Joshua 24:1

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Joshua.24.1", "source": "וַיֶּאֶסֹ֧ף יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ אֶת־כָּל־שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל שְׁכֶ֑מָה וַיִּקְרָא֩ לְזִקְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּלְרָאשָׁ֗יו וּלְשֹֽׁפְטָיו֙ וּלְשֹׁ֣טְרָ֔יו וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י הָאֱלֹהִֽים", "text": "And *wə-yə'ĕsōp̄* *yəhōwšuʿa* *'eṯ*-all-*šiḇṭê* *yiśrā'ēl* *šəḵemāh* and *wə-yiqrā'* to-*ziqnê* *yiśrā'ēl* and-to-*rā'šāyw* and-to-*šōp̄ṭāyw* and-to-*šōṭərāyw* and *wə-yiṯyaṣṣəḇū* before *hā'ĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yə'ĕsōp̄*": "conjunctive waw + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he gathered", "*yəhōwšuʿa*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua", "*'eṯ*": "direct object marker", "*šiḇṭê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tribes of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*šəḵemāh*": "proper noun with directional hey - to Shechem", "*wə-yiqrā'*": "conjunctive waw + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*ziqnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of", "*rā'šāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his heads/chiefs", "*šōp̄ṭāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his judges", "*šōṭərāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his officers", "*wə-yiṯyaṣṣəḇū*": "conjunctive waw + Hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they presented themselves", "*hā'ĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the God" }, "variants": { "*wə-yə'ĕsōp̄*": "gathered/assembled/brought together", "*šiḇṭê*": "tribes/clans/branches", "*šəḵemāh*": "to Shechem (directional)", "*rā'šāyw*": "his heads/chiefs/leaders", "*šōp̄ṭāyw*": "his judges/magistrates", "*šōṭərāyw*": "his officers/scribes/overseers", "*wə-yiṯyaṣṣəḇū*": "they presented themselves/stood/positioned themselves", "*hā'ĕlōhîm*": "the God/God (plural form with singular meaning)" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֶּאֶסֹ֧ף יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ אֶת־כָּל־שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל שְׁכֶ֑מָה וַיִּקְרָא֩ לְזִקְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּלְרָאשָׁ֗יו וּלְשֹֽׁפְטָיו֙ וּלְשֹׁ֣טְרָ֔יו וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י הָאֱלֹהִֽים

Transliteration

And wə-yə'ĕsōp̄ yəhōwšuʿa 'eṯ-all-šiḇṭê yiśrā'ēl šəḵemāh and wə-yiqrā' to-ziqnê yiśrā'ēl and-to-rā'šāyw and-to-šōp̄ṭāyw and-to-šōṭərāyw and wə-yiṯyaṣṣəḇū before hā'ĕlōhîm

Grammar Details

• *wə-yə'ĕsōp̄*: conjunctive waw + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he gathered
• *yəhōwšuʿa*: proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua
• *'eṯ*: direct object marker
• *šiḇṭê*: noun, masculine plural construct - tribes of
• *yiśrā'ēl*: proper noun - Israel
• *šəḵemāh*: proper noun with directional hey - to Shechem
• *wə-yiqrā'*: conjunctive waw + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called
• *ziqnê*: noun, masculine plural construct - elders of
• *rā'šāyw*: noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his heads/chiefs
• *šōp̄ṭāyw*: noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his judges
• *šōṭərāyw*: noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his officers
• *wə-yiṯyaṣṣəḇū*: conjunctive waw + Hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they presented themselves
• *hā'ĕlōhîm*: definite article + noun, masculine plural - the God

Word Meanings

• *wə-yə'ĕsōp̄*: gathered/assembled/brought together
• *šiḇṭê*: tribes/clans/branches
• *šəḵemāh*: to Shechem (directional)
• *rā'šāyw*: his heads/chiefs/leaders
• *šōp̄ṭāyw*: his judges/magistrates
• *šōṭərāyw*: his officers/scribes/overseers
• *wə-yiṯyaṣṣəḇū*: they presented themselves/stood/positioned themselves
• *hā'ĕlōhîm*: the God/God (plural form with singular meaning)

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel at Shechem. He summoned the elders of Israel, their leaders, judges, and officers, and they presented themselves before God.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And hua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their leaders, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Iosua gathered all the trybes of Israel together vnto Sichem, and called the Elders of Israel, the heades, iudges and officers. And wha they were come before God,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And Ioshua assembled againe all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called the Elders of Israel, and their heades, and their iudges, and their officers, and they presented themselues before God.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And Iosuah gathered all ye tribes of Israel to Sichem, and called for the elders of Israel, & for their heades, iudges, and officers, & they presented them selues before God.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And Joshua gathereth all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and calleth for the elders of Israel, and for its heads, and for its judges, and for its authorities, and they station themselves before God.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then Joshua got all the tribes of Israel together at Shechem; and he sent for the responsible men of Israel and their chiefs and their judges and their overseers; and they took their place before God.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, for their heads, for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Israel Renews its Commitment to the Lord Joshua assembled all the Israelite tribes at Shechem. He summoned Israel’s elders, rulers, judges, and leaders, and they appeared before God.

Referenced Verses

• Josh 23:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Joshua.23.2", "source": "וַיִּקְרָ֤א יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִזְקֵנָיו֙ וּלְרָאשָׁ֔יו וּלְשֹׁפְטָ֖יו וּלְשֹֽׁטְרָ֑יו וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֔ם אֲנִ֣י זָקַ֔נְתִּי בָּ֖אתִי בַּיָּמִֽים׃", "text": "And *wayyiqrāʾ* *Yəhôšuaʿ* to all *Yiśrāʾēl*, to *zəqēnāyw* and to *rāʾšāyw* and to *šōp̄ətāyw* and to *šōtərāyw* and *wayyōʾmer* to them, *ʾănî* *zāqantî* *bāʾtî* in the *yāmîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he called", "*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*zəqēnāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3ms suffix - his elders", "*rāʾšāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3ms suffix - his heads/leaders", "*šōp̄ətāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3ms suffix - his judges", "*šōtərāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3ms suffix - his officers", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*ʾănî*": "1cs personal pronoun - I", "*zāqantî*": "qal perfect 1cs - I have grown old", "*bāʾtî*": "qal perfect 1cs - I have come/entered", "*yāmîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the days" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "called/summoned", "*zəqēnāyw*": "his elders/elderly leaders", "*rāʾšāyw*": "his heads/chiefs/leaders", "*šōp̄ətāyw*": "his judges/those who adjudicate", "*šōtərāyw*": "his officers/officials/record-keepers", "*zāqantî*": "I have grown old/I have aged", "*bāʾtî bayyāmîm*": "I have come into days/I am advanced in age/I am well along in years" } }
• 1 Sam 10:19 : 19 { "verseID": "1Samuel.10.19", "source": "וְאַתֶּ֨ם הַיּ֜וֹם מְאַסְתֶּ֣ם אֶת־אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁר־ה֣וּא מוֹשִׁ֣יעַ לָכֶם֮ מִכָּל־רָעוֹתֵיכֶ֣ם וְצָרֹֽתֵיכֶם֒ וַתֹּ֣אמְרוּ ל֔וֹ כִּי־מֶ֖לֶךְ תָּשִׂ֣ים עָלֵ֑ינוּ וְעַתָּ֗ה הִֽתְיַצְּבוּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לְשִׁבְטֵיכֶ֖ם וּלְאַלְפֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-you the-*yôm māʾastem ʾeṯ-ʾĕlōhêḵem* who-he *môšîaʿ* to-you from-all-*rāʿôṯêḵem* and-*ṣārōṯêḵem* *wat-tōʾmərû* to-him that-*meleḵ tāśîm* upon-us; and-now *hiṯyaṣṣəḇû* before-*YHWH* by-*šiḇṭêḵem* and-by-*ʾalp̄êḵem*.", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*māʾastem*": "perfect, 2nd plural masculine - you have rejected", "*ʾeṯ-ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "direct object marker with noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*môšîaʿ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - saving", "*rāʿôṯêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your evils/calamities", "*ṣārōṯêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your distresses", "*wat-tōʾmərû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd plural masculine - and you said", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*tāśîm*": "imperfect, 2nd singular masculine - you will set/place", "*hiṯyaṣṣəḇû*": "hithpael imperative, 2nd plural masculine - present yourselves", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*šiḇṭêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your tribes", "*ʾalp̄êḵem*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your thousands" }, "variants": { "*māʾastem*": "rejected/refused/scorned", "*môšîaʿ*": "saving/delivering/rescuing", "*rāʿôṯêḵem*": "your evils/calamities/troubles", "*ṣārōṯêḵem*": "your distresses/troubles/adversities", "*hiṯyaṣṣəḇû*": "present yourselves/stand/position yourselves", "*ʾalp̄êḵem*": "your thousands/your clans/your military units" } }
• 1 Kgs 12:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Kings.12.1", "source": "וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ רְחַבְעָ֖ם שְׁכֶ֑ם כִּ֥י שְׁכֶ֛ם בָּ֥א כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְהַמְלִ֥יךְ אֹתֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyēlek* *Reḥaḇʿām* to *Šekem*; because to *Šekem* *bāʾ* all-*Yiśrāʾēl* to *hamlîk* him.", "grammar": { "*wayyēlek*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*Reḥaḇʿām*": "proper noun, masculine - Rehoboam", "*Šekem*": "proper noun, locative - Shechem", "*bāʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came/had come", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Israel", "*hamlîk*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to make king/to crown" }, "variants": { "*wayyēlek*": "and he went/proceeded/walked", "*bāʾ*": "came/had come/arrived", "*hamlîk*": "to make king/to crown/to enthrone" } }
• Acts 10:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Acts.10.33", "source": "Ἐξαυτῆς οὖν ἔπεμψα πρός σε· σύ τε καλῶς ἐποίησας παραγενόμενος. Νῦν οὖν πάντες ἡμεῖς ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, πάρεσμεν ἀκοῦσαι πάντα τὰ προστεταγμένα σοι ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ.", "text": "*Exautēs* therefore I *epempsa* *pros* you; you both *kalōs* *epoiēsas* *paragenomenos*. Now therefore *pantes* we *enōpion* of the *Theou*, *paresmen* to *akousai* *panta* the things *prostetagmena* to you by the *Theou*.", "grammar": { "*Exautēs*": "adverb - immediately/at once", "*epempsa*": "aorist active indicative, 1st singular - I sent", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/toward", "*kalōs*": "adverb - well/rightly/excellently", "*epoiēsas*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd singular - you did/made", "*paragenomenos*": "aorist middle participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having arrived/come", "*pantes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - all", "*enōpion*": "preposition with genitive - before/in front of", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*paresmen*": "present active indicative, 1st plural - we are present/here", "*akousai*": "aorist active infinitive - to hear", "*panta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - all things", "*prostetagmena*": "perfect passive participle, accusative, neuter, plural - having been commanded/ordered", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God" }, "variants": { "*Exautēs*": "immediately/at once/without delay", "*kalōs*": "well/rightly/excellently/appropriately", "*paragenomenos*": "having arrived/come/been present", "*prostetagmena*": "having been commanded/ordered/instructed" } }
• Judg 9:1-3 : 1 { "verseID": "Judges.9.1", "source": "וַיֵּלֶךְ אֲבִימֶלֶךְ בֶּן־יְרֻבַּעַל שְׁכֶמָה אֶל־אֲחֵי אִמּוֹ וַיְדַבֵּר אֲלֵיהֶם וְאֶל־כָּל־מִשְׁפַּחַת בֵּית־אֲבִי אִמּוֹ לֵאמֹר", "text": "*wə-yēlek* *ʾăbîmelek* *ben*-*yərubbaʿal* *šəkemāh* *ʾel*-*ʾăḥê* *ʾimmô* *wə-yədabbēr* *ʾălêhem* *wə-ʾel*-*kol*-*mišpaḥat* *bêt*-*ʾăbî* *ʾimmô* *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wə-yēlek*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he went", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech", "*ben*": "construct noun, masculine singular - son of", "*yərubbaʿal*": "proper noun, masculine - Jerubbaal", "*šəkemāh*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Shechem", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to, unto", "*ʾăḥê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - brothers of", "*ʾimmô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3ms possessive suffix - his mother", "*wə-yədabbēr*": "Piel imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he spoke", "*ʾălêhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them", "*wə-ʾel*": "conjunction with preposition - and to", "*kol*": "construct noun - all of", "*mišpaḥat*": "construct noun, feminine singular - family of", "*bêt*": "construct noun, masculine singular - house of", "*ʾăbî*": "construct noun, masculine singular - father of", "*ʾimmô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3ms possessive suffix - his mother", "*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*wə-yēlek*": "and he went/proceeded/traveled", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "Abimelech (proper name meaning 'my father is king')", "*ben*": "son of/descendant of", "*yərubbaʿal*": "Jerubbaal (alternate name for Gideon)", "*šəkemāh*": "to Shechem (city name)", "*mišpaḥat*": "family/clan/kindred" } } 2 { "verseID": "Judges.9.2", "source": "דַּבְּרוּ־נָא בְּאָזְנֵי כָל־בַּעֲלֵי שְׁכֶם מַה־טּוֹב לָכֶם הַמְשֹׁל בָּכֶם שִׁבְעִים אִישׁ כֹּל בְּנֵי יְרֻבַּעַל אִם־מְשֹׁל בָּכֶם אִישׁ אֶחָד וּזְכַרְתֶּם כִּי־עַצְמֵכֶם וּבְשַׂרְכֶם אָנִי", "text": "*dabbərû*-*nāʾ* *bə-ʾoznê* *kol*-*baʿălê* *šəkem* *mah*-*ṭôb* *lākem* *ha-məšōl* *bākem* *šibʿîm* *ʾîš* *kōl* *bənê* *yərubbaʿal* *ʾim*-*məšōl* *bākem* *ʾîš* *ʾeḥād* *û-zəkartem* *kî*-*ʿaṣməkem* *û-bəśarkem* *ʾănî*", "grammar": { "*dabbərû*": "Piel imperative, masculine plural - speak", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*bə-ʾoznê*": "preposition with construct noun, feminine dual - in the ears of", "*kol*": "construct noun - all of", "*baʿălê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - lords/citizens of", "*šəkem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*mah*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*lākem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - to/for you", "*ha-məšōl*": "article with Qal infinitive construct - the ruling", "*bākem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - over you", "*šibʿîm*": "cardinal number - seventy", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*kōl*": "construct noun - all of", "*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - sons of", "*yərubbaʿal*": "proper noun, masculine - Jerubbaal", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if/or", "*məšōl*": "Qal infinitive construct - ruling", "*bākem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - over you", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number, masculine singular - one", "*û-zəkartem*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 2mp - and you shall remember", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because", "*ʿaṣməkem*": "noun with 2mp suffix - your bone", "*û-bəśarkem*": "conjunction with noun and 2mp suffix - and your flesh", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I" }, "variants": { "*dabbərû*-*nāʾ*": "speak now/please speak", "*baʿălê*": "lords of/citizens of/men of", "*mah*-*ṭôb*": "what is good/what is better", "*ha-məšōl*": "the ruling/that should rule", "*kî*-*ʿaṣməkem*": "because/that your bone (idiom for relationship)", "*û-bəśarkem*": "and your flesh (idiom for relationship)" } } 3 { "verseID": "Judges.9.3", "source": "וַיְדַבְּרוּ אֲחֵי־אִמּוֹ עָלָיו בְּאָזְנֵי כָּל־בַּעֲלֵי שְׁכֶם אֵת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה וַיֵּט לִבָּם אַחֲרֵי אֲבִימֶלֶךְ כִּי אָמְרוּ אָחִינוּ הוּא", "text": "*wa-yədabbərû* *ʾăḥê*-*ʾimmô* *ʿālāyw* *bə-ʾoznê* *kol*-*baʿălê* *šəkem* *ʾēt* *kol*-*ha-dəbārîm* *hā-ʾēlleh* *wa-yēṭ* *libbām* *ʾaḥărê* *ʾăbîmelek* *kî* *ʾāmərû* *ʾāḥînû* *hûʾ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yədabbərû*": "Piel imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they spoke", "*ʾăḥê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - brothers of", "*ʾimmô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3ms possessive suffix - his mother", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3ms suffix - concerning him", "*bə-ʾoznê*": "preposition with construct noun, feminine dual - in the ears of", "*kol*": "construct noun - all of", "*baʿălê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - lords/citizens of", "*šəkem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "construct noun - all of", "*ha-dəbārîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the words", "*hā-ʾēlleh*": "article with demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*wa-yēṭ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and it inclined", "*libbām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3mp possessive suffix - their heart", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*ʾāmərû*": "Qal perfect 3mp - they said", "*ʾāḥînû*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cp possessive suffix - our brother", "*hûʾ*": "3ms personal pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*wa-yēṭ* *libbām*": "and their heart inclined/and they were inclined/their hearts were swayed", "*ʾaḥărê*": "after/following/toward", "*kî*": "because/for/that" } }
• Gen 12:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.6", "source": "וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר אַבְרָם֙ בָּאָ֔רֶץ עַ֚ד מְק֣וֹם שְׁכֶ֔ם עַ֖ד אֵל֣וֹן מוֹרֶ֑ה וְהֽ͏ַכְּנַעֲנִ֖י אָ֥ז בָּאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And-*wayyaʿabōr* *ʾAbrām* in-the-*ʾāreṣ* unto *ʿad* *meqôm* *Šekem* unto *ʿad* *ʾēlôn* *Môreh* and-the-*Kenaʿanî* *ʾāz* in-the-*ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿabōr*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he passed through", "*ʾAbrām*": "proper noun - Abram", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land", "*ʿad*": "preposition - unto/as far as", "*meqôm*": "noun masculine construct - place of", "*Šekem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*ʾēlôn*": "noun masculine singular construct - oak/terebinth of", "*Môreh*": "proper noun - Moreh", "*Kenaʿanî*": "gentilic adjective - Canaanite", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land" }, "variants": { "*ʾēlôn*": "oak/terebinth/great tree", "*ʾāz*": "then/at that time/already" } }
• Gen 33:18-19 : 18 { "verseID": "Genesis.33.18", "source": "וַיָּבֹא֩ יַעֲקֹ֨ב שָׁלֵ֜ם עִ֣יר שְׁכֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁר֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן בְּבֹא֖וֹ מִפַּדַּ֣ן אֲרָ֑ם וַיִּ֖חַן אֶת־פְּנֵ֥י הָעִֽיר׃", "text": "*wə-yābōʾ* *yaʿăqōb* *šālēm* *ʿîr* *šəkem* which in *ʾereṣ* *kənaʿan* in *bəbōʾô* from *paddan* *ʾărām* *wə-yiḥan* *ʾet*-*pənê* the *ʿîr*", "grammar": { "*wə-yābōʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jacob", "*šālēm*": "adjective, masculine singular - safely/whole/in peace (or could be read as 'to Shalem')", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular construct - city of", "*šəkem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*kənaʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*bəbōʾô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his coming", "*paddan*": "proper noun - Paddan", "*ʾărām*": "proper noun - Aram", "*wə-yiḥan*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he camped", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city" }, "variants": { "*yābōʾ*": "came/arrived at", "*šālēm*": "safely/whole/in peace (or could be read as place name 'Shalem')", "*ʿîr*": "city of/town of", "*bəbōʾô*": "in his coming/when he came", "*yiḥan*": "camped/pitched his tent", "*pənê*": "face of/in front of" } } 19 { "verseID": "Genesis.33.19", "source": "וַיִּ֜קֶן אֶת־חֶלְקַ֣ת הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָֽטָה־שָׁם֙ אָהֳל֔וֹ מִיַּ֥ד בְּנֵֽי־חֲמ֖וֹר אֲבִ֣י שְׁכֶ֑ם בְּמֵאָ֖ה קְשִׂיטָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yiqen* *ʾet*-*ḥelqat* the *śādeh* which *nāṭāh*-there *ʾohŏlô* from *yad* *bənê*-*ḥămôr* *ʾăbî* *šəkem* for *mēʾāh* *qəśîṭāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqen*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he bought", "*ḥelqat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - portion of", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field", "*nāṭāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he had spread", "*ʾohŏlô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his tent", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ḥămôr*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hamor", "*ʾăbî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - father of", "*šəkem*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Shechem", "*mēʾāh*": "cardinal number - hundred", "*qəśîṭāh*": "noun, feminine singular - qesitah (unit of money)" }, "variants": { "*yiqen*": "bought/purchased/acquired", "*ḥelqat*": "portion/parcel/piece", "*nāṭāh*": "had spread/had pitched/had set up", "*yad*": "hand of/from/possession of", "*ʾăbî*": "father of/patriarch of", "*qəśîṭāh*": "qesitah (unit of money of unknown value)" } }
• Gen 35:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.35.4", "source": "וַיִּתְּנ֣וּ אֶֽל־יַעֲקֹ֗ב אֵ֣ת כָּל־אֱלֹהֵ֤י הַנֵּכָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּיָדָ֔ם וְאֶת־הַנְּזָמִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּאָזְנֵיהֶ֑ם וַיִּטְמֹ֤ן אֹתָם֙ יַעֲקֹ֔ב תַּ֥חַת הָאֵלָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר עִם־שְׁכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyittenû* unto *yaʿăqōb* *ʾēt kol-ʾĕlōhê hannēkār* *ʾăšer* *bȇyādām* and *ʾet-hannȇzāmîm* *ʾăšer* *bȇʾoznêhem*, and *wayyiṭmōn* *ʾōtām* *yaʿăqōb* *taḥat hāʾēlâ* *ʾăšer* *ʿim-šȇkem*.", "grammar": { "*wayyittenû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd common plural - and they gave", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun, indirect object - Jacob", "*ʾēt kol-ʾĕlōhê*": "direct object marker + construct noun + masculine plural construct noun - all the gods of", "*hannēkār*": "article + masculine singular noun - the foreign/strange", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*bȇyādām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their hand", "*ʾet-hannȇzāmîm*": "direct object marker + article + masculine plural noun - the earrings/nose rings", "*bȇʾoznêhem*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their ears", "*wayyiṭmōn*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he hid", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under", "*hāʾēlâ*": "article + feminine singular noun - the oak/terebinth", "*ʿim-šȇkem*": "preposition + proper noun - near/by Shechem" }, "variants": { "*wayyittenû*": "and they gave/and they handed over", "*ʾĕlōhê hannēkār*": "foreign gods/strange deities/gods of foreigners", "*bȇyādām*": "in their hand/in their possession", "*hannȇzāmîm*": "earrings/nose rings/jewelry", "*wayyiṭmōn*": "and he hid/and he buried", "*hāʾēlâ*": "the terebinth/the oak/large tree", "*ʿim-šȇkem*": "with Shechem/near Shechem/by Shechem (as a geographic location)" } }
• Exod 18:25-26 : 25 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.25", "source": "וַיִּבְחַ֨ר מֹשֶׁ֤ה אַנְשֵׁי־חַ֙יִל֙ מִכָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִתֵּ֥ן אֹתָ֛ם רָאשִׁ֖ים עַל־הָעָ֑ם שָׂרֵ֤י אֲלָפִים֙ שָׂרֵ֣י מֵא֔וֹת שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֥י עֲשָׂרֹֽת׃", "text": "*wə*-*yibḥar* *mōšeh* *ʾanšê*-*ḥayil* from-all-*yiśrāʾēl* *wə*-*yittēn* *ʾōtām* *rāšîm* upon-*hāʿām* *śārê* *ʾălāpîm* *śārê* *mēʾôt* *śārê* *ḥămiššîm* and-*śārê* *ʿăśārōt*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*yibḥar*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he chose", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾanšê*-*ḥayil*": "noun, masculine plural construct with noun - men of ability", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə*-*yittēn*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he appointed/set", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*rāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - heads/chiefs", "*hāʿām*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the people", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - rulers of", "*ʾălāpîm*": "noun, masculine plural - thousands", "*mēʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - hundreds", "*ḥămiššîm*": "numeral, common plural - fifties", "*ʿăśārōt*": "noun, feminine plural - tens" }, "variants": { "*yibḥar*": "chose/selected/picked", "*rāšîm*": "heads/chiefs/leaders" } } 26 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.26", "source": "וְשָׁפְט֥וּ אֶת־הָעָ֖ם בְּכָל־עֵ֑ת אֶת־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַקָּשֶׁה֙ יְבִיא֣וּן אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה וְכָל־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַקָּטֹ֖ן יִשְׁפּוּט֥וּ הֵֽם׃", "text": "*wə*-*šāpəṭû* *ʾet*-*hāʿām* in-all-*ʿēt* *ʾet*-*haddābār* *haqqāšeh* *yəbîʾûn* to-*mōšeh* and-all-*haddābār* *haqqāṭōn* *yišpûṭû* they", "grammar": { "*wə*-*šāpəṭû*": "conjunction with perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they judged", "*hāʿām*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the people", "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular - time", "*haddābār*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the matter", "*haqqāšeh*": "article with adjective, masculine singular - the difficult", "*yəbîʾûn*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with paragogic nun - they would bring", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*haqqāṭōn*": "article with adjective, masculine singular - the small", "*yišpûṭû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they would judge" }, "variants": { "*haqqāšeh*": "the difficult/hard/severe", "*yəbîʾûn*": "they would bring/they brought" } }