39 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.39",
"source": "וַיֵּ֣צֵא גַ֔עַל לִפְנֵ֖י בַּעֲלֵ֣י שְׁכֶ֑ם וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם בַּאֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃",
"text": "And-*wayyēṣēʾ* *gaʿal* before-*bāʿălēy* *šəḵem* and-*wayyillāḥēm* against-*baʾăḇîmeleḵ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēṣēʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he went out",
"*gaʿal*": "proper name - Gaal",
"*bāʿălēy*": "masculine plural construct - leaders/citizens of",
"*šəḵem*": "place name - Shechem",
"*wayyillāḥēm*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect 3ms - and he fought",
"*baʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "preposition + proper name - against Abimelech"
},
"variants": {
"*bāʿălēy*": "leaders/citizens/men/lords of"
}
}
40 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.40",
"source": "וַיִּרְדְּפֵ֣הוּ אֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ וַיָּ֖נָס מִפָּנָ֑יו וַֽיִּפְּל֛וּ חֲלָלִ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים עַד־פֶּ֥תַח הַשָּֽׁעַר׃",
"text": "And-*wayyirddəpēhû* *ʾăḇîmeleḵ* and-*wayyānās* from-before-him and-*wayyippəlû* *ḥălālîm* *rabbîm* until-*peṯaḥ* the-*šāʿar*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyirddəpēhû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms with 3ms suffix - and he pursued him",
"*ʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "proper name - Abimelech",
"*wayyānās*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he fled",
"*wayyippəlû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they fell",
"*ḥălālîm*": "masculine plural - slain/wounded",
"*rabbîm*": "masculine plural - many",
"*peṯaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - entrance of",
"*šāʿar*": "masculine singular with definite article - the gate"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥălālîm*": "slain/wounded/casualties"
}
}
41 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.41",
"source": "וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב אֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְ בָּארוּמָ֑ה וַיְגָ֧רֶשׁ זְבֻ֛ל אֶת־גַּ֥עַל וְאֶת־אֶחָ֖יו מִשֶּׁ֥בֶת בִּשְׁכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And-*wayyēšeḇ* *ʾăḇîmeleḵ* in-*bāʾărûmāh* and-*wayəḡāreš* *zəḇul* *ʾet*-*gaʿal* and-*ʾet*-*ʾeḥāyw* from-*mišeḇeṯ* in-*bišəḵem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēšeḇ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he remained/dwelt",
"*ʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "proper name - Abimelech",
"*bāʾărûmāh*": "preposition + place name - in Arumah",
"*wayəḡāreš*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect 3ms - and he drove out",
"*zəḇul*": "proper name - Zebul",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*gaʿal*": "proper name - Gaal",
"*ʾeḥāyw*": "masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his brothers",
"*mišeḇeṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from dwelling",
"*bišəḵem*": "preposition + place name - in Shechem"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾărûmāh*": "place name - Arumah (location near Shechem)"
}
}
42 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.42",
"source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיֵּצֵ֥א הָעָ֖ם הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה וַיַּגִּ֖דוּ לַאֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃",
"text": "And-*wayəhî* on-the-*mimmāḥŏrāṯ* and-*wayyēṣēʾ* the-*ʿām* to-the-*śāḏeh* and-*wayyaggîḏû* to-*laʾăḇîmeleḵ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and it happened",
"*mimmāḥŏrāṯ*": "preposition + feminine singular - on the next day",
"*wayyēṣēʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he/it went out",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people/troops",
"*śāḏeh*": "masculine singular with definite article - the field/countryside",
"*wayyaggîḏû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3mp - and they told",
"*laʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "preposition + proper name - to Abimelech"
},
"variants": {
"*mimmāḥŏrāṯ*": "on the next day/the following day"
}
}
43 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.43",
"source": "וַיִקַּ֣ח אֶת־הָעָ֗ם וַֽיֶּחֱצֵם֙ לִשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה רָאשִׁ֔ים וַיֶּאֱרֹ֖ב בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה וַיַּ֗רְא וְהִנֵּ֤ה הָעָם֙ יֹצֵ֣א מִן־הָעִ֔יר וַיָּ֥קָם עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם וַיַּכֵּֽם׃",
"text": "And-*wayyiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-the-*ʿām* and-*wayeḥĕṣēm* into-three *rāʾšîm* and-*wayeʾĕrōḇ* in-the-*śāḏeh* and-*wayyarʾ* and-*hinnēh* the-*ʿām* *yōṣēʾ* from-the-*ʿîr* and-*wayyāqām* against-them and-*wayyakkēm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he took",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people/troops",
"*wayeḥĕṣēm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms with 3mp suffix - and he divided them",
"*rāʾšîm*": "masculine plural - heads/companies/divisions",
"*wayeʾĕrōḇ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he laid in ambush",
"*śāḏeh*": "masculine singular with definite article - the field",
"*wayyarʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he saw",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people",
"*yōṣēʾ*": "qal participle masculine singular - going out",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*wayyāqām*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he rose up",
"*wayyakkēm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms with 3mp suffix - and he struck them"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʾšîm*": "heads/companies/divisions/bands"
}
}
44 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.44",
"source": "וַאֲבִימֶ֗לֶךְ וְהָרָאשִׁים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עִמּ֔וֹ פָּשְׁט֕וּ וַיַּ֣עַמְד֔וּ פֶּ֖תַח שַׁ֣עַר הָעִ֑יר וּשְׁנֵ֣י הֽ͏ָרָאשִׁ֗ים פָּ֥שְׁט֛וּ עַֽל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּשָּׂדֶ֖ה וַיַּכּֽוּם׃",
"text": "And-*waʾăḇîmeleḵ* and-the-*rāʾšîm* that with-him *pāšəṭû* and-*wayyaʿamḏû* *peṯaḥ* *šaʿar* the-*ʿîr* and-two the-*hārāʾšîm* *pāšəṭû* against-all-that in-the-*śāḏeh* and-*wayyakkûm*.",
"grammar": {
"*waʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "conjunction + proper name - and Abimelech",
"*rāʾšîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - the heads/companies",
"*pāšəṭû*": "qal perfect 3mp - they rushed/raided",
"*wayyaʿamḏû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they stood",
"*peṯaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - entrance of",
"*šaʿar*": "masculine singular construct - gate of",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*hārāʾšîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - the heads/companies",
"*pāšəṭû*": "qal perfect 3mp - they rushed/raided",
"*śāḏeh*": "masculine singular with definite article - the field",
"*wayyakkûm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3mp with 3mp suffix - and they struck them"
},
"variants": {
"*pāšəṭû*": "rushed/raided/spread out against",
"*rāʾšîm*": "heads/companies/divisions/bands"
}
}
45 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.45",
"source": "וַאֲבִימֶ֜לֶךְ נִלְחָ֣ם בָּעִ֗יר כֹּ֚ל הַיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וַיִּלְכֹּד֙ אֶת־הָעִ֔יר וְאֶת־הָעָ֥ם אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֖הּ הָרָ֑ג וַיִּתֹּץ֙ אֶת־הָעִ֔יר וַיִּזְרָעֶ֖הָ מֶֽלַח׃ פ",
"text": "And-*waʾăḇîmeleḵ* *nilḥām* against-the-*ʿîr* all the-*yôm* the-that and-*wayyilkōḏ* *ʾet*-the-*ʿîr* and-*ʾet*-the-*ʿām* that-in-her *hārāḡ* and-*wayyittōṣ* *ʾet*-the-*ʿîr* and-*wayyizrāʿehā* *melaḥ*.",
"grammar": {
"*waʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "conjunction + proper name - and Abimelech",
"*nilḥām*": "niphal perfect 3ms - he fought",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular with definite article - the day",
"*wayyilkōḏ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he captured",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - the people",
"*hārāḡ*": "qal perfect 3ms - he killed",
"*wayyittōṣ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he tore down",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*wayyizrāʿehā*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms with 3fs suffix - and he sowed it",
"*melaḥ*": "masculine singular - salt"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyizrāʿehā melaḥ*": "sowed it with salt (symbolic act of making land infertile/cursed)"
}
}
46 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.46",
"source": "וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֔וּ כָּֽל־בַּעֲלֵ֖י מִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶ֑ם וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ אֶל־צְרִ֔יחַ בֵּ֖ית אֵ֥ל בְּרִֽית׃",
"text": "And-*wayyišməʿû* all-*baʿălēy* *miḡdal*-*šəḵem* and-*wayyāḇōʾû* to-*ṣərîaḥ* *bêṯ* *ʾēl* *bərîṯ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišməʿû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they heard",
"*baʿălēy*": "masculine plural construct - citizens of",
"*miḡdal*": "masculine singular construct - tower of",
"*šəḵem*": "place name - Shechem",
"*wayyāḇōʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they entered",
"*ṣərîaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - stronghold/fortress of",
"*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct - house of",
"*ʾēl*": "masculine singular construct - god of",
"*bərîṯ*": "feminine singular - covenant"
},
"variants": {
"*miḡdal-šəḵem*": "tower of Shechem (likely a fortress near the city)",
"*ṣərîaḥ*": "stronghold/fortress/crypt",
"*bêṯ ʾēl bərîṯ*": "house of El-Berith/temple of the covenant god"
}
}
47 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.47",
"source": "וַיֻּגַּ֖ד לַאֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ כִּ֣י הִֽתְקַבְּצ֔וּ כָּֽל־בַּעֲלֵ֖י מִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And-*wayyuggaḏ* to-*laʾăḇîmeleḵ* that *hiṯqabbəṣû* all-*baʿălēy* *miḡdal*-*šəḵem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyuggaḏ*": "waw consecutive + hophal imperfect 3ms - and it was told",
"*laʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "preposition + proper name - to Abimelech",
"*hiṯqabbəṣû*": "hithpael perfect 3cp - they had gathered themselves",
"*baʿălēy*": "masculine plural construct - citizens of",
"*miḡdal*": "masculine singular construct - tower of",
"*šəḵem*": "place name - Shechem"
},
"variants": {
"*hiṯqabbəṣû*": "gathered themselves/assembled together",
"*baʿălēy*": "citizens/leaders/lords of"
}
}
48 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.48",
"source": "וַיַּ֨עַל אֲבִימֶ֜לֶךְ הַר־צַלְמ֗וֹן הוּא֮ וְכָל־הָעָ֣ם אֲשֶׁר־אִתּוֹ֒ וַיִּקַּח֩ אֲבִימֶ֨לֶךְ אֶת־הַקַּרְדֻּמּ֜וֹת בְּיָד֗וֹ וַיִּכְרֹת֙ שׂוֹכַ֣ת עֵצִ֔ים וַיִּ֨שָּׂאֶ֔הָ וַיָּ֖שֶׂם עַל־שִׁכְמ֑וֹ וַיֹּ֜אמֶר אֶל־הָעָ֣ם אֲשֶׁר־עִמּ֗וֹ מָ֤ה רְאִיתֶם֙ עָשִׂ֔יתִי מַהֲר֖וּ עֲשׂ֥וּ כָמֽוֹנִי",
"text": "*wə-yaʿal* *ʾăbîmelek* *har-ṣalmôn* *hûʾ* *wə-kol-hāʿām* *ʾăšer-ʾittô* *wə-yiqqaḥ* *ʾăbîmelek* *ʾet-haqqardummôt* *bə-yādô* *wə-yikrōt* *śôkat* *ʿēṣîm* *wə-yiśśāʾehā* *wə-yāśem* *ʿal-šikmô* *wə-yōʾmer* *ʾel-hāʿām* *ʾăšer-ʿimmô* *māh* *rəʾîtem* *ʿāśîtî* *mahărû* *ʿăśû* *kāmônî*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yaʿal*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went up",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech",
"*har-ṣalmôn*": "noun construct + proper noun - mount Zalmon",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he",
"*wə-kol-hāʿām*": "waw conjunction + noun construct + definite article + noun - and all the people",
"*ʾăšer-ʾittô*": "relative pronoun + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - who [were] with him",
"*wə-yiqqaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took",
"*ʾet-haqqardummôt*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun feminine plural - the axes",
"*bə-yādô*": "preposition + noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his hand",
"*wə-yikrōt*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he cut",
"*śôkat*": "noun feminine singular construct - branch of",
"*ʿēṣîm*": "noun masculine plural - trees",
"*wə-yiśśāʾehā*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he lifted it",
"*wə-yāśem*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he placed",
"*ʿal-šikmô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - on his shoulder",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʾel-hāʿām*": "preposition + definite article + noun - to the people",
"*ʾăšer-ʿimmô*": "relative pronoun + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - who [were] with him",
"*māh*": "interrogative pronoun - what",
"*rəʾîtem*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have seen",
"*ʿāśîtî*": "Qal perfect 1st common singular - I have done",
"*mahărû*": "Piel imperative masculine plural - hurry",
"*ʿăśû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - do",
"*kāmônî*": "preposition + 1st common singular suffix - like me"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿal*": "go up/ascend/climb",
"*har*": "mountain/hill",
"*ṣalmôn*": "proper name - Zalmon (possibly meaning 'dark' or 'shady')",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation/troops",
"*yiqqaḥ*": "take/grasp/fetch",
"*qardummôt*": "axes/hatchets",
"*yikrōt*": "cut/cut down/cut off",
"*śôkat*": "branch/bough",
"*ʿēṣîm*": "trees/wood/timber",
"*yiśśāʾehā*": "lift/carry/bear",
"*yāśem*": "put/place/set",
"*šikmô*": "shoulder/back",
"*mahărû*": "hurry/hasten/make haste"
}
}
49 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.49",
"source": "וַיִּכְרְת֨וּ גַם־כָּל־הָעָ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ שׂוֹכֹ֗ה וַיֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ אַחֲרֵ֤י אֲבִימֶ֙לֶךְ֙ וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ עַֽל־הַצְּרִ֔יחַ וַיַּצִּ֧יתוּ עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם אֶֽת־הַצְּרִ֖יחַ בָּאֵ֑שׁ וַיָּמֻ֜תוּ גַּ֣ם כָּל־אַנְשֵׁ֧י מִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶ֛ם כְּאֶ֖לֶף אִ֥ישׁ וְאִשָּֽׁה",
"text": "*wə-yikrətû* *gam-kol-hāʿām* *ʾîš* *śôkōh* *wə-yēləkû* *ʾaḥărê* *ʾăbîmelek* *wə-yāśîmû* *ʿal-haṣṣərîaḥ* *wə-yaṣṣîtû* *ʿălêhem* *ʾet-haṣṣərîaḥ* *bā-ʾēš* *wə-yāmutû* *gam* *kol-ʾanšê* *migdal-šəkem* *kə-ʾelep* *ʾîš* *wə-ʾiššāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yikrətû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they cut",
"*gam-kol-hāʿām*": "conjunction + noun construct + definite article + noun - also all the people",
"*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - each man",
"*śôkōh*": "noun feminine singular + directional he - branch",
"*wə-yēləkû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they went",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech",
"*wə-yāśîmû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they placed",
"*ʿal-haṣṣərîaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - against the stronghold",
"*wə-yaṣṣîtû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they set on fire",
"*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them",
"*ʾet-haṣṣərîaḥ*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun masculine singular - the stronghold",
"*bā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - with the fire",
"*wə-yāmutû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they died",
"*gam*": "conjunction - also",
"*kol-ʾanšê*": "noun construct + noun masculine plural construct - all men of",
"*migdal-šəkem*": "noun masculine singular construct + proper noun - tower of Shechem",
"*kə-ʾelep*": "preposition + cardinal number - about a thousand",
"*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - men",
"*wə-ʾiššāh*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular - and women"
},
"variants": {
"*yikrətû*": "cut/cut down/cut off",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation/troops",
"*ʾîš*": "man/each one/each person",
"*śôkōh*": "branch/bough",
"*yēləkû*": "go/walk/follow",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "after/behind/following",
"*yāśîmû*": "put/place/set",
"*ṣərîaḥ*": "stronghold/fortress/tower",
"*yaṣṣîtû*": "kindle/set on fire/burn",
"*ʾēš*": "fire/flame",
"*yāmutû*": "die/perish",
"*ʾanšê*": "men/people/inhabitants",
"*migdal*": "tower/fortress",
"*ʾelep*": "thousand/unit/clan"
}
}
50 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.50",
"source": "וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ אֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְ אֶל־תֵּבֵ֑ץ וַיִּ֥חַן בְּתֵבֵ֖ץ וַֽיִּלְכְּדָֽהּ",
"text": "*wə-yēlek* *ʾăbîmelek* *ʾel-tēbēṣ* *wə-yiḥan* *bə-tēbēṣ* *wə-yilkədāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yēlek*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech",
"*ʾel-tēbēṣ*": "preposition + proper noun - to Thebez",
"*wə-yiḥan*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he encamped",
"*bə-tēbēṣ*": "preposition + proper noun - in Thebez",
"*wə-yilkədāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he captured it"
},
"variants": {
"*yēlek*": "go/walk/proceed",
"*tēbēṣ*": "proper name - Thebez (possibly meaning 'brightness')",
"*yiḥan*": "encamp/camp/pitch tent",
"*yilkədāh*": "capture/seize/take"
}
}