Prov 4:10-23 : 10 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.10",
"source": "שְׁמַ֣ע בְּ֭נִי וְקַ֣ח אֲמָרָ֑י וְיִרְבּ֥וּ לְ֝ךָ֗ שְׁנ֣וֹת חַיִּֽים׃",
"text": "*šəmaʿ* *bənî* *wəqaḥ* *ʾămārāy* *wəyirbû* *ləkā* *šənôt* *ḥayyîm*",
"grammar": {
"*šəmaʿ*": "imperative, masculine singular, qal - hear/listen",
"*bənî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my son",
"*wəqaḥ*": "conjunction + imperative, masculine singular, qal - and take/accept",
"*ʾămārāy*": "masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - my sayings",
"*wəyirbû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - and they will increase/multiply",
"*ləkā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - for you",
"*šənôt*": "feminine plural construct noun - years of",
"*ḥayyîm*": "masculine plural noun - life"
},
"variants": {
"*qaḥ*": "take/accept/receive",
"*ʾămārāy*": "my sayings/words/promises",
"*yirbû*": "increase/multiply/be numerous"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.11",
"source": "בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ חָ֭כְמָה הֹרֵתִ֑יךָ הִ֝דְרַכְתִּ֗יךָ בְּמַעְגְּלֵי־יֹֽשֶׁר׃",
"text": "*bəderek* *ḥākmâ* *hōrêtîkā* *hidraktîkā* *bəmaʿgəlê-yōšer*",
"grammar": {
"*bəderek*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - in way/path of",
"*ḥākmâ*": "feminine singular noun - wisdom",
"*hōrêtîkā*": "perfect, 1st person singular, hiphil + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have taught you",
"*hidraktîkā*": "perfect, 1st person singular, hiphil + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have led/guided you",
"*bəmaʿgəlê-yōšer*": "preposition + masculine plural construct noun + masculine singular noun - in paths of uprightness"
},
"variants": {
"*hōrêtîkā*": "taught/instructed/directed you",
"*hidraktîkā*": "led/guided/directed you",
"*maʿgəlê*": "paths/tracks/ways",
"*yōšer*": "uprightness/straightness/rightness"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.12",
"source": "בְּֽ֭לֶכְתְּךָ לֹא־יֵצַ֣ר צַעֲדֶ֑ךָ וְאִם־תָּ֝ר֗וּץ לֹ֣א תִכָּשֵֽׁל׃",
"text": "*bəlektəkā* *lōʾ-yēṣar* *ṣaʿădekā* *wəʾim-tārûṣ* *lōʾ* *tikkāšēl*",
"grammar": {
"*bəlektəkā*": "preposition + infinitive construct, qal + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - when you walk",
"*lōʾ-yēṣar*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, qal - not will be narrow/restricted",
"*ṣaʿădekā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your step",
"*wəʾim-tārûṣ*": "conjunction + conjunction + imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular, qal - and if you run",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tikkāšēl*": "imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular, niphal - you will stumble"
},
"variants": {
"*yēṣar*": "be narrow/restricted/confined",
"*ṣaʿădekā*": "your step/stride/place of stepping",
"*tārûṣ*": "run/rush",
"*tikkāšēl*": "stumble/stagger/be brought down"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.13",
"source": "הַחֲזֵ֣ק בַּמּוּסָ֣ר אַל־תֶּ֑רֶף נִ֝צְּרֶ֗הָ כִּי־הִ֥יא חַיֶּֽיךָ׃",
"text": "*haḥăzēq* *bammûsār* *ʾal-terep* *niṣṣərehā* *kî-hîʾ* *ḥayyêkā*",
"grammar": {
"*haḥăzēq*": "imperative, masculine singular, hiphil - take hold of/grasp firmly",
"*bammûsār*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the instruction/discipline",
"*ʾal-terep*": "negative particle + imperfect (jussive), 2nd person masculine singular, hiphil - do not let go",
"*niṣṣərehā*": "imperative, masculine singular, qal + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - keep/guard her",
"*kî-hîʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd person feminine singular pronoun - for she",
"*ḥayyêkā*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your life"
},
"variants": {
"*haḥăzēq*": "take hold of/grasp firmly/strengthen",
"*terep*": "let go/release/slacken",
"*niṣṣərehā*": "keep/guard/preserve/watch her"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.14",
"source": "בְּאֹ֣רַח רְ֭שָׁעִים אַל־תָּבֹ֑א וְאַל־תְּ֝אַשֵּׁ֗ר בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ רָעִֽים׃",
"text": "*bəʾōraḥ* *rəšāʿîm* *ʾal-tābōʾ* *wəʾal-təʾaššēr* *bəderek* *rāʿîm*",
"grammar": {
"*bəʾōraḥ*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - in path of",
"*rəšāʿîm*": "masculine plural noun - wicked ones",
"*ʾal-tābōʾ*": "negative particle + imperfect (jussive), 2nd person masculine singular, qal - do not enter",
"*wəʾal-təʾaššēr*": "conjunction + negative particle + imperfect (jussive), 2nd person masculine singular, piel - and do not walk/proceed",
"*bəderek*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - in way of",
"*rāʿîm*": "masculine plural adjective - evil ones"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾōraḥ*": "path/way/trail",
"*rəšāʿîm*": "wicked ones/criminals/evildoers",
"*tābōʾ*": "enter/come/go",
"*təʾaššēr*": "walk/proceed/go straight/advance",
"*rāʿîm*": "evil ones/bad ones/those doing harm"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.15",
"source": "פְּרָעֵ֥הוּ אַל־תַּעֲבָר־בּ֑וֹ שְׂטֵ֖ה מֵעָלָ֣יו וַעֲבֽוֹר׃",
"text": "*pərāʿēhû* *ʾal-taʿăbār-bô* *śəṭê* *mēʿālāyw* *waʿăbôr*",
"grammar": {
"*pərāʿēhû*": "imperative, masculine singular, qal + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - avoid it",
"*ʾal-taʿăbār-bô*": "negative particle + imperfect (jussive), 2nd person masculine singular, qal + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - do not pass on it",
"*śəṭê*": "imperative, masculine singular, qal - turn aside",
"*mēʿālāyw*": "preposition + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from upon it",
"*waʿăbôr*": "conjunction + imperative, masculine singular, qal - and pass by"
},
"variants": {
"*pərāʿēhû*": "avoid it/ignore it/let it go",
"*taʿăbār*": "pass/cross/go through",
"*śəṭê*": "turn aside/deviate/decline",
"*waʿăbôr*": "pass by/cross over/travel on"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.16",
"source": "כִּ֤י לֹ֣א יִֽ֭שְׁנוּ אִם־לֹ֣א יָרֵ֑עוּ וְֽנִגְזְלָ֥ה שְׁ֝נָתָ֗ם אִם־לֹ֥א *יכשולו **יַכְשִֽׁילוּ׃",
"text": "*kî* *lōʾ* *yîšənû* *ʾim-lōʾ* *yārēʿû* *wənigzəlâ* *šənātām* *ʾim-lōʾ* *yakšîlû*",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yîšənû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - they sleep",
"*ʾim-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - if not/unless",
"*yārēʿû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, hiphil - they do evil",
"*wənigzəlâ*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd person feminine singular, niphal - and is robbed/taken away",
"*šənātām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sleep",
"*ʾim-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - if not/unless",
"*yakšîlû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, hiphil - they cause to stumble"
},
"variants": {
"*yîšənû*": "sleep/slumber",
"*yārēʿû*": "do evil/harm/wrong",
"*nigzəlâ*": "is robbed/taken away/snatched",
"*yakšîlû*": "cause to stumble/make fall/bring down"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.17",
"source": "כִּ֣י לָ֭חֲמוּ לֶ֣חֶם רֶ֑שַׁע וְיֵ֖ין חֲמָסִ֣ים יִשְׁתּֽוּ׃",
"text": "*kî* *lāḥămû* *leḥem* *rešaʿ* *wəyêyn* *ḥămāsîm* *yištû*",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*lāḥămû*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - they eat",
"*leḥem*": "masculine singular construct noun - bread of",
"*rešaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - wickedness",
"*wəyêyn*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct noun - and wine of",
"*ḥămāsîm*": "masculine plural noun - violence/wrongs",
"*yištû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - they drink"
},
"variants": {
"*lāḥămû*": "eat/consume/feed on",
"*leḥem*": "bread/food/grain",
"*rešaʿ*": "wickedness/evil/wrongdoing",
"*ḥămāsîm*": "violence/wrongs/injustice/cruelty",
"*yištû*": "drink/imbibe"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.18",
"source": "וְאֹ֣רַח צַ֭דִּיקִים כְּא֣וֹר נֹ֑גַהּ הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וָ֝א֗וֹר עַד־נְכ֥וֹן הַיּֽוֹם׃",
"text": "*wəʾōraḥ* *ṣaddîqîm* *kəʾôr* *nōgah* *hôlēk* *wāʾôr* *ʿad-nəkôn* *hayyôm*",
"grammar": {
"*wəʾōraḥ*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct noun - but path of",
"*ṣaddîqîm*": "masculine plural noun - righteous ones",
"*kəʾôr*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - like light of",
"*nōgah*": "masculine singular noun - brightness/dawn",
"*hôlēk*": "participle, masculine singular, qal - going/walking",
"*wāʾôr*": "conjunction + masculine singular, absolute noun - and shining",
"*ʿad-nəkôn*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - until establishment of",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾōraḥ*": "path/way/trail",
"*ṣaddîqîm*": "righteous ones/just ones/those in right relationship",
"*nōgah*": "brightness/dawn/radiance/light",
"*hôlēk*": "going/walking/proceeding",
"*wāʾôr*": "and shining/and becoming bright",
"*nəkôn*": "establishment/being established/firmness"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.19",
"source": "דֶּ֣רֶךְ רְ֭שָׁעִים כָּֽאֲפֵלָ֑ה לֹ֥א יָ֝דְע֗וּ בַּמֶּ֥ה יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃ פ",
"text": "*derek* *rəšāʿîm* *kāʾăpēlâ* *lōʾ* *yādəʿû* *bammeh* *yikkāšēlû*",
"grammar": {
"*derek*": "masculine singular construct noun - way of",
"*rəšāʿîm*": "masculine plural noun - wicked ones",
"*kāʾăpēlâ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - like the deep darkness",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yādəʿû*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - they know",
"*bammeh*": "preposition + interrogative pronoun - on what",
"*yikkāšēlû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, niphal - they stumble"
},
"variants": {
"*derek*": "way/path/road/journey",
"*rəšāʿîm*": "wicked ones/criminals/evildoers",
"*ʾăpēlâ*": "deep darkness/gloom/thick darkness",
"*yādəʿû*": "know/perceive/recognize",
"*yikkāšēlû*": "stumble/stagger/be brought down"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.20",
"source": "בְּ֭נִי לִדְבָרַ֣י הַקְשִׁ֑יבָה לַ֝אֲמָרַ֗י הַט־אָזְנֶֽךָ׃",
"text": "*bənî* *lidbāray* *haqšîbâ* *laʾămāray* *haṭ-ʾāznekā*",
"grammar": {
"*bənî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my son",
"*lidbāray*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - to my words",
"*haqšîbâ*": "imperative, masculine singular, hiphil - pay attention",
"*laʾămāray*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - to my sayings",
"*haṭ-ʾāznekā*": "imperative, masculine singular, hiphil + feminine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - incline your ear"
},
"variants": {
"*dbāray*": "my words/matters/affairs",
"*haqšîbâ*": "pay attention/listen/be attentive",
"*ʾămāray*": "my sayings/words/promises",
"*haṭ*": "incline/stretch out/extend",
"*ʾāznekā*": "your ear/hearing"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.21",
"source": "אַל־יַלִּ֥יזוּ מֵעֵינֶ֑יךָ שָׁ֝מְרֵ֗ם בְּת֣וֹךְ לְבָבֶֽךָ׃",
"text": "*ʾal-yallîzû* *mēʿênêkā* *šāmrēm* *bətôk* *ləbābekā*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾal-yallîzû*": "negative particle + imperfect (jussive), 3rd person masculine plural, hiphil - let them not depart",
"*mēʿênêkā*": "preposition + feminine dual noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from your eyes",
"*šāmrēm*": "imperative, masculine singular, qal + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - keep them",
"*bətôk*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - in midst of",
"*ləbābekā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your heart"
},
"variants": {
"*yallîzû*": "depart/deviate/turn aside",
"*šāmrēm*": "keep/guard/preserve them",
"*tôk*": "midst/middle/among",
"*ləbābekā*": "your heart/mind/inner self"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.22",
"source": "כִּֽי־חַיִּ֣ים הֵ֭ם לְמֹצְאֵיהֶ֑ם וּֽלְכָל־בְּשָׂר֥וֹ מַרְפֵּֽא׃",
"text": "*kî-ḥayyîm* *hēm* *ləmōṣəʾêhem* *ûləkāl-bəśārô* *marpēʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*kî-ḥayyîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - for life",
"*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they",
"*ləmōṣəʾêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural participle, qal + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to those finding them",
"*ûləkāl-bəśārô*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and to all his flesh",
"*marpēʾ*": "masculine singular noun - healing"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥayyîm*": "life/living",
"*mōṣəʾêhem*": "those finding/discovering/obtaining them",
"*bəśārô*": "his flesh/body/person",
"*marpēʾ*": "healing/health/cure/remedy"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.23",
"source": "מִֽכָּל־מִ֭שְׁמָר נְצֹ֣ר לִבֶּ֑ךָ כִּֽי־מִ֝מֶּ֗נּוּ תּוֹצְא֥וֹת חַיִּֽים׃",
"text": "*mikkāl-mišmār* *nəṣōr* *libbekā* *kî-mimmennû* *tôṣəʾôt* *ḥayyîm*",
"grammar": {
"*mikkāl-mišmār*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + masculine singular noun - above all guarding",
"*nəṣōr*": "imperative, masculine singular, qal - keep/guard",
"*libbekā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your heart",
"*kî-mimmennû*": "conjunction + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for from it",
"*tôṣəʾôt*": "feminine plural construct noun - outgoings of",
"*ḥayyîm*": "masculine plural noun - life"
},
"variants": {
"*mišmār*": "guarding/watch/guard post",
"*nəṣōr*": "keep/guard/preserve/watch",
"*tôṣəʾôt*": "outgoings/sources/boundaries/extremities"
}
}