Mark 14:37

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Mark.14.37", "source": "Καὶ ἔρχεται, καὶ εὑρίσκει αὐτοὺς καθεύδοντας, καὶ λέγει τῷ Πέτρῳ, Σίμων, καθεύδεις; οὐκ ἴσχυσας μίαν ὥραν γρηγορῆσαι;", "text": "And *erchetai*, and *heuriskei* them *katheudontаs*, and *legei* to the *Petrō*, *Simōn*, *katheudeis*? not *ischysas* one *hōran* *grēgorēsai*?", "grammar": { "*erchetai*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - he comes", "*heuriskei*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - he finds", "*katheudontаs*": "present participle, accusative plural masculine - sleeping", "*legei*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - he says", "*Petrō*": "dative singular masculine - to Peter", "*Simōn*": "vocative singular masculine - Simon", "*katheudeis*": "present indicative, 2nd person singular - you are sleeping", "*ischysas*": "aorist indicative, 2nd person singular - you were able", "*hōran*": "accusative singular feminine - hour", "*grēgorēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to stay awake" }, "variants": { "*heuriskei*": "he finds/discovers", "*katheudontаs*": "sleeping/being asleep", "*katheudeis*": "you are sleeping/you sleep", "*ischysas*": "you were able/had strength", "*grēgorēsai*": "to stay awake/keep watch" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Καὶ ἔρχεται, καὶ εὑρίσκει αὐτοὺς καθεύδοντας, καὶ λέγει τῷ Πέτρῳ, Σίμων, καθεύδεις; οὐκ ἴσχυσας μίαν ὥραν γρηγορῆσαι;

Transliteration

And erchetai, and heuriskei them katheudontаs, and legei to the Petrō, Simōn, katheudeis? not ischysas one hōran grēgorēsai?

Grammar Details

• *erchetai*: present indicative, 3rd person singular - he comes
• *heuriskei*: present indicative, 3rd person singular - he finds
• *katheudontаs*: present participle, accusative plural masculine - sleeping
• *legei*: present indicative, 3rd person singular - he says
• *Petrō*: dative singular masculine - to Peter
• *Simōn*: vocative singular masculine - Simon
• *katheudeis*: present indicative, 2nd person singular - you are sleeping
• *ischysas*: aorist indicative, 2nd person singular - you were able
• *hōran*: accusative singular feminine - hour
• *grēgorēsai*: aorist active infinitive - to stay awake

Word Meanings

• *heuriskei*: he finds/discovers
• *katheudontаs*: sleeping/being asleep
• *katheudeis*: you are sleeping/you sleep
• *ischysas*: you were able/had strength
• *grēgorēsai*: to stay awake/keep watch

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Then he returned to his disciples and found them sleeping. "Simon," he said to Peter, "are you asleep? Couldn't you keep watch for one hour?

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And he cometh, and findeth them sleeping, and saith unto Peter, Simon, sleepest thou? couldest not thou watch one hour?

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And he came and found them sleeping, and said to Peter, Simon, are you sleeping? Could you not watch one hour?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And he cometh, and findeth them sleeping, and saith unto Peter, Simon, sleepest thou? couldest not thou watch one hour?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And{G2532} he cometh,{G2064} and{G2532} findeth{G2147} them{G846} sleeping,{G2518} and{G2532} saith{G3004} unto Peter,{G4074} Simon,{G4613} sleepest thou?{G2518} couldest{G2480} thou not{G3756} watch{G1127} one{G1520} hour?{G5610}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And{G2532} he cometh{G2064}{(G5736)}, and{G2532} findeth{G2147}{(G5719)} them{G846} sleeping{G2518}{(G5723)}, and{G2532} saith{G3004}{(G5719)} unto Peter{G4074}, Simon{G4613}, sleepest thou{G2518}{(G5719)}? couldest{G2480}{(G5656)} not{G3756} thou watch{G1127}{(G5658)} one{G3391} hour{G5610}?

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And he cam and founde the slepinge and sayd to Peter: Simon slepest thou? Couldest not thou watche with me one houre?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And he came vnto them, and founde the slepynge, and sayde vnto Peter: Symon, slepest thou? Couldest thou not watch with me one houre?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then hee came, and founde them sleeping, and said to Peter, Simon, sleepest thou? Couldest not thou watche one houre?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And he came & founde them slepyng, and sayth vnto Peter: Simon, slepest thou? Couldest not thou watche one houre?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And he cometh, and findeth them sleeping, and saith unto Peter, ‹Simon, sleepest thou? couldest not thou watch one hour?›

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  He came and found them sleeping, and said to Peter, "Simon, are you sleeping? Couldn't you watch one hour?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And he cometh, and findeth them sleeping, and saith to Peter, `Simon, thou dost sleep! thou wast not able to watch one hour!

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he cometh, and findeth them sleeping, and saith unto Peter, Simon, sleepest thou? couldest thou not watch one hour?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he cometh, and findeth them sleeping, and saith unto Peter, Simon, sleepest thou? couldest thou not watch one hour?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And he came, and saw them sleeping, and said to Peter, Simon, are you sleeping? were you not able to keep watch one hour?

• World English Bible (2000)

  He came and found them sleeping, and said to Peter, "Simon, are you sleeping? Couldn't you watch one hour?

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Then he came and found them sleeping, and said to Peter,“Simon, are you sleeping? Couldn’t you stay awake for one hour?

Referenced Verses

• Matt 25:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Matthew.25.5", "source": "Χρονίζοντος δὲ τοῦ νυμφίου, ἐνύσταξαν πᾶσαι καὶ ἐκάθευδον.", "text": "*Chronizontos* *de* the *nymphiou*, *enystaxan* *pasai* and *ekatheudōn*.", "grammar": { "*chronizontos*": "present active participle, genitive masculine singular - delaying", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*nymphiou*": "genitive masculine singular - of bridegroom", "*enystaxan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - nodded off/became drowsy", "*pasai*": "nominative feminine plural - all", "*ekatheudōn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were sleeping" }, "variants": { "*chronizontos*": "delaying/tarrying/being delayed", "*de*": "but/and/now", "*nymphiou*": "bridegroom/newly married man", "*enystaxan*": "became drowsy/nodded off/began to sleep", "*pasai*": "all/every one of them", "*ekatheudōn*": "were sleeping/were asleep [continuous state]" } }
• Matt 26:40 : 40 { "verseID": "Matthew.26.40", "source": "Καὶ ἔρχεται πρὸς τοὺς μαθητάς, καὶ εὑρίσκει αὐτοὺς καθεύδοντας, καὶ λέγει τῷ Πέτρῳ, Οὕτως, οὐκ ἰσχύσατε μίαν ὥραν γρηγορῆσαι μετʼ ἐμοῦ;", "text": "And *erchetai pros* the *mathētas*, and *heuriskei* them *katheudontas*, and *legei* to the *Petrō*, *Houtōs*, not *ischysate mian hōran grēgorēsai* with *emou*?", "grammar": { "*erchetai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd person singular - he comes", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/toward", "*mathētas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - disciples", "*heuriskei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - he finds", "*katheudontas*": "present active participle, accusative masculine plural - sleeping", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - he says", "*Petrō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Peter", "*Houtōs*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ischysate*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd person plural - you were able/strong", "*mian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - one", "*hōran*": "accusative, feminine, singular - hour", "*grēgorēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to watch/stay awake", "*emou*": "genitive, 1st person singular - of me/with me" }, "variants": { "*erchetai*": "comes/arrives/goes", "*pros*": "to/toward/with", "*mathētas*": "disciples/pupils/students", "*heuriskei*": "finds/discovers", "*katheudontas*": "sleeping/slumbering", "*legei*": "says/tells/speaks", "*Houtōs*": "thus/so/in this manner", "*ischysate*": "you were able/you were strong enough/you had strength", "*hōran*": "hour/period of time", "*grēgorēsai*": "to watch/to stay awake/to be alert" } }
• Mark 14:29-31 : 29 { "verseID": "Mark.14.29", "source": "Ὁ δὲ Πέτρος ἔφη αὐτῷ, Καὶ εἰ πάντες σκανδαλισθήσονται, ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐγώ.", "text": "But the *Petros* *ephē* to him, Even if *pantes* *skandalisthēsontai*, yet not I.", "grammar": { "*Petros*": "nominative singular masculine - Peter", "*ephē*": "imperfect indicative, 3rd person singular - he was saying/declared", "*pantes*": "nominative plural masculine - all", "*skandalisthēsontai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they will be caused to stumble" }, "variants": { "*ephē*": "he was saying/declared/affirmed", "*skandalisthēsontai*": "they will be caused to stumble/fall away/desert" } } 30 { "verseID": "Mark.14.30", "source": "Καὶ λέγει αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Ἀμὴν λέγω σοι, Ὅτι σήμερον, ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ ταύτῃ, πρὶν ἢ δὶς ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι, τρὶς ἀπαρνήσῃ με.", "text": "And *legei* to him the *Iēsous*, *Amēn* *legō* to you, That *sēmeron*, in the *nykti* *tautē*, before *dis* *alektora* *phōnēsai*, *tris* *aparnēsē* me.", "grammar": { "*legei*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - he says", "*Iēsous*": "nominative singular masculine - Jesus", "*Amēn*": "Hebraic affirmation - truly/verily", "*legō*": "present indicative, 1st person singular - I say", "*sēmeron*": "adverb - today", "*nykti*": "dative singular feminine - night", "*tautē*": "demonstrative pronoun, dative singular feminine - this", "*dis*": "adverb - twice", "*alektora*": "accusative singular masculine - rooster", "*phōnēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to crow", "*tris*": "adverb - three times", "*aparnēsē*": "future indicative, 2nd person singular - you will deny" }, "variants": { "*alektora*": "rooster/cock", "*phōnēsai*": "to crow/call out", "*aparnēsē*": "you will deny/disown/renounce" } } 31 { "verseID": "Mark.14.31", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἐκπερισσοῦ ἔλεγεν μᾶλλον, Ἐάν με δέῃ συναποθανεῖν σοι, οὐ μή σε ἀπαρνήσομαι. Ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ πάντες ἔλεγον.", "text": "But he *ekperissou* *elegen* *mallon*, If me it *deē* *synapothanein* with you, *ou mē* you *aparnēsomai*. *Hōsautōs* and also *pantes* *elegon*.", "grammar": { "*ekperissou*": "adverbial phrase - vehemently/more insistently", "*elegen*": "imperfect indicative, 3rd person singular - he was saying", "*mallon*": "adverb - rather/more", "*deē*": "present subjunctive, 3rd person singular - it may be necessary", "*synapothanein*": "aorist active infinitive - to die with", "*ou mē*": "emphatic negation - definitely not", "*aparnēsomai*": "future indicative, 1st person singular - I will deny", "*Hōsautōs*": "adverb - likewise/similarly", "*pantes*": "nominative plural masculine - all", "*elegon*": "imperfect indicative, 3rd person plural - they were saying" }, "variants": { "*ekperissou*": "vehemently/more insistently/all the more", "*mallon*": "rather/more/even more", "*deē*": "it may be necessary/required", "*synapothanein*": "to die with/die together with", "*aparnēsomai*": "I will deny/disown/renounce", "*Hōsautōs*": "likewise/in the same way" } }
• Mark 14:40-41 : 40 { "verseID": "Mark.14.40", "source": "Καὶ ὑποστρέψας, εὗρεν αὐτοὺς πάλιν καθεύδοντας, (ἦσαν γὰρ οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ αὐτῶν βεβαρημένοι,) καὶ οὐκ ᾔδεισαν τί αὐτῷ ἀποκριθῶσιν.", "text": "And *hypostrepsas*, *heuren* them *palin* *katheudontаs*, (were for the *ophthalmoi* of them *bebarēmenoi*,) and not *ēdeisan* what him *apokrithōsin*.", "grammar": { "*hypostrepsas*": "aorist participle, nominative singular masculine - having returned", "*heuren*": "aorist indicative, 3rd person singular - he found", "*palin*": "adverb - again", "*katheudontаs*": "present participle, accusative plural masculine - sleeping", "*ophthalmoi*": "nominative plural masculine - eyes", "*bebarēmenoi*": "perfect passive participle, nominative plural masculine - having been weighed down", "*ēdeisan*": "pluperfect indicative, 3rd person plural - they had known", "*apokrithōsin*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they might answer" }, "variants": { "*hypostrepsas*": "having returned/come back", "*katheudontаs*": "sleeping/being asleep", "*bebarēmenoi*": "having been weighed down/heavy/burdened", "*ēdeisan*": "they had known/understood", "*apokrithōsin*": "they might answer/reply" } } 41 { "verseID": "Mark.14.41", "source": "Καὶ ἔρχεται τὸ τρίτον, καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς, Καθεύδετε τὸ λοιπὸν, καὶ ἀναπαύεσθε: ἀπέχει, ἦλθεν ἡ ὥρα· ἰδού, παραδίδοται ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου εἰς τὰς χεῖρας τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν.", "text": "And *erchetai* the third time, and *legei* to them, *Katheudete* the *loipon*, and *anapauesthe*: it is *apechei*, *ēlthen* the *hōra*; *idou*, *paradidotai* the *Huios* of the *anthrōpou* into the *cheiras* of the *hamartōlōn*.", "grammar": { "*erchetai*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - he comes", "*legei*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - he says", "*Katheudete*": "present imperative, 2nd person plural - sleep", "*loipon*": "accusative singular neuter - remaining time", "*anapauesthe*": "present imperative middle, 2nd person plural - rest", "*apechei*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - it is enough", "*ēlthen*": "aorist indicative, 3rd person singular - has come", "*hōra*": "nominative singular feminine - hour", "*idou*": "interjection - behold", "*paradidotai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is being betrayed", "*Huios*": "nominative singular masculine - Son", "*anthrōpou*": "genitive singular masculine - of man", "*cheiras*": "accusative plural feminine - hands", "*hamartōlōn*": "genitive plural masculine - of sinners" }, "variants": { "*Katheudete*": "sleep/continue sleeping", "*loipon*": "remaining time/hereafter", "*anapauesthe*": "rest/take your rest", "*apechei*": "it is enough/it is sufficient/the hour has come", "*hōra*": "hour/appointed time", "*idou*": "behold/look/see", "*paradidotai*": "is being betrayed/handed over", "*Huios tou anthrōpou*": "Son of Man", "*hamartōlōn*": "of sinners/sinful people" } }
• Luke 9:31-32 : 31 { "verseID": "Luke.9.31", "source": "Οἳ ὀφθέντες ἐν δόξῃ, ἔλεγον τὴν ἔξοδον αὐτοῦ ἣν ἔμελλεν πληροῦν ἐν Ἰερουσαλήμ.", "text": "Who having *ophthentes* in *doxē*, were *elegon* the *exodon* of him which he *emellen* *plēroun* in *Ierousalēm*.", "grammar": { "*ophthentes*": "aorist passive participle, nominative masculine plural - having appeared/been seen", "*doxē*": "dative feminine singular - glory", "*elegon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were speaking/saying", "*exodon*": "accusative feminine singular - departure/exodus", "*emellen*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was about to", "*plēroun*": "present active infinitive - to fulfill/accomplish", "*Ierousalēm*": "dative feminine singular - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*ophthentes*": "appearing/being visible/being seen", "*doxē*": "glory/splendor/brilliance", "*exodon*": "departure/exodus/death", "*emellen*": "was about to/was going to/intended", "*plēroun*": "fulfill/complete/accomplish" } } 32 { "verseID": "Luke.9.32", "source": "Ὁ δὲ Πέτρος καὶ οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ ἦσαν βεβαρημένοι ὕπνῳ: διαγρηγορήσαντες δὲ, εἶδον τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ, καὶ τοὺς δύο ἄνδρας τοὺς συνεστῶτας αὐτῷ.", "text": "The *de* *Petros* and those with him *ēsan* *bebarēmenoi* with *hypnō*: *diagrēgorēsantes* *de*, they *eidon* the *doxan* of him, and the two *andras* *sunestōtas* him.", "grammar": { "*de*": "conjunction - but/and, transitional particle", "*Petros*": "nominative masculine singular - Peter", "*ēsan*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were", "*bebarēmenoi*": "perfect passive participle, nominative masculine plural - having been weighed down", "*hypnō*": "dative masculine singular - with sleep", "*diagrēgorēsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having become fully awake", "*eidon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they saw", "*doxan*": "accusative feminine singular - glory", "*andras*": "accusative masculine plural - men", "*sunestōtas*": "perfect active participle, accusative masculine plural - standing with" }, "variants": { "*bebarēmenoi*": "weighed down/burdened/heavy", "*hypnō*": "sleep/slumber", "*diagrēgorēsantes*": "becoming fully awake/remaining awake/staying alert", "*eidon*": "saw/perceived/beheld", "*doxan*": "glory/splendor/honor", "*sunestōtas*": "standing with/being present with/accompanying" } }
• Luke 22:45-46 : 45 { "verseID": "Luke.22.45", "source": "Καὶ ἀναστὰς ἀπὸ τῆς προσευχῆς, ἐλθὼν πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ, εὗρεν αὐτοὺς κοιμωμένους ἀπὸ τῆς λύπης,", "text": "And *anastas* from the *proseuchēs*, *elthōn pros* the *mathētas* of him, *heuren* them *koimōmenous* from the *lypēs*,", "grammar": { "*anastas*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having risen", "*apo tēs proseuchēs*": "preposition + genitive, feminine, singular - from the prayer", "*elthōn*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having come", "*pros tous mathētas autou*": "preposition + accusative, masculine, plural + genitive, personal pronoun - to his disciples", "*heuren*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - found", "*autous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, personal pronoun - them", "*koimōmenous*": "present, middle, participle, accusative, masculine, plural - sleeping", "*apo tēs lypēs*": "preposition + genitive, feminine, singular - from the sorrow" }, "variants": { "*anastas*": "having risen/having stood up", "*proseuchēs*": "prayer/petition", "*elthōn*": "having come/having gone", "*heuren*": "found/discovered", "*koimōmenous*": "sleeping/reposing", "*lypēs*": "sorrow/grief/distress" } } 46 { "verseID": "Luke.22.46", "source": "Καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς, Τί καθεύδετε; ἀναστάντες προσεύχεσθε, ἵνα μὴ εἰσέλθητε εἰς πειρασμόν.", "text": "And *eipen* to them, Why do you *katheudete*? *anastantes proseuchesthe*, that not you *eiselthēte* into *peirasmon*.", "grammar": { "*eipen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - said", "*autois*": "dative, masculine, plural, personal pronoun - to them", "*Ti*": "interrogative pronoun - why", "*katheudete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - sleep", "*anastantes*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having risen", "*proseuchesthe*": "present, middle, imperative, 2nd person plural - pray", "*hina mē*": "conjunction + negative - that not", "*eiselthēte*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you enter", "*eis peirasmon*": "preposition + accusative, masculine, singular - into temptation" }, "variants": { "*katheudete*": "sleep/slumber", "*anastantes*": "having risen/having gotten up", "*proseuchesthe*": "pray/make petition", "*eiselthēte*": "you enter/you come into", "*peirasmon*": "temptation/trial/test" } }
• 2 Sam 16:17 : 17 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.16.17", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ אֶל־חוּשַׁ֔י זֶ֥ה חַסְדְּךָ֖ אֶת־רֵעֶ֑ךָ לָ֥מָּה לֹֽא־הָלַ֖כְתָּ אֶת־רֵעֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *ʾAbšālôm* to *Ḥûšay*, \"*Zeh* *ḥasdəkā* *ʾeṯ-rēʿekā*? *Lāmmāh* *lōʾ-hālaktā* *ʾeṯ-rēʿekā*?\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾAbšālôm*": "proper noun - Absalom", "*Ḥûšay*": "proper noun - Hushai", "*Zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*ḥasdəkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your loyalty", "*ʾeṯ-rēʿekā*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your friend", "*Lāmmāh*": "interrogative - why", "*lōʾ-hālaktā*": "negative particle + qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you did not go", "*ʾeṯ-rēʿekā*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your friend" }, "variants": { "*ḥasdəkā*": "your loyalty/your kindness/your faithfulness", "*lōʾ-hālaktā*": "you did not go/you did not follow/you did not accompany" } }
• Heb 12:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Hebrews.12.3", "source": "Ἀναλογίσασθε γὰρ τὸν τοιαύτην ὑπομεμενηκότα ὑπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν εἰς αὑτὸν ἀντιλογίαν, ἵνα μὴ κάμητε ταῖς ψυχαῖς ὑμῶν ἐκλυόμενοι.", "text": "*Analogisasthe* for the such *hypomemenēkota* by the *hamartōlōn* against himself *antilogian*, so that not you *kamēte* in the *psychais* of you *eklyomenoi*.", "grammar": { "*Analogisasthe*": "verb, aorist middle imperative, 2nd person plural - consider/think about carefully", "*hypomemenēkota*": "participle, perfect active, accusative, singular, masculine - having endured/withstood", "*hamartōlōn*": "noun, genitive, plural, masculine - of sinners", "*antilogian*": "noun, accusative, singular, feminine - opposition/contradiction/hostility", "*kamēte*": "verb, aorist active subjunctive, 2nd person plural - grow weary/become exhausted", "*psychais*": "noun, dative, plural, feminine - souls/inner beings", "*eklyomenoi*": "participle, present middle/passive, nominative, plural, masculine - growing weary/becoming exhausted/fainting" }, "variants": { "*Analogisasthe*": "consider/think about carefully/compare/reckon up", "*antilogian*": "opposition/contradiction/hostility/dispute", "*kamēte*": "grow weary/become exhausted/faint", "*psychais*": "souls/inner beings/lives/minds", "*eklyomenoi*": "growing weary/becoming exhausted/fainting/losing heart" } }
• Jer 12:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.12.5", "source": "כִּ֣י אֶת־רַגְלִ֥ים ׀ רַ֙צְתָּה֙ וַיַּלְא֔וּךָ וְאֵ֥יךְ תְּתַֽחֲרֶ֖ה אֶת־הַסּוּסִ֑ים וּבְאֶ֤רֶץ שָׁלוֹם֙ אַתָּ֣ה בוֹטֵ֔חַ וְאֵ֥יךְ תַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה בִּגְא֥וֹן הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃", "text": "For *ʾet*-*raglîm* you-*raṣtāh* *wa*-they-*yalʾûkā* *wə*-how you-*tətaḥăreh* *ʾet*-*hassûsîm* *û*-in-*ʾereṣ* *šālôm* you *bôṭēaḥ* *wə*-how you-*taʿăśeh* in-*gəʾôn* *hayyardēn*", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*raglîm*": "noun, masculine plural - footmen/those on foot", "*raṣtāh*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you run", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*yalʾûkā*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - they weary you", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*tətaḥăreh*": "verb, Hithpael imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you compete/contend", "*hassûsîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the horses", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace/safety", "*bôṭēaḥ*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine singular - trusting/secure", "*taʿăśeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will do", "*gəʾôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - majesty/swelling/pride", "*hayyardēn*": "noun, proper, masculine singular with definite article - the Jordan" }, "variants": { "*raṣtāh*": "run/race", "*yalʾûkā*": "weary you/exhaust you", "*tətaḥăreh*": "compete/contend/race against", "*šālôm*": "peace/safety/security", "*bôṭēaḥ*": "trusting/secure/confident", "*gəʾôn hayyardēn*": "majesty of Jordan/thickets of Jordan/swelling of Jordan" } }
• Jonah 1:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Jonah.1.6", "source": "וַיִּקְרַ֤ב אֵלָיו֙ רַ֣ב הַחֹבֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֥אמֶר ל֖וֹ מַה־לְּךָ֣ נִרְדָּ֑ם ק֚וּם קְרָ֣א אֶל־אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ אוּלַ֞י יִתְעַשֵּׁ֧ת הָאֱלֹהִ֛ים לָ֖נוּ וְלֹ֥א נֹאבֵֽד׃", "text": "And-*wayyiqraḇ* unto-him *raḇ* the-*ḥōḇēl* and-*wayyōmer* to-him what-to-you *nirdām* *qûm* *qərāʾ* unto-*ʾĕlōheḵā* perhaps *yiṯʿaššēṯ* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* for-us and-not we-perish", "grammar": { "*wayyiqraḇ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he came near", "*raḇ*": "noun masculine singular construct - chief/captain", "*ḥōḇēl*": "noun masculine singular + definite article - sailor/pilot", "*wayyōmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*nirdām*": "niphal participle masculine singular - sleeping/sleeper", "*qûm*": "qal imperative masculine singular - arise", "*qərāʾ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - call", "*ʾĕlōheḵā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*yiṯʿaššēṯ*": "hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will think about/consider/take notice", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural + definite article - the God/gods" }, "variants": { "*raḇ* *ḥōḇēl*": "captain of the ship/chief sailor/pilot", "*nirdām*": "sleeping soundly/in deep sleep/slumbering", "*yiṯʿaššēṯ*": "will think about/consider/take notice of/have compassion on", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/deity" } }
• 1 Thess 5:6-8 : 6 { "verseID": "1 Thessalonians.5.6", "source": "Ἄρα οὖν μὴ καθεύδωμεν, ὡς καὶ οἱ λοιποί· ἀλλὰ γρηγορῶμεν καὶ νήφωμεν.", "text": "*Ara oun mē katheudōmen, hōs kai hoi loipoi; alla grēgorōmen kai nēphōmen*.", "grammar": { "*Ara oun*": "inferential conjunction - therefore then/so then", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*katheudōmen*": "present, active, subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us sleep/we should sleep", "*hōs*": "comparative particle - as/like", "*kai*": "adverbial - also/even", "*hoi loipoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural with article - the rest/the others", "*alla*": "adversative conjunction - but", "*grēgorōmen*": "present, active, subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us be alert/let us stay awake", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*nēphōmen*": "present, active, subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us be sober/let us be self-controlled" }, "variants": { "*katheudōmen*": "let us sleep/we should sleep (metaphorical for spiritual unawareness)", "*loipoi*": "rest/others/remainder", "*grēgorōmen*": "let us be alert/let us stay awake/let us be vigilant", "*nēphōmen*": "let us be sober/let us be self-controlled/let us be clearheaded" } } 7 { "verseID": "1 Thessalonians.5.7", "source": "Οἱ γὰρ καθεύδοντες νυκτὸς καθεύδουσιν· καὶ οἱ μεθυσκόμενοι νυκτὸς μεθύουσιν.", "text": "*Hoi gar katheudontes nyktos katheudousin*; and *hoi methyskomenoi nyktos methyousin*.", "grammar": { "*Hoi katheudontes*": "nominative, masculine, plural with article - the ones sleeping/those who sleep", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*nyktos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of night/at night", "*katheudousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they sleep", "*hoi methyskomenoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural with article - the ones getting drunk/those getting drunk", "*nyktos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of night/at night", "*methyousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they are drunk/they get drunk" }, "variants": { "*katheudousin*": "they sleep/they are asleep", "*methyskomenoi*": "getting drunk/becoming intoxicated", "*methyousin*": "they are drunk/they become drunk/they get intoxicated" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 Thessalonians.5.8", "source": "Ἡμεῖς δὲ, ἡμέρας ὄντες, νήφωμεν, ἐνδυσάμενοι θώρακα πίστεως καὶ ἀγάπης· καὶ περικεφαλαίαν, ἐλπίδα σωτηρίας.", "text": "*Hēmeis de, hēmeras ontes, nēphōmen, endysamenoi thōraka pisteōs kai agapēs*; and *perikephalaian, elpida sōtērias*.", "grammar": { "*Hēmeis*": "nominative, plural - we", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*hēmeras*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of day", "*ontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - being", "*nēphōmen*": "present, active, subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us be sober/let us be self-controlled", "*endysamenoi*": "aorist, middle, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having put on/having clothed ourselves", "*thōraka*": "accusative, masculine, singular - breastplate", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of faith", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*agapēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of love", "*perikephalaian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - helmet", "*elpida*": "accusative, feminine, singular - hope", "*sōtērias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of salvation" }, "variants": { "*ontes*": "being/existing as", "*nēphōmen*": "let us be sober/let us be self-controlled/let us be clearheaded", "*endysamenoi*": "having put on/having clothed ourselves with", "*thōraka*": "breastplate/chest armor", "*pisteōs*": "of faith/of trust", "*agapēs*": "of love/of charity", "*perikephalaian*": "helmet/head protection", "*elpida*": "hope/expectation", "*sōtērias*": "of salvation/of deliverance/of preservation" } }