Micah 7:9

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Micah.7.9", "source": "זַ֤עַף יְהוָה֙ אֶשָּׂ֔א כִּ֥י חָטָ֖אתִי ל֑וֹ עַד֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָרִ֤יב רִיבִי֙ וְעָשָׂ֣ה מִשְׁפָּטִ֔י יוֹצִיאֵ֣נִי לָא֔וֹר אֶרְאֶ֖ה בְּצִדְקָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Zaʿap* *YHWH* *ʾeśśāʾ*, for *ḥāṭāʾtî* to him, until *ʾăšer* *yārîb* my *rîbî* and *ʿāśāh* my *mišpāṭî*; he *yôṣîʾēnî* to the-*ʾôr*, *ʾerʾeh* in-his *ṣidqātô*.", "grammar": { "*zaʿap*": "masculine singular construct noun - indignation/rage of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾeśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will bear", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḥāṭāʾtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have sinned", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against him", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yārîb*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he pleads/contends", "*rîbî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my case/cause", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he executes/performs", "*mišpāṭî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my justice/judgment", "*yôṣîʾēnî*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he will bring me out", "*lā-ʾôr*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the light", "*ʾerʾeh*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will see", "*bə-ṣidqātô*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his righteousness" }, "variants": { "*zaʿap*": "indignation/rage/anger/wrath", "*ʾeśśāʾ*": "I will bear/endure/carry", "*ḥāṭāʾtî*": "I have sinned/offended/done wrong", "*yārîb rîbî*": "he will plead my case/contend for my cause/defend my right", "*ʿāśāh mišpāṭî*": "he executes my justice/performs my judgment", "*yôṣîʾēnî*": "he will bring me out/lead me forth", "*ṣidqātô*": "his righteousness/justice/vindication" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

זַ֤עַף יְהוָה֙ אֶשָּׂ֔א כִּ֥י חָטָ֖אתִי ל֑וֹ עַד֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָרִ֤יב רִיבִי֙ וְעָשָׂ֣ה מִשְׁפָּטִ֔י יוֹצִיאֵ֣נִי לָא֔וֹר אֶרְאֶ֖ה בְּצִדְקָתֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

Zaʿap YHWH ʾeśśāʾ, for ḥāṭāʾtî to him, until ʾăšer yārîb my rîbî and ʿāśāh my mišpāṭî; he yôṣîʾēnî to the-ʾôr, ʾerʾeh in-his ṣidqātô.

Grammar Details

• *zaʿap*: masculine singular construct noun - indignation/rage of
• *YHWH*: divine name - Yahweh/the LORD
• *ʾeśśāʾ*: Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will bear
• *kî*: conjunction - for/because
• *ḥāṭāʾtî*: Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have sinned
• *lô*: preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against him
• *ʿad*: preposition - until
• *ʾăšer*: relative pronoun - which/that
• *yārîb*: Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he pleads/contends
• *rîbî*: masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my case/cause
• *wə*: conjunction - and
• *ʿāśāh*: Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he executes/performs
• *mišpāṭî*: masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my justice/judgment
• *yôṣîʾēnî*: Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he will bring me out
• *lā-ʾôr*: preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the light
• *ʾerʾeh*: Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will see
• *bə-ṣidqātô*: preposition + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his righteousness

Word Meanings

• *zaʿap*: indignation/rage/anger/wrath
• *ʾeśśāʾ*: I will bear/endure/carry
• *ḥāṭāʾtî*: I have sinned/offended/done wrong
• *yārîb rîbî*: he will plead my case/contend for my cause/defend my right
• *ʿāśāh mišpāṭî*: he executes my justice/performs my judgment
• *yôṣîʾēnî*: he will bring me out/lead me forth
• *ṣidqātô*: his righteousness/justice/vindication

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Because I have sinned against Him, I will bear the indignation of the LORD until He pleads my case and executes justice for me. He will bring me into the light, and I will see His righteousness.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  I will bear the indignation of the LORD, because I have sinned against him, until he plead my cause, and execute judgment for me: he will bring me forth to the light, and I shall behold his righteousness.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  I will bear the indignation of the LORD, because I have sinned against him, until he pleads my cause and executes judgment for me; he will bring me forth to the light, and I shall behold his righteousness.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  I will bear the indignation of the LORD, because I have sinned against him, until he plead my cause, and execute judgment for me: he will bring me forth to the light, and I shall behold his righteousness.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  I will bear the indignation of Jehovah, because I have sinned against him, until he plead my cause, and execute judgment for me: he will bring me forth to the light, [and] I shall behold his righteousness.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  I will bear the indignation of the LORD, because I have sinned against him, until he plead my cause, and execute judgment for me: he will bring me forth to the light, and I shall behold his righteousness.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  I will beare the punishment of the LORDE (for why, I haue offended him) till he syt in iudgment vpon my cause, and se that I haue right. He wil bringe me forth to the light, and I shal se his rightuosnesse.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  I will beare the wrath of the Lord because I haue sinned against him, vntill he pleade my cause, and execute iudgement for me: then will he bring me foorth to the light, and I shall see his righteousnesse.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  I will beare the wrath of the Lord, for I haue offended hym till he sit in iudgement vpon my cause, and see that I haue right: then will he bring me foorth to the light, and I shall see his righteousnesse.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  I will bear the indignation of the LORD, because I have sinned against him, until he plead my cause, and execute judgment for me: he will bring me forth to the light, [and] I shall behold his righteousness.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  I will bear the indignation of Yahweh, Because I have sinned against him, Until he pleads my case, and executes judgment for me. He will bring me forth to the light. I will see his righteousness.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  The indignation of Jehovah I do bear, For I have sinned against Him, Till that He doth plead my cause, And hath executed my judgment, He doth bring me forth to the light, I look on His righteousness.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  I will bear the indignation of Jehovah, because I have sinned against him, until he plead my cause, and execute judgment for me: he will bring me forth to the light, `and' I shall behold his righteousness.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  I will bear the indignation of Jehovah, because I have sinned against him, until he plead my cause, and execute judgment for me: he will bring me forth to the light, [and] I shall behold his righteousness.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  I will undergo the wrath of the Lord, because of my sin against him; till he takes up my cause and does what is right for me: when he makes me come out into the light, I will see his righteousness;

• World English Bible (2000)

  I will bear the indignation of Yahweh, because I have sinned against him, until he pleads my case, and executes judgment for me. He will bring me forth to the light. I will see his righteousness.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  I must endure the LORD’s fury, for I have sinned against him. But then he will defend my cause, and accomplish justice on my behalf. He will lead me out into the light; I will witness his deliverance.

Referenced Verses

• Ps 37:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.37.6", "source": "וְהוֹצִ֣יא כָא֣וֹר צִדְקֶ֑ךָ וּ֝מִשְׁפָּטֶ֗ךָ כַּֽצָּהֳרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And he will bring forth like *ʾôr* your *ṣidqeka*, and your *mišpāṭeka* like *ṣāhŏrāyim*.", "grammar": { "*wəhôṣîʾ*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect (consecutive), 3rd person masculine singular - and he will bring forth", "*kāʾôr*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - like the light", "*ṣidqeka*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your righteousness", "*mišpāṭeka*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your justice/judgment", "*ṣāhŏrāyim*": "masculine dual noun - noon/midday" }, "variants": { "*hôṣîʾ*": "bring forth/bring out/make manifest", "*ʾôr*": "light/daylight/dawn", "*ṣidqeka*": "your righteousness/your justice/your righteous cause", "*mišpāṭeka*": "your justice/your judgment/your right/your cause", "*ṣāhŏrāyim*": "noon/midday/brightest part of day" } }
• 1 Sam 24:15 : 15 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.24.15", "source": "אַחֲרֵ֨י מִ֤י יָצָא֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַחֲרֵ֥י מִ֖י אַתָּ֣ה רֹדֵ֑ף אַֽחֲרֵי֙ כֶּ֣לֶב מֵ֔ת אַחֲרֵ֖י פַּרְעֹ֥שׁ אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "After whom *yāṣāʾ* *melek* *Yiśrāʾēl* after whom you *rōdēp* after *keleb* *mēt* after *parʿōš* *ʾeḥād*", "grammar": { "*yāṣāʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has gone out", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*rōdēp*": "participle, masculine singular, Qal stem - pursuing", "*keleb*": "noun, masculine singular - dog", "*mēt*": "adjective, masculine singular - dead", "*parʿōš*": "noun, masculine singular - flea", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine singular - one/single" }, "variants": { "*yāṣāʾ*": "has gone out/come out/departed", "*rōdēp*": "pursuing/chasing/persecuting", "*keleb*": "dog (term of self-abasement)", "*mēt*": "dead/worthless/insignificant", "*parʿōš*": "flea/insect (term of self-abasement)" } }
• 1 Cor 4:5 : 5 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.4.5", "source": "Ὥστε μὴ πρὸ καιροῦ τι κρίνετε, ἕως ἂν ἔλθῃ ὁ Κύριος, ὃς καὶ φωτίσει τὰ κρυπτὰ τοῦ σκότους, καὶ φανερώσει τὰς βουλὰς τῶν καρδιῶν: καὶ τότε ὁ ἔπαινος γενήσεται ἑκάστῳ ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ.", "text": "*Hōste mē pro kairou ti krinete*, *heōs an elthē ho Kyrios*, who also *phōtisei ta krypta tou skotous*, and *phanerōsei tas boulas tōn kardiōn*: and then the *epainos genēsetai* to each from *tou Theou*.", "grammar": { "*Hōste*": "conjunction - so that/therefore", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*pro kairou*": "preposition + genitive, masculine, singular - before time/prematurely", "*ti*": "accusative, neuter, singular - anything/something", "*krinete*": "present imperative, 2nd plural, active - judge", "*heōs an elthē*": "conjunction + particle + aorist subjunctive, 3rd singular - until comes", "*ho Kyrios*": "article + nominative, masculine, singular - the Lord", "*phōtisei*": "future indicative, 3rd singular, active - will illuminate/bring to light", "*ta krypta*": "article + accusative, neuter, plural - the hidden things", "*tou skotous*": "article + genitive, neuter, singular - of the darkness", "*phanerōsei*": "future indicative, 3rd singular, active - will reveal/make manifest", "*tas boulas*": "article + accusative, feminine, plural - the counsels/motives/intentions", "*tōn kardiōn*": "article + genitive, feminine, plural - of the hearts", "*epainos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - praise/commendation", "*genēsetai*": "future indicative, 3rd singular, middle - will be/become", "*hekastō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to each one", "*apo tou Theou*": "preposition + article + genitive, masculine, singular - from God" }, "variants": { "*pro kairou*": "before the time/prematurely/too early", "*krinete*": "judge/decide/condemn", "*phōtisei*": "will illuminate/bring to light/expose", "*krypta*": "hidden things/secrets/concealed matters", "*phanerōsei*": "will reveal/make manifest/bring to light", "*boulas*": "counsels/motives/purposes/intentions", "*epainos*": "praise/commendation/approval" } }
• 2 Thess 1:5-9 : 5 { "verseID": "2 Thessalonians.1.5", "source": "Ἔνδειγμα τῆς δικαίας κρίσεως τοῦ Θεοῦ, εἰς τὸ καταξιωθῆναι ὑμᾶς τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὑπὲρ ἧς καὶ πάσχετε:", "text": "*Endeigma* of the *dikaias* *kriseōs* of *Theos*, for the *kataxiōthēnai* you of the *basileias* of *Theos*, for which also you *paschete*:", "grammar": { "*Endeigma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - token/proof/evidence", "*dikaias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - righteous/just", "*kriseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - judgment/decision", "*Theos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive/source", "εἰς τὸ *kataxiōthēnai*": "preposition + article + aorist infinitive, passive - purpose", "ὑμᾶς": "accusative, 2nd person, plural - subject of infinitive", "*basileias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - object of *kataxiōthēnai*", "*Theos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive", "ὑπὲρ ἧς": "preposition + genitive, feminine, singular, relative pronoun - for which", "*paschete*": "present indicative, active, 2nd person, plural - you suffer" }, "variants": { "*Endeigma*": "token/proof/evidence", "*dikaias*": "righteous/just/fair", "*kriseōs*": "judgment/decision/verdict", "*Theos*": "God/deity", "*kataxiōthēnai*": "to be counted worthy/deemed deserving", "*basileias*": "kingdom/reign/rule", "*paschete*": "suffer/experience hardship" } } 6 { "verseID": "2 Thessalonians.1.6", "source": "Εἴπερ δίκαιον παρὰ Θεῷ ἀνταποδοῦναι τοῖς θλίβουσιν ὑμᾶς θλῖψιν·", "text": "If indeed *dikaion* with *Theō* to *antapodounai* to those *thlibousin* you *thlipsin*;", "grammar": { "*Eiper*": "conditional conjunction - if indeed/since", "*dikaion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - righteous/just thing", "παρὰ *Theō*": "preposition + dative, masculine, singular - with/in the sight of God", "*antapodounai*": "aorist infinitive, active - to repay/return", "*thlibousin*": "present participle, active, dative, masculine, plural - those afflicting", "ὑμᾶς": "accusative, 2nd person, plural - direct object of *thlibousin*", "*thlipsin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - direct object of *antapodounai*" }, "variants": { "*Eiper*": "if indeed/since/seeing that", "*dikaion*": "just/righteous/fair thing", "*Theō*": "God/deity", "*antapodounai*": "to repay/recompense/return", "*thlibousin*": "afflicting/troubling/oppressing", "*thlipsin*": "affliction/tribulation/distress" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Thessalonians.1.7", "source": "Καὶ ὑμῖν τοῖς θλιβομένοις ἄνεσιν μεθʼ ἡμῶν, ἐν τῇ ἀποκαλύψει τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ μετʼ ἀγγέλων δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ,", "text": "And to you the *thlibomenois* *anesin* with us, in the *apokalypsei* of the *Kyriou* *Iēsou* from *ouranou* with *angelōn* of *dynameōs* of him,", "grammar": { "ὑμῖν": "dative, 2nd person, plural - indirect object", "*thlibomenois*": "present participle, passive, dative, masculine, plural - being afflicted", "*anesin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - direct object (implicit *to give*)", "μεθʼ ἡμῶν": "preposition + genitive, 1st person, plural - with us", "*apokalypsei*": "dative, feminine, singular - temporal/locative", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive", "*Iēsou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - in apposition to *Kyriou*", "ἀπʼ *ouranou*": "preposition + genitive, masculine, singular - from/out of heaven", "μετʼ *angelōn*": "preposition + genitive, masculine, plural - with/accompanied by angels", "*dynameōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - possessive/description", "αὐτοῦ": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive" }, "variants": { "*thlibomenois*": "being afflicted/troubled/oppressed", "*anesin*": "relief/rest/relaxation", "*apokalypsei*": "revelation/disclosure/unveiling", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master/owner", "*ouranou*": "heaven/sky", "*angelōn*": "messengers/angels", "*dynameōs*": "power/might/strength" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Thessalonians.1.8", "source": "Ἐν πυρὶ φλογός διδόντος ἐκδίκησιν τοῖς μὴ εἰδόσιν Θεὸν, καὶ τοῖς μὴ ὑπακούουσιν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ:", "text": "In *pyri* of *phlogos* *didontos* *ekdikēsin* to those not *eidosin* *Theon*, and to those not *hypakouousin* to the *euangeliō* of the *Kyriou* of us *Iēsou* *Christou*:", "grammar": { "Ἐν *pyri*": "preposition + dative, neuter, singular - in/with fire", "*phlogos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of flame", "*didontos*": "present participle, active, genitive, masculine, singular - giving/inflicting", "*ekdikēsin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - direct object of *didontos*", "μὴ *eidosin*": "negative + perfect participle, active, dative, masculine, plural - not knowing", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - direct object of *eidosin*", "μὴ *hypakouousin*": "negative + present participle, active, dative, masculine, plural - not obeying", "*euangeliō*": "dative, neuter, singular - indirect object of *hypakouousin*", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive", "ἡμῶν": "genitive, 1st person, plural - possessive", "*Iēsou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - in apposition to *Kyriou*", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - in apposition to *Iēsou*" }, "variants": { "*pyri*": "fire/flame", "*phlogos*": "flame/blaze", "*didontos*": "giving/inflicting/executing", "*ekdikēsin*": "vengeance/retribution/punishment", "*eidosin*": "knowing/recognizing/acknowledging", "*Theon*": "God/deity", "*hypakouousin*": "obeying/heeding/submitting to", "*euangeliō*": "gospel/good news", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master/owner" } } 9 { "verseID": "2 Thessalonians.1.9", "source": "Οἵτινες δίκην τίσουσιν ὄλεθρον αἰώνιον ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ Κυρίου, καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς δόξης τῆς ἰσχύος αὐτοῦ·", "text": "Who *dikēn* *tisousin* *olethron* *aiōnion* from *prosōpou* of the *Kyriou*, and from the *doxēs* of the *ischyos* of him;", "grammar": { "*Hoitines*": "nominative, masculine, plural, relative pronoun - who/whoever", "*dikēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - penalty/punishment", "*tisousin*": "future indicative, active, 3rd person, plural - they will pay/suffer", "*olethron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - in apposition to *dikēn*", "*aiōnion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - eternal/everlasting", "ἀπὸ *prosōpou*": "preposition + genitive, neuter, singular - from presence/face", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive", "ἀπὸ τῆς *doxēs*": "preposition + genitive, feminine, singular - from the glory", "*ischyos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of might/strength", "αὐτοῦ": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive" }, "variants": { "*Hoitines*": "who/whoever/which ones", "*dikēn*": "penalty/punishment/vengeance", "*tisousin*": "will pay/suffer/undergo", "*olethron*": "destruction/ruin/perdition", "*aiōnion*": "eternal/everlasting/age-lasting", "*prosōpou*": "face/presence/person", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master/owner", "*doxēs*": "glory/splendor/radiance", "*ischyos*": "might/strength/power" } } 10 { "verseID": "2 Thessalonians.1.10", "source": "Ὅταν ἔλθῃ ἐνδοξασθῆναι ἐν τοῖς ἁγίοις αὐτοῦ, καὶ θαυμασθῆναι ἐν πᾶσιν τοῖς πιστεύουσιν (ὅτι ἐπιστεύθη τὸ μαρτύριον ἡμῶν ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς) ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ.", "text": "When he *elthē* to *endoxasthēnai* in the *hagiois* of him, and to *thaumasthēnai* in all those *pisteuousin* (because *episteuthē* the *martyrion* of us upon you) in the *hēmera* that.", "grammar": { "*Hotan*": "temporal conjunction - when/whenever", "*elthē*": "aorist subjunctive, active, 3rd person, singular - he might come", "*endoxasthēnai*": "aorist infinitive, passive - to be glorified", "*hagiois*": "dative, masculine, plural - among/in saints/holy ones", "αὐτοῦ": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive", "*thaumasthēnai*": "aorist infinitive, passive - to be marveled at", "*pisteuousin*": "present participle, active, dative, masculine, plural - believing/trusting", "*episteuthē*": "aorist indicative, passive, 3rd person, singular - was believed", "*martyrion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - subject of *episteuthē*", "ἡμῶν": "genitive, 1st person, plural - possessive", "ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς": "preposition + accusative, 2nd person, plural - upon/to you", "*hēmera*": "dative, feminine, singular - temporal", "ἐκείνῃ": "dative, feminine, singular, demonstrative - that" }, "variants": { "*Hotan*": "when/whenever/at the time when", "*elthē*": "might come/should come", "*endoxasthēnai*": "to be glorified/honored/exalted", "*hagiois*": "holy ones/saints/sanctified ones", "*thaumasthēnai*": "to be marveled at/admired/wondered at", "*pisteuousin*": "believing/trusting/having faith", "*episteuthē*": "was believed/trusted/accepted", "*martyrion*": "testimony/witness/evidence", "*hēmera*": "day/time" } }
• 2 Tim 4:8 : 8 { "verseID": "2 Timothy.4.8", "source": "Λοιπὸν ἀπόκειταί μοι ὁ τῆς δικαιοσύνης στέφανος, ὃν ἀποδώσει μοι ὁ Κύριος, ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ, ὁ δίκαιος κριτής: οὐ μόνον δὲ ἐμοὶ, ἀλλὰ καὶ πᾶσιν τοῖς ἠγαπηκόσιν τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ.", "text": "*Loipon* *apokeitai* to me the of the *dikaiosynēs* *stephanos*, which *apodōsei* to me the *Kyrios*, in that the *hēmera*, the *dikaios* *kritēs*: not *monon* *de* to me, but also to all the *ēgapēkosin* the *epiphaneian* of him.", "grammar": { "*Loipon*": "adverb - henceforth/finally/furthermore", "*apokeitai*": "present indicative middle/passive, 3rd person singular - is laid up/reserved", "*dikaiosynēs*": "noun, genitive feminine singular - of righteousness/justice", "*stephanos*": "noun, nominative masculine singular - crown/wreath", "*apodōsei*": "future indicative active, 3rd person singular - will award/repay/give", "*Kyrios*": "noun, nominative masculine singular - Lord", "*hēmera*": "noun, dative feminine singular - day", "*dikaios*": "adjective, nominative masculine singular - righteous/just", "*kritēs*": "noun, nominative masculine singular - judge", "*monon*": "adverb - only/merely/alone", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*ēgapēkosin*": "participle, perfect active, dative masculine plural - having loved", "*epiphaneian*": "noun, accusative feminine singular - appearing/manifestation" }, "variants": { "*Loipon*": "henceforth/finally/furthermore/for the rest", "*apokeitai*": "is laid up/reserved/stored up", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice/uprightness", "*stephanos*": "crown/wreath/victor's crown", "*apodōsei*": "will award/repay/give back", "*dikaios*": "righteous/just/fair", "*kritēs*": "judge/arbiter", "*ēgapēkosin*": "having loved/cherished/longed for", "*epiphaneian*": "appearing/manifestation/visible presence" } }
• Heb 12:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Hebrews.12.6", "source": "Ὃν γὰρ ἀγαπᾷ Κύριος παιδεύει, μαστιγοῖ δὲ πάντα υἱὸν ὃν παραδέχεται.", "text": "Whom for *agapa Kyrios paideuei*, *mastigoi* and every *huion* whom *paradechetai*.", "grammar": { "*agapa*": "verb, present active indicative, 3rd person singular - loves", "*Kyrios*": "noun, nominative, singular, masculine - Lord", "*paideuei*": "verb, present active indicative, 3rd person singular - disciplines/trains/instructs", "*mastigoi*": "verb, present active indicative, 3rd person singular - scourges/whips/chastises", "*huion*": "noun, accusative, singular, masculine - son", "*paradechetai*": "verb, present middle/passive indicative, 3rd person singular - receives/accepts/acknowledges" }, "variants": { "*agapa*": "loves/cherishes", "*paideuei*": "disciplines/trains/instructs/chastens", "*mastigoi*": "scourges/whips/chastises/flogs", "*paradechetai*": "receives/accepts/acknowledges/welcomes" } } 7 { "verseID": "Hebrews.12.7", "source": "Εἰ παιδείαν ὑπομένετε, ὡς υἱοῖς ὑμῖν προσφέρεται ὁ Θεός· τίς γὰρ ἐστιν υἱὸς ὃν οὐ παιδεύει πατήρ;", "text": "If *paideian hypomenete*, as *huiois* to you *prospheretai* the *Theos*; who for is *huios* whom not *paideuei patēr*?", "grammar": { "*paideian*": "noun, accusative, singular, feminine - discipline/training/instruction", "*hypomenete*": "verb, present active indicative, 2nd person plural - you endure/bear/persevere", "*huiois*": "noun, dative, plural, masculine - to sons", "*prospheretai*": "verb, present middle/passive indicative, 3rd person singular - deals with/treats/behaves toward", "*Theos*": "noun, nominative, singular, masculine - God", "*huios*": "noun, nominative, singular, masculine - son", "*paideuei*": "verb, present active indicative, 3rd person singular - disciplines/trains/instructs", "*patēr*": "noun, nominative, singular, masculine - father" }, "variants": { "*hypomenete*": "you endure/bear/persevere/remain under", "*prospheretai*": "deals with/treats/behaves toward/offers himself to", "*paideuei*": "disciplines/trains/instructs/chastens" } }
• Rev 6:10-11 : 10 { "verseID": "Revelation.6.10", "source": "Καὶ ἔκραξαν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ, λέγοντες, Ἕως πότε, ὁ Δεσπότης, ὁ ἅγιος καὶ ἀληθινός, οὐ κρίνεις καὶ ἐκδικεῖς τὸ αἷμα ἡμῶν ἐκ τῶν κατοικούντων ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς;", "text": "And *ekraxan* *phōnē* *megalē*, *legontes*, Until when, O *Despotēs*, the *hagios* and *alēthinos*, not *krineis* and *ekdikeis* the *haima* of us from those *katoikountōn* upon the *gēs*?", "grammar": { "*ekraxan*": "aorist, 3rd person plural - cried out [point in time]", "*phōnē*": "dative, feminine, singular - with voice/sound", "*megalē*": "dative, feminine, singular - great/loud", "*legontes*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - saying", "*Despotēs*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Master/Lord/Sovereign", "*hagios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - holy one", "*alēthinos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - true one", "*krineis*": "present, 2nd person singular - you judge", "*ekdikeis*": "present, 2nd person singular - you avenge", "*haima*": "accusative, neuter, singular - blood", "*katoikountōn*": "present participle, genitive, masculine, plural - those dwelling/inhabiting", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*ekraxan*": "cried out/shouted/called aloud", "*phōnē*": "voice/sound/noise", "*megalē*": "great/loud/mighty", "*legontes*": "saying/speaking/declaring", "*Despotēs*": "Master/Sovereign/Ruler/Lord", "*hagios*": "holy/set apart/consecrated", "*alēthinos*": "true/genuine/real", "*krineis*": "judge/decide/assess", "*ekdikeis*": "avenge/vindicate/exact justice for", "*haima*": "blood/bloodshed/life", "*katoikountōn*": "dwelling/inhabiting/living", "*gēs*": "earth/land/ground/world" } } 11 { "verseID": "Revelation.6.11", "source": "Καὶ ἐδόθησαν ἑκάστοις στολαὶ λευκαὶ· καὶ ἐρρέθη αὐτοῖς, ἵνα ἀναπαύσωνται ἔτι χρόνον μικρόν, ἕως οὗ πληρωθῶσιν, καὶ οἱ σύνδουλοι αὐτῶν καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτῶν, οἱ μέλλοντες ἀποκτείνεσθαι ὡς καὶ αὐτοί.", "text": "And *edothēsan* to each *stolai* *leukai*; and *errethē* to them, that they should *anapausōntai* yet *chronon* *mikron*, until should be *plērōthōsin*, also their *syndouloi* and their *adelphoi*, those *mellontes* *apokteinesthai* as also they.", "grammar": { "*edothēsan*": "aorist passive, 3rd person plural - were given", "*stolai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - robes", "*leukai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - white", "*errethē*": "aorist passive, 3rd person singular - it was said/told", "*anapausōntai*": "aorist subjunctive middle, 3rd person plural - they should rest", "*chronon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - time/period", "*mikron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - little/small", "*plērōthōsin*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person plural - should be fulfilled/completed", "*syndouloi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - fellow servants", "*adelphoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - brothers", "*mellontes*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - those about/going to", "*apokteinesthai*": "present infinitive passive - to be killed" }, "variants": { "*edothēsan*": "were given/granted/provided", "*stolai*": "robes/garments/long flowing garments", "*leukai*": "white/bright", "*errethē*": "was said/was told/was spoken", "*anapausōntai*": "rest/relax/refresh themselves", "*chronon*": "time/period/season", "*mikron*": "little/small/short", "*plērōthōsin*": "should be fulfilled/completed/accomplished", "*syndouloi*": "fellow servants/co-slaves", "*adelphoi*": "brothers/siblings/fellow believers", "*mellontes*": "about to/going to/intending to", "*apokteinesthai*": "to be killed/put to death/slain" } }
• Rev 18:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.20", "source": "Εὐφραίνου ἐπʼ αὐτῇ, οὐρανέ, καὶ οἱ ἅγιοι ἀπόστολοι καὶ οἱ προφῆται· ὅτι ἔκρινεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸ κρίμα ὑμῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς.", "text": "*Euphrainou* over her, *ourane*, and the *hagioi* *apostoloi* and the *prophētai*; because *ekrinen* the *Theos* the *krima* of you from her.", "grammar": { "*euphrainou*": "present middle/passive imperative, 2nd person singular - rejoice/be glad", "*ep'*": "preposition + dative - over/concerning", "*autē*": "personal pronoun, dative, feminine, singular - her", "*ourane*": "noun, vocative, masculine, singular - heaven/sky", "*hoi hagioi*": "adjective used as noun, nominative, masculine, plural - holy ones/saints", "*apostoloi*": "noun, nominative, masculine, plural - apostles/messengers", "*hoi prophētai*": "noun, nominative, masculine, plural - prophets", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*ekrinen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - judged/pronounced judgment", "*ho Theos*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*to krima*": "noun, accusative, neuter, singular - judgment/verdict/sentence", "*hymōn*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person plural - of you", "*ex*": "preposition + genitive - from/on", "*autēs*": "personal pronoun, genitive, feminine, singular - her" }, "variants": { "*euphrainou*": "rejoice/be glad/celebrate", "*ourane*": "heaven/sky", "*hagioi*": "holy ones/saints/set apart ones", "*apostoloi*": "apostles/messengers/emissaries", "*prophētai*": "prophets/seers", "*ekrinen*": "judged/pronounced judgment/executed sentence", "*Theos*": "God/deity", "*krima*": "judgment/verdict/sentence/case" } }
• Lev 26:41 : 41 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.41", "source": "אַף־אֲנִ֗י אֵלֵ֤ךְ עִמָּם֙ בְּקֶ֔רִי וְהֵבֵאתִ֣י אֹתָ֔ם בְּאֶ֖רֶץ אֹיְבֵיהֶ֑ם אוֹ־אָ֣ז יִכָּנַ֗ע לְבָבָם֙ הֶֽעָרֵ֔ל וְאָ֖ז יִרְצ֥וּ אֶת־עֲוֺנָֽם׃", "text": "*ʾap*-*ʾănî* *ʾēlēḵ* *ʿimmām* *bəqerî* *wə-hēbēʾtî* *ʾōtām* *bəʾereṣ* *ʾōyəbêhem* *ʾô*-*ʾāz* *yikkānaʿ* *ləbābām* *heʿārēl* *wə-ʾāz* *yirṣû* *ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*", "grammar": { "*ʾap*-*ʾănî*": "conjunction/adverb + 1st person singular independent pronoun - I also", "*ʾēlēḵ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will walk/go", "*ʿimmām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*bəqerî*": "preposition + masculine noun - in hostility/contrary", "*wə-hēbēʾtî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will bring", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*bəʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in land of", "*ʾōyəbêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*ʾô*-*ʾāz*": "conjunction + adverb - or then/perhaps then", "*yikkānaʿ*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will be humbled", "*ləbābām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*heʿārēl*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular - the uncircumcised", "*wə-ʾāz*": "conjunction + adverb - and then", "*yirṣû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will accept/be satisfied", "*ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity" }, "variants": { "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition/stubbornness", "*yikkānaʿ*": "be humbled/be subdued/be brought low", "*ʿārēl*": "uncircumcised/impure/obstinate", "*yirṣû*": "accept/be satisfied/pay for/make amends" } }
• 1 Sam 3:18 : 18 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.18", "source": "וַיַּגֶּד־ל֤וֹ שְׁמוּאֵל֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֔ים וְלֹ֥א כִחֵ֖ד מִמֶּ֑נּוּ וַיֹּאמַ֕ר יְהוָ֣ה ה֔וּא הַטּ֥וֹב בְּעֵינָ֖ו יַעֲשֶֽׂה׃", "text": "And *wayyagged*-to him *Šĕmûʾēl* *ʾet*-all-the *dĕbārîm* and not *kiḥēd* from him; and *wayyōʾmar* *YHWH* he, the *ṭôb* in *ʿênāw* *yaʿăśeh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyagged*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he told", "*Šĕmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel", "*dĕbārîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the words/things", "*kiḥēd*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he hid", "*wayyōʾmar*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the good", "*ʿênāw*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will do" }, "variants": { "*wayyagged*": "told/declared/reported", "*dĕbārîm*": "words/things/matters/speeches", "*kiḥēd*": "hid/concealed/withheld", "*wayyōʾmar*": "said/spoke/answered", "*ṭôb*": "good/pleasant/agreeable", "*ʿênāw*": "his eyes/sight/opinion", "*yaʿăśeh*": "will do/make/perform" } }
• 1 Sam 25:39 : 39 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.39", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע דָּוִד֮ כִּ֣י מֵ֣ת נָבָל֒ וַיֹּ֡אמֶר בָּר֣וּךְ יְהוָ֡ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר רָב֩ אֶת־רִ֨יב חֶרְפָּתִ֜י מִיַּ֣ד נָבָ֗ל וְאֶת־עַבְדּוֹ֙ חָשַׂ֣ךְ מֵֽרָעָ֔ה וְאֵת֙ רָעַ֣ת נָבָ֔ל הֵשִׁ֥יב יְהוָ֖ה בְּרֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח דָּוִד֙ וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר בַּאֲבִיגַ֔יִל לְקַחְתָּ֥הּ ל֖וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃", "text": "And *yišmaʿ* *Dāwid* that *mēt* *Nābāl*, and *yōʾmer*: *bārûk* *YHWH* who *rāb* *ʾet*-*rîb* *ḥerpātî* from *yad* *Nābāl*, and *ʾet*-*ʿabdô* *ḥāśak* from *rāʿāh*, and *ʾēt* *rāʿat* *Nābāl* *hēšîb* *YHWH* on *rōʾšô*. And *yišlaḥ* *Dāwid* and *yədabbēr* with *ʾĂbîgayil* to *qaḥtāh* to him for *ʾiššāh*.", "grammar": { "*yišmaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - heard", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*mēt*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - died/was dead", "*Nābāl*": "proper noun - Nabal", "*yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - said", "*bārûk*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - blessed", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*rāb*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - pleaded/contended", "*rîb*": "masculine singular construct - cause/case/dispute of", "*ḥerpātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my reproach/insult", "*yad*": "feminine singular construct - hand of", "*ʿabdô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servant", "*ḥāśak*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - kept back/withheld", "*rāʿāh*": "feminine singular noun - evil/harm", "*rāʿat*": "feminine singular construct - evil/wickedness of", "*hēšîb*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - returned/brought back", "*rōʾšô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his head", "*yišlaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - sent", "*yədabbēr*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - spoke", "*ʾĂbîgayil*": "proper noun - Abigail", "*qaḥtāh*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to take her", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun - wife" }, "variants": { "*rāb* *rîb*": "pleaded the cause/contended the case/defended the right", "*ḥerpātî*": "my reproach/insult/shame/disgrace", "*ḥāśak*": "kept back/withheld/restrained", "*hēšîb*": "returned/brought back/repaid", "*rōʾšô*": "on his head (idiom for personal responsibility/consequence)" } }
• 1 Sam 26:10 : 10 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.26.10", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ חַי־יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י אִם־יְהוָ֖ה יִגָּפֶ֑נּוּ אֽוֹ־יוֹמ֤וֹ יָבוֹא֙ וָמֵ֔ת א֧וֹ בַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה יֵרֵ֖ד וְנִסְפָּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *dāwiḏ*: *ḥay*-*YHWH*, for *ʾim*-*YHWH* *yiggāp̄ennû* or his *yômô* *yāḇôʾ* and *wāmēṯ*, or in the *milḥāmâ* *yērēḏ* and *wәnispâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ḥay*": "Adjective, masculine singular construct - alive/living", "*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾim*": "Conditional particle - if/surely", "*yiggāp̄ennû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - will strike him", "*yômô*": "Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his day", "*yāḇôʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will come", "*wāmēṯ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he will die", "*milḥāmâ*": "Noun, feminine singular with definite article and prefixed preposition - in the battle", "*yērēḏ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will go down", "*wәnispâ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he will be swept away" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke", "*ḥay*": "alive/as surely as...lives/by the life of", "*ʾim*": "if/surely", "*yiggāp̄ennû*": "will strike him/will smite him/will defeat him", "*yômô*": "his day/his appointed time", "*yāḇôʾ*": "will come/will arrive", "*wāmēṯ*": "and he will die/and he dies", "*milḥāmâ*": "battle/war/combat", "*yērēḏ*": "he will go down/descend/enter", "*wәnispâ*": "and he will be swept away/and he will perish" } }
• 2 Sam 16:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.16.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֤ד אֶל־אֲבִישַׁי֙ וְאֶל־כָּל־עֲבָדָ֔יו הִנֵּ֥ה בְנִ֛י אֲשֶׁר־יָצָ֥א מִמֵּעַ֖י מְבַקֵּ֣שׁ אֶת־נַפְשִׁ֑י וְאַ֨ף כִּֽי־עַתָּ֜ה בֶּן־הַיְמִינִ֗י הַנִּ֤חוּ לוֹ֙ וִֽיקַלֵּ֔ל כִּ֥י אָֽמַר־ל֖וֹ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *Dāwid* to *ʾĂbîšay* and to all his *ʿăbādāw*, \"*Hinnēh* *bənî* who *yāṣāʾ* from *mimmēʿay* *məbaqqēš* *ʾeṯ-napšî*, and how much more now this *ben-hayəmînî*. *Hannîḥû* to him *wîqallēl*, because *ʾāmar-lô* *Yəhwāh*.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾĂbîšay*": "proper noun - Abishai", "*ʿăbādāw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*Hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*bənî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my son", "*yāṣāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came out", "*mimmēʿay*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 1st person singular suffix - from my bowels", "*məbaqqēš*": "piel participle, masculine singular - seeking", "*ʾeṯ-napšî*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my life", "*ben-hayəmînî*": "noun construct + definite article + adjective - son of the Benjamite", "*Hannîḥû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine plural - leave", "*wîqallēl*": "waw conjunctive + piel imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - and let him curse", "*ʾāmar-lô*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - has said to him", "*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun - LORD" }, "variants": { "*ʿăbādāw*": "his servants/his officials/his attendants", "*mimmēʿay*": "from my bowels/from my own body/from my loins", "*məbaqqēš*": "seeking/trying to take/looking for", "*ʾeṯ-napšî*": "my life/my soul/myself", "*ben-hayəmînî*": "Benjamite/from the tribe of Benjamin", "*Hannîḥû*": "leave/let alone/leave undisturbed" } } 12 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.16.12", "source": "אוּלַ֛י יִרְאֶ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה *בעוני **בְּעֵינִ֑י וְהֵשִׁ֨יב יְהוָ֥ה לִי֙ טוֹבָ֔ה תַּ֥חַת קִלְלָת֖וֹ הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*ʾÛlay* *yirʾeh* *Yəhwāh* *bəʿênî* and *wəhēšîb* *Yəhwāh* to me *ṭôbāh* *taḥaṯ* *qilləlāṯô* *hayyôm* *hazzeh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾÛlay*": "adverb - perhaps/maybe", "*yirʾeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will see/look", "*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun - LORD", "*bəʿênî*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - on my affliction", "*wəhēšîb*": "waw conjunctive + hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will return", "*ṭôbāh*": "noun, feminine singular - good", "*taḥaṯ*": "preposition - instead of", "*qilləlāṯô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his curse", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*ʾÛlay*": "perhaps/maybe/perchance", "*yirʾeh*": "will see/will look/will regard", "*bעוני/בְּעֵינִ֑י*": "textual variant - either 'on my affliction/iniquity' or 'on my eye/tears'", "*ṭôbāh*": "good/goodness/blessing", "*taḥaṯ*": "instead of/in place of/in return for", "*qilləlāṯô*": "his curse/his reviling/his insult" } }
• 2 Sam 24:17 : 17 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.24.17", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶל־יְהוָ֜ה בִּרְאֹת֣וֹ ׀ אֶֽת־הַמַּלְאָ֣ךְ ׀ הַמַּכֶּ֣ה בָעָ֗ם וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֤י חָטָ֙אתִי֙ וְאָנֹכִ֣י הֶעֱוֵ֔יתִי וְאֵ֥לֶּה הַצֹּ֖אן מֶ֣ה עָשׂ֑וּ תְּהִ֨י נָ֥א יָדְךָ֛ בִּ֖י וּבְבֵ֥ית אָבִֽי", "text": "And *yō'mer* *dāwiḏ* to *YHWH* when *bir'ōtô* *'et-hamal'ākh* *hamakeh* among *hā'ām* and *yō'mer* behold *'ānōkhî* *ḥāṭā'tî* and *'ānōkhî* *he'ĕwêtî* and these *haṣō'n* what *'āśû* *təhî* *nā'* *yāḏəkhā* against me and against *bêt* *'āḇî*", "grammar": { "*yō'mer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - said", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*bir'ōtô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - when he saw", "*'et-hamal'ākh*": "direct object marker + definite noun - the angel", "*hamakeh*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - the one striking", "*hā'ām*": "definite noun - the people", "*yō'mer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he said", "*'ānōkhî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I", "*ḥāṭā'tî*": "Qal perfect 1st singular - I have sinned", "*'ānōkhî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I", "*he'ĕwêtî*": "Hiphil perfect 1st singular - I have committed iniquity", "*haṣō'n*": "definite noun - the sheep", "*'āśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural - they have done", "*təhî*": "Qal imperfect jussive 3rd feminine singular - let be", "*nā'*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*yāḏəkhā*": "noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*bêt*": "construct noun - house of", "*'āḇî*": "noun + 1st singular suffix - my father" }, "variants": { "*bir'ōtô*": "when he saw/as he looked at", "*hamakeh*": "striking/smiting/afflicting", "*ḥāṭā'tî*": "I have sinned/missed the mark/gone astray", "*he'ĕwêtî*": "I have committed iniquity/done wrong", "*haṣō'n*": "the sheep/flock", "*təhî*": "let be/let come" } }
• Job 23:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Job.23.10", "source": "כִּֽי־יָ֭דַע דֶּ֣רֶךְ עִמָּדִ֑י בְּ֝חָנַ֗נִי כַּזָּהָ֥ב אֵצֵֽא׃", "text": "*kî-yādaʿ* *derek* *ʿimmādî* *bəḥānanî* *kazzāhāb* *ʾēṣēʾ*", "grammar": { "*kî-yādaʿ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - for he knows", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way of", "*ʿimmādî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*bəḥānanî*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - he has tested me", "*kazzāhāb*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like the gold", "*ʾēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I shall come forth" }, "variants": { "*yādaʿ*": "to know, perceive, recognize, understand", "*derek*": "way, road, journey, manner, path, direction", "*bāḥan*": "to examine, try, test, prove", "*zāhāb*": "gold", "*yāṣāʾ*": "to go out, come forth, proceed, emerge" } }
• Job 34:31-32 : 31 { "verseID": "Job.34.31", "source": "כִּֽי־אֶל־אֵ֭ל הֶאָמַ֥ר נָשָׂ֗אתִי לֹ֣א אֶחְבֹּֽל׃", "text": "*Kî*-to-*ʾēl* *heʾāmar* *nāśāʾtî* *lōʾ* *ʾeḥbōl*.", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because/that", "*ʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun, masculine singular - to/toward God", "*heʾāmar*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it is said/has been said", "*nāśāʾtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular - I have borne/carried/lifted", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾeḥbōl*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will take a pledge/corrupt/destroy" }, "variants": { "*Kî*": "for/because/surely/that", "*ʾēl*": "God/mighty one/deity", "*nāśāʾtî*": "I have borne/carried/lifted/endured/forgiven", "*ʾeḥbōl*": "I will take as pledge/I will corrupt/I will bring to ruin/I will offend" } } 32 { "verseID": "Job.34.32", "source": "בִּלְעֲדֵ֣י אֶ֭חֱזֶה אַתָּ֣ה הֹרֵ֑נִי אִֽם־עָ֥וֶל פָּ֝עַ֗לְתִּי לֹ֣א אֹסִֽיף׃", "text": "*Bilʿădê* *ʾeḥĕzeh* *ʾattāh* *hōrēnî* *ʾim*-*ʿāwel* *pāʿaltî* *lōʾ* *ʾōsîp*.", "grammar": { "*Bilʿădê*": "preposition - besides/apart from/without", "*ʾeḥĕzeh*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will see/perceive", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*hōrēnî*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - teach me/show me", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*ʿāwel*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/injustice/wrong", "*pāʿaltî*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular - I have done/worked/committed", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾōsîp*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st singular - I will add/do again/continue" }, "variants": { "*Bilʿădê*": "besides/beyond/apart from/without", "*ʾeḥĕzeh*": "I see/perceive/behold", "*hōrēnî*": "teach me/show me/instruct me", "*ʿāwel*": "iniquity/injustice/wrong/wickedness", "*pāʿaltî*": "I have done/committed/worked/accomplished", "*ʾōsîp*": "I will add/continue/do again/repeat" } }
• Ps 7:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.7.6", "source": "יִֽרַדֹּ֥ף אוֹיֵ֨ב ׀ נַפְשִׁ֡י וְיַשֵּׂ֗ג וְיִרְמֹ֣ס לָאָ֣רֶץ חַיָּ֑י וּכְבוֹדִ֓י ׀ לֶעָפָ֖ר יַשְׁכֵּ֣ן סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*yiraddōp* *ʾôyēb* *napshî* *wəyaśśēg* *wəyirmōs* to-the-*ʾāreṣ* *ḥayyāy* *ûḵəbôdî* to-*ʿāpār* *yashkēn* *selāh*", "grammar": { "*yiraddōp*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will pursue", "*ʾôyēb*": "noun, masculine singular - enemy", "*napshî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my soul/life", "*wəyaśśēg*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he will overtake", "*wəyirmōs*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he will trample", "*lāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - to the earth/ground", "*ḥayyāy*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my life", "*ûḵəbôdî*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and my honor/glory", "*leʿāpār*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - to the dust", "*yashkēn*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will make dwell/lay", "*selāh*": "musical notation/pause" }, "variants": { "*yiraddōp*": "pursue/chase/persecute", "*ʾôyēb*": "enemy/foe/adversary", "*napshî*": "my soul/my life/myself", "*yaśśēg*": "overtake/catch/reach", "*yirmōs*": "trample/tread/crush", "*ḥayyāy*": "my life/my living", "*kəbôdî*": "my honor/my glory/my dignity", "*ʿāpār*": "dust/dirt/earth", "*yashkēn*": "cause to dwell/lay down/place" } }
• Ps 43:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.43.1", "source": "שָׁפְטֵ֤נִי אֱלֹהִ֨ים ׀ וְרִ֘יבָ֤ה רִיבִ֗י מִגּ֥וֹי לֹא־חָסִ֑יד מֵ֤אִישׁ־מִרְמָ֖ה וְעַוְלָ֣ה תְפַלְּטֵֽנִי׃", "text": "*šāp̄ᵊṭēnî* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wᵊ-rîḇâ* *rîḇî* from-*gôy* not-*ḥāsîḏ* from-*ʾîš*-*mirᵊmâ* *wᵊ-ʿawᵊlâ* *tᵊp̄allᵊṭēnî*", "grammar": { "*šāp̄ᵊṭēnî*": "imperative, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - judge me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*wᵊ-rîḇâ*": "conjunction + imperative, masculine singular - and plead/contend", "*rîḇî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my cause/case", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation/people (often referring to non-Israelites)", "*lōʾ-ḥāsîḏ*": "negation + adjective, masculine singular - not godly/pious/faithful", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*mirᵊmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - deceit/treachery", "*wᵊ-ʿawᵊlâ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and injustice/wickedness", "*tᵊp̄allᵊṭēnî*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you will deliver me" }, "variants": { "*šāp̄ᵊṭēnî*": "judge me/vindicate me/defend my cause", "*rîḇâ*": "plead/contend/fight for", "*rîḇî*": "my cause/my case/my lawsuit", "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*ḥāsîḏ*": "godly/pious/faithful/kind", "*mirᵊmâ*": "deceit/treachery/fraud", "*ʿawᵊlâ*": "injustice/unrighteousness/wickedness", "*tᵊp̄allᵊṭēnî*": "deliver me/rescue me/save me" } }
• Isa 46:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.46.13", "source": "קֵרַ֤בְתִּי צִדְקָתִי֙ לֹ֣א תִרְחָ֔ק וּתְשׁוּעָתִ֖י לֹ֣א תְאַחֵ֑ר וְנָתַתִּ֤י בְצִיּוֹן֙ תְּשׁוּעָ֔ה לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל תִּפְאַרְתִּֽי׃", "text": "*qērabtî ṣidqātî lōʾ tirḥāq* u-*təšûʿātî lōʾ təʾaḥēr*; wə-*nātattî* in-*Ṣiyyôn təšûʿâ*, to-*Yiśrāʾēl tipʾartî*.", "grammar": { "*qērabtî*": "perfect, 1st singular, piel - I have brought near", "*ṣidqātî*": "noun, feminine, singular + 1st singular suffix - my righteousness", "*tirḥāq*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be far", "*təšûʿātî*": "noun, feminine, singular + 1st singular suffix - my salvation", "*təʾaḥēr*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, piel - it will delay/tarry", "*nātattî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I have given/put", "*Ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*təšûʿâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - salvation/deliverance", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*tipʾartî*": "noun, feminine, singular + 1st singular suffix - my glory/splendor" }, "variants": { "*qērabtî*": "I have brought near/I have brought close/I have made approach", "*ṣidqātî*": "my righteousness/my justice/my righteous cause", "*tirḥāq*": "will be far/will be distant/will delay", "*təšûʿātî*": "my salvation/my deliverance/my rescue", "*təʾaḥēr*": "will delay/will tarry/will be late", "*nātattî*": "I have given/I have put/I have placed/I have set", "*təšûʿâ*": "salvation/deliverance/rescue/victory", "*tipʾartî*": "my glory/my splendor/my beauty/my adornment" } }
• Jer 50:17-20 : 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.17", "source": "שֶׂ֧ה פְזוּרָ֛ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֲרָי֣וֹת הִדִּ֑יחוּ הָרִאשׁ֤וֹן אֲכָלוֹ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר וְזֶ֤ה הָאַחֲרוֹן֙ עִצְּמ֔וֹ נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֖ר מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶֽל׃ ס", "text": "*seh* *pəzurah* *yisraʾel* *ʾarayot* *hiddiḥu* the *riʾshon* *ʾakhalo* *melekh* *ʾashshur* *wə-zeh* the *ʾaḥaron* *ʿitstsəmo* *nəvukhadreʾtstsar* *melekh* *bavel*.", "grammar": { "*seh*": "noun, masculine singular - sheep/lamb", "*pəzurah*": "adjective, feminine singular - scattered", "*yisraʾel*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾarayot*": "noun, masculine plural - lions", "*hiddiḥu*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they have driven away/scattered", "*riʾshon*": "adjective, masculine singular + definite article - the first", "*ʾakhalo*": "perfect, 3rd person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he has eaten/devoured him", "*melekh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾashshur*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*wə-zeh*": "conjunction + demonstrative pronoun - and this", "*ʾaḥaron*": "adjective, masculine singular + definite article - the last", "*ʿitstsəmo*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he has broken/crushed his bones", "*nəvukhadreʾtstsar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melekh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*bavel*": "proper noun - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*seh*": "sheep/lamb/flock member", "*pəzurah*": "scattered/dispersed/driven away", "*hiddiḥu*": "scattered/driven away/thrust aside", "*ʾakhalo*": "devoured/consumed/eaten him", "*ʿitstsəmo*": "broken his bones/crushed him/gnawed his bones" } } 18 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.18", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הִנְנִ֥י פֹקֵ֛ד אֶל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל וְאֶל־אַרְצ֑וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר פָּקַ֖דְתִּי אֶל־מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר׃", "text": "*lakhen* thus *ʾamar* *YHWH* *tsevaʾot* *ʾelohey* *yisraʾel* behold I *poqed* against *melekh* *bavel* and against *ʾartso* as *kaʾasher* *paqadti* against *melekh* *ʾashshur*.", "grammar": { "*lakhen*": "adverb - therefore", "*ʾamar*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has said/spoken", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*tsevaʾot*": "noun, feminine plural construct - of hosts/armies", "*ʾelohey*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*yisraʾel*": "proper noun - Israel", "*poqed*": "participle, masculine singular - punishing/visiting", "*melekh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*bavel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*ʾartso*": "noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his land", "*kaʾasher*": "comparative conjunction - as/just as", "*paqadti*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I have punished/visited", "*melekh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾashshur*": "proper noun - Assyria" }, "variants": { "*lakhen*": "therefore/for this reason", "*poqed*": "punishing/visiting/attending to/bringing judgment upon", "*paqadti*": "I punished/visited/attended to/brought judgment upon" } } 19 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.19", "source": "וְשֹׁבַבְתִּ֤י אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶל־נָוֵ֔הוּ וְרָעָ֥ה הַכַּרְמֶ֖ל וְהַבָּשָׁ֑ן וּבְהַ֥ר אֶפְרַ֛יִם וְהַגִּלְעָ֖ד תִּשְׂבַּ֥ע נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-shovavti* *ʾet*-*yisraʾel* to *navehu* *wə-raʿah* the *karmel* and the *bashan* and in mountain of *ʾefrayim* and the *gilʿad* *tisbaʿ* *nafsho*.", "grammar": { "*wə-shovavti*": "conjunction + Polel perfect, 1st person singular - and I will bring back/restore", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yisraʾel*": "proper noun - Israel", "*navehu*": "noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his pasture/dwelling", "*wə-raʿah*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he will graze/feed", "*karmel*": "proper noun + definite article - the Carmel", "*bashan*": "proper noun + definite article - the Bashan", "*ʾefrayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*gilʿad*": "proper noun + definite article - the Gilead", "*tisbaʿ*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she will be satisfied", "*nafsho*": "noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul/life/appetite" }, "variants": { "*shovavti*": "I will return/restore/bring back", "*navehu*": "his pasture/dwelling place/habitat", "*raʿah*": "he will graze/feed/shepherd", "*tisbaʿ*": "will be satisfied/filled/have enough", "*nafsho*": "his soul/life/appetite/desire" } } 20 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.20", "source": "בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵם֩ וּבָעֵ֨ת הַהִ֜יא נְאֻם־יְהוָ֗ה יְבֻקַּ֞שׁ אֶת־עֲוֺ֤ן יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְאֵינֶ֔נּוּ וְאֶת־חַטֹּ֥את יְהוּדָ֖ה וְלֹ֣א תִמָּצֶ֑אינָה כִּ֥י אֶסְלַ֖ח לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר אַשְׁאִֽיר׃", "text": "In the *yamim* those and in the *ʿet* that *nəʾum*-*YHWH* *yəvuqqash* *ʾet*-*ʿavon* *yisraʾel* *wə-ʾeynennu* and *ʾet*-*ḥattot* *yəhudah* and not *timmatseʾnah* for *ʾeslaḥ* to those whom *ʾashʾir*.", "grammar": { "*yamim*": "noun, masculine plural + definite article - the days", "*ʿet*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the time", "*nəʾum*": "construct noun - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*yəvuqqash*": "Pual imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be sought", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿavon*": "noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*yisraʾel*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə-ʾeynennu*": "conjunction + negative particle + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and it is not", "*ḥattot*": "noun, feminine plural construct - sins of", "*yəhudah*": "proper noun - Judah", "*timmatseʾnah*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they will be found", "*ʾeslaḥ*": "imperfect, 1st person singular - I will forgive/pardon", "*ʾashʾir*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will leave/spare/reserve" }, "variants": { "*nəʾum*": "utterance/declaration/oracle", "*yəvuqqash*": "will be sought/searched for", "*ʿavon*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*ʾeynennu*": "it is not/it will not exist", "*ḥattot*": "sins/offenses/failures", "*timmatseʾnah*": "they will be found/discovered/located", "*ʾeslaḥ*": "I will forgive/pardon/show mercy", "*ʾashʾir*": "I will leave/spare/reserve/keep" } }
• Jer 50:33-34 : 33 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.33", "source": "כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת עֲשׁוּקִ֛ים בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל וּבְנֵי־יְהוּדָ֖ה יַחְדָּ֑ו וְכָל־שֹֽׁבֵיהֶם֙ הֶחֱזִ֣יקוּ בָ֔ם מֵאֲנ֖וּ שַׁלְּחָֽם׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣĕbāʾôt*, *ʿăšûqîm* sons-of-*yiśrāʾēl* and-sons-of-*yĕhûdâ* *yaḥdāw*; and-all-*šōbêhem* *heḥĕzîqû* in-them, *mēʾănû* *šallĕḥām*.", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - says/said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*ṣĕbāʾôt*": "feminine plural noun, construct state - of hosts/armies", "*ʿăšûqîm*": "Qal passive participle, masculine plural - oppressed/exploited ones", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural noun, construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural noun, construct - sons of", "*yĕhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together/at the same time", "*kāl*": "construct noun - all of", "*šōbêhem*": "Qal participle, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their captors", "*heḥĕzîqû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they have seized/held firmly", "*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them", "*mēʾănû*": "Piel perfect, 3rd plural - they have refused", "*šallĕḥām*": "Piel infinitive construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to release/let them go" }, "variants": { "*ʿăšûqîm*": "oppressed/exploited/defrauded ones", "*šōbêhem*": "their captors/captives/captivity", "*heḥĕzîqû*": "seized strongly/held fast/grasped firmly", "*mēʾănû*": "refused/were unwilling/declined", "*šallĕḥām*": "to release them/let them go/send them away" } } 34 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.34", "source": "גֹּאֲלָ֣ם ׀ חָזָ֗ק יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ שְׁמ֔וֹ רִ֥יב יָרִ֖יב אֶת־רִיבָ֑ם לְמַ֙עַן֙ הִרְגִּ֣יעַ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְהִרְגִּ֖יז לְיֹשְׁבֵ֥י בָבֶֽל׃", "text": "*gōʾălām* *ḥāzāq* *YHWH* *ṣĕbāʾôt* *šĕmô*, *rîb* *yārîb* *ʾet*-*rîbām* *lĕmaʿan* *hirgîaʿ* *ʾet*-*hāʾāreṣ* and-*hirgîz* to-inhabitants-of-*bābel*.", "grammar": { "*gōʾălām*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their redeemer", "*ḥāzāq*": "adjective, masculine singular - strong/mighty", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*ṣĕbāʾôt*": "feminine plural noun, construct state - of hosts/armies", "*šĕmô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*rîb*": "Qal infinitive absolute - contend/plead a case", "*yārîb*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will contend/plead", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*rîbām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their case/cause", "*lĕmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that/so that", "*hirgîaʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to give rest to/cause quietness", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land/earth", "*hirgîz*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to tremble/disquiet", "*lĕyōšĕbê*": "preposition + Qal participle, masculine plural construct - to inhabitants of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*gōʾălām*": "their redeemer/avenger/kinsman", "*ḥāzāq*": "strong/mighty/powerful", "*rîb*": "contention/controversy/case/dispute", "*yārîb*": "will contend/plead/strive", "*hirgîaʿ*": "to give rest/cause quietness/provide relief", "*hirgîz*": "to cause trembling/disquiet/agitate/disturb" } }
• Jer 51:35-36 : 35 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.35", "source": "חֲמָסִ֤י וּשְׁאֵרִי֙ עַל־בָּבֶ֔ל תֹּאמַ֖ר יֹשֶׁ֣בֶת צִיּ֑וֹן וְדָמִי֙ אֶל־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י כַשְׂדִּ֔ים תֹּאמַ֖ר יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם", "text": "*ḥămāsî* and-*šəʾērî* against-*Bābel* *tōʾmar* *yōšebet* *Ṣiyyôn* and-*dāmî* to-*yōšəbê* *Kaśdîm* *tōʾmar* *Yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*ḥămāsî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my violence/my wrong", "*šəʾērî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my flesh/my remnant", "*Bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*tōʾmar*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd singular feminine - she will say", "*yōšebet*": "participle, Qal feminine singular construct - inhabitant of/dweller of", "*Ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*dāmî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my blood", "*yōšəbê*": "participle, Qal masculine plural construct - inhabitants of/dwellers of", "*Kaśdîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Chaldeans", "*Yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*ḥămāsî*": "my violence/my wrong/my injury", "*šəʾērî*": "my flesh/my remnant/my body", "*yōšebet*": "female inhabitant/dweller/resident", "*Kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Babylonians" } } 36 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.36", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנְנִי־רָב֙ אֶת־רִיבֵ֔ךְ וְנִקַּמְתִּ֖י אֶת־נִקְמָתֵ֑ךְ וְהַחֲרַבְתִּי֙ אֶת־יַמָּ֔הּ וְהֹבַשְׁתִּ֖י אֶת־מְקוֹרָֽהּ", "text": "Therefore thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* behold-me-*rāb* *ʾet*-*rîbēk* and-*niqqamtî* *ʾet*-*niqmātēk* and-*haḥărabtî* *ʾet*-*yammāh* and-*hōbaštî* *ʾet*-*məqôrāh*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd singular masculine - he said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*rāb*": "participle, Qal masculine singular - contending/pleading", "*rîbēk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your cause/your case", "*niqqamtî*": "verb, Piel perfect, 1st singular - I will avenge", "*niqmātēk*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your vengeance", "*haḥărabtî*": "verb, Hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will dry up/make desolate", "*yammāh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sea", "*hōbaštî*": "verb, Hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will make dry/cause to be ashamed", "*məqôrāh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her fountain/spring" }, "variants": { "*rāb*": "contending/pleading/striving with", "*rîbēk*": "your cause/your case/your lawsuit", "*niqqamtî*": "I will avenge/I will take vengeance", "*haḥărabtî*": "I will dry up/I will make desolate/I will lay waste", "*məqôrāh*": "her fountain/her spring/her source" } }
• Lam 1:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Lamentations.1.18", "source": "צַדִּ֥יק ה֛וּא יְהוָ֖ה כִּ֣י פִ֣יהוּ מָרִ֑יתִי שִׁמְעוּ־נָ֣א כָל־הָֽעַמִּ֗ים וּרְאוּ֙ מַכְאֹבִ֔י בְּתוּלֹתַ֥י וּבַחוּרַ֖י הָלְכ֥וּ בַשֶּֽׁבִי׃ ס", "text": "*ṣaddîq* *hûʾ* *YHWH*, *kî* his *p̄îhû* *mārîṯî*; *šimʿû*-*nāʾ* all-the *ʿammîm* *û*-*rəʾû* my *maḵʾōḇî*; my *ḇəṯûlōṯay* *û*-my *ḇaḥûray* *hāləḵû* in the *šeḇî*.", "grammar": { "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective, masculine singular - righteous", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*p̄îhû*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mouth", "*mārîṯî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I rebelled against", "*šimʿû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - hear", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*kāl*": "noun, construct - all of", "*hāʿammîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the peoples", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*rəʾû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - see", "*maḵʾōḇî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my pain", "*ḇəṯûlōṯay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st singular suffix - my virgins", "*ḇaḥûray*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my young men", "*hāləḵû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they went", "*baššeḇî*": "preposition + definite noun, masculine singular - in the captivity" }, "variants": { "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/just/fair", "*mārîṯî*": "I rebelled against/I disobeyed/I was rebellious toward", "*šimʿû-nāʾ*": "hear, please/listen, I pray", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/populations", "*maḵʾōḇî*": "my pain/my suffering/my sorrow", "*ḇəṯûlōṯay*": "my virgins/my young women", "*ḇaḥûray*": "my young men/my chosen ones", "*šeḇî*": "captivity/exile" } }
• Lam 3:39-42 : 39 { "verseID": "Lamentations.3.39", "source": "מַה־יִּתְאוֹנֵן֙ אָדָ֣ם חָ֔י גֶּ֖בֶר עַל־*חטאו **חֲטָאָֽיו׃", "text": "Why *yitʾônēn* *ʾādām* *ḥāy*, *geber* for *ḥăṭāʾāyw*", "grammar": { "*yitʾônēn*": "verb, hitpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he complains", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ḥāy*": "adjective, masculine singular - living", "*geber*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ḥăṭāʾāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sins" }, "variants": { "*yitʾônēn*": "he complains/he murmurs/he laments", "*ʾādām*": "man/human/mankind", "*geber*": "man/mighty man/strong man", "*ḥăṭāʾāyw*": "his sins/his transgressions" } } 40 { "verseID": "Lamentations.3.40", "source": "נַחְפְּשָׂ֤ה דְרָכֵ֙ינוּ֙ וְֽנַחְקֹ֔רָה וְנָשׁ֖וּבָה עַד־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*naḥpeśâ* *derākêynû* and *naḥqōrâ* and *nāšûbâ* unto *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*naḥpeśâ*": "verb, qal imperfect cohortative, 1st person plural - let us search", "*derākêynû*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - our ways", "*naḥqōrâ*": "verb, qal imperfect cohortative, 1st person plural - let us examine", "*nāšûbâ*": "verb, qal imperfect cohortative, 1st person plural - let us return", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*naḥpeśâ*": "let us search/let us examine", "*naḥqōrâ*": "let us examine/let us investigate/let us test", "*nāšûbâ*": "let us return/let us turn back" } } 41 { "verseID": "Lamentations.3.41", "source": "נִשָּׂ֤א לְבָבֵ֙נוּ֙ אֶל־כַּפָּ֔יִם אֶל־אֵ֖ל בַּשָּׁמָֽיִם׃", "text": "*niśśāʾ* *lebābênû* unto *kappāyim* unto *ʾēl* in the *šāmāyim*", "grammar": { "*niśśāʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect cohortative, 1st person plural - let us lift up", "*lebābênû*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - our heart", "*kappāyim*": "noun, feminine dual - palms/hands", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*šāmāyim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the heavens" }, "variants": { "*niśśāʾ*": "let us lift up/let us raise", "*lebābênû*": "our heart/our inner being", "*kappāyim*": "palms/hands", "*ʾēl*": "God/divine being/mighty one" } } 42 { "verseID": "Lamentations.3.42", "source": "נַ֤חְנוּ פָשַׁ֙עְנוּ֙ וּמָרִ֔ינוּ אַתָּ֖ה לֹ֥א סָלָֽחְתָּ׃", "text": "*naḥnû* *pāšaʿnû* and *mārînû* *ʾattâ* not *sālāḥtā*", "grammar": { "*naḥnû*": "pronoun, 1st person plural - we", "*pāšaʿnû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we have transgressed", "*mārînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we have rebelled", "*ʾattâ*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*sālāḥtā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have forgiven" }, "variants": { "*pāšaʿnû*": "we have transgressed/we have rebelled", "*mārînû*": "we have rebelled/we have disobeyed", "*sālāḥtā*": "you have forgiven/you have pardoned" } }
• Mal 3:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Malachi.3.18", "source": "וְשַׁבְתֶּם֙ וּרְאִיתֶ֔ם בֵּ֥ין צַדִּ֖יק לְרָשָׁ֑ע בֵּ֚ין עֹבֵ֣ד אֱלֹהִ֔ים לַאֲשֶׁ֖ר לֹ֥א עֲבָדֽוֹ׃ ס", "text": "*We-shavtem* *u-reʾitem* *ben* *tsaddiq* *le-rashaʿ* *ben* *ʿoved* *ʾElohim* *la-ʾasher* *loʾ* *ʿavado*.", "grammar": { "*We-shavtem*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you will return", "*u-reʾitem*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you will see", "*ben*": "preposition - between", "*tsaddiq*": "adjective, masculine singular - righteous one", "*le-rashaʿ*": "preposition + adjective, masculine singular - to/and wicked one", "*ben*": "preposition - between", "*ʿoved*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - one serving", "*ʾElohim*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*la-ʾasher*": "preposition + relative pronoun - to the one who", "*loʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿavado*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - served him" }, "variants": { "*shavtem*": "return/turn back/again", "*reʾitem*": "see/observe/discern", "*ben tsaddiq le-rashaʿ*": "between righteous and wicked/between the just and the unjust", "*ʿoved ʾElohim*": "one who serves God/one who obeys God/one who worships God", "*la-ʾasher loʾ ʿavado*": "one who does not serve Him/one who does not obey him" } }
• Luke 15:18-19 : 18 { "verseID": "Luke.15.18", "source": "Ἀναστὰς πορεύσομαι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα μου, καὶ ἐρῶ αὐτῷ, Πάτερ, ἥμαρτον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν, καὶ ἐνώπιόν σου,", "text": "*Anastas* *poreusomai* *pros* the *patera* of-me, and *erō* to-him, *Pater*, *hēmarton* against the *ouranon*, and *enōpion* of-you,", "grammar": { "*Anastas*": "aorist active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having risen up", "*poreusomai*": "future middle indicative, 1st person singular - I will go", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*patera*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - father", "μου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 1st person singular - of me", "*erō*": "future active indicative, 1st person singular - I will say", "αὐτῷ": "personal pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*Pater*": "noun, masculine singular, vocative - Father", "*hēmarton*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I sinned", "*ouranon*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - heaven/sky", "*enōpion*": "preposition + genitive - before/in the sight of", "σου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you" }, "variants": { "*Anastas*": "having risen up/getting up/standing up", "*poreusomai*": "I will go/travel/journey", "*pros*": "to/toward/unto", "*patera*": "father", "*erō*": "I will say/tell/speak", "*hēmarton*": "I sinned/did wrong", "*ouranon*": "heaven/sky", "*enōpion*": "before/in the sight of/in the presence of" } } 19 { "verseID": "Luke.15.19", "source": "Καὶ οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου: ποίησόν με ὡς ἕνα τῶν μισθίων σου.", "text": "And no-longer *eimi* *axios* *klēthēnai* *huios* of-you: *poiēson* me as one of-the *misthiōn* of-you.", "grammar": { "*eimi*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I am", "*axios*": "adjective, masculine singular, nominative - worthy", "*klēthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be called", "*huios*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - son", "σου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*poiēson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular - make", "με": "personal pronoun, accusative, 1st person singular - me", "*misthiōn*": "noun, masculine plural, genitive - of hired servants" }, "variants": { "*eimi*": "I am/exist", "*axios*": "worthy/deserving", "*klēthēnai*": "to be called/named", "*huios*": "son", "*poiēson*": "make/consider/treat", "*misthiōn*": "hired servants/workers" } }