Judg 9:5-9 : 5 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.5",
"source": "וַיָּבֹא בֵית־אָבִיו עָפְרָתָה וַיַּהֲרֹג אֶת־אֶחָיו בְּנֵי־יְרֻבַּעַל שִׁבְּעִים אִישׁ עַל־אֶבֶן אֶחָת וַיִּוָּתֵר יוֹתָם בֶּן־יְרֻבַּעַל הַקָּטֹן כִּי נֶחְבָּא",
"text": "*wa-yābōʾ* *bêt*-*ʾābîw* *ʿoprātāh* *wa-yaharōg* *ʾet*-*ʾeḥāyw* *bənê*-*yərubbaʿal* *šibʿîm* *ʾîš* *ʿal*-*ʾeben* *ʾeḥāt* *wa-yiwwātēr* *yôtām* *ben*-*yərubbaʿal* *ha-qqāṭōn* *kî* *neḥbāʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he came",
"*bêt*": "construct noun, masculine singular - house of",
"*ʾābîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3ms possessive suffix - his father",
"*ʿoprātāh*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Ophrah",
"*wa-yaharōg*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he killed",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾeḥāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3ms possessive suffix - his brothers",
"*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - sons of",
"*yərubbaʿal*": "proper noun, masculine - Jerubbaal",
"*šibʿîm*": "cardinal number - seventy",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon",
"*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone",
"*ʾeḥāt*": "cardinal number, feminine singular - one",
"*wa-yiwwātēr*": "Niphal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he remained",
"*yôtām*": "proper noun, masculine - Jotham",
"*ben*": "construct noun, masculine singular - son of",
"*yərubbaʿal*": "proper noun, masculine - Jerubbaal",
"*ha-qqāṭōn*": "article with adjective, masculine singular - the youngest",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because/for",
"*neḥbāʾ*": "Niphal perfect 3ms - he hid himself"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-yaharōg*": "and he killed/slaughtered/murdered",
"*ʿal*-*ʾeben* *ʾeḥāt*": "on one stone/upon a single stone (execution method)",
"*ha-qqāṭōn*": "the youngest/smallest/least significant"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.6",
"source": "וַיֵּאָסְפוּ כָּל־בַּעֲלֵי שְׁכֶם וְכָל־בֵּית מִלּוֹא וַיֵּלְכוּ וַיַּמְלִיכוּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶלֶךְ לְמֶלֶךְ עִם־אֵלוֹן מֻצָּב אֲשֶׁר בִּשְׁכֶם",
"text": "*wa-yēʾāsəpû* *kol*-*baʿălê* *šəkem* *wə-kol*-*bêt* *millôʾ* *wa-yēləkû* *wa-yamlikû* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek* *lə-melek* *ʿim*-*ʾēlôn* *muṣṣāb* *ʾăšer* *bi-šəkem*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yēʾāsəpû*": "Niphal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they gathered",
"*kol*": "construct noun - all of",
"*baʿălê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - lords/citizens of",
"*šəkem*": "proper noun - Shechem",
"*wə-kol*": "conjunction with construct noun - and all of",
"*bêt*": "construct noun, masculine singular - house of",
"*millôʾ*": "proper noun - Millo",
"*wa-yēləkû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they went",
"*wa-yamlikû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they made king",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech",
"*lə-melek*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - as king",
"*ʿim*": "preposition - with/by",
"*ʾēlôn*": "noun, masculine singular - oak/terebinth",
"*muṣṣāb*": "Hophal participle, masculine singular - erected/set up",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*bi-šəkem*": "preposition with proper noun - in Shechem"
},
"variants": {
"*millôʾ*": "Millo (proper name of a place/fortress)",
"*ʾēlôn* *muṣṣāb*": "oak/terebinth pillar/monument/standing stone"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.7",
"source": "וַיַּגִּדוּ לְיוֹתָם וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיַּעֲמֹד בְּרֹאשׁ הַר־גְּרִזִים וַיִּשָּׂא קוֹלוֹ וַיִּקְרָא וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם שִׁמְעוּ אֵלַי בַּעֲלֵי שְׁכֶם וְיִשְׁמַע אֲלֵיכֶם אֱלֹהִים",
"text": "*wa-yaggidû* *lə-yôtām* *wa-yēlek* *wa-yaʿămōd* *bə-rōʾš* *har*-*gərizzîm* *wa-yiśśāʾ* *qôlô* *wa-yiqrāʾ* *wa-yōʾmer* *lāhem* *šimʿû* *ʾēlay* *baʿălê* *šəkem* *wə-yišmaʿ* *ʾălêkem* *ʾĕlōhîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yaggidû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they told",
"*lə-yôtām*": "preposition with proper noun - to Jotham",
"*wa-yēlek*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he went",
"*wa-yaʿămōd*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he stood",
"*bə-rōʾš*": "preposition with construct noun, masculine singular - on top of",
"*har*": "construct noun, masculine singular - mountain of",
"*gərizzîm*": "proper noun - Gerizim",
"*wa-yiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he lifted",
"*qôlô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3ms possessive suffix - his voice",
"*wa-yiqrāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he called",
"*wa-yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them",
"*šimʿû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - listen",
"*ʾēlay*": "preposition with 1cs suffix - to me",
"*baʿălê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - lords/citizens of",
"*šəkem*": "proper noun - Shechem",
"*wə-yišmaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with conjunction - and may he listen",
"*ʾălêkem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - to you",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-yiśśāʾ* *qôlô*": "lifted up his voice (idiom for speaking loudly)",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.8",
"source": "הָלוֹךְ הָלְכוּ הָעֵצִים לִמְשֹׁחַ עֲלֵיהֶם מֶלֶךְ וַיֹּאמְרוּ לַזַּיִת מָלְכָה עָלֵינוּ",
"text": "*hālôk* *hāləkû* *hā-ʿēṣîm* *li-mšōaḥ* *ʿălêhem* *melek* *wa-yōʾmərû* *la-zzayit* *molkāh* *ʿālênû*",
"grammar": {
"*hālôk*": "Qal infinitive absolute - going",
"*hāləkû*": "Qal perfect 3cp - they went",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees",
"*li-mšōaḥ*": "preposition with Qal infinitive construct - to anoint",
"*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - over themselves",
"*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king",
"*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said",
"*la-zzayit*": "preposition with article and noun, masculine singular - to the olive tree",
"*molkāh*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - rule (textual variant)",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us"
},
"variants": {
"*hālôk* *hāləkû*": "emphatic construction: certainly went/surely went",
"*la-zzayit*": "to the olive tree/olive tree",
"*molkāh*": "alternative form of the imperative feminine singular - reign/rule"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.9",
"source": "וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַזַּיִת הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת־דִּשְׁנִי אֲשֶׁר־בִּי יְכַבְּדוּ אֱלֹהִים וַאֲנָשִׁים וְהָלַכְתִּי לָנוּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִים",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *lāhem* *ha-zzayit* *heḥodalti* *ʾet*-*dišnî* *ʾăšer*-*bî* *yəkabbədû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wa-ʾănāšîm* *wə-hālaktî* *lānûaʿ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʿēṣîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them",
"*ha-zzayit*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the olive tree",
"*heḥodalti*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have ceased",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*dišnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my fatness",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*bî*": "preposition with 1cs suffix - in me/by me",
"*yəkabbədû*": "Piel imperfect 3mp - they honor",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God",
"*wa-ʾănāšîm*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural - and men",
"*wə-hālaktî*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 1cs - and I should go",
"*lānûaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to sway/wave",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - over",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees"
},
"variants": {
"*heḥodalti*": "I have ceased/should I cease/would I stop",
"*dišnî*": "my fatness/my oil/my richness",
"*yəkabbədû*": "they honor/glorify/respect"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.10",
"source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ הָעֵצִים לַתְּאֵנָה לְכִי־אַתְּ מָלְכִי עָלֵינוּ",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *hā-ʿēṣîm* *la-ttəʾēnāh* *ləkî*-*ʾatt* *molkî* *ʿālênû*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees",
"*la-ttəʾēnāh*": "preposition with article and noun, feminine singular - to the fig tree",
"*ləkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - come/go",
"*ʾatt*": "2fs personal pronoun - you",
"*molkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - rule",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us"
},
"variants": {
"*ləkî*-*ʾatt*": "you come/come, you"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.11",
"source": "וַתֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַתְּאֵנָה הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת־מָתְקִי וְאֶת־תְּנוּבָתִי הַטּוֹבָה וְהָלַכְתִּי לָנוּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִים",
"text": "*wa-tōʾmer* *lāhem* *ha-ttəʾēnāh* *heḥodalti* *ʾet*-*motqî* *wə-ʾet*-*tənûbātî* *ha-ṭṭôbāh* *wə-hālaktî* *lānûaʿ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʿēṣîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-tōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3fs with waw consecutive - and she said",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them",
"*ha-ttəʾēnāh*": "article with noun, feminine singular - the fig tree",
"*heḥodalti*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have ceased",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*motqî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my sweetness",
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction with direct object marker - and",
"*tənûbātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my fruit",
"*ha-ṭṭôbāh*": "article with adjective, feminine singular - the good",
"*wə-hālaktî*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 1cs - and I should go",
"*lānûaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to sway/wave",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - over",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees"
},
"variants": {
"*heḥodalti*": "I have ceased/should I cease/would I stop",
"*motqî*": "my sweetness/my good taste",
"*tənûbātî*": "my fruit/my produce"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.12",
"source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ הָעֵצִים לַגָּפֶן לְכִי־אַתְּ מָלְכִי עָלֵינוּ",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *hā-ʿēṣîm* *la-ggāpen* *ləkî*-*ʾatt* *molkî* *ʿālênû*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees",
"*la-ggāpen*": "preposition with article and noun, feminine singular - to the vine",
"*ləkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - come/go",
"*ʾatt*": "2fs personal pronoun - you",
"*molkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - rule",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us"
},
"variants": {
"*la-ggāpen*": "to the vine/grapevine"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.13",
"source": "וַתֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַגֶּפֶן הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת־תִּירוֹשִׁי הַמְשַׂמֵּחַ אֱלֹהִים וַאֲנָשִׁים וְהָלַכְתִּי לָנוּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִים",
"text": "*wa-tōʾmer* *lāhem* *ha-ggepen* *heḥodalti* *ʾet*-*tîrôšî* *ha-məśammēaḥ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wa-ʾănāšîm* *wə-hālaktî* *lānûaʿ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʿēṣîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-tōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3fs with waw consecutive - and she said",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them",
"*ha-ggepen*": "article with noun, feminine singular - the vine",
"*heḥodalti*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have ceased",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*tîrôšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my new wine",
"*ha-məśammēaḥ*": "article with Piel participle, masculine singular - the gladdening",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God",
"*wa-ʾănāšîm*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural - and men",
"*wə-hālaktî*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 1cs - and I should go",
"*lānûaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to sway/wave",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - over",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees"
},
"variants": {
"*tîrôšî*": "my new wine/my fresh wine/my juice",
"*ha-məśammēaḥ*": "that cheers/that makes glad/that brings joy to"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.14",
"source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ כָל־הָעֵצִים אֶל־הָאָטָד לֵךְ אַתָּה מְלָךְ־עָלֵינוּ",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *kol*-*hā-ʿēṣîm* *ʾel*-*hā-ʾāṭād* *lēk* *ʾattāh* *məlok*-*ʿālênû*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said",
"*kol*": "construct noun - all of",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*hā-ʾāṭād*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the bramble/thornbush",
"*lēk*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - come/go",
"*ʾattāh*": "2ms personal pronoun - you",
"*məlok*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - rule",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us"
},
"variants": {
"*hā-ʾāṭād*": "the bramble/thornbush/buckthorn"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.15",
"source": "וַיֹּאמֶר הָאָטָד אֶל־הָעֵצִים אִם בֶּאֱמֶת אַתֶּם מֹשְׁחִים אֹתִי לְמֶלֶךְ עֲלֵיכֶם בֹּאוּ חֲסוּ בְצִלִּי וְאִם־אַיִן תֵּצֵא אֵשׁ מִן־הָאָטָד וְתֹאכַל אֶת־אַרְזֵי הַלְּבָנוֹן",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *hā-ʾāṭād* *ʾel*-*hā-ʿēṣîm* *ʾim* *be-ʾĕmet* *ʾattem* *mōšḥîm* *ʾōtî* *lə-melek* *ʿălêkem* *bōʾû* *ḥăsû* *bə-ṣillî* *wə-ʾim*-*ʾayin* *tēṣēʾ* *ʾēš* *min*-*hā-ʾāṭād* *wə-tōʾkal* *ʾet*-*ʾarzê* *ha-lləbānôn*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*hā-ʾāṭād*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the bramble/thornbush",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - if",
"*be-ʾĕmet*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - in truth",
"*ʾattem*": "2mp personal pronoun - you",
"*mōšḥîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - anointing",
"*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1cs suffix - me",
"*lə-melek*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - as king",
"*ʿălêkem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - over you",
"*bōʾû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - come",
"*ḥăsû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - take refuge",
"*bə-ṣillî*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular with 1cs suffix - in my shadow",
"*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction with conjunction - and if",
"*ʾayin*": "adverb of negation - not",
"*tēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3fs - let come out",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*hā-ʾāṭād*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the bramble/thornbush",
"*wə-tōʾkal*": "conjunction with Qal imperfect 3fs - and let it devour",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾarzê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - cedars of",
"*ha-lləbānôn*": "article with proper noun - the Lebanon"
},
"variants": {
"*be-ʾĕmet*": "in truth/truly/sincerely",
"*ḥăsû* *bə-ṣillî*": "take refuge in my shadow/seek protection under me",
"*ʾarzê* *ha-lləbānôn*": "cedars of Lebanon (idiom for mighty trees/powerful entities)"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.16",
"source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה אִם־בֶּאֱמֶ֤ת וּבְתָמִים֙ עֲשִׂיתֶ֔ם וַתַּמְלִ֖יכוּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ וְאִם־טוֹבָ֤ה עֲשִׂיתֶם֙ עִם־יְרֻבַּ֣עַל וְעִם־בֵּית֔וֹ וְאִם־כִּגְמ֥וּל יָדָ֖יו עֲשִׂ֥יתֶם לֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *ʿattâ* if in-*ʾemet* and-in-*tāmîm* you-*ʿăśîtem*, and-*tamlikû* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek*, and-if-*ṭôbâ* you-*ʿăśîtem* with-*yĕrubbaʿal* and-with-*bêtô*, and-if-according-to-*gĕmûl* *yādāyw* you-*ʿăśîtem* to-him.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿattâ*": "temporal adverb - now",
"*ʾemet*": "feminine noun, singular - truth",
"*tāmîm*": "masculine noun, singular - completeness/integrity",
"*ʿăśîtem*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have done/acted",
"*tamlikû*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - you made king/crowned",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*ṭôbâ*": "feminine adjective, singular - good/goodness",
"*yĕrubbaʿal*": "proper noun - Jerubbaal (Gideon)",
"*bêtô*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 'his house'",
"*gĕmûl*": "masculine noun, singular - dealing/treatment/reward",
"*yādāyw*": "noun, dual with pronominal suffix, 'his hands'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾemet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability",
"*tāmîm*": "integrity/completeness/uprightness/innocence",
"*ʿăśîtem*": "you did/acted/performed/made",
"*tamlikû*": "you made king/enthroned/crowned",
"*ṭôbâ*": "good thing/goodness/benefit/welfare",
"*gĕmûl*": "reward/recompense/treatment/dealing"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.17",
"source": "אֲשֶׁר־נִלְחַ֥ם אָבִ֖י עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם וַיַּשְׁלֵ֤ךְ אֶת־נַפְשׁוֹ֙ מִנֶּ֔גֶד וַיַּצֵּ֥ל אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִיַּ֥ד מִדְיָֽן׃",
"text": "Who *nilḥam* my-father *ʿălêkem*, and-*yaššlēk* *ʾet*-*napšô* from-*negged*, and-*yaṣṣēl* you from-*yad* *midyān*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that",
"*nilḥam*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - fought",
"*ʾābî*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 1st person singular - my father",
"*ʿălêkem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for/on behalf of you",
"*yaššlēk*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - cast/threw",
"*napšô*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his soul/life",
"*negged*": "preposition - in front/opposite/before",
"*yaṣṣēl*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - delivered/rescued",
"*yad*": "feminine noun, construct state - hand of",
"*midyān*": "proper noun - Midian"
},
"variants": {
"*nilḥam*": "fought/waged war",
"*yaššlēk*": "cast/threw/flung/risked",
"*napšô*": "his soul/his life/himself",
"*negged*": "in front/before/opposite/facing danger",
"*yaṣṣēl*": "delivered/rescued/saved",
"*yad*": "hand/power/control"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.18",
"source": "וְאַתֶּ֞ם קַמְתֶּ֨ם עַל־בֵּ֤ית אָבִי֙ הַיּ֔וֹם וַתַּהַרְג֧וּ אֶת־בָּנָ֛יו שִׁבְעִ֥ים אִ֖ישׁ עַל־אֶ֣בֶן אֶחָ֑ת וַתַּמְלִ֜יכוּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֤לֶךְ בֶּן־אֲמָתוֹ֙ עַל־בַּעֲלֵ֣י שְׁכֶ֔ם כִּ֥י אֲחִיכֶ֖ם הֽוּא׃",
"text": "And-you *qamtem* against-*bêt* my-father *hayyôm*, and-*tahargû* *ʾet*-*bānāyw* seventy *ʾîš* upon-*ʾeben* one, and-*tamlikû* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek* son-of-*ʾămātô* over-*baʿălê* *šekem* because your-brother he.",
"grammar": {
"*qamtem*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - rose/stood up against",
"*bêt*": "noun, construct state - house of",
"*ʾābî*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 1st person singular - my father",
"*hayyôm*": "noun with definite article - the day/today",
"*tahargû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - killed/slew",
"*bānāyw*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his sons",
"*šibʿîm*": "number - seventy",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine noun, singular - man/person",
"*ʾeben*": "feminine noun, singular - stone",
"*ʾeḥāt*": "number, feminine singular - one",
"*tamlikû*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - made king",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*ben*": "masculine noun, construct state - son of",
"*ʾămātô*": "feminine noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his maidservant",
"*baʿălê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - lords/masters/citizens of",
"*šekem*": "proper noun - Shechem",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because/for/that",
"*ʾăḥîkem*": "masculine noun with pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine plural - your brother"
},
"variants": {
"*qamtem*": "rose up against/rebelled against/attacked",
"*bêt*": "house/household/family",
"*tahargû*": "killed/slew/murdered",
"*ʾîš*": "man/person/each one",
"*tamlikû*": "made king/enthroned/crowned",
"*ʾămātô*": "his maidservant/slave woman/concubine",
"*baʿălê*": "lords of/citizens of/men of"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.19",
"source": "וְאִם־בֶּאֱמֶ֨ת וּבְתָמִ֧ים עֲשִׂיתֶ֛ם עִם־יְרֻבַּ֥עַל וְעִם־בֵּית֖וֹ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה שִׂמְחוּ֙ בַּאֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְיִשְׂמַ֥ח גַּם־ה֖וּא בָּכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And-if in-*ʾemet* and-in-*tāmîm* you-*ʿăśîtem* with-*yĕrubbaʿal* and-with-*bêtô* *hayyôm* *hazzeh*, *śimḥû* in-*ʾăbîmelek* and-*yiśmaḥ* also-he in-you.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾemet*": "feminine noun, singular - truth",
"*tāmîm*": "masculine noun, singular - completeness/integrity",
"*ʿăśîtem*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have done/acted",
"*yĕrubbaʿal*": "proper noun - Jerubbaal (Gideon)",
"*bêtô*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his house",
"*hayyôm*": "noun with definite article - the day",
"*hazzeh*": "demonstrative pronoun with definite article - this",
"*śimḥû*": "verb, Qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - rejoice",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*yiśmaḥ*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will rejoice",
"*gam*": "particle - also/too/even",
"*hûʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾemet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability",
"*tāmîm*": "integrity/completeness/uprightness/innocence",
"*ʿăśîtem*": "you did/acted/performed/made",
"*śimḥû*": "rejoice/be glad/celebrate",
"*yiśmaḥ*": "he will rejoice/be glad/celebrate"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.20",
"source": "וְאִם־אַ֕יִן תֵּ֤צֵא אֵשׁ֙ מֵאֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְתֹאכַ֛ל אֶת־בַּעֲלֵ֥י שְׁכֶ֖ם וְאֶת־בֵּ֣ית מִלּ֑וֹא וְתֵצֵ֨א אֵ֜שׁ מִבַּעֲלֵ֤י שְׁכֶם֙ וּמִבֵּ֣ית מִלּ֔וֹא וְתֹאכַ֖ל אֶת־אֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃",
"text": "And-if-*ʾayin* *tēṣēʾ* *ʾēš* from-*ʾăbîmelek* and-*tōʾkal* *ʾet*-*baʿălê* *šekem* and-*ʾet*-*bêt* *millôʾ*, and-*tēṣēʾ* *ʾēš* from-*baʿălê* *šekem* and-from-*bêt* *millôʾ* and-*tōʾkal* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾayin*": "adverb of negation - not/no/none",
"*tēṣēʾ*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will come out/go forth",
"*ʾēš*": "feminine noun, singular - fire",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*tōʾkal*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will consume/devour",
"*baʿălê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - lords/masters/citizens of",
"*šekem*": "proper noun - Shechem",
"*bêt*": "noun, construct state - house of",
"*millôʾ*": "proper noun - Millo (a place)",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾayin*": "not/if not/otherwise",
"*tēṣēʾ*": "will come out/go forth/emerge",
"*ʾēš*": "fire/flame",
"*tōʾkal*": "will consume/devour/destroy",
"*baʿălê*": "lords of/citizens of/men of",
"*bêt*": "house of/place of/fortress of"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.21",
"source": "וַיָּ֣נָס יוֹתָ֔ם וַיִּבְרַ֖ח וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ בְּאֵ֑רָה וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב שָׁ֔ם מִפְּנֵ֖י אֲבִימֶ֥לֶךְ אָחִֽיו׃ פ",
"text": "And-*yānās* *yôtām* and-*yibraḥ* and-*yēlek* to-*bĕʾērâ* and-*yēšeb* there from-face-of *ʾăbîmelek* his-brother.",
"grammar": {
"*yānās*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - fled",
"*yôtām*": "proper noun - Jotham",
"*yibraḥ*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - ran away",
"*yēlek*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - went",
"*bĕʾērâ*": "proper noun with directional suffix - to Beer",
"*yēšeb*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - dwelt/remained",
"*mippĕnê*": "preposition with construct form - from the face of/because of",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*ʾāḥîw*": "masculine noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his brother",
"פ": "Hebrew paragraph marker (petuchah)"
},
"variants": {
"*yānās*": "fled/escaped",
"*yibraḥ*": "ran away/escaped/fled",
"*yēlek*": "went/traveled/journeyed",
"*yēšeb*": "dwelt/remained/lived/stayed",
"*mippĕnê*": "from the face of/because of/due to/in fear of"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.22",
"source": "וַיָּ֧שַׂר אֲבִימֶ֛לֶךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל שָׁלֹ֥שׁ שָׁנִֽים׃",
"text": "And-*yāśar* *ʾăbîmelek* over-*yiśrāʾēl* three *šānîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*yāśar*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - ruled/governed",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*šālōš*": "number, feminine - three",
"*šānîm*": "feminine plural noun - years"
},
"variants": {
"*yāśar*": "ruled/governed/reigned/exercised authority",
"*šānîm*": "years/periods of time"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.23",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח אֱלֹהִים֙ ר֣וּחַ רָעָ֔ה בֵּ֣ין אֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ וּבֵ֖ין בַּעֲלֵ֣י שְׁכֶ֑ם וַיִּבְגְּד֥וּ בַעֲלֵי־שְׁכֶ֖ם בַּאֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃",
"text": "And-*yišlaḥ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *rûaḥ* *rāʿâ* between *ʾăbîmelek* and-between *baʿălê* *šekem*, and-*yibgĕdû* *baʿălê*-*šekem* against-*ʾăbîmelek*.",
"grammar": {
"*yišlaḥ*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - sent",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God/gods",
"*rûaḥ*": "feminine noun, singular - spirit",
"*rāʿâ*": "feminine adjective, singular - evil/bad",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*baʿălê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - lords/masters/citizens of",
"*šekem*": "proper noun - Shechem",
"*yibgĕdû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - dealt treacherously/betrayed"
},
"variants": {
"*yišlaḥ*": "sent/dispatched",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being",
"*rûaḥ*": "spirit/breath/wind",
"*rāʿâ*": "evil/bad/harmful/malicious",
"*baʿălê*": "lords of/citizens of/men of",
"*yibgĕdû*": "dealt treacherously/betrayed/were faithless"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.24",
"source": "לָב֕וֹא חֲמַ֖ס שִׁבְעִ֣ים בְּנֵֽי־יְרֻבָּ֑עַל וְדָמָ֗ם לָשׂ֞וּם עַל־אֲבִימֶ֤לֶךְ אֲחִיהֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָרַ֣ג אוֹתָ֔ם וְעַל֙ בַּעֲלֵ֣י שְׁכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־חִזְּק֥וּ אֶת־יָדָ֖יו לַהֲרֹ֥ג אֶת־אֶחָֽיו׃",
"text": "To-*bôʾ* *ḥămas* seventy *bĕnê*-*yĕrubbāʿal* and-*dāmām* to-*śûm* upon-*ʾăbîmelek* their-brother who *hārag* them, and-upon *baʿălê* *šekem* who-*ḥizzĕqû* *ʾet*-*yādāyw* to-*hărog* *ʾet*-his-brothers.",
"grammar": {
"*bôʾ*": "verb, Qal infinitive construct - to come",
"*ḥămas*": "masculine noun, singular - violence/wrong",
"*šibʿîm*": "number - seventy",
"*bĕnê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - sons of",
"*yĕrubbāʿal*": "proper noun - Jerubbaal (Gideon)",
"*dāmām*": "masculine noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural - their blood",
"*śûm*": "verb, Qal infinitive construct - to place/put",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*ʾăḥêhem*": "masculine noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural - their brother",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that",
"*hārag*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - killed/slew",
"*baʿălê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - lords/masters/citizens of",
"*šekem*": "proper noun - Shechem",
"*ḥizzĕqû*": "verb, Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - strengthened",
"*yādāyw*": "feminine dual noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his hands",
"*hărog*": "verb, Qal infinitive construct - to kill",
"*ʾeḥāyw*": "masculine plural noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his brothers"
},
"variants": {
"*bôʾ*": "to come/to bring about",
"*ḥămas*": "violence/cruelty/wrong/injustice",
"*dāmām*": "their blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt",
"*śûm*": "to place/put/lay/impose",
"*hārag*": "killed/slew/murdered",
"*ḥizzĕqû*": "strengthened/supported/encouraged",
"*hărog*": "to kill/slay/murder"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.25",
"source": "וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ לוֹ֩ בַעֲלֵ֨י שְׁכֶ֜ם מְאָרְבִ֗ים עַ֚ל רָאשֵׁ֣י הֶהָרִ֔ים וַיִּגְזְל֗וּ אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־יַעֲבֹ֥ר עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם בַּדָּ֑רֶךְ וַיֻּגַּ֖ד לַאֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃ פ",
"text": "And-*yāśîmû* to-him *baʿălê* *šekem* *mĕʾārĕbîm* on *rāʾšê* *hehārîm*, and-*yigzĕlû* *ʾēt* all-that-*yaʿăbōr* by-them on-the-*dārek*, and-*yuggad* to-*ʾăbîmelek*.",
"grammar": {
"*yāśîmû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - set/placed",
"*baʿălê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - lords/masters/citizens of",
"*šekem*": "proper noun - Shechem",
"*mĕʾārĕbîm*": "masculine plural participle, Piel - ambushers/ones lying in wait",
"*rāʾšê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - heads/tops of",
"*hehārîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the mountains",
"*yigzĕlû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - robbed/plundered",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*yaʿăbōr*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - passed by",
"*dārek*": "feminine noun with definite article - the way/road",
"*yuggad*": "verb, Hophal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - it was told",
"פ": "Hebrew paragraph marker (petuchah)"
},
"variants": {
"*yāśîmû*": "set/placed/put/positioned",
"*mĕʾārĕbîm*": "ambushers/ones lying in wait/men in ambush",
"*rāʾšê*": "heads/tops/summits",
"*yigzĕlû*": "robbed/plundered/seized",
"*yaʿăbōr*": "passed by/crossed over/traveled",
"*yuggad*": "it was told/reported/informed"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.26",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֞א גַּ֤עַל בֶּן־עֶ֙בֶד֙ וְאֶחָ֔יו וַיַּעַבְר֖וּ בִּשְׁכֶ֑ם וַיִּבְטְחוּ־ב֖וֹ בַּעֲלֵ֥י שְׁכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And-*yābōʾ* *gaʿal* son-of-*ʿebed* and-his-brothers, and-*yaʿabrû* into-*šekem*, and-*yibṭĕḥû*-in-him *baʿălê* *šekem*.",
"grammar": {
"*yābōʾ*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - came",
"*gaʿal*": "proper noun - Gaal",
"*ben*": "masculine noun, construct state - son of",
"*ʿebed*": "proper noun - Ebed",
"*ʾeḥāyw*": "masculine plural noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his brothers",
"*yaʿabrû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - passed over/went",
"*šekem*": "proper noun - Shechem",
"*yibṭĕḥû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - trusted",
"*baʿălê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - lords/masters/citizens of"
},
"variants": {
"*yābōʾ*": "came/entered/arrived",
"*yaʿabrû*": "passed over/went/crossed over/moved to",
"*yibṭĕḥû*": "trusted/put confidence in/relied on",
"*baʿălê*": "lords of/citizens of/men of"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.27",
"source": "וַיֵּצְא֨וּ הַשָּׂדֶ֜ה וַֽיִּבְצְר֤וּ אֶת־כַּרְמֵיהֶם֙ וַֽיִּדְרְכ֔וּ וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֖וּ הִלּוּלִ֑ים וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ בֵּ֣ית אֱֽלֹֽהֵיהֶ֔ם וַיֹּֽאכְלוּ֙ וַיִּשְׁתּ֔וּ וַֽיְקַלְל֖וּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃",
"text": "And-*yēṣĕʾû* the-*śādeh* and-*yibṣĕrû* *ʾet*-*karmêhem* and-*yidrĕkû* and-*yaʿăśû* *hillûlîm*, and-*yābōʾû* *bêt* *ʾĕlōhêhem* and-*yōʾkĕlû* and-*yištû* and-*yĕqallĕlû* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek*.",
"grammar": {
"*yēṣĕʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - went out",
"*śādeh*": "masculine noun with definite article - the field",
"*yibṣĕrû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - gathered/harvested",
"*karmêhem*": "masculine plural noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural - their vineyards",
"*yidrĕkû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - trod/trampled",
"*yaʿăśû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - made/did",
"*hillûlîm*": "masculine plural noun - praise-festivals/celebrations",
"*yābōʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - entered",
"*bêt*": "noun, construct state - house of",
"*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "masculine plural noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural - their god(s)",
"*yōʾkĕlû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - ate",
"*yištû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - drank",
"*yĕqallĕlû*": "verb, Piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - cursed",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech"
},
"variants": {
"*yēṣĕʾû*": "went out/went forth",
"*śādeh*": "field/countryside/open land",
"*yibṣĕrû*": "gathered/harvested/picked",
"*yidrĕkû*": "trod/trampled/pressed (grapes)",
"*yaʿăśû*": "made/did/prepared/held",
"*hillûlîm*": "praise-festivals/celebrations/feasts",
"*yōʾkĕlû*": "ate/consumed/feasted",
"*yištû*": "drank/consumed drink",
"*yĕqallĕlû*": "cursed/reviled/despised"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.28",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ גַּ֣עַל בֶּן־עֶ֗בֶד מִֽי־אֲבִימֶ֤לֶךְ וּמִֽי־שְׁכֶם֙ כִּ֣י נַעַבְדֶ֔נּוּ הֲלֹ֥א בֶן־יְרֻבַּ֖עַל וּזְבֻ֣ל פְּקִיד֑וֹ עִבְד֗וּ אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֤י חֲמוֹר֙ אֲבִ֣י שְׁכֶ֔ם וּמַדּ֖וּעַ נַעַבְדֶ֥נּוּ אֲנָֽחְנוּ׃",
"text": "And-*yōʾmer* *gaʿal* son-of-*ʿebed*: Who-is-*ʾăbîmelek* and-who-is-*šekem* that *naʿabdennû*? Is-not son-of-*yĕrubbaʿal* and-*zĕbūl* his-*pĕqîdô*? *ʿibdû* *ʾet*-*ʾanšê* *ḥămôr* father-of-*šekem*, and-why *naʿabdennû* we?",
"grammar": {
"*yōʾmer*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - said",
"*gaʿal*": "proper noun - Gaal",
"*ben*": "masculine noun, construct state - son of",
"*ʿebed*": "proper noun - Ebed",
"*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*šekem*": "proper noun - Shechem",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that/because/for",
"*naʿabdennû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - we should serve him",
"*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle - is not",
"*yĕrubbaʿal*": "proper noun - Jerubbaal (Gideon)",
"*zĕbūl*": "proper noun - Zebul",
"*pĕqîdô*": "masculine noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his officer",
"*ʿibdû*": "verb, Qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - serve",
"*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - men of",
"*ḥămôr*": "proper noun - Hamor",
"*ʾăbî*": "masculine noun, construct state - father of",
"*maddûaʿ*": "interrogative adverb - why",
"*ʾănaḥnû*": "independent personal pronoun, 1st person plural - we"
},
"variants": {
"*naʿabdennû*": "we should serve him/we should be his subjects",
"*pĕqîdô*": "his officer/his deputy/his appointed one",
"*ʿibdû*": "serve/be subject to/work for",
"*maddûaʿ*": "why/for what reason"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.29",
"source": "וּמִ֨י יִתֵּ֜ן אֶת־הָעָ֤ם הַזֶּה֙ בְּיָדִ֔י וְאָסִ֖ירָה אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לַאֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ רַבֶּ֥ה צְבָאֲךָ֖ וָצֵֽאָה׃",
"text": "And-who *yittēn* *ʾet*-*hāʿām* *hazzeh* in-my-hand, and-*ʾāsîrâ* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek*. And-*yōʾmer* to-*ʾăbîmelek*: *rabbēh* your-*ṣĕbāʾăkā* and-*ṣēʾâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who",
"*yittēn*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - would give",
"*hāʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people",
"*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective with definite article - this",
"*yādî*": "feminine noun with pronominal suffix, 1st person singular - my hand",
"*ʾāsîrâ*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - I would remove",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*yōʾmer*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - said",
"*rabbēh*": "verb, Piel imperative, 2nd person masculine singular - increase/multiply",
"*ṣĕbāʾăkā*": "masculine noun with pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine singular - your army",
"*ṣēʾâ*": "verb, Qal imperative with paragogic heh, 2nd person masculine singular - come out"
},
"variants": {
"*yittēn*": "would give/would place/would put",
"*ʾāsîrâ*": "I would remove/I would get rid of/I would depose",
"*rabbēh*": "increase/multiply/make large",
"*ṣĕbāʾăkā*": "your army/your host/your troops",
"*ṣēʾâ*": "come out/go forth/come out (to battle)"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.30",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֗ע זְבֻל֙ שַׂר־הָעִ֔יר אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֖י גַּ֣עַל בֶּן־עָ֑בֶד וַיִּ֖חַר אַפּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And-*yišmaʿ* *zĕbul* *śar*-*hāʿîr* *ʾet*-*dibrê* *gaʿal* son-of-*ʿābed* and-*yiḥar* his-*ʾappô*.",
"grammar": {
"*yišmaʿ*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - heard",
"*zĕbul*": "proper noun - Zebul",
"*śar*": "masculine noun, construct state - ruler/official of",
"*hāʿîr*": "feminine noun with definite article - the city",
"*dibrê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - words of",
"*gaʿal*": "proper noun - Gaal",
"*ben*": "masculine noun, construct state - son of",
"*ʿābed*": "proper noun - Ebed",
"*yiḥar*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - burned",
"*ʾappô*": "masculine noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his nose/anger"
},
"variants": {
"*yišmaʿ*": "heard/listened to",
"*śar*": "ruler/official/commander/prince",
"*dibrê*": "words of/statements of/speech of",
"*yiḥar*": "burned/became hot",
"*ʾappô*": "his nose/his anger/his wrath"
}
}
31 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.31",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֧ח מַלְאָכִ֛ים אֶל־אֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְ בְּתָרְמָ֣ה לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּה֩ גַ֨עַל בֶּן־עֶ֤בֶד וְאֶחָיו֙ בָּאִ֣ים שְׁכֶ֔מָה וְהִנָּ֛ם צָרִ֥ים אֶת־הָעִ֖יר עָלֶֽיךָ׃",
"text": "And-*wayyišlaḥ* *malʾāḵîm* to-*ʾăḇîmeleḵ* in-*tārmāh* *lēʾmōr*: *hinnēh* *gaʿal* son-of-*ʿeḇeḏ* and-*ʾeḥāyw* *bāʾîm* to-*šeḵem* and-*hinnām* *ṣārîm* *ʾet*-the-*ʿîr* against-you.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he sent",
"*malʾāḵîm*": "masculine plural - messengers/agents",
"*ʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "proper name - Abimelech ('my father is king')",
"*tārmāh*": "place name with prefix preposition bet - in Tormah",
"*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - to say/saying",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look",
"*gaʿal*": "proper name - Gaal",
"*ʿeḇeḏ*": "masculine singular - servant/slave",
"*ʾeḥāyw*": "masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his brothers",
"*bāʾîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - coming/entering",
"*šeḵem*": "place name with directional heh - to Shechem",
"*hinnām*": "demonstrative particle with 3mp suffix - behold them",
"*ṣārîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - besieging/inciting",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*ʿāleḵā*": "preposition with 2ms suffix - against you"
},
"variants": {
"*malʾāḵîm*": "messengers/envoys/agents",
"*tārmāh*": "place name (possibly 'with deceit/treachery' if related to *tormah* - deceit)",
"*ṣārîm*": "besieging/inciting/stirring up against"
}
}
32 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.32",
"source": "וְעַתָּה֙ ק֣וּם לַ֔יְלָה אַתָּ֖ה וְהָעָ֣ם אֲשֶׁר־אִתָּ֑ךְ וֶאֱרֹ֖ב בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃",
"text": "And-*weʿattāh* *qûm* *laylāh* you and-the-*ʿām* that-with-you and-*weʾĕrōḇ* in-the-*śāḏeh*.",
"grammar": {
"*weʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and now",
"*qûm*": "qal imperative masculine singular - arise/get up",
"*laylāh*": "masculine singular - night/by night",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people/troops",
"*weʾĕrōḇ*": "conjunction + qal imperative masculine singular - and lie in ambush",
"*śāḏeh*": "masculine singular with definite article - field/countryside"
},
"variants": {
"*qûm*": "arise/get up/take action",
"*ʾĕrōḇ*": "lie in ambush/wait in hiding"
}
}
33 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.33",
"source": "וְהָיָ֤ה בַבֹּ֙קֶר֙ כִּזְרֹ֣חַ הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ תַּשְׁכִּ֖ים וּפָשַׁטְתָּ֣ עַל־הָעִ֑יר וְהִנֵּה־ה֞וּא וְהָעָ֤ם אֲשֶׁר־אִתּוֹ֙ יֹצְאִ֣ים אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְעָשִׂ֣יתָ לּ֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר תִּמְצָ֥א יָדֶֽךָ׃ ס",
"text": "And-*wehāyāh* in-the-*bōqer* when-*kizrōaḥ* the-*šemeš* *taškîm* and-*ûpāšaṭtā* against-the-*ʿîr* and-*hinnēh*-he and-the-*ʿām* that-with-him *yōṣʾîm* to-you and-*weʿāśîtā* to-him as-*kaʾăšer* *timṣā* *yāḏeḵā*.",
"grammar": {
"*wehāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3ms - and it will be",
"*bōqer*": "masculine singular with definite article - morning",
"*kizrōaḥ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - when rising/shining",
"*šemeš*": "feminine singular with definite article - sun",
"*taškîm*": "hiphil imperfect 2ms - you shall rise early",
"*ûpāšaṭtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2ms - and you shall rush/raid",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - city",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people/troops",
"*yōṣʾîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - going out/coming out",
"*weʿāśîtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2ms - and you shall do",
"*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction + relative pronoun - as/according to what",
"*timṣā*": "qal imperfect 2ms - you find/you are able",
"*yāḏeḵā*": "feminine singular construct with 2ms suffix - your hand"
},
"variants": {
"*pāšaṭtā*": "rush upon/raid/spread out against",
"*timṣā yāḏeḵā*": "your hand finds/as you are able/as opportunity presents"
}
}
34 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.34",
"source": "וַיָּ֧קָם אֲבִימֶ֛לֶךְ וְכָל־הָעָ֥ם אֲשֶׁר־עִמּ֖וֹ לָ֑יְלָה וַיֶּאֶרְב֣וּ עַל־שְׁכֶ֔ם אַרְבָּעָ֖ה רָאשִֽׁים׃",
"text": "And-*wayyāqām* *ʾăḇîmeleḵ* and-all-the-*ʿām* that-with-him *lāylāh* and-*wayyeʾerḇû* against-*šeḵem* four *rāʾšîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāqām*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he arose",
"*ʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "proper name - Abimelech",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people/troops",
"*lāylāh*": "masculine singular - night/by night",
"*wayyeʾerḇû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they lay in ambush",
"*šeḵem*": "place name - Shechem",
"*rāʾšîm*": "masculine plural - heads/companies/divisions"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʾšîm*": "heads/companies/divisions/groups"
}
}
35 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.35",
"source": "וַיֵּצֵא֙ גַּ֣עַל בֶּן־עֶ֔בֶד וַיַּעֲמֹ֕ד פֶּ֖תַח שַׁ֣עַר הָעִ֑יר וַיָּ֧קָם אֲבִימֶ֛לֶךְ וְהָעָ֥ם אֲשֶׁר־אִתּ֖וֹ מִן־הַמַּאְרָֽב׃",
"text": "And-*wayyēṣēʾ* *gaʿal* son-of-*ʿeḇeḏ* and-*wayyaʿămōḏ* *peṯaḥ* *šaʿar* the-*ʿîr* and-*wayyāqām* *ʾăḇîmeleḵ* and-the-*ʿām* that-with-him from-the-*hammaʾrāḇ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēṣēʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he went out",
"*gaʿal*": "proper name - Gaal",
"*ʿeḇeḏ*": "masculine singular - servant/slave",
"*wayyaʿămōḏ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he stood",
"*peṯaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - entrance of",
"*šaʿar*": "masculine singular construct - gate of",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*wayyāqām*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he arose",
"*ʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "proper name - Abimelech",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people/troops",
"*hammaʾrāḇ*": "masculine singular with definite article - the ambush/hiding place"
},
"variants": {
"*peṯaḥ*": "entrance/opening/doorway"
}
}
36 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.36",
"source": "וַיַּרְא־גַּעַל֮ אֶת־הָעָם֒ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־זְבֻ֔ל הִנֵּה־עָ֣ם יוֹרֵ֔ד מֵרָאשֵׁ֖י הֶהָרִ֑ים וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ זְבֻ֔ל אֵ֣ת צֵ֧ל הֶהָרִ֛ים אַתָּ֥ה רֹאֶ֖ה כָּאֲנָשִֽׁים׃ ס",
"text": "And-*wayyarʾ*-*gaʿal* *ʾet*-the-*ʿām* and-*wayyōʾmer* to-*zeḇūl* *hinnēh*-*ʿām* *yōrēḏ* from-*rāʾšēy* the-*hehārîm* and-*wayyōʾmer* to-him *zeḇūl* *ʾēt* *ṣēl* the-*hehārîm* you *rōʾeh* as-*kāʾănāšîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyarʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he saw",
"*gaʿal*": "proper name - Gaal",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people/troops",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said",
"*zeḇūl*": "proper name - Zebul",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular - people/troops",
"*yōrēḏ*": "qal participle masculine singular - coming down/descending",
"*rāʾšēy*": "masculine plural construct - tops/summits of",
"*hehārîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - the mountains",
"*ṣēl*": "masculine singular construct - shadow of",
"*rōʾeh*": "qal participle masculine singular - seeing",
"*kāʾănāšîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural - like men"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣēl hehārîm*": "shadow of the mountains/illusion of people"
}
}
37 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.37",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨סֶף ע֣וֹד גַּעַל֮ לְדַבֵּר֒ וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הִנֵּה־עָם֙ יֽוֹרְדִ֔ים מֵעִ֖ם טַבּ֣וּר הָאָ֑רֶץ וְרֹאשׁ־אֶחָ֣ד בָּ֔א מִדֶּ֖רֶךְ אֵל֥וֹן מְעוֹנְנִֽים׃",
"text": "And-*wayyōsep* yet *gaʿal* *ləḏabbēr* and-*wayyōʾmer* *hinnēh*-*ʿām* *yôrəḏîm* from-with *ṭabbûr* the-*ʾāreṣ* and-*rōʾš*-one *bāʾ* from-*dereḵ* *ʾêlôn* *məʿônənîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōsep*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms - and he added/continued",
"*gaʿal*": "proper name - Gaal",
"*ləḏabbēr*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to speak",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular - people/troops",
"*yôrəḏîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - coming down/descending",
"*ṭabbûr*": "masculine singular construct - height/navel/central part of",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular with definite article - the land/earth",
"*rōʾš*": "masculine singular construct - head/company/division",
"*bāʾ*": "qal participle masculine singular - coming",
"*dereḵ*": "feminine singular construct - way/road of",
"*ʾêlôn*": "masculine singular construct - oak/terebinth of",
"*məʿônənîm*": "masculine plural - diviners/soothsayers"
},
"variants": {
"*ṭabbûr hāʾāreṣ*": "height/navel/central part of the land",
"*ʾêlôn məʿônənîm*": "oak of the diviners/soothsayers' oak"
}
}
38 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.38",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו זְבֻ֗ל אַיֵּ֨ה אֵפ֥וֹא פִ֙יךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֹּאמַ֔ר מִ֥י אֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְ כִּ֣י נַעַבְדֶ֑נּוּ הֲלֹ֨א זֶ֤ה הָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָאַ֣סְתָּה בּ֔וֹ צֵא־נָ֥א עַתָּ֖ה וְהִלָּ֥חֶם בּֽוֹ׃ ס",
"text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* to-him *zeḇūl* *ʾayyēh* *ʾēpôʾ* *pîḵā* which *tōʾmar* who [is] *ʾăḇîmeleḵ* that *naʿaḇḏennû* ?is-not this the-*ʿām* which *māʾastā* in-him ?go-out-*nāʾ* *ʿattāh* and-*wehillāḥēm* in-him.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said",
"*zeḇūl*": "proper name - Zebul",
"*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where",
"*ʾēpôʾ*": "particle of emphasis - then/now",
"*pîḵā*": "masculine singular construct with 2ms suffix - your mouth",
"*tōʾmar*": "qal imperfect 2ms - you said",
"*ʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "proper name - Abimelech",
"*naʿaḇḏennû*": "qal imperfect 1cp with 3ms suffix - we should serve him",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people/troops",
"*māʾastā*": "qal perfect 2ms - you rejected/despised",
"*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now",
"*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now",
"*wehillāḥēm*": "conjunction + niphal imperative masculine singular - and fight"
},
"variants": {
"*pîḵā*": "your mouth/your boasting",
"*ʾayyēh ʾēpôʾ pîḵā*": "where now is your boasting/what happened to your big talk"
}
}
39 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.39",
"source": "וַיֵּ֣צֵא גַ֔עַל לִפְנֵ֖י בַּעֲלֵ֣י שְׁכֶ֑ם וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם בַּאֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃",
"text": "And-*wayyēṣēʾ* *gaʿal* before-*bāʿălēy* *šəḵem* and-*wayyillāḥēm* against-*baʾăḇîmeleḵ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēṣēʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he went out",
"*gaʿal*": "proper name - Gaal",
"*bāʿălēy*": "masculine plural construct - leaders/citizens of",
"*šəḵem*": "place name - Shechem",
"*wayyillāḥēm*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect 3ms - and he fought",
"*baʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "preposition + proper name - against Abimelech"
},
"variants": {
"*bāʿălēy*": "leaders/citizens/men/lords of"
}
}
40 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.40",
"source": "וַיִּרְדְּפֵ֣הוּ אֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ וַיָּ֖נָס מִפָּנָ֑יו וַֽיִּפְּל֛וּ חֲלָלִ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים עַד־פֶּ֥תַח הַשָּֽׁעַר׃",
"text": "And-*wayyirddəpēhû* *ʾăḇîmeleḵ* and-*wayyānās* from-before-him and-*wayyippəlû* *ḥălālîm* *rabbîm* until-*peṯaḥ* the-*šāʿar*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyirddəpēhû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms with 3ms suffix - and he pursued him",
"*ʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "proper name - Abimelech",
"*wayyānās*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he fled",
"*wayyippəlû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they fell",
"*ḥălālîm*": "masculine plural - slain/wounded",
"*rabbîm*": "masculine plural - many",
"*peṯaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - entrance of",
"*šāʿar*": "masculine singular with definite article - the gate"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥălālîm*": "slain/wounded/casualties"
}
}
41 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.41",
"source": "וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב אֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְ בָּארוּמָ֑ה וַיְגָ֧רֶשׁ זְבֻ֛ל אֶת־גַּ֥עַל וְאֶת־אֶחָ֖יו מִשֶּׁ֥בֶת בִּשְׁכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And-*wayyēšeḇ* *ʾăḇîmeleḵ* in-*bāʾărûmāh* and-*wayəḡāreš* *zəḇul* *ʾet*-*gaʿal* and-*ʾet*-*ʾeḥāyw* from-*mišeḇeṯ* in-*bišəḵem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēšeḇ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he remained/dwelt",
"*ʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "proper name - Abimelech",
"*bāʾărûmāh*": "preposition + place name - in Arumah",
"*wayəḡāreš*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect 3ms - and he drove out",
"*zəḇul*": "proper name - Zebul",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*gaʿal*": "proper name - Gaal",
"*ʾeḥāyw*": "masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his brothers",
"*mišeḇeṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from dwelling",
"*bišəḵem*": "preposition + place name - in Shechem"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾărûmāh*": "place name - Arumah (location near Shechem)"
}
}
42 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.42",
"source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיֵּצֵ֥א הָעָ֖ם הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה וַיַּגִּ֖דוּ לַאֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃",
"text": "And-*wayəhî* on-the-*mimmāḥŏrāṯ* and-*wayyēṣēʾ* the-*ʿām* to-the-*śāḏeh* and-*wayyaggîḏû* to-*laʾăḇîmeleḵ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and it happened",
"*mimmāḥŏrāṯ*": "preposition + feminine singular - on the next day",
"*wayyēṣēʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he/it went out",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people/troops",
"*śāḏeh*": "masculine singular with definite article - the field/countryside",
"*wayyaggîḏû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3mp - and they told",
"*laʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "preposition + proper name - to Abimelech"
},
"variants": {
"*mimmāḥŏrāṯ*": "on the next day/the following day"
}
}
43 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.43",
"source": "וַיִקַּ֣ח אֶת־הָעָ֗ם וַֽיֶּחֱצֵם֙ לִשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה רָאשִׁ֔ים וַיֶּאֱרֹ֖ב בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה וַיַּ֗רְא וְהִנֵּ֤ה הָעָם֙ יֹצֵ֣א מִן־הָעִ֔יר וַיָּ֥קָם עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם וַיַּכֵּֽם׃",
"text": "And-*wayyiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-the-*ʿām* and-*wayeḥĕṣēm* into-three *rāʾšîm* and-*wayeʾĕrōḇ* in-the-*śāḏeh* and-*wayyarʾ* and-*hinnēh* the-*ʿām* *yōṣēʾ* from-the-*ʿîr* and-*wayyāqām* against-them and-*wayyakkēm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he took",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people/troops",
"*wayeḥĕṣēm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms with 3mp suffix - and he divided them",
"*rāʾšîm*": "masculine plural - heads/companies/divisions",
"*wayeʾĕrōḇ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he laid in ambush",
"*śāḏeh*": "masculine singular with definite article - the field",
"*wayyarʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he saw",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people",
"*yōṣēʾ*": "qal participle masculine singular - going out",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*wayyāqām*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he rose up",
"*wayyakkēm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms with 3mp suffix - and he struck them"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʾšîm*": "heads/companies/divisions/bands"
}
}
44 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.44",
"source": "וַאֲבִימֶ֗לֶךְ וְהָרָאשִׁים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עִמּ֔וֹ פָּשְׁט֕וּ וַיַּ֣עַמְד֔וּ פֶּ֖תַח שַׁ֣עַר הָעִ֑יר וּשְׁנֵ֣י הֽ͏ָרָאשִׁ֗ים פָּ֥שְׁט֛וּ עַֽל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּשָּׂדֶ֖ה וַיַּכּֽוּם׃",
"text": "And-*waʾăḇîmeleḵ* and-the-*rāʾšîm* that with-him *pāšəṭû* and-*wayyaʿamḏû* *peṯaḥ* *šaʿar* the-*ʿîr* and-two the-*hārāʾšîm* *pāšəṭû* against-all-that in-the-*śāḏeh* and-*wayyakkûm*.",
"grammar": {
"*waʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "conjunction + proper name - and Abimelech",
"*rāʾšîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - the heads/companies",
"*pāšəṭû*": "qal perfect 3mp - they rushed/raided",
"*wayyaʿamḏû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they stood",
"*peṯaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - entrance of",
"*šaʿar*": "masculine singular construct - gate of",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*hārāʾšîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - the heads/companies",
"*pāšəṭû*": "qal perfect 3mp - they rushed/raided",
"*śāḏeh*": "masculine singular with definite article - the field",
"*wayyakkûm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3mp with 3mp suffix - and they struck them"
},
"variants": {
"*pāšəṭû*": "rushed/raided/spread out against",
"*rāʾšîm*": "heads/companies/divisions/bands"
}
}
45 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.45",
"source": "וַאֲבִימֶ֜לֶךְ נִלְחָ֣ם בָּעִ֗יר כֹּ֚ל הַיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וַיִּלְכֹּד֙ אֶת־הָעִ֔יר וְאֶת־הָעָ֥ם אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֖הּ הָרָ֑ג וַיִּתֹּץ֙ אֶת־הָעִ֔יר וַיִּזְרָעֶ֖הָ מֶֽלַח׃ פ",
"text": "And-*waʾăḇîmeleḵ* *nilḥām* against-the-*ʿîr* all the-*yôm* the-that and-*wayyilkōḏ* *ʾet*-the-*ʿîr* and-*ʾet*-the-*ʿām* that-in-her *hārāḡ* and-*wayyittōṣ* *ʾet*-the-*ʿîr* and-*wayyizrāʿehā* *melaḥ*.",
"grammar": {
"*waʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "conjunction + proper name - and Abimelech",
"*nilḥām*": "niphal perfect 3ms - he fought",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular with definite article - the day",
"*wayyilkōḏ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he captured",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - the people",
"*hārāḡ*": "qal perfect 3ms - he killed",
"*wayyittōṣ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he tore down",
"*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*wayyizrāʿehā*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms with 3fs suffix - and he sowed it",
"*melaḥ*": "masculine singular - salt"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyizrāʿehā melaḥ*": "sowed it with salt (symbolic act of making land infertile/cursed)"
}
}
46 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.46",
"source": "וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֔וּ כָּֽל־בַּעֲלֵ֖י מִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶ֑ם וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ אֶל־צְרִ֔יחַ בֵּ֖ית אֵ֥ל בְּרִֽית׃",
"text": "And-*wayyišməʿû* all-*baʿălēy* *miḡdal*-*šəḵem* and-*wayyāḇōʾû* to-*ṣərîaḥ* *bêṯ* *ʾēl* *bərîṯ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišməʿû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they heard",
"*baʿălēy*": "masculine plural construct - citizens of",
"*miḡdal*": "masculine singular construct - tower of",
"*šəḵem*": "place name - Shechem",
"*wayyāḇōʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they entered",
"*ṣərîaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - stronghold/fortress of",
"*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct - house of",
"*ʾēl*": "masculine singular construct - god of",
"*bərîṯ*": "feminine singular - covenant"
},
"variants": {
"*miḡdal-šəḵem*": "tower of Shechem (likely a fortress near the city)",
"*ṣərîaḥ*": "stronghold/fortress/crypt",
"*bêṯ ʾēl bərîṯ*": "house of El-Berith/temple of the covenant god"
}
}
47 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.47",
"source": "וַיֻּגַּ֖ד לַאֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ כִּ֣י הִֽתְקַבְּצ֔וּ כָּֽל־בַּעֲלֵ֖י מִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And-*wayyuggaḏ* to-*laʾăḇîmeleḵ* that *hiṯqabbəṣû* all-*baʿălēy* *miḡdal*-*šəḵem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyuggaḏ*": "waw consecutive + hophal imperfect 3ms - and it was told",
"*laʾăḇîmeleḵ*": "preposition + proper name - to Abimelech",
"*hiṯqabbəṣû*": "hithpael perfect 3cp - they had gathered themselves",
"*baʿălēy*": "masculine plural construct - citizens of",
"*miḡdal*": "masculine singular construct - tower of",
"*šəḵem*": "place name - Shechem"
},
"variants": {
"*hiṯqabbəṣû*": "gathered themselves/assembled together",
"*baʿălēy*": "citizens/leaders/lords of"
}
}
48 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.48",
"source": "וַיַּ֨עַל אֲבִימֶ֜לֶךְ הַר־צַלְמ֗וֹן הוּא֮ וְכָל־הָעָ֣ם אֲשֶׁר־אִתּוֹ֒ וַיִּקַּח֩ אֲבִימֶ֨לֶךְ אֶת־הַקַּרְדֻּמּ֜וֹת בְּיָד֗וֹ וַיִּכְרֹת֙ שׂוֹכַ֣ת עֵצִ֔ים וַיִּ֨שָּׂאֶ֔הָ וַיָּ֖שֶׂם עַל־שִׁכְמ֑וֹ וַיֹּ֜אמֶר אֶל־הָעָ֣ם אֲשֶׁר־עִמּ֗וֹ מָ֤ה רְאִיתֶם֙ עָשִׂ֔יתִי מַהֲר֖וּ עֲשׂ֥וּ כָמֽוֹנִי",
"text": "*wə-yaʿal* *ʾăbîmelek* *har-ṣalmôn* *hûʾ* *wə-kol-hāʿām* *ʾăšer-ʾittô* *wə-yiqqaḥ* *ʾăbîmelek* *ʾet-haqqardummôt* *bə-yādô* *wə-yikrōt* *śôkat* *ʿēṣîm* *wə-yiśśāʾehā* *wə-yāśem* *ʿal-šikmô* *wə-yōʾmer* *ʾel-hāʿām* *ʾăšer-ʿimmô* *māh* *rəʾîtem* *ʿāśîtî* *mahărû* *ʿăśû* *kāmônî*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yaʿal*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went up",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech",
"*har-ṣalmôn*": "noun construct + proper noun - mount Zalmon",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he",
"*wə-kol-hāʿām*": "waw conjunction + noun construct + definite article + noun - and all the people",
"*ʾăšer-ʾittô*": "relative pronoun + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - who [were] with him",
"*wə-yiqqaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took",
"*ʾet-haqqardummôt*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun feminine plural - the axes",
"*bə-yādô*": "preposition + noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his hand",
"*wə-yikrōt*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he cut",
"*śôkat*": "noun feminine singular construct - branch of",
"*ʿēṣîm*": "noun masculine plural - trees",
"*wə-yiśśāʾehā*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he lifted it",
"*wə-yāśem*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he placed",
"*ʿal-šikmô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - on his shoulder",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʾel-hāʿām*": "preposition + definite article + noun - to the people",
"*ʾăšer-ʿimmô*": "relative pronoun + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - who [were] with him",
"*māh*": "interrogative pronoun - what",
"*rəʾîtem*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have seen",
"*ʿāśîtî*": "Qal perfect 1st common singular - I have done",
"*mahărû*": "Piel imperative masculine plural - hurry",
"*ʿăśû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - do",
"*kāmônî*": "preposition + 1st common singular suffix - like me"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿal*": "go up/ascend/climb",
"*har*": "mountain/hill",
"*ṣalmôn*": "proper name - Zalmon (possibly meaning 'dark' or 'shady')",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation/troops",
"*yiqqaḥ*": "take/grasp/fetch",
"*qardummôt*": "axes/hatchets",
"*yikrōt*": "cut/cut down/cut off",
"*śôkat*": "branch/bough",
"*ʿēṣîm*": "trees/wood/timber",
"*yiśśāʾehā*": "lift/carry/bear",
"*yāśem*": "put/place/set",
"*šikmô*": "shoulder/back",
"*mahărû*": "hurry/hasten/make haste"
}
}
49 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.49",
"source": "וַיִּכְרְת֨וּ גַם־כָּל־הָעָ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ שׂוֹכֹ֗ה וַיֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ אַחֲרֵ֤י אֲבִימֶ֙לֶךְ֙ וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ עַֽל־הַצְּרִ֔יחַ וַיַּצִּ֧יתוּ עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם אֶֽת־הַצְּרִ֖יחַ בָּאֵ֑שׁ וַיָּמֻ֜תוּ גַּ֣ם כָּל־אַנְשֵׁ֧י מִֽגְדַּל־שְׁכֶ֛ם כְּאֶ֖לֶף אִ֥ישׁ וְאִשָּֽׁה",
"text": "*wə-yikrətû* *gam-kol-hāʿām* *ʾîš* *śôkōh* *wə-yēləkû* *ʾaḥărê* *ʾăbîmelek* *wə-yāśîmû* *ʿal-haṣṣərîaḥ* *wə-yaṣṣîtû* *ʿălêhem* *ʾet-haṣṣərîaḥ* *bā-ʾēš* *wə-yāmutû* *gam* *kol-ʾanšê* *migdal-šəkem* *kə-ʾelep* *ʾîš* *wə-ʾiššāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yikrətû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they cut",
"*gam-kol-hāʿām*": "conjunction + noun construct + definite article + noun - also all the people",
"*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - each man",
"*śôkōh*": "noun feminine singular + directional he - branch",
"*wə-yēləkû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they went",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech",
"*wə-yāśîmû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they placed",
"*ʿal-haṣṣərîaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - against the stronghold",
"*wə-yaṣṣîtû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they set on fire",
"*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them",
"*ʾet-haṣṣərîaḥ*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun masculine singular - the stronghold",
"*bā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - with the fire",
"*wə-yāmutû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they died",
"*gam*": "conjunction - also",
"*kol-ʾanšê*": "noun construct + noun masculine plural construct - all men of",
"*migdal-šəkem*": "noun masculine singular construct + proper noun - tower of Shechem",
"*kə-ʾelep*": "preposition + cardinal number - about a thousand",
"*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - men",
"*wə-ʾiššāh*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular - and women"
},
"variants": {
"*yikrətû*": "cut/cut down/cut off",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation/troops",
"*ʾîš*": "man/each one/each person",
"*śôkōh*": "branch/bough",
"*yēləkû*": "go/walk/follow",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "after/behind/following",
"*yāśîmû*": "put/place/set",
"*ṣərîaḥ*": "stronghold/fortress/tower",
"*yaṣṣîtû*": "kindle/set on fire/burn",
"*ʾēš*": "fire/flame",
"*yāmutû*": "die/perish",
"*ʾanšê*": "men/people/inhabitants",
"*migdal*": "tower/fortress",
"*ʾelep*": "thousand/unit/clan"
}
}
50 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.50",
"source": "וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ אֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְ אֶל־תֵּבֵ֑ץ וַיִּ֥חַן בְּתֵבֵ֖ץ וַֽיִּלְכְּדָֽהּ",
"text": "*wə-yēlek* *ʾăbîmelek* *ʾel-tēbēṣ* *wə-yiḥan* *bə-tēbēṣ* *wə-yilkədāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yēlek*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech",
"*ʾel-tēbēṣ*": "preposition + proper noun - to Thebez",
"*wə-yiḥan*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he encamped",
"*bə-tēbēṣ*": "preposition + proper noun - in Thebez",
"*wə-yilkədāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he captured it"
},
"variants": {
"*yēlek*": "go/walk/proceed",
"*tēbēṣ*": "proper name - Thebez (possibly meaning 'brightness')",
"*yiḥan*": "encamp/camp/pitch tent",
"*yilkədāh*": "capture/seize/take"
}
}
51 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.51",
"source": "וּמִגְדַּל־עֹז֮ הָיָ֣ה בְתוֹךְ־הָעִיר֒ וַיָּנֻ֨סוּ שָׁ֜מָּה כָּל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים וְהַנָּשִׁ֗ים וְכֹל֙ בַּעֲלֵ֣י הָעִ֔יר וַֽיִּסְגְּר֖וּ בַּעֲדָ֑ם וַֽיַּעֲל֖וּ עַל־גַּ֥ג הַמִּגְדָּֽל",
"text": "*û-migdal-ʿōz* *hāyāh* *bə-tôk-hāʿîr* *wə-yānusû* *šāmmāh* *kol-hā-ʾănāšîm* *wə-hannāšîm* *wə-kōl* *baʿălê* *hāʿîr* *wə-yisggərû* *baʿădām* *wə-yaʿălû* *ʿal-gag* *hammigdāl*",
"grammar": {
"*û-migdal-ʿōz*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular construct + noun masculine singular - and a tower of strength",
"*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was",
"*bə-tôk-hāʿîr*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct + definite article + noun feminine singular - in the midst of the city",
"*wə-yānusû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they fled",
"*šāmmāh*": "adverb - there",
"*kol-hā-ʾănāšîm*": "noun construct + definite article + noun masculine plural - all the men",
"*wə-hannāšîm*": "conjunction + definite article + noun feminine plural - and the women",
"*wə-kōl*": "conjunction + noun construct - and all",
"*baʿălê*": "noun masculine plural construct - owners/citizens of",
"*hāʿîr*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the city",
"*wə-yisggərû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they shut/closed",
"*baʿădām*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - behind themselves",
"*wə-yaʿălû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they went up",
"*ʿal-gag*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - onto the roof of",
"*hammigdāl*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the tower"
},
"variants": {
"*migdal*": "tower/stronghold",
"*ʿōz*": "strength/might/fortress",
"*hāyāh*": "was/became/happened",
"*tôk*": "midst/middle/among",
"*ʿîr*": "city/town",
"*yānusû*": "flee/escape",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "men/people",
"*nāšîm*": "women",
"*baʿălê*": "owners/lords/citizens/inhabitants",
"*yisggərû*": "shut/close/lock",
"*baʿăd*": "behind/through/on behalf of",
"*yaʿălû*": "go up/ascend/climb",
"*gag*": "roof/top"
}
}
52 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.52",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֤א אֲבִימֶ֙לֶךְ֙ עַד־הַמִּגְדָּ֔ל וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם בּ֑וֹ וַיִּגַּ֛שׁ עַד־פֶּ֥תַח הַמִּגְדָּ֖ל לְשָׂרְפ֥וֹ בָאֵֽשׁ",
"text": "*wə-yābōʾ* *ʾăbîmelek* *ʿad-hammigdāl* *wə-yillāḥem* *bô* *wə-yiggaš* *ʿad-petaḥ* *hammigdāl* *lə-śārəpô* *bā-ʾēš*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yābōʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he came",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech",
"*ʿad-hammigdāl*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - to the tower",
"*wə-yillāḥem*": "waw consecutive + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he fought",
"*bô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - against it",
"*wə-yiggaš*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he approached",
"*ʿad-petaḥ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - to the entrance of",
"*hammigdāl*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the tower",
"*lə-śārəpô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to burn it",
"*bā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - with the fire"
},
"variants": {
"*yābōʾ*": "come/enter/arrive",
"*migdāl*": "tower/stronghold",
"*yillāḥem*": "fight/do battle",
"*yiggaš*": "approach/draw near/come close",
"*petaḥ*": "opening/entrance/doorway",
"*śārəpô*": "burn/consume by fire",
"*ʾēš*": "fire/flame"
}
}
53 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.53",
"source": "וַתַּשְׁלֵ֞ךְ אִשָּׁ֥ה אַחַ֛ת פֶּ֥לַח רֶ֖כֶב עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ וַתָּ֖רִץ אֶת־גֻּלְגָּלְתּֽוֹ",
"text": "*wə-tašlēk* *ʾiššāh* *ʾaḥat* *pelaḥ* *rekeb* *ʿal-rōʾš* *ʾăbîmelek* *wə-tārīṣ* *ʾet-gulgālttô*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-tašlēk*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she threw",
"*ʾiššāh*": "noun feminine singular - woman",
"*ʾaḥat*": "cardinal number feminine singular - one",
"*pelaḥ*": "noun masculine singular construct - piece of",
"*rekeb*": "noun masculine singular - millstone",
"*ʿal-rōʾš*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - on the head of",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech",
"*wə-tārīṣ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she crushed",
"*ʾet-gulgālttô*": "direct object marker + noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his skull"
},
"variants": {
"*tašlēk*": "throw/cast/hurl",
"*ʾiššāh*": "woman/wife/female",
"*ʾaḥat*": "one/single",
"*pelaḥ*": "piece/slice/fragment",
"*rekeb*": "upper millstone/chariot/rider",
"*rōʾš*": "head/top/chief",
"*tārīṣ*": "crush/shatter/break",
"*gulgōlet*": "skull/head"
}
}
54 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.54",
"source": "וַיִּקְרָ֨א מְהֵרָ֜ה אֶל־הַנַּ֣עַר ׀ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֗יו וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ שְׁלֹ֤ף חַרְבְּךָ֙ וּמ֣וֹתְתֵ֔נִי פֶּן־יֹ֥אמְרוּ לִ֖י אִשָּׁ֣ה הֲרָגָ֑תְהוּ וַיִּדְקְרֵ֥הוּ נַעֲר֖וֹ וַיָּמֹֽת",
"text": "*wə-yiqrāʾ* *məhērāh* *ʾel-hannaʿar* *nōśēʾ* *kēlāyw* *wə-yōʾmer* *lô* *šəlōp* *ḥarbəkā* *û-môtətēnî* *pen-yōʾmərû* *lî* *ʾiššāh* *hărāgātəhû* *wə-yidqərēhû* *naʿărô* *wə-yāmōt*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called",
"*məhērāh*": "adverb - quickly",
"*ʾel-hannaʿar*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - to the young man",
"*nōśēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - carrying/bearer of",
"*kēlāyw*": "noun masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his weapons",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him",
"*šəlōp*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - draw",
"*ḥarbəkā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sword",
"*û-môtətēnî*": "conjunction + Polel imperative masculine singular + 1st common singular suffix - and kill me",
"*pen-yōʾmərû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - lest they say",
"*lî*": "preposition + 1st common singular suffix - of me",
"*ʾiššāh*": "noun feminine singular - woman",
"*hărāgātəhû*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - killed him",
"*wə-yidqərēhû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he pierced him",
"*naʿărô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his young man",
"*wə-yāmōt*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he died"
},
"variants": {
"*yiqrāʾ*": "call/summon/proclaim",
"*məhērāh*": "quickly/speedily/hastily",
"*naʿar*": "young man/servant/attendant",
"*nōśēʾ*": "carrying/bearing/lifting",
"*kēlîm*": "weapons/tools/utensils",
"*šəlōp*": "draw/pull out/unsheathe",
"*ḥereb*": "sword/knife",
"*môtət*": "kill/put to death",
"*pen*": "lest/otherwise/that not",
"*yōʾmərû*": "say/speak/tell",
"*hārag*": "kill/slay",
"*yidqərēhû*": "pierce/thrust through",
"*yāmōt*": "die/perish"
}
}
55 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.55",
"source": "וַיִּרְא֥וּ אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כִּ֣י מֵ֣ת אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ לִמְקֹמֽוֹ",
"text": "*wə-yirʾû* *ʾîš-yiśrāʾēl* *kî* *mēt* *ʾăbîmelek* *wə-yēləkû* *ʾîš* *li-məqōmô*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yirʾû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they saw",
"*ʾîš-yiśrāʾēl*": "noun masculine singular construct + proper noun - men of Israel",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that",
"*mēt*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - died",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech",
"*wə-yēləkû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they went",
"*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - each man",
"*li-məqōmô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his place"
},
"variants": {
"*yirʾû*": "see/perceive/observe",
"*ʾîš*": "man/each one/person",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel",
"*kî*": "that/because/when",
"*mēt*": "died/dead",
"*yēləkû*": "go/walk/depart",
"*māqôm*": "place/location/home"
}
}
56 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.56",
"source": "וַיָּ֣שֶׁב אֱלֹהִ֔ים אֵ֖ת רָעַ֣ת אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשָׂה֙ לְאָבִ֔יו לַהֲרֹ֖ג אֶת־שִׁבְעִ֥ים אֶחָֽיו",
"text": "*wə-yāšeb* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾēt* *rāʿat* *ʾăbîmelek* *ʾăšer* *ʿāśāh* *lə-ʾābîw* *la-hărōg* *ʾet-šibʿîm* *ʾeḥāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yāšeb*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he returned/repaid",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*rāʿat*": "noun feminine singular construct - evil of",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he did",
"*lə-ʾābîw*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his father",
"*la-hărōg*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to kill",
"*ʾet-šibʿîm*": "direct object marker + cardinal number - seventy",
"*ʾeḥāyw*": "noun masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brothers"
},
"variants": {
"*yāšeb*": "return/repay/bring back",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings",
"*rāʿat*": "evil/wickedness/injury",
"*ʿāśāh*": "do/make/accomplish",
"*ʾāb*": "father",
"*hărōg*": "kill/slay",
"*šibʿîm*": "seventy",
"*ʾaḥ*": "brother/relative"
}
}
57 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.57",
"source": "וְאֵ֗ת כָּל־רָעַת֙ אַנְשֵׁ֣י שְׁכֶ֔ם הֵשִׁ֥יב אֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּרֹאשָׁ֑ם וַתָּבֹ֣א אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם קִֽלֲלַ֖ת יוֹתָ֥ם בֶּן־יְרֻבָּֽעַל",
"text": "*wə-ʾēt* *kol-rāʿat* *ʾanšê* *šəkem* *hēšîb* *ʾĕlōhîm* *bə-rōʾšām* *wə-tābōʾ* *ʾălêhem* *qiləlat* *yôtām* *ben-yərubbāʿal*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker - and",
"*kol-rāʿat*": "noun construct + noun feminine singular construct - all evil of",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun masculine plural construct - men of",
"*šəkem*": "proper noun - Shechem",
"*hēšîb*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he returned/repaid",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God",
"*bə-rōʾšām*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - on their heads",
"*wə-tābōʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and it came",
"*ʾălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*qiləlat*": "noun feminine singular construct - curse of",
"*yôtām*": "proper noun - Jotham",
"*ben-yərubbāʿal*": "noun masculine singular construct + proper noun - son of Jerubbaal"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʿat*": "evil/wickedness/injury",
"*ʾanšê*": "men/people/inhabitants",
"*šəkem*": "Shechem",
"*hēšîb*": "return/repay/bring back",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings",
"*rōʾš*": "head/top/chief",
"*tābōʾ*": "come/enter/arrive",
"*qiləlat*": "curse/imprecation",
"*yôtām*": "Jotham",
"*yərubbāʿal*": "Jerubbaal (alternate name for Gideon)"
}
}