15 {
"verseID": "Joshua.4.15",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֔ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ לֵאמֹֽר׃",
"text": "And spoke *wa-yyōʾmer* *YHWH* unto *ʾel* *yᵊhôšūaʿ* saying *lēʾmōr*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yyōʾmer*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he spoke/said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - unto",
"*yᵊhôšūaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - saying"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/tell"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Joshua.4.16",
"source": "צַוֵּה֙ אֶת־הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים נֹשְׂאֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן הָעֵד֑וּת וְיַעֲל֖וּ מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃",
"text": "Command *ṣawwēh* *ʾet* the *ha-kōhănîm* bearing *nōśᵊʾê* ark of *ʾărôn* the *hā-ʿēdût* and let them come up *wə-yaʿălû* from *min* the *ha-yardên*",
"grammar": {
"*ṣawwēh*": "imperative masculine singular - command",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the priests",
"*nōśᵊʾê*": "masculine plural construct participle - bearers of/carrying",
"*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of",
"*hā-ʿēdût*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the testimony",
"*wə-yaʿălû*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd masculine plural jussive - and let them come up",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*ha-yardên*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣāwāh*": "command/order/charge",
"*nāśāʾ*": "bear/carry/lift",
"*ʿēdût*": "testimony/witness/evidence",
"*ʿālāh*": "come up/ascend/go up"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Joshua.4.17",
"source": "וַיְצַ֣ו יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ אֶת־הַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים לֵאמֹ֑ר עֲל֖וּ מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃",
"text": "And commanded *wa-yəṣaw* *yᵊhôšūaʿ* *ʾet* the *ha-kōhănîm* saying *lēʾmōr*, Come up *ʿălû* from *min* the *ha-yardên*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yəṣaw*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he commanded",
"*yᵊhôšūaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the priests",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - saying",
"*ʿălû*": "imperative plural masculine - come up",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*ha-yardên*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣāwāh*": "command/order/charge",
"*ʿālāh*": "come up/ascend/go up"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Joshua.4.18",
"source": "וַ֠יְהִי *בעלות **כַּעֲל֨וֹת הַכֹּהֲנִ֜ים נֹשְׂאֵ֨י אֲר֤וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָה֙ מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן נִתְּק֗וּ כַּפּוֹת֙ רַגְלֵ֣י הַכֹּהֲנִ֔ים אֶ֖ל הֶחָרָבָ֑ה וַיָּשֻׁ֤בוּ מֵֽי־הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ לִמְקוֹמָ֔ם וַיֵּלְכ֥וּ כִתְמוֹל־שִׁלְשׁ֖וֹם עַל־כָּל־גְּדוֹתָֽיו׃",
"text": "And it came to pass *wa-yəhî* when coming up *ka-ʿălôt* the *ha-kōhănîm* bearing *nōśᵊʾê* ark of *ʾărôn* covenant of *bərît* *YHWH* from midst of *mi-ttôk* the *ha-yardên*, were drawn out *nittəqû* soles of *kappôt* feet of *raglê* the *ha-kōhănîm* unto *ʾel* the dry ground *he-ḥārābāh* and returned *wa-yyāšubû* waters of *mê* the *ha-yardên* to their place *li-mqômām* and went *wa-yyēlkû* as yesterday and third day *ki-tmôl-šilšôm* upon *ʿal* all *kol* its banks *gədôtāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass",
"*ka-ʿălôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - when coming up",
"*ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the priests",
"*nōśᵊʾê*": "masculine plural construct participle - bearers of/carrying",
"*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of",
"*bərît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*mi-ttôk*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from midst of",
"*ha-yardên*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan",
"*nittəqû*": "perfect 3rd common plural niphal - were drawn out/pulled away",
"*kappôt*": "feminine plural construct - soles of/palms of",
"*raglê*": "feminine plural construct - feet of",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - unto",
"*he-ḥārābāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the dry ground",
"*wa-yyāšubû*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they returned",
"*mê*": "masculine plural construct - waters of",
"*li-mqômām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their place",
"*wa-yyēlkû*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they went",
"*ki-tmôl-šilšôm*": "preposition + adverbial phrase - as yesterday and third day (as before)",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon",
"*kol*": "masculine singular construct - all of",
"*gədôtāyw*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its banks"
},
"variants": {
"*hāyāh*": "happen/come to pass/become",
"*ʿālāh*": "come up/ascend/go up",
"*nāśāʾ*": "bear/carry/lift",
"*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty",
"*tôk*": "midst/middle/among",
"*nātaq*": "draw out/pull away/tear away",
"*kaf*": "sole/palm/hollow",
"*ḥārābāh*": "dry ground/dry land",
"*šûb*": "return/turn back/go back",
"*māyim*": "water/waters/fluid",
"*māqôm*": "place/location/spot",
"*hālak*": "go/walk/travel",
"*tmôl-šilšôm*": "yesterday and the day before/previously/as before",
"*gādāh*": "bank/shore/edge"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Joshua.4.19",
"source": "וְהָעָ֗ם עָלוּ֙ מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן בֶּעָשׂ֖וֹר לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ בַּגִּלְגָּ֔ל בִּקְצֵ֖ה מִזְרַ֥ח יְרִיחֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And the *wə-hā-ʿām* came up *ʿālû* from *min* the *ha-yardên* on tenth *be-ʿāśôr* of the *la-ḥōdeš* the *hā-riʾšôn* and encamped *wa-yyaḥănû* in the *ba-ggilgāl* in border of *bi-qṣēh* east *mizraḥ* *yᵊrîḥô*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-hā-ʿām*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the people",
"*ʿālû*": "perfect 3rd common plural - came up",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*ha-yardên*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan",
"*be-ʿāśôr*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - on tenth",
"*la-ḥōdeš*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - of the month",
"*hā-riʾšôn*": "definite article + ordinal number masculine singular - the first",
"*wa-yyaḥănû*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they encamped",
"*ba-ggilgāl*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun - in the Gilgal",
"*bi-qṣēh*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in border/edge of",
"*mizraḥ*": "masculine singular construct - east of",
"*yᵊrîḥô*": "proper noun - Jericho"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿālāh*": "come up/ascend/go up",
"*ʿāśôr*": "tenth/tenth day",
"*ḥōdeš*": "month/new moon",
"*riʾšôn*": "first/primary/beginning",
"*ḥānāh*": "encamp/camp/pitch",
"*qāṣeh*": "border/edge/end",
"*mizraḥ*": "east/sunrise direction"
}
}