Josh 20:2-6 : 2 {
"verseID": "Joshua.20.2",
"source": "דַּבֵּ֛ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר תְּנ֤וּ לָכֶם֙ אֶת־עָרֵ֣י הַמִּקְלָ֔ט אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶ֖ם בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה׃",
"text": "*Dabbēr* unto *bənê Yiśrāʾēl* *lēʾmōr*: *tənû* to yourselves *ʿārê hammiqləṭ* which *dibbartî* unto you by hand of *Mōšeh*",
"grammar": {
"*Dabbēr*": "Piel imperative masculine singular - speak!",
"*bənê Yiśrāʾēl*": "construct state + proper noun - sons/children of Israel",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to say/saying",
"*tənû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - give!",
"*ʿārê hammiqləṭ*": "construct state + definite article + noun - cities of the refuge",
"*dibbartî*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular - I spoke"
},
"variants": {
"*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants",
"*ʿārê hammiqləṭ*": "cities of refuge/asylum/sanctuary",
"*dibbartî*": "I spoke/I promised/I commanded"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Joshua.20.3",
"source": "לָנ֥וּס שָׁ֙מָּה֙ רוֹצֵ֔חַ מַכֵּה־נֶ֥פֶשׁ בִּשְׁגָגָ֖ה בִּבְלִי־דָ֑עַת וְהָי֤וּ לָכֶם֙ לְמִקְלָ֔ט מִגֹּאֵ֖ל הַדָּֽם׃",
"text": "For *lānûs* there *rôṣēaḥ* *makkēh*-*nepeš* *bišəgāgāh* *biblî*-*dāʿat* and they shall be for you for *miqlāṭ* from *gōʾēl* *haddām*",
"grammar": {
"*lānûs*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to flee",
"*rôṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - one who murders/killer",
"*makkēh*": "Hiphil participle construct - one who strikes",
"*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/person/life",
"*bišəgāgāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - in error/unintentionally",
"*biblî*": "preposition + negative particle - without",
"*dāʿat*": "feminine singular noun - knowledge/intent",
"*miqlāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - refuge/asylum",
"*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - redeemer/avenger",
"*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood"
},
"variants": {
"*rôṣēaḥ*": "murderer/killer/manslayer",
"*nepeš*": "soul/person/life",
"*bišəgāgāh*": "unintentionally/by mistake/in error",
"*biblî-dāʿat*": "without knowledge/unintentionally/without premeditation",
"*gōʾēl haddām*": "avenger of blood/blood redeemer/kinsman-redeemer of blood"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Joshua.20.4",
"source": "וְנָ֞ס אֶל־אַחַ֣ת ׀ מֵהֶעָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה וְעָמַד֙ פֶּ֚תַח שַׁ֣עַר הָעִ֔יר וְדִבֶּ֛ר בְּאָזְנֵ֛י זִקְנֵ֥י־הָעִֽיר הַהִ֖יא אֶת־דְּבָרָ֑יו וְאָסְפ֨וּ אֹת֤וֹ הָעִ֙ירָה֙ אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וְנָתְנוּ־ל֥וֹ מָק֖וֹם וְיָשַׁ֥ב עִמָּֽם׃",
"text": "And *nās* to *ʾaḥat* from *heʿārîm* *hāʾēlleh* and *ʿāmad* *petaḥ* *šaʿar* *hāʿîr* and *dibber* in *ʾoznê* *ziqnê*-*hāʿîr* *hahîʾ* *dəbārāyw* and *ʾāsəpû* him *hāʿîrāh* unto them and *nātənû*-to him *māqôm* and *yāšab* with them",
"grammar": {
"*nās*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he fled",
"*ʾaḥat*": "feminine singular numeral - one",
"*heʿārîm*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the cities",
"*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - these",
"*ʿāmad*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he stood",
"*petaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - opening of",
"*šaʿar*": "masculine singular construct - gate of",
"*hāʿîr*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the city",
"*dibber*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he spoke",
"*ʾoznê*": "feminine dual construct - ears of",
"*ziqnê*": "masculine plural construct - elders of",
"*hahîʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that",
"*dəbārāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his words/matters",
"*ʾāsəpû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they gathered",
"*hāʿîrāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun + directional he - to the city",
"*nātənû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they gave",
"*māqôm*": "masculine singular noun - place",
"*yāšab*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he dwelt"
},
"variants": {
"*petaḥ šaʿar*": "entrance of the gate/opening of the gate",
"*dibber*": "spoke/declared/stated",
"*ʾoznê*": "ears/hearing",
"*dəbārāyw*": "his words/his matters/his case",
"*ʾāsəpû*": "gathered/brought in/collected",
"*māqôm*": "place/location/dwelling"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Joshua.20.5",
"source": "וְכִ֨י יִרְדֹּ֜ף גֹּאֵ֤ל הַדָּם֙ אַֽחֲרָ֔יו וְלֹֽא־יַסְגִּ֥רוּ אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֖חַ בְּיָד֑וֹ כִּ֤י בִבְלִי־דַ֙עַת֙ הִכָּ֣ה אֶת־רֵעֵ֔הוּ וְלֹֽא־שֹׂנֵ֥א ה֛וּא ל֖וֹ מִתְּמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃",
"text": "And if *yirdōp* *gōʾēl* *haddām* after him, and not *yasgîrû* *hārōṣēaḥ* in his hand, for *biblî*-*daʿat* *hikkāh* *rēʿēhû* and not *śōnēʾ* he to him from *təmôl* *šilšôm*",
"grammar": {
"*yirdōp*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he pursues",
"*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - avenger of",
"*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood",
"*yasgîrû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they deliver up",
"*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine singular - the murderer",
"*biblî*": "preposition + negative particle - without",
"*daʿat*": "feminine singular noun - knowledge/intent",
"*hikkāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he struck",
"*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor",
"*śōnēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - hating/being hostile",
"*təmôl*": "adverb - yesterday",
"*šilšôm*": "adverb - three days ago/before"
},
"variants": {
"*gōʾēl haddām*": "avenger of blood/blood redeemer/kinsman-redeemer of blood",
"*yasgîrû*": "deliver up/surrender/hand over",
"*biblî-daʿat*": "without knowledge/unintentionally/without premeditation",
"*hikkāh*": "struck/killed/injured",
"*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/his fellow/his friend",
"*təmôl šilšôm*": "previously/beforehand/in the past"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Joshua.20.6",
"source": "וְיָשַׁ֣ב ׀ בָּעִ֣יר הַהִ֗יא עַד־עָמְד֞וֹ לִפְנֵ֤י הָֽעֵדָה֙ לַמִּשְׁפָּ֔ט עַד־מוֹת֙ הַכֹּהֵ֣ן הַגָּד֔וֹל אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִהְיֶ֖ה בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֑ם אָ֣ז ׀ יָשׁ֣וּב הָרוֹצֵ֗חַ וּבָ֤א אֶל־עִירוֹ֙ וְאֶל־בֵּית֔וֹ אֶל־הָעִ֖יר אֲשֶׁר־נָ֥ס מִשָּֽׁם׃",
"text": "And he shall *yāšab* in *hāʿîr* *hahîʾ* until *ʿāmədô* before *hāʿēdāh* for *mišpāṭ*, until *môt* *hakkōhēn* *haggādôl* who *yihyeh* in *hayyāmîm* *hāhēm*; then *yāšûb* *hārôṣēaḥ* and *bāʾ* to his city and to his house, to *hāʿîr* from which he *nās* from there",
"grammar": {
"*yāšab*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he dwelt",
"*hāʿîr*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the city",
"*hahîʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that",
"*ʿāmədô*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his standing",
"*hāʿēdāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the congregation/assembly",
"*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - judgment",
"*môt*": "Qal infinitive construct - death of",
"*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the priest",
"*haggādôl*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular - the great",
"*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will be",
"*hayyāmîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the days",
"*hāhēm*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - those",
"*yāšûb*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will return",
"*hārôṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine singular - the murderer",
"*bāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he came",
"*nās*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he fled"
},
"variants": {
"*yāšab*": "dwell/remain/stay",
"*hāʿēdāh*": "congregation/assembly/community",
"*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision",
"*hakkōhēn haggādôl*": "high priest/chief priest",
"*yāšûb*": "return/go back/turn back"
}
}