Leviticus 13:12

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Leviticus.13.12", "source": "וְאִם־פָּרוֹחַ תִּפְרַח הַצָּרַעַת בָּעוֹר וְכִסְּתָה הַצָּרַעַת אֵת כָּל־עוֹר הַנֶּגַע מֵרֹאשׁוֹ וְעַד־רַגְלָיו לְכָל־מַרְאֵה עֵינֵי הַכֹּהֵן", "text": "And-if-breaking-out shall-break-out the-*ṣāráʿat* in-the-*ʿôr* and-covers the-*ṣāráʿat* *ʾēt* all-*ʿôr* the-*néga*ʿ from-his-head and-unto-his-feet to-all-sight eyes-of the-*kōhēn*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*pārôaḥ tipraḥ*": "qal infinitive absolute + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - breaking out shall break out (emphatic)", "*ha-ṣāráʿat*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular, absolute - the leprosy", "*bā-ʿôr*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the skin", "*wə-kissətāh*": "conjunction + piel perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and covers/covered", "*ha-ṣāráʿat*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular, absolute - the leprosy", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol-ʿôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - all skin of", "*ha-néga*ʿ": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the infection", "*mē-rōʾšô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his head", "*wə-ʿad-raglāyw*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine dual + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and unto his feet", "*lə-kol-marʾēh*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular construct - to all sight of", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*ha-kōhēn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the priest" }, "variants": { "*pāraḥ*": "break out/burst forth/blossom/spread", "*ṣāráʿat*": "leprosy/skin disease/affliction", "*ʿôr*": "skin/hide/leather", "*kissāh*": "cover/conceal/hide", "*néga*ʿ": "mark/infection/plague/affliction", "*rōʾš*": "head/top/beginning", "*régel*": "foot/leg", "*marʾēh*": "sight/appearance/vision", "*ʿênayim*": "eyes/sight/vision", "*kōhēn*": "priest/official" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאִם־פָּרוֹחַ תִּפְרַח הַצָּרַעַת בָּעוֹר וְכִסְּתָה הַצָּרַעַת אֵת כָּל־עוֹר הַנֶּגַע מֵרֹאשׁוֹ וְעַד־רַגְלָיו לְכָל־מַרְאֵה עֵינֵי הַכֹּהֵן

Transliteration

And-if-breaking-out shall-break-out the-ṣāráʿat in-the-ʿôr and-covers the-ṣāráʿat ʾēt all-ʿôr the-négaʿ from-his-head and-unto-his-feet to-all-sight eyes-of the-kōhēn

Grammar Details

• *wə-ʾim*: conjunction + conditional particle - and if
• *pārôaḥ tipraḥ*: qal infinitive absolute + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - breaking out shall break out (emphatic)
• *ha-ṣāráʿat*: definite article + noun, feminine singular, absolute - the leprosy
• *bā-ʿôr*: preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the skin
• *wə-kissətāh*: conjunction + piel perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and covers/covered
• *ʾēt*: direct object marker
• *kol-ʿôr*: noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - all skin of
• *ha-néga*ʿ: definite article + noun, masculine singular - the infection
• *mē-rōʾšô*: preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his head
• *wə-ʿad-raglāyw*: conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine dual + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and unto his feet
• *lə-kol-marʾēh*: preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular construct - to all sight of
• *ʿênê*: noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of
• *ha-kōhēn*: definite article + noun, masculine singular - the priest

Word Meanings

• *pāraḥ*: break out/burst forth/blossom/spread
• *ṣāráʿat*: leprosy/skin disease/affliction
• *ʿôr*: skin/hide/leather
• *kissāh*: cover/conceal/hide
• *néga*ʿ: mark/infection/plague/affliction
• *rōʾš*: head/top/beginning
• *régel*: foot/leg
• *marʾēh*: sight/appearance/vision
• *ʿênayim*: eyes/sight/vision
• *kōhēn*: priest/official

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  If the skin disease spreads and covers all the skin from head to toe, as far as the priest can see, then the priest shall examine the person.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And if a prosy break out abroad in the skin, and the prosy cover all the skin of him that hath the plague from his head even to his foot, wheresoever the priest looketh;

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And if leprosy breaks out all over the skin and covers all the skin of the one with the plague from his head to his foot, wherever the priest looks,

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And if a leprosy break out abroad in the skin, and the leprosy cover all the skin of him that hath the plague from his head even to his foot, wheresoever the priest looketh;

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And if the leprosy{H6883} break out{H6524} abroad{H6524} in the skin,{H5785} and the leprosy{H6883} cover{H3680} all the skin{H5785} of [him that hath] the plague{H5061} from his head{H7218} even to his feet,{H7272} as far as appeareth{H4758} to the priest;{H3548}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And if a leprosy{H6883} break out{H6524}{(H8799)} abroad{H6524}{(H8800)} in the skin{H5785}, and the leprosy{H6883} cover{H3680}{(H8765)} all the skin{H5785} of him that hath the plague{H5061} from his head{H7218} even to his foot{H7272}, wheresoever the priest{H3548} looketh{H4758}{H5869};

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Yf a leprosye breake out in the skynne and couer all the skynne from the heed to the fote ouer all wheresoeuer the preast loketh,

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But whan the leprosy breaketh out in the skynne, and couereth the whole skynne, from the heade vnto the fote, all that the prest can se,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Also if the leprosie breake out in the skin, and the leprosie couer all the skin of the plague, from his head euen to his feete, wheresoeuer the Priest looketh,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  If a leprosie breake out abrode in the skynne, and couer all the skynne from his head to his foote wheresoeuer the priest loketh,

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And if a leprosy break out abroad in the skin, and the leprosy cover all the skin of [him that hath] the plague from his head even to his foot, wheresoever the priest looketh;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  "If the leprosy breaks out all over the skin, and the leprosy covers all the skin of the infected person from his head even to his feet, as far as it appears to the priest;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `And if the leprosy break out greatly in the skin, and the leprosy hath covered all the skin of `him who hath' the plague, from his head even unto his feet, to all that appeareth to the eyes of the priest,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And if the leprosy break out abroad in the skin, and the leprosy cover all the skin of `him that hath' the plague from his head even to his feet, as far as appeareth to the priest;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And if the leprosy break out abroad in the skin, and the leprosy cover all the skin of [him that hath] the plague from his head even to his feet, as far as appeareth to the priest;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And if the disease comes out all over his skin, from his head to his feet, as far as the priest is able to see,

• World English Bible (2000)

  "If the leprosy breaks out all over the skin, and the leprosy covers all the skin of the infected person from his head even to his feet, as far as it appears to the priest;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  If, however, the disease breaks out on the skin so that the disease covers all the skin of the person with the infection from his head to his feet, as far as the priest can see,

Referenced Verses

• 1 Kgs 8:38 : 38 { "verseID": "1 Kings.8.38", "source": "כָּל־תְּפִלָּ֣ה כָל־תְּחִנָּ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר תִֽהְיֶה֙ לְכָל־הָ֣אָדָ֔ם לְכֹ֖ל עַמְּךָ֣ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵדְע֗וּן אִ֚ישׁ נֶ֣גַע לְבָב֔וֹ וּפָרַ֥שׂ כַּפָּ֖יו אֶל־הַבַּ֥יִת הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "All-*təp̄illâ* all-*təḥinnâ* which *tihyeh* to all-*hāʾādām*, to all *ʿamməkā* *yiśrāʾēl*, which *yēdəʿûn* *ʾîš* *negaʿ* *ləbābô*, and *ûp̄āraś* *kappāyw* to *habbayit* *hazzeh*.", "grammar": { "*təp̄illâ*": "noun feminine singular - prayer", "*təḥinnâ*": "noun feminine singular - supplication", "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - there will be", "*hāʾādām*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the man/mankind", "*ʿamməkā*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yēdəʿûn*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural paragogic nun - they will know", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man/each one", "*negaʿ*": "noun masculine singular construct - plague of", "*ləbābô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*ûp̄āraś*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he spreads", "*kappāyw*": "noun feminine dual construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his palms/hands", "*habbayit*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the house", "*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective - this" }, "variants": { "*təp̄illâ*": "prayer/intercession", "*təḥinnâ*": "supplication/plea/entreaty", "*yādaʿ*": "know/understand/recognize", "*negaʿ*": "plague/stroke/wound/affliction", "*lēbāb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*pāraś*": "spread/stretch out/extend" } }
• Job 40:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Job.40.4", "source": "הֵ֣ן קַ֭לֹּתִי מָ֣ה אֲשִׁיבֶ֑ךָּ יָ֝דִ֗י שַׂ֣מְתִּי לְמוֹ־פִֽי׃", "text": "*hēn* *qallōtî* *mâ* *ʾăšîbekā* *yādî* *śamtî* *ləmô*-*pî*", "grammar": { "*hēn*": "demonstrative particle - behold, look", "*qallōtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I am insignificant/light/worthless", "*mâ*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*ʾăšîbekā*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will answer you", "*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my hand", "*śamtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have placed/put", "*ləmô*-*pî*": "preposition + 3rd plural suffix (poetic form) + noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - to my mouth" }, "variants": { "*qallōtî*": "to be light, insignificant, of little value", "*ʾăšîbekā*": "to answer, reply, respond", "*śamtî*": "to put, place, set", "*ləmô*": "archaic poetic form of preposition with suffix" } }
• Job 42:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Job.42.6", "source": "עַל־כֵּ֭ן אֶמְאַ֣ס וְנִחַ֑מְתִּי עַל־עָפָ֥ר וָאֵֽפֶר׃", "text": "Upon-*kēn* *ʾemʾas* and-*niḥamtî* upon-*ʿāpār* and-*ʾēper*", "grammar": { "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾemʾas*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular - I despise/reject", "*niḥamtî*": "Niphal perfect, 1st singular - I am comforted/I repent", "*ʿāpār*": "noun, masculine singular - dust", "*ʾēper*": "noun, masculine singular - ashes" }, "variants": { "*kēn*": "thus/so/therefore", "*ʾemʾas*": "I despise/I reject/I abhor", "*niḥamtî*": "I repent/I am comforted/I am sorry", "*ʿāpār*": "dust/dirt/earth", "*ʾēper*": "ashes/dust" } }
• Isa 64:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.64.6", "source": "וְאֵין־קוֹרֵ֣א בְשִׁמְךָ֔ מִתְעוֹרֵ֖ר לְהַחֲזִ֣יק בָּ֑ךְ כִּֽי־הִסְתַּ֤רְתָּ פָנֶ֙יךָ֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ וַתְּמוּגֵ֖נוּ בְּיַד־עֲוֺנֵֽנוּ׃", "text": "And none-*qôrēʾ* in *šimᵊkā* *mitᵊʿôrēr* to *haḥăzîq* in you for-*histartā* *pānêkā* from us and *tᵊmûgēnû* in hand-*ʿăwōnênû*", "grammar": { "*qôrēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - calling", "*šimᵊkā*": "common masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name", "*mitᵊʿôrēr*": "Hithpael participle masculine singular - rousing himself/stirring himself", "*haḥăzîq*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to take hold/grasp", "*histartā*": "Hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you hid", "*pānêkā*": "common masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your face", "*tᵊmûgēnû*": "Polel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - you melt us/dissolve us", "*ʿăwōnênû*": "common masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our iniquities" }, "variants": { "*qôrēʾ*": "calling/calling upon/invoking", "*mitᵊʿôrēr*": "rousing himself/stirring himself/awakening himself", "*haḥăzîq*": "to take hold/to grasp/to seize firmly", "*histartā*": "you hid/you concealed/you covered", "*pānêkā*": "your face/your presence/your attention", "*tᵊmûgēnû*": "you melt us/you dissolve us/you cause us to waste away", "*ʿăwōnênû*": "our iniquities/our sins/our guilt" } }
• John 16:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "John.16.8", "source": "Καὶ ἐλθὼν, ἐκεῖνος ἐλέγξει τὸν κόσμον περὶ ἁμαρτίας, καὶ περὶ δικαιοσύνης, καὶ περὶ κρίσεως:", "text": "And *elthōn*, that one will *elegxei* the *kosmon peri hamartias*, and *peri dikaiosynēs*, and *peri kriseōs*:", "grammar": { "Καὶ": "conjunction - and", "*elthōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having come", "ἐκεῖνος": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - that one", "*elegxei*": "future active indicative, 3rd person singular - will convict/expose", "τὸν": "definite article, accusative, masculine, singular - the", "*kosmon*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - world", "*peri*": "preposition - concerning", "*hamartias*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - sin", "καὶ": "conjunction - and", "*peri*": "preposition - concerning", "*dikaiosynēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - righteousness", "καὶ": "conjunction - and", "*peri*": "preposition - concerning", "*kriseōs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - judgment" }, "variants": { "*elthōn*": "having come/when he comes", "*elegxei*": "will convict/will expose/will prove wrong", "*kosmon*": "world/world-system/humanity", "*peri*": "concerning/about/regarding", "*hamartias*": "sin/wrongdoing", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice", "*kriseōs*": "judgment/decision/condemnation" } } 9 { "verseID": "John.16.9", "source": "Περὶ ἁμαρτίας μέν, ὅτι οὐ πιστεύουσιν εἰς ἐμέ·", "text": "*Peri hamartias men*, because not *pisteuousin eis* me;", "grammar": { "*Peri*": "preposition - concerning", "*hamartias*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - sin", "*men*": "particle indicating contrast with following clause - on the one hand", "ὅτι": "conjunction - because", "οὐ": "negative particle - not", "*pisteuousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they believe", "*eis*": "preposition - into/in", "ἐμέ": "personal pronoun, accusative, singular - me" }, "variants": { "*Peri*": "concerning/about/regarding", "*hamartias*": "sin/wrongdoing", "*men*": "on the one hand (usually paired with δέ in a following clause)", "*pisteuousin*": "they believe/they trust/they have faith", "*eis*": "into/in/toward (stronger than simple dative, implying movement toward and relationship with)" } }
• Rom 7:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Romans.7.14", "source": "Οἴδαμεν γὰρ ὅτι ὁ νόμος πνευματικός ἐστιν: ἐγὼ δὲ σαρκικός εἰμι, πεπραμένος ὑπὸ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν.", "text": "For we *oidamen* that the *nomos pneumatikos estin*: but I *sarkikos eimi*, having been *pepramenos hypo tēn hamartian*.", "grammar": { "*Oidamen*": "perfect indicative active, 1st person plural - we know", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*ho nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - the law", "*pneumatikos*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - spiritual", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*egō de*": "nominative, 1st person singular + conjunction - but I", "*sarkikos*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - fleshly/carnal", "*eimi*": "present indicative, 1st person singular - I am", "*pepramenos*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having been sold", "*hypo tēn hamartian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - under the sin" }, "variants": { "*oidamen*": "we know/understand/perceive", "*nomos*": "law/Torah/rule", "*pneumatikos*": "spiritual/of the spirit/belonging to the spirit", "*sarkikos*": "fleshly/carnal/of the flesh/belonging to the physical realm", "*pepramenos*": "having been sold/enslaved/placed under control", "*hypo tēn hamartian*": "under sin/under sin's control/subject to sin" } }
• 1 John 1:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "1 John.1.8", "source": "Ἐὰν εἴπωμεν ὅτι ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ ἔχομεν, ἑαυτοὺς πλανῶμεν, καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἡμῖν.", "text": "If we *eipōmen* that *hamartian* not we *echomen*, *heautous* we *planōmen*, and the *alētheia* not *estin* in us.", "grammar": { "*eipōmen*": "aorist subjunctive, 1st plural, active - we might say/claim [potential action]", "*hamartian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sin [direct object]", "*echomen*": "present, 1st plural, active - we have/possess [ongoing state]", "*heautous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, reflexive pronoun - ourselves", "*planōmen*": "present, 1st plural, active - we deceive/lead astray [ongoing action]", "*alētheia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - truth", "*estin*": "present, 3rd singular - is [ongoing state]" }, "variants": { "*eipōmen*": "might say/declare/claim", "*hamartian*": "sin/wrongdoing/error/failure", "*echomen*": "have/possess/hold/maintain", "*heautous*": "ourselves/our own selves", "*planōmen*": "deceive/lead astray/cause to wander/mislead", "*alētheia*": "truth/reality/genuineness", "*estin*": "is/exists/remains" } } 9 { "verseID": "1 John.1.9", "source": "Ἐὰν ὁμολογῶμεν τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν, πιστός ἐστιν καὶ δίκαιος ἵνα ἀφῇ ἡμῖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας, καὶ καθαρίσῃ ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἀδικίας.", "text": "If we *homologōmen* the *hamartias* of us, *pistos* *estin* and *dikaios* *hina* he might *aphē* to us the *hamartias*, and might *katharisē* us from all *adikias*.", "grammar": { "*homologōmen*": "present subjunctive, 1st plural, active - we might confess/acknowledge [potential ongoing action]", "*hamartias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - sins [direct object]", "*pistos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - faithful/trustworthy", "*estin*": "present, 3rd singular - is [ongoing state]", "*dikaios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - righteous/just", "*hina*": "conjunction introducing purpose clause - so that/in order that", "*aphē*": "aorist subjunctive, 3rd singular, active - might forgive/release [potential action]", "*hamartias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - sins [direct object]", "*katharisē*": "aorist subjunctive, 3rd singular, active - might cleanse/purify [potential action]", "*adikias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - unrighteousness/wrongdoing" }, "variants": { "*homologōmen*": "confess/acknowledge/agree/admit", "*hamartias*": "sins/wrongdoings/errors/failures", "*pistos*": "faithful/trustworthy/reliable/believable", "*estin*": "is/exists/remains", "*dikaios*": "righteous/just/fair/right", "*hina*": "so that/in order that/with the purpose that", "*aphē*": "forgive/release/let go/remit", "*katharisē*": "cleanse/purify/make clean", "*adikias*": "unrighteousness/injustice/wrongdoing/wickedness" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 John.1.10", "source": "Ἐὰν εἴπωμεν ὅτι οὐχ ἡμαρτήκαμεν, ψεύστην ποιοῦμεν αὐτὸν, καὶ ὁ λόγος αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἡμῖν.", "text": "If we *eipōmen* that not we have *hēmartēkamen*, *pseustēn* we *poioumen* him, and the *logos* of him not *estin* in us.", "grammar": { "*eipōmen*": "aorist subjunctive, 1st plural, active - we might say/claim [potential action]", "*hēmartēkamen*": "perfect, 1st plural, active - have sinned [completed action with present relevance]", "*pseustēn*": "accusative, masculine, singular - liar [direct object]", "*poioumen*": "present, 1st plural, active - we make/cause to be [ongoing action]", "*logos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - word/message", "*estin*": "present, 3rd singular - is [ongoing state]" }, "variants": { "*eipōmen*": "might say/declare/claim", "*hēmartēkamen*": "have sinned/have done wrong/have failed/have missed the mark", "*pseustēn*": "liar/one who speaks falsely", "*poioumen*": "make/cause to be/render/declare", "*logos*": "word/message/saying/account/reason", "*estin*": "is/exists/remains" } }