8{
"verseID": "Judges.19.8",
"source": "וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם בַּבֹּ֜קֶר בַּיּ֣וֹם הַחֲמִישִׁי֮ לָלֶכֶת֒ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֗ה סְעָד־נָא֙ לְבָ֣בְךָ֔ וְהִֽתְמַהְמְה֖וּ עַד־נְט֣וֹת הַיּ֑וֹם וַיֹּאכְל֖וּ שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyaškēm* in-the-*bōqer* in-the-*yôm* the-fifth *lāleket*, and *wayyōmer* *ʾăḇî* the-*naʿărâ* *səʿād*-please *ləḇāḇəḵā*, and-*hitmahmhû* until-*nəṭôt* the-*yôm*; and *wayyōḵəlû* *šənêhem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaškēm*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he rose early",
"*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the morning",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day",
"*lāleket*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to go",
"*wayyōmer*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʾăḇî*": "masculine singular construct - father of",
"*naʿărâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the young woman",
"*səʿād*": "imperative, masculine singular - sustain/strengthen",
"*ləḇāḇəḵā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart",
"*hitmahmhû*": "imperative, masculine plural - linger/delay",
"*nəṭôt*": "infinitive construct - declining of",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day",
"*wayyōḵəlû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they ate",
"*šənêhem*": "numeral + 3rd masculine plural suffix - both of them"
},
"variants": {
"*səʿād* *ləḇāḇəḵā*": "strengthen your heart/refresh yourself/eat something",
"*hitmahmhû*": "linger/delay/tarry",
"*nəṭôt* *ha-yôm*": "declining of the day/afternoon/day's end"
}
}
9{
"verseID": "Judges.19.9",
"source": "וַיָּ֤קָם הָאִישׁ֙ לָלֶ֔כֶת ה֥וּא וּפִילַגְשׁ֖וֹ וְנַעֲר֑וֹ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֣וֹ חֹתְנ֣וֹ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֡ה הִנֵּ֣ה נָא֩ רָפָ֨ה הַיּ֜וֹם לַעֲרֹ֗ב לִֽינוּ־נָ֞א הִנֵּ֨ה חֲנ֤וֹת הַיּוֹם֙ לִ֥ין פֹּה֙ וְיִיטַ֣ב לְבָבֶ֔ךָ וְהִשְׁכַּמְתֶּ֤ם מָחָר֙ לְדַרְכְּכֶ֔ם וְהָלַכְתָּ֖ לְאֹהָלֶֽךָ׃",
"text": "And *wayyāqām* the-*ʾîš* *lāleket*, he and-*pîlagšô* and-*naʿărô*; and *wayyōmer* to-him *ḥōtənô* *ʾăḇî* the-*naʿărâ* behold please *rāp̄â* the-*yôm* to-*laʿărōḇ*, *lînû*-please behold *ḥănôt* the-*yôm*, *lîn* here and-*yîṭaḇ* *ləḇāḇeḵā*, and-*hiškamətem* tomorrow *lədarəkəḵem* and-*hālaḵtā* to-*ʾōhāleḵā*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāqām*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he arose",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the man",
"*lāleket*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to go",
"*pîlagšô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his concubine",
"*naʿărô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servant",
"*wayyōmer*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*ḥōtənô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father-in-law",
"*ʾăḇî*": "masculine singular construct - father of",
"*naʿărâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the young woman",
"*rāp̄â*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it has weakened/declined",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day",
"*laʿărōḇ*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to evening/to grow dark",
"*lînû*": "imperative, masculine plural - lodge/stay",
"*ḥănôt*": "infinitive construct - camping/encamping",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day",
"*lîn*": "imperative, masculine singular - lodge/stay",
"*yîṭaḇ*": "jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let it be good",
"*ləḇāḇeḵā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart",
"*hiškamətem*": "perfect, 2nd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you shall rise early",
"*lədarəkəḵem*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to your way",
"*hālaḵtā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and you shall go",
"*ʾōhāleḵā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your tent"
},
"variants": {
"*rāp̄â* *ha-yôm*": "the day is weakening/declining/drawing to a close",
"*laʿărōḇ*": "toward evening/to grow dark",
"*ḥănôt* *ha-yôm*": "the day's encampment/camping time/the day's resting",
"*yîṭaḇ* *ləḇāḇeḵā*": "let your heart be good/be happy/be content",
"*ʾōhāleḵā*": "your tent/your home/your dwelling"
}
}
10{
"verseID": "Judges.19.10",
"source": "וְלֹֽא־אָבָ֤ה הָאִישׁ֙ לָל֔וּן וַיָּ֣קָם וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ וַיָּבֹא֙ עַד־נֹ֣כַח יְב֔וּס הִ֖יא יְרוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וְעִמּ֗וֹ צֶ֤מֶד חֲמוֹרִים֙ חֲבוּשִׁ֔ים וּפִילַגְשׁ֖וֹ עִמּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And not-*ʾāḇâ* the-*ʾîš* *lālûn*, and *wayyāqām* and *wayyēlek* and *wayyāḇōʾ* until-opposite *yəḇûs* it *yərûšālaim*; and-with-him *ṣemed* *ḥămôrîm* *ḥăḇûšîm*, and-*pîlagšô* with-him.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāḇâ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was willing",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the man",
"*lālûn*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to lodge",
"*wayyāqām*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he arose",
"*wayyēlek*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went",
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came",
"*yəḇûs*": "proper noun - Jebus",
"*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem",
"*ṣemed*": "masculine singular construct - pair of",
"*ḥămôrîm*": "masculine plural noun - donkeys",
"*ḥăḇûšîm*": "masculine plural passive participle - saddled",
"*pîlagšô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his concubine"
},
"variants": {
"*lōʾ-ʾāḇâ*": "he was not willing/he refused",
"*nōḵaḥ*": "opposite/in front of/facing",
"*ḥăḇûšîm*": "saddled/equipped/bound"
}
}
11{
"verseID": "Judges.19.11",
"source": "הֵ֣ם עִם־יְב֔וּס וְהַיּ֖וֹם רַ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הַנַּ֜עַר אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֗יו לְכָה־נָּ֛א וְנָס֛וּרָה אֶל־עִֽיר־הַיְבוּסִ֥י הַזֹּ֖את וְנָלִ֥ין בָּֽהּ׃",
"text": "They with-*yəḇûs* and-the-*yôm* *rad* very; and *wayyōmer* the-*naʿar* to-*ʾădōnāyw* come-please and-*nāsûrâ* to-city-of-the-*yəḇûsî* this and-*nālîn* in-it.",
"grammar": {
"*yəḇûs*": "proper noun - Jebus",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day",
"*rad*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - gone down/descended",
"*wayyōmer*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*naʿar*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the servant",
"*ʾădōnāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his master",
"*nāsûrâ*": "cohortative, 1st common plural - let us turn aside",
"*yəḇûsî*": "proper adjective with definite article - the Jebusite",
"*nālîn*": "cohortative, 1st common plural - let us lodge"
},
"variants": {
"*rad* *məʾōd*": "gone down much/far spent/very low",
"*nāsûrâ*": "let us turn aside/let us go to/let us enter",
"*nālîn*": "let us lodge/let us stay/let us spend the night"
}
}
12{
"verseID": "Judges.19.12",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ אֲדֹנָ֔יו לֹ֤א נָסוּר֙ אֶל־עִ֣יר נָכְרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־מִבְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הֵ֑נָּה וְעָבַ֖רְנוּ עַד־גִּבְעָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyōmer* to-him *ʾădōnāyw* not *nāsûr* to-city *nāḵərî* which not-from-sons-of *yiśrāʾēl* they; and-*ʿāḇarnû* until-*giḇəʿâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōmer*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʾădōnāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his master",
"*nāsûr*": "imperfect, 1st common plural - we will turn aside",
"*nāḵərî*": "masculine singular adjective - foreign/strange",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʿāḇarnû*": "perfect, 1st common plural with waw consecutive - and we will pass over",
"*giḇəʿâ*": "proper noun - Gibeah"
},
"variants": {
"*nāḵərî*": "foreign/strange/alien",
"*ʿāḇarnû*": "we will pass over/we will continue to/we will go on to"
}
}
13{
"verseID": "Judges.19.13",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְנַעֲר֔וֹ לְךָ֥ וְנִקְרְבָ֖ה בְּאַחַ֣ד הַמְּקֹמ֑וֹת וְלַ֥נּוּ בַגִּבְעָ֖ה א֥וֹ בָרָמָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyōmer* to-*naʿărô* go and-*niqrəḇâ* in-one-of the-*məqōmôt*; and-*lannû* in-the-*giḇəʿâ* or in-the-*rāmâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōmer*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*naʿărô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servant",
"*niqrəḇâ*": "cohortative, 1st common plural - let us draw near",
"*məqōmôt*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the places",
"*lannû*": "perfect, 1st common plural with waw consecutive - and we will lodge",
"*giḇəʿâ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Gibeah",
"*rāmâ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Ramah"
},
"variants": {
"*niqrəḇâ*": "let us draw near/let us approach/let us come to",
"*məqōmôt*": "places/locations/towns"
}
}
14{
"verseID": "Judges.19.14",
"source": "וַיַּעַבְר֖וּ וַיֵּלֵ֑כוּ וַתָּבֹ֤א לָהֶם֙ הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ אֵ֥צֶל הַגִּבְעָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְבִנְיָמִֽן׃",
"text": "And *wayyaʿaḇrû* and *wayyēlēḵû*; and *wattāḇōʾ* to-them the-*šemeš* beside the-*giḇəʿâ* which to-*ḇinyāmin*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿaḇrû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they passed on",
"*wayyēlēḵû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they went",
"*wattāḇōʾ*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it came",
"*šemeš*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sun",
"*giḇəʿâ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Gibeah",
"*ḇinyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin"
},
"variants": {
"*wattāḇōʾ* *lāhem* *ha-šemeš*": "and the sun went down on them/and the sun set for them",
"*ʾēṣel*": "beside/near/close to"
}
}
15{
"verseID": "Judges.19.15",
"source": "וַיָּסֻ֣רוּ שָׁ֔ם לָב֖וֹא לָל֣וּן בַּגִּבְעָ֑ה וַיָּבֹ֗א וַיֵּ֙שֶׁב֙ בִּרְח֣וֹב הָעִ֔יר וְאֵ֥ין אִ֛ישׁ מְאַסֵּֽף־אוֹתָ֥ם הַבַּ֖יְתָה לָלֽוּן׃",
"text": "*wə-yāsûrû* there *lābôʾ* *lālûn* in-the-*Gibʿāh* *wə-yābōʾ* *wə-yêšeb* in-*rəḥôb* the-*ʿîr* *wə-ʾên* *ʾîš* *məʾassêp*-them the-*baytāh* *lālûn*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yāsûrû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they turned aside",
"*lābôʾ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to come/enter",
"*lālûn*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to lodge/spend the night",
"*Gibʿāh*": "proper noun with locative-he - in Gibeah",
"*wə-yābōʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he came/entered",
"*wə-yêšeb*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he sat/dwelt",
"*rəḥôb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - open place/square/street",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city",
"*wə-ʾên*": "conjunction + particle of negation - and there was not",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*məʾassêp*": "piel participle masculine singular - gathering/taking in",
"*baytāh*": "noun, masculine singular with directional he - to the house",
"*lālûn*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to lodge/spend the night"
},
"variants": {
"*yāsûrû*": "turned aside/diverted/departed",
"*lābôʾ*": "to come/enter/go in",
"*lālûn*": "to lodge/spend the night/stay",
"*rəḥôb*": "open place/square/broad street",
"*məʾassêp*": "gathering/taking in/receiving"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "Judges.19.16",
"source": "וְהִנֵּ֣ה ׀ אִ֣ישׁ זָקֵ֗ן בָּ֣א מִֽן־מַעֲשֵׂ֤הוּ מִן־הַשָּׂדֶה֙ בָּעֶ֔רֶב וְהָאִישׁ֙ מֵהַ֣ר אֶפְרַ֔יִם וְהוּא־גָ֖ר בַּגִּבְעָ֑ה וְאַנְשֵׁ֥י הַמָּק֖וֹם בְּנֵ֥י יְמִינִֽי׃",
"text": "*wə-hinnēh* *ʾîš* *zāqēn* *bāʾ* from-*maʿăśēhû* from-the-*śādeh* in-the-*ʿereb* *wə-hāʾîš* from-*har* *ʾEprayim* *wə-hûʾ*-*gār* in-the-*Gibʿāh* *wə-ʾanšê* the-*māqôm* *bənê* *Yəmînî*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-hinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*zāqēn*": "adjective, masculine singular - old",
"*bāʾ*": "qal participle masculine singular - coming",
"*maʿăśēhû*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person suffix - his work",
"*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field",
"*ʿereb*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the evening",
"*wə-hāʾîš*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and the man",
"*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct with definite article - mount of",
"*ʾEprayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim",
"*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction + independent personal pronoun 3rd masculine singular - and he",
"*gār*": "qal participle masculine singular - sojourning/dwelling temporarily",
"*Gibʿāh*": "proper noun with definite article - in Gibeah",
"*wə-ʾanšê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and men of",
"*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the place",
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*Yəmînî*": "proper noun - Benjaminites (sons of the right hand)"
},
"variants": {
"*zāqēn*": "old/elderly/aged",
"*bāʾ*": "coming/arriving/entering",
"*maʿăśēhû*": "his work/labor/occupation",
"*gār*": "sojourning/dwelling temporarily/residing as an alien",
"*māqôm*": "place/location/region",
"*Yəmînî*": "Benjaminites/right-hand ones"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Judges.19.17",
"source": "וַיִּשָּׂ֣א עֵינָ֗יו וַיַּ֛רְא אֶת־הָאִ֥ישׁ הָאֹרֵ֖חַ בִּרְחֹ֣ב הָעִ֑יר וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הָאִ֧ישׁ הַזָּקֵ֛ן אָ֥נָה תֵלֵ֖ךְ וּמֵאַ֥יִן תָּבֽוֹא׃",
"text": "*wə-yiśśāʾ* *ʿênāyw* *wə-yarʾ* *ʾet*-the-*ʾîš* the-*ʾōrēaḥ* in-*rəḥōb* the-*ʿîr* *wə-yōʾmer* the-*ʾîš* the-*zāqēn* *ʾānāh* *tēlēk* *û-mēʾayin* *tābôʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yiśśāʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he lifted up",
"*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eyes",
"*wə-yarʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he saw",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man",
"*ʾōrēaḥ*": "participle/noun, masculine singular with definite article - the traveler/wayfarer",
"*rəḥōb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - open place/square/street of",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man",
"*zāqēn*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the old",
"*ʾānāh*": "interrogative adverb - where/whither",
"*tēlēk*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you go",
"*û-mēʾayin*": "conjunction + preposition + interrogative adverb - and from where",
"*tābôʾ*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you come"
},
"variants": {
"*yiśśāʾ*": "lifted up/raised/carried",
"*yarʾ*": "saw/observed/noticed",
"*ʾōrēaḥ*": "traveler/wayfarer/visitor/guest",
"*rəḥōb*": "open place/square/broad street",
"*ʾānāh*": "where/whither/to what place",
"*tēlēk*": "you go/walk/travel",
"*tābôʾ*": "you come/enter/arrive"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Judges.19.18",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו עֹבְרִ֨ים אֲנַ֜חְנוּ מִבֵּֽית־לֶ֣חֶם יְהוּדָה֮ עַד־יַרְכְּתֵ֣י הַר־אֶפְרַיִם֒ מִשָּׁ֣ם אָנֹ֔כִי וָאֵלֵ֕ךְ עַד־בֵּ֥ית לֶ֖חֶם יְהוּדָ֑ה וְאֶת־בֵּ֤ית יְהוָה֙ אֲנִ֣י הֹלֵ֔ךְ וְאֵ֣ין אִ֔ישׁ מְאַסֵּ֥ף אוֹתִ֖י הַבָּֽיְתָה׃",
"text": "*wə-yōʾmer* to-him *ʿōbrîm* *ʾănaḥnû* from-*Bêt-leḥem* *Yəhûdāh* until-*yarkətê* *har*-*ʾEprayim* from-there *ʾānōkî* *wā-ʾēlēk* until-*Bêt leḥem* *Yəhûdāh* *wə-ʾet*-*bêt* *YHWH* *ʾănî* *hōlēk* *wə-ʾên* *ʾîš* *məʾassēp* me the-*baytāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʿōbrîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - passing over/crossing",
"*ʾănaḥnû*": "1st person plural personal pronoun - we",
"*Bêt-leḥem*": "proper noun, construct - Bethlehem (house of bread)",
"*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*yarkətê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - remote parts/innermost parts",
"*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of",
"*ʾEprayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim",
"*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular personal pronoun - I",
"*wā-ʾēlēk*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I went",
"*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular personal pronoun - I",
"*hōlēk*": "qal participle masculine singular - going",
"*wə-ʾên*": "conjunction + particle of negation - and there is not",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*məʾassēp*": "piel participle masculine singular - gathering/taking in",
"*baytāh*": "noun, masculine singular with directional he - to the house"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿōbrîm*": "passing over/crossing/traveling",
"*yarkətê*": "remote parts/innermost parts/far reaches",
"*wā-ʾēlēk*": "I went/traveled/journeyed",
"*hōlēk*": "going/walking/traveling",
"*məʾassēp*": "gathering/taking in/receiving"
}
}