15{
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.15",
"source": "וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִתֵּ֧ן שְׁכָבְתּ֛וֹ בִּבְהֵמָ֖ה מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑ת וְאֶת־הַבְּהֵמָ֖ה תַּהֲרֹֽגוּ׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer* *yittēn* *šᵊkābtô* in-*bihēmāh* *môt* *yûmāt* and-*ʾet*-*ha-bᵊhēmāh* *taharōgû*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*yittēn*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - gives/puts",
"*šᵊkābtô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his emission/lying",
"*bi-bhēmāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in/with an animal",
"*môt* *yûmāt*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Hophal - surely be put to death",
"*wᵊ-ʾet*-*ha-bᵊhēmāh*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the animal",
"*taharōgû*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall kill"
},
"variants": {
"*yittēn* *šᵊkābtô*": "gives his emission/has sexual relations",
"*bihēmāh*": "animal/beast",
"*môt* *yûmāt*": "must surely be put to death/shall certainly be put to death",
"*taharōgû*": "you shall kill/you shall slay"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.16",
"source": "וְאִשָּׁ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּקְרַ֤ב אֶל־כָּל־בְּהֵמָה֙ לְרִבְעָ֣ה אֹתָ֔הּ וְהָרַגְתָּ֥ אֶת־הָאִשָּׁ֖ה וְאֶת־הַבְּהֵמָ֑ה מ֥וֹת יוּמָ֖תוּ דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם בָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾiššāh* *ʾăšer* *tiqrab* to-any-*bᵊhēmāh* to-*ribʿāh* *ʾōtāh* *wᵊ-hāragtā* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾiššāh* and-*ʾet*-*ha-bᵊhēmāh* *môt* *yûmātû* *dᵊmêhem* in-them",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾiššāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and a woman",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*tiqrab*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - approaches/draws near",
"*ʾel*-*kol*-*bᵊhēmāh*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, feminine singular - to any animal",
"*lᵊ-ribʿāh*": "preposition + infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to have it mate with her",
"*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix - it/her",
"*wᵊ-hāragtā*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall kill",
"*ʾet*-*hā-ʾiššāh*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the woman",
"*wᵊ-ʾet*-*ha-bᵊhēmāh*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the animal",
"*môt* *yûmātû*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Hophal - surely be put to death",
"*dᵊmêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their blood",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them/upon them"
},
"variants": {
"*tiqrab*": "approaches/draws near to/presents herself to",
"*ribʿāh*": "to have it mate with her/for sexual contact",
"*hāragtā*": "you shall kill/you shall put to death",
"*môt* *yûmātû*": "must surely be put to death/shall certainly be put to death",
"*dᵊmêhem* *bām*": "their blood is upon them/they are responsible for their own death/their bloodguilt is on themselves"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.17",
"source": "וְאִ֣ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יִקַּ֣ח אֶת־אֲחֹת֡וֹ בַּת־אָבִ֣יו א֣וֹ בַת־אִ֠מּוֹ וְרָאָ֨ה אֶת־עֶרְוָתָ֜הּ וְהִֽיא־תִרְאֶ֤ה אֶת־עֶרְוָתוֹ֙ חֶ֣סֶד ה֔וּא וְנִ֨כְרְת֔וּ לְעֵינֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י עַמָּ֑ם עֶרְוַ֧ת אֲחֹת֛וֹ גִּלָּ֖ה עֲוֺנ֥וֹ יִשָּֽׂא׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer*-*yiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-*ʾăḥōtô* daughter-of-*ʾābîw* or daughter-of-*ʾimmô* *wᵊ-rāʾāh* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh* and-she-*tirʾeh* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātô* *ḥesed* it and-*nikrᵊtû* before-eyes-of *bᵊnê* *ʿammām* *ʿerwat* *ʾăḥōtô* *gillāh* *ʿăwōnô* *yiśśāʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*-*yiqqaḥ*": "relative pronoun + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - who takes",
"*ʾet*-*ʾăḥōtô*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sister",
"*bat*-*ʾābîw*": "noun, feminine singular construct + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - daughter of his father",
"*ʾô* *bat*-*ʾimmô*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or daughter of his mother",
"*wᵊ-rāʾāh*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sees",
"*ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness",
"*wᵊ-hîʾ*-*tirʾeh*": "conjunction + 3rd feminine singular personal pronoun + imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she sees",
"*ʾet*-*ʿerwātô*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his nakedness",
"*ḥesed*": "noun, masculine singular - disgrace/shame",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular personal pronoun - it is",
"*wᵊ-nikrᵊtû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural, Niphal - and they shall be cut off",
"*lᵊ-ʿênê*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct - before the eyes of",
"*bᵊnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - children of",
"*ʿammām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their people",
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*ʾăḥōtô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sister",
"*gillāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel - he has uncovered",
"*ʿăwōnô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his iniquity",
"*yiśśāʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall bear"
},
"variants": {
"*yiqqaḥ*": "takes/marries/has relations with",
"*ʾăḥōtô*": "his sister/his half-sister",
"*rāʾāh* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*": "sees her nakedness/has sexual relations with her",
"*ḥesed*": "disgrace/shame/reproach",
"*nikrᵊtû*": "shall be cut off/shall be removed/shall be excluded",
"*ʿerwat* *ʾăḥōtô* *gillāh*": "he has uncovered his sister's nakedness/he has had sexual relations with his sister",
"*ʿăwōnô* *yiśśāʾ*": "he shall bear his iniquity/he shall be responsible for his guilt"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.18",
"source": "וְ֠אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יִשְׁכַּ֨ב אֶת־אִשָּׁ֜ה דָּוָ֗ה וְגִלָּ֤ה אֶת־עֶרְוָתָהּ֙ אֶת־מְקֹרָ֣הּ הֶֽעֱרָ֔ה וְהִ֕יא גִּלְּתָ֖ה אֶת־מְק֣וֹר דָּמֶ֑יהָ וְנִכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer*-*yiškab* *ʾet*-*ʾiššāh* *dāwāh* *wᵊ-gillāh* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh* *ʾet*-*mᵊqōrāh* *heʿĕrāh* and-she *gillᵊtāh* *ʾet*-*mᵊqôr* *dāmêhā* *wᵊ-nikrᵊtû* *šᵊnêhem* from-midst *ʿammām*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*-*yiškab*": "relative pronoun + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - who lies with",
"*ʾet*-*ʾiššāh*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular - a woman",
"*dāwāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - menstruating/impure",
"*wᵊ-gillāh*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel - and uncovers",
"*ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness",
"*ʾet*-*mᵊqōrāh*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her source",
"*heʿĕrāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Hiphil - he has laid bare",
"*wᵊ-hîʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd feminine singular personal pronoun - and she",
"*gillᵊtāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular, Piel - has uncovered",
"*ʾet*-*mᵊqôr*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - the source of",
"*dāmêhā*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her blood",
"*wᵊ-nikrᵊtû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural, Niphal - and they shall be cut off",
"*šᵊnêhem*": "numeral, masculine dual with 3rd masculine plural suffix - both of them",
"*mi-qereb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of",
"*ʿammām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their people"
},
"variants": {
"*yiškab*": "lies with/has sexual relations with",
"*dāwāh*": "menstruating/impure/in her menstrual impurity",
"*gillāh* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*": "uncovers her nakedness/has sexual relations with her",
"*mᵊqōrāh* *heʿĕrāh*": "laid bare her source/exposed her fountain",
"*gillᵊtāh* *ʾet*-*mᵊqôr* *dāmêhā*": "she has uncovered the source of her blood/she has exposed her bleeding",
"*nikrᵊtû*": "shall be cut off/shall be removed/shall be excluded",
"*mi-qereb* *ʿammām*": "from among their people/from the midst of their community"
}
}
19{
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.19",
"source": "וְעֶרְוַ֨ת אֲח֧וֹת אִמְּךָ֛ וַאֲח֥וֹת אָבִ֖יךָ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה כִּ֧י אֶת־שְׁאֵר֛וֹ הֶעֱרָ֖ה עֲוֺנָ֥ם יִשָּֽׂאוּ׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʿerwat* sister-of *ʾimmᵊkā* and-sister-of *ʾābîkā* not *tᵊgalleh* *kî* *ʾet*-*šᵊʾērô* *heʿĕrāh* *ʿăwōnām* *yiśśāʾû*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʿerwat*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and the nakedness of",
"*ʾăḥôt* *ʾimmᵊkā*": "noun, feminine singular construct + noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your mother's sister",
"*wa-ʾăḥôt* *ʾābîkā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct + noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your father's sister",
"*lōʾ* *tᵊgalleh*": "negative particle + imperfect, 2nd masculine singular, Piel - you shall not uncover",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ʾet*-*šᵊʾērô*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his flesh/relative",
"*heʿĕrāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Hiphil - he has laid bare",
"*ʿăwōnām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their iniquity",
"*yiśśāʾû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall bear"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿerwat*": "nakedness of/sexual relations with",
"*ʾăḥôt* *ʾimmᵊkā*": "your mother's sister/your maternal aunt",
"*ʾăḥôt* *ʾābîkā*": "your father's sister/your paternal aunt",
"*tᵊgalleh*": "uncover/expose/have sexual relations with",
"*šᵊʾērô* *heʿĕrāh*": "has laid bare his own flesh/exposed his relative",
"*ʿăwōnām* *yiśśāʾû*": "they shall bear their iniquity/they shall be responsible for their guilt"
}
}
20{
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.20",
"source": "וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יִשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־דֹּ֣דָת֔וֹ עֶרְוַ֥ת דֹּד֖וֹ גִּלָּ֑ה חֶטְאָ֥ם יִשָּׂ֖אוּ עֲרִירִ֥ים יָמֻֽתוּ׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer* *yiškab* *ʾet*-*dōdātô* *ʿerwat* *dōdô* *gillāh* *ḥeṭʾām* *yiśśāʾû* *ʿărîrîm* *yāmutû*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*yiškab*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - lies with",
"*ʾet*-*dōdātô*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his aunt",
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*dōdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his uncle",
"*gillāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel - he has uncovered",
"*ḥeṭʾām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sin",
"*yiśśāʾû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall bear",
"*ʿărîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - childless",
"*yāmutû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall die"
},
"variants": {
"*yiškab*": "lies with/has sexual relations with",
"*dōdātô*": "his aunt/his uncle's wife",
"*ʿerwat* *dōdô* *gillāh*": "he has uncovered his uncle's nakedness/he has dishonored his uncle",
"*ḥeṭʾām* *yiśśāʾû*": "they shall bear their sin/they shall be responsible for their guilt",
"*ʿărîrîm* *yāmutû*": "they shall die childless/they shall die without offspring"
}
}
21{
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.21",
"source": "וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִקַּ֛ח אֶת־אֵ֥שֶׁת אָחִ֖יו נִדָּ֣ה הִ֑וא עֶרְוַ֥ת אָחִ֛יו גִּלָּ֖ה עֲרִירִ֥ים יִהְיֽוּ׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer* *yiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-*ʾēšet* *ʾāḥîw* *niddāh* she *ʿerwat* *ʾāḥîw* *gillāh* *ʿărîrîm* *yihyû*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*yiqqaḥ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - takes",
"*ʾet*-*ʾēšet*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - wife of",
"*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother",
"*niddāh*": "noun, feminine singular - impurity",
"*hîwʾ*": "3rd feminine singular personal pronoun - it is/she is",
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother",
"*gillāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel - he has uncovered",
"*ʿărîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - childless",
"*yihyû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall be"
},
"variants": {
"*yiqqaḥ*": "takes/marries/has relations with",
"*ʾēšet* *ʾāḥîw*": "his brother's wife/his sister-in-law",
"*niddāh*": "impurity/menstrual impurity/uncleanness",
"*ʿerwat* *ʾāḥîw* *gillāh*": "he has uncovered his brother's nakedness/he has dishonored his brother",
"*ʿărîrîm* *yihyû*": "they shall be childless/they shall remain without offspring"
}
}