1 Sam 26:1-9 : 1 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.1",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ הַזִּפִים֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל הַגִּבְעָ֖תָה לֵאמֹ֑ר הֲל֨וֹא דָוִ֤ד מִסְתַּתֵּר֙ בְּגִבְעַ֣ת הַחֲכִילָ֔ה עַ֖ל פְּנֵ֥י הַיְשִׁימֹֽן׃",
"text": "And *wayyāḇōʾû* the *ziphîm* to *šāʾûl* to the *giḇʿāṯâ* *lēʾmōr*: *hǎlôʾ* *dāwid* *mistattēr* in *giḇʿaṯ* the *ḥăḵîlâ* on *pәnê* the *yәšîmōn*?",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāḇōʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they came",
"*ziphîm*": "Proper noun, masculine plural - the Ziphites (people from Ziph)",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*giḇʿāṯâ*": "Noun, feminine singular with directional he - to Gibeah",
"*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - to say/saying",
"*hǎlôʾ*": "Interrogative particle - is not?",
"*dāwid*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*mistattēr*": "Hithpael participle, masculine singular - hiding himself",
"*giḇʿaṯ*": "Noun construct, feminine singular - hill of",
"*ḥăḵîlâ*": "Proper noun, feminine singular - Hachilah",
"*pәnê*": "Noun construct, masculine plural - face of",
"*yәšîmōn*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the desert/wilderness"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāḇōʾû*": "came/arrived/entered",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say",
"*hǎlôʾ*": "is not?/surely",
"*mistattēr*": "hiding himself/concealing himself",
"*pәnê*": "face of/in front of/overlooking",
"*yәšîmōn*": "desert/wilderness/wasteland"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.2",
"source": "וַיָּ֣קָם שָׁא֗וּל וַיֵּ֙רֶד֙ אֶל־מִדְבַּר־זִ֔יף וְאִתּ֛וֹ שְׁלֹֽשֶׁת־אֲלָפִ֥ים אִ֖ישׁ בְּחוּרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל לְבַקֵּ֥שׁ אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד בְּמִדְבַּר־זִֽיף׃",
"text": "And *wayyāqom* *šāʾûl* and *wayyēreḏ* to *miḏbar*-*zîp̄*, and with him *šәlōšeṯ*-*ʾălāp̄îm* *ʾîš* *bәḥûrê* *yiśrāʾēl*, to *lәḇaqqēš* *ʾeṯ*-*dāwiḏ* in *miḏbar*-*zîp̄*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāqom*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he arose",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*wayyēreḏ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he went down",
"*miḏbar*": "Noun construct, masculine singular - wilderness of",
"*zîp̄*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Ziph",
"*šәlōšeṯ*": "Noun construct, feminine singular - three of",
"*ʾălāp̄îm*": "Noun, masculine plural - thousands",
"*ʾîš*": "Noun, masculine singular - men",
"*bәḥûrê*": "Noun construct, masculine plural - chosen men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Israel",
"*lәḇaqqēš*": "Piel infinitive construct with preposition - to seek",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāqom*": "arose/stood up",
"*wayyēreḏ*": "went down/descended",
"*miḏbar*": "wilderness/desert",
"*bәḥûrê*": "chosen men/select men/elite men",
"*lәḇaqqēš*": "to seek/to search for/to hunt"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.3",
"source": "וַיִּ֨חַן שָׁא֜וּל בְּגִבְעַ֣ת הַחֲכִילָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֛ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הַיְשִׁימֹ֖ן עַל־הַדָּ֑רֶךְ וְדָוִד֙ יֹשֵׁ֣ב בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וַיַּ֕רְא כִּ֣י בָ֥א שָׁא֛וּל אַחֲרָ֖יו הַמִּדְבָּֽרָה׃",
"text": "And *wayyiḥan* *šāʾûl* in *giḇʿaṯ* the *ḥăḵîlâ* *ʾăšer* on *pәnê* the *yәšîmōn* on the *dāreḵ*. And *dāwiḏ* *yōšēḇ* in the *midḇār*, and *wayyarʾ* that *ḇā* *šāʾûl* after him to the *midḇārâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiḥan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he encamped",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*giḇʿaṯ*": "Noun construct, feminine singular - hill of",
"*ḥăḵîlâ*": "Proper noun, feminine singular with definite article - the Hachilah",
"*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - which",
"*pәnê*": "Noun construct, masculine plural - face of",
"*yәšîmōn*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the desert/wilderness",
"*dāreḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the road/way",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*yōšēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - dwelling/staying",
"*midḇār*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness",
"*wayyarʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he saw",
"*ḇā*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had come",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*midḇārâ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article and directional he - to the wilderness"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiḥan*": "encamped/pitched camp",
"*ʾăšer*": "which/that",
"*pәnê*": "face of/in front of/overlooking",
"*yәšîmōn*": "desert/wilderness/wasteland",
"*dāreḵ*": "road/way/path",
"*yōšēḇ*": "dwelling/staying/sitting",
"*midḇār*": "wilderness/desert",
"*wayyarʾ*": "saw/perceived",
"*ḇā*": "had come/was coming"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.4",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח דָּוִ֖ד מְרַגְּלִ֑ים וַיֵּ֕דַע כִּֽי־בָ֥א שָׁא֖וּל אֶל־נָכֽוֹן׃",
"text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *dāwiḏ* *mәraggәlîm* and *wayyēḏaʿ* that *ḇā* *šāʾûl* to *nāḵôn*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišlaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he sent",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*mәraggәlîm*": "Piel participle, masculine plural - spies",
"*wayyēḏaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he knew",
"*ḇā*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had come",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*nāḵôn*": "Noun, masculine singular - certainty/for certain/to a fixed place"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyišlaḥ*": "sent/dispatched",
"*mәraggәlîm*": "spies/scouts",
"*wayyēḏaʿ*": "knew/found out/learned",
"*ḇā*": "had come/was coming/arrived",
"*nāḵôn*": "certainty/fixed place/established position/for certain"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.5",
"source": "וַיָּ֣קָם דָּוִ֗ד וַיָּבֹא֮ אֶֽל־הַמָּקוֹם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חָנָה־שָׁ֣ם שָׁאוּל֒ וַיַּ֣רְא דָּוִ֗ד אֶת־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָֽׁכַב־שָׁ֣ם שָׁא֔וּל וְאַבְנֵ֥ר בֶּן־נֵ֖ר שַׂר־צְבָא֑וֹ וְשָׁאוּל֙ שֹׁכֵ֣ב בַּמַּעְגָּ֔ל וְהָעָ֖ם חֹנִ֥ים סְבִיבֹתָֽיו׃",
"text": "And *wayyāqom* *dāwiḏ* and *wayyāḇōʾ* to the *māqôm* *ʾăšer* *ḥānâ*-there *šāʾûl*. And *wayyarʾ* *dāwiḏ* *ʾeṯ*-the *māqôm* *ʾăšer* *šāḵaḇ*-there *šāʾûl* and *ʾaḇnēr* son of-*nēr* *śar*-*ṣәḇāʾô*. And *šāʾûl* *šōḵēḇ* in the *maʿgāl* and the *ʿām* *ḥōnîm* *sәḇîḇōṯāyw*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāqom*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he arose",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he came",
"*māqôm*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the place",
"*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - which/where",
"*ḥānâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had encamped",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*wayyarʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he saw",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*šāḵaḇ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had lain down",
"*ʾaḇnēr*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abner",
"*nēr*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Ner",
"*śar*": "Noun construct, masculine singular - commander of",
"*ṣәḇāʾô*": "Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his army",
"*šōḵēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - lying",
"*maʿgāl*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the entrenchment/wagon-circle/barricade",
"*ʿām*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people/troops",
"*ḥōnîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - encamping/camping",
"*sәḇîḇōṯāyw*": "Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - around him"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāqom*": "arose/stood up",
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "came/went/arrived",
"*māqôm*": "place/location/site",
"*ḥānâ*": "had encamped/had camped",
"*wayyarʾ*": "saw/perceived/observed",
"*šāḵaḇ*": "had lain down/was sleeping/was lying",
"*śar*": "commander/prince/captain",
"*ṣәḇāʾô*": "his army/his host/his forces",
"*šōḵēḇ*": "lying/sleeping",
"*maʿgāl*": "entrenchment/wagon-circle/barricade/camp",
"*ʿām*": "people/troops/soldiers",
"*ḥōnîm*": "encamping/camping/staying",
"*sәḇîḇōṯāyw*": "around him/surrounding him"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.6",
"source": "וַיַּ֨עַן דָּוִ֜ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ אֶל־אֲחִימֶ֣לֶךְ הַחִתִּ֗י וְאֶל־אֲבִישַׁ֨י בֶּן־צְרוּיָ֜ה אֲחִ֤י יוֹאָב֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מִֽי־יֵרֵ֥ד אִתִּ֛י אֶל־שָׁא֖וּל אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲבִישַׁ֔י אֲנִ֖י אֵרֵ֥ד עִמָּֽךְ׃",
"text": "And *wayyaʿan* *dāwiḏ* and *wayyōʾmer* to *ʾăḥîmeleḵ* the *ḥittî* and to *ʾăḇîšay* son of-*ṣәrûyâ* brother of-*yôʾāḇ* *lēʾmōr*: Who-*yērēḏ* with me to *šāʾûl* to the *maḥăneh*? And *wayyōʾmer* *ʾăḇîšay*: I *ʾērēḏ* with you.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he answered",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*ʾăḥîmeleḵ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Ahimelech",
"*ḥittî*": "Gentilic adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the Hittite",
"*ʾăḇîšay*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abishai",
"*ṣәrûyâ*": "Proper noun, feminine singular - Zeruiah",
"*yôʾāḇ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Joab",
"*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - saying",
"*yērēḏ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will go down",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*maḥăneh*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the camp",
"*ʾăḇîšay*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abishai",
"*ʾērēḏ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will go down"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "answered/responded/replied",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*ḥittî*": "Hittite (person from Heth)",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say",
"*yērēḏ*": "will go down/will descend",
"*maḥăneh*": "camp/encampment",
"*ʾērēḏ*": "I will go down/I will descend"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.7",
"source": "וַיָּבֹא֩ דָוִ֨ד וַאֲבִישַׁ֥י ׀ אֶל־הָעָם֮ לַיְלָה֒ וְהִנֵּ֣ה שָׁא֗וּל שֹׁכֵ֤ב יָשֵׁן֙ בַּמַּעְגָּ֔ל וַחֲנִית֥וֹ מְעוּכָֽה־בָאָ֖רֶץ מְרַאֲשֹׁתָ֑יו וְאַבְנֵ֣ר וְהָעָ֔ם שֹׁכְבִ֖ים סְבִיבֹתָֽיו׃",
"text": "And *wayyāḇōʾ* *dāwiḏ* and *ʾăḇîšay* to the *ʿām* by *laylâ*. And *wәhinnēh* *šāʾûl* *šōḵēḇ* *yāšēn* in the *maʿgāl*, and *wăḥănîṯô* *mәʿûḵâ*-in the *ʾāreṣ* *mәraʾăšōṯāyw*, and *ʾaḇnēr* and the *ʿām* *šōḵәḇîm* *sәḇîḇōṯāyw*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he came",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ʾăḇîšay*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abishai",
"*ʿām*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people/troops",
"*laylâ*": "Noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition - by night",
"*wәhinnēh*": "Demonstrative particle - and behold",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*šōḵēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - lying",
"*yāšēn*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - sleeping",
"*maʿgāl*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the entrenchment/wagon-circle",
"*wăḥănîṯô*": "Noun, feminine singular with conjunction and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his spear",
"*mәʿûḵâ*": "Qal passive participle, feminine singular - stuck/thrust",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "Noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition and definite article - in the ground",
"*mәraʾăšōṯāyw*": "Noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - at his head",
"*ʾaḇnēr*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abner",
"*ʿām*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people/troops",
"*šōḵәḇîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - lying",
"*sәḇîḇōṯāyw*": "Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - around him"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "came/went/arrived",
"*ʿām*": "people/troops/soldiers",
"*laylâ*": "by night/during the night",
"*wәhinnēh*": "and behold/and look",
"*šōḵēḇ*": "lying/lying down",
"*yāšēn*": "sleeping/asleep",
"*maʿgāl*": "entrenchment/wagon-circle/barricade/camp",
"*mәʿûḵâ*": "stuck/thrust/driven",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "ground/earth/land",
"*mәraʾăšōṯāyw*": "at his head/at his head-place",
"*šōḵәḇîm*": "lying/sleeping",
"*sәḇîḇōṯāyw*": "around him/surrounding him"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.8",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲבִישַׁי֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד סִגַּ֨ר אֱלֹהִ֥ים הַיּ֛וֹם אֶת־אוֹיִבְךָ֖ בְּיָדֶ֑ךָ וְעַתָּה֩ אַכֶּ֨נּוּ נָ֜א בַּחֲנִ֤ית וּבָאָ֙רֶץ֙ פַּ֣עַם אַחַ֔ת וְלֹ֥א אֶשְׁנֶ֖ה לֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *ʾăḇîšay* to *dāwiḏ*: *siggar* *ʾĕlōhîm* this day *ʾeṯ*-your *ʾôyiḇḵā* in *yāḏeḵā*. And now *ʾakennû* *nāʾ* with the *ḥănîṯ* and in the *ʾāreṣ* one *paʿam*, and not *ʾešneh* to him.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*ʾăḇîšay*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abishai",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*siggar*": "Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - has delivered up",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "Noun, masculine plural (used as singular) - God",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*ʾôyiḇḵā*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemy",
"*yāḏeḵā*": "Noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - into your hand",
"*ʾakennû*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - let me strike him",
"*nāʾ*": "Particle of entreaty - please/now",
"*ḥănîṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition and definite article - with the spear",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "Noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition and definite article - into the ground",
"*paʿam*": "Noun, feminine singular - time/stroke",
"*ʾešneh*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will repeat/do again"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*siggar*": "delivered up/trapped/handed over",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/deity",
"*ʾôyiḇḵā*": "your enemy/your adversary",
"*yāḏeḵā*": "your hand/your power",
"*ʾakennû*": "let me strike him/let me smite him",
"*nāʾ*": "please/now/I pray",
"*ḥănîṯ*": "spear/lance",
"*paʿam*": "time/stroke/blow",
"*ʾešneh*": "I will repeat/do twice/do again"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.9",
"source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר דָּוִ֛ד אֶל־אֲבִישַׁ֖י אַל־תַּשְׁחִיתֵ֑הוּ כִּ֠י מִ֣י שָׁלַ֥ח יָד֛וֹ בִּמְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָ֖ה וְנִקָּֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *dāwiḏ* to *ʾăḇîšay*: *ʾal*-*tašḥîṯēhû*, for who *šālaḥ* *yāḏô* against *mәšîaḥ* *YHWH* and *wәniqqâ*?",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ʾăḇîšay*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abishai",
"*ʾal*": "Negative particle for command - do not",
"*tašḥîṯēhû*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - destroy him",
"*šālaḥ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - sent out/extended",
"*yāḏô*": "Noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hand",
"*mәšîaḥ*": "Noun, masculine singular construct - anointed of",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*wәniqqâ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw conjunction - and be held innocent/guiltless"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*ʾal*": "do not/never",
"*tašḥîṯēhû*": "destroy him/harm him/kill him",
"*šālaḥ*": "sent out/extended/stretched out",
"*yāḏô*": "his hand/his power",
"*mәšîaḥ*": "anointed one/consecrated one",
"*wәniqqâ*": "and be held innocent/go unpunished/be acquitted"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.10",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ חַי־יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י אִם־יְהוָ֖ה יִגָּפֶ֑נּוּ אֽוֹ־יוֹמ֤וֹ יָבוֹא֙ וָמֵ֔ת א֧וֹ בַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה יֵרֵ֖ד וְנִסְפָּֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *dāwiḏ*: *ḥay*-*YHWH*, for *ʾim*-*YHWH* *yiggāp̄ennû* or his *yômô* *yāḇôʾ* and *wāmēṯ*, or in the *milḥāmâ* *yērēḏ* and *wәnispâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ḥay*": "Adjective, masculine singular construct - alive/living",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*ʾim*": "Conditional particle - if/surely",
"*yiggāp̄ennû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - will strike him",
"*yômô*": "Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his day",
"*yāḇôʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will come",
"*wāmēṯ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he will die",
"*milḥāmâ*": "Noun, feminine singular with definite article and prefixed preposition - in the battle",
"*yērēḏ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will go down",
"*wәnispâ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he will be swept away"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*ḥay*": "alive/as surely as...lives/by the life of",
"*ʾim*": "if/surely",
"*yiggāp̄ennû*": "will strike him/will smite him/will defeat him",
"*yômô*": "his day/his appointed time",
"*yāḇôʾ*": "will come/will arrive",
"*wāmēṯ*": "and he will die/and he dies",
"*milḥāmâ*": "battle/war/combat",
"*yērēḏ*": "he will go down/descend/enter",
"*wәnispâ*": "and he will be swept away/and he will perish"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.11",
"source": "חָלִ֤ילָה לִּי֙ מֵֽיהוָ֔ה מִשְּׁלֹ֥חַ יָדִ֖י בִּמְשִׁ֣יחַ יְהוָ֑ה וְ֠עַתָּה קַח־נָ֨א אֶֽת־הַחֲנִ֜ית אֲשֶׁ֧ר מְרַאֲשֹׁתָ֛יו וְאֶת־צַפַּ֥חַת הַמַּ֖יִם וְנֵ֥לֲכָה לָּֽנוּ׃",
"text": "*ḥālîlâ* to me from *YHWH* from *miššәlōaḥ* *yāḏî* against *mәšîaḥ* *YHWH*. And now, *qaḥ*-*nāʾ* *ʾeṯ*-the *ḥănîṯ* *ʾăšer* *mәraʾăšōṯāyw* and *ʾeṯ*-*ṣappaḥaṯ* the *mayim*, and *nēlăḵâ* to us.",
"grammar": {
"*ḥālîlâ*": "Substantive/interjection - far be it",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name with prefixed preposition - from Yahweh/the LORD",
"*miššәlōaḥ*": "Qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - from stretching out",
"*yāḏî*": "Noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*mәšîaḥ*": "Noun, masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition - against the anointed of",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*qaḥ*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - take",
"*nāʾ*": "Particle of entreaty - please/now",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*ḥănîṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular with definite article - the spear",
"*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - which",
"*mәraʾăšōṯāyw*": "Noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - at his head",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*ṣappaḥaṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular construct - jar/flask of",
"*mayim*": "Noun, masculine plural with definite article - the water",
"*nēlăḵâ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person plural with cohortative he - let us go"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥālîlâ*": "far be it/God forbid/by no means",
"*miššәlōaḥ*": "from stretching out/from sending/from extending",
"*yāḏî*": "my hand/my power",
"*mәšîaḥ*": "anointed one/consecrated one",
"*qaḥ*": "take/get",
"*nāʾ*": "please/now/I pray",
"*ḥănîṯ*": "spear/lance",
"*mәraʾăšōṯāyw*": "at his head/at his head-place",
"*ṣappaḥaṯ*": "jar/flask/jug",
"*mayim*": "water",
"*nēlăḵâ*": "let us go/let us depart"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.12",
"source": "וַיִּקַּח֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶֽת־הַחֲנִ֜ית וְאֶת־צַפַּ֤חַת הַמַּ֙יִם֙ מֵרַאֲשֹׁתֵ֣י שָׁא֔וּל וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם וְאֵ֣ין רֹאֶה֩ וְאֵ֨ין יוֹדֵ֜עַ וְאֵ֣ין מֵקִ֗יץ כִּ֤י כֻלָּם֙ יְשֵׁנִ֔ים כִּ֚י תַּרְדֵּמַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה נָפְלָ֖ה עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyiqqaḥ* *dāwiḏ* *ʾeṯ*-the *ḥănîṯ* and *ʾeṯ*-*ṣappaḥaṯ* the *mayim* from *mēraʾăšōṯê* *šāʾûl*, and *wayyēlәḵû* to them. And no *rōʾeh* and no *yôḏēaʿ* and no *mēqîṣ*, for all of them *yәšēnîm*, for *tarḏēmaṯ* *YHWH* *nāp̄әlâ* upon them.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiqqaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he took",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*ḥănîṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular with definite article - the spear",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*ṣappaḥaṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular construct - jar/flask of",
"*mayim*": "Noun, masculine plural with definite article - the water",
"*mēraʾăšōṯê*": "Noun, feminine plural construct - from the head-place of",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*wayyēlәḵû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they went",
"*rōʾeh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - seeing/one who sees",
"*yôḏēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - knowing/one who knows",
"*mēqîṣ*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - awakening/one who awakens",
"*yәšēnîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - sleeping",
"*tarḏēmaṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular construct - deep sleep of",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*nāp̄әlâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - had fallen"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiqqaḥ*": "took/got/obtained",
"*ḥănîṯ*": "spear/lance",
"*ṣappaḥaṯ*": "jar/flask/jug",
"*mayim*": "water",
"*mēraʾăšōṯê*": "from the head-place of/from beside the head of",
"*wayyēlәḵû*": "and they went/and they departed",
"*rōʾeh*": "seeing/one who sees/observer",
"*yôḏēaʿ*": "knowing/one who knows/perceiver",
"*mēqîṣ*": "awakening/one who awakens",
"*yәšēnîm*": "sleeping/asleep",
"*tarḏēmaṯ*": "deep sleep/trance/stupor",
"*nāp̄әlâ*": "had fallen/descended/come upon"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.13",
"source": "וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר דָּוִד֙ הָעֵ֔בֶר וַיַּעֲמֹ֥ד עַל־רֹאשׁ־הָהָ֖ר מֵֽרָחֹ֑ק רַ֥ב הַמָּק֖וֹם בֵּינֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyaʿăḇōr* *dāwiḏ* the *ʿēḇer* and *wayyaʿămōḏ* on *rōʾš*-the *hār* from *mērāḥōq*. *raḇ* the *māqôm* between them.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he crossed over",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ʿēḇer*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the other side",
"*wayyaʿămōḏ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he stood",
"*rōʾš*": "Noun, masculine singular construct - top of",
"*hār*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the mountain/hill",
"*mērāḥōq*": "Noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition - from afar",
"*raḇ*": "Adjective, masculine singular - great",
"*māqôm*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the distance/space",
"*bēynêhem*": "Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - between them"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "crossed over/passed over/went across",
"*ʿēḇer*": "other side/opposite side",
"*wayyaʿămōḏ*": "stood/positioned himself",
"*rōʾš*": "top/head/summit",
"*hār*": "mountain/hill",
"*mērāḥōq*": "from afar/from a distance",
"*raḇ*": "great/large/wide",
"*māqôm*": "distance/space/place"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.14",
"source": "וַיִּקְרָ֨א דָוִ֜ד אֶל־הָעָ֗ם וְאֶל־אַבְנֵ֤ר בֶּן־נֵר֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הֲל֥וֹא תַעֲנֶ֖ה אַבְנֵ֑ר וַיַּ֤עַן אַבְנֵר֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר מִ֥י אַתָּ֖ה קָרָ֥אתָ אֶל־הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃",
"text": "And *wayyiqrāʾ* *dāwiḏ* to the *ʿām* and to *ʾaḇnēr* son of-*nēr* *lēʾmōr*: *hǎlôʾ* *taʿăneh* *ʾaḇnēr*? And *wayyaʿan* *ʾaḇnēr* and *wayyōʾmer*: Who are you who *qārāʾṯā* to the *meleḵ*?",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiqrāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he called",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ʿām*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people/troops",
"*ʾaḇnēr*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abner",
"*nēr*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Ner",
"*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - saying",
"*hǎlôʾ*": "Interrogative particle - will not",
"*taʿăneh*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you answer",
"*ʾaḇnēr*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abner",
"*wayyaʿan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he answered",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*qārāʾṯā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have called",
"*meleḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiqrāʾ*": "called/cried out/shouted",
"*ʿām*": "people/troops/soldiers",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say",
"*hǎlôʾ*": "will not/won't you",
"*taʿăneh*": "answer/respond/reply",
"*wayyaʿan*": "answered/responded/replied",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*qārāʾṯā*": "called/cried out/shouted",
"*meleḵ*": "king/ruler"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.15",
"source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶל־אַבְנֵ֜ר הֲלוֹא־אִ֣ישׁ אַתָּ֗ה וּמִ֤י כָמ֙וֹךָ֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְלָ֙מָּה֙ לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔רְתָּ אֶל־אֲדֹנֶ֖יךָ הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כִּי־בָא֙ אַחַ֣ד הָעָ֔ם לְהַשְׁחִ֖ית אֶת־הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ אֲדֹנֶֽיךָ׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *dāwiḏ* to *ʾaḇnēr*: *hǎlôʾ*-*ʾîš* you, and who like you in *yiśrāʾēl*? And why not *šāmartā* *ʾel*-your *ʾăḏōneḵā* the *meleḵ*? For *ḇāʾ* one of the *ʿām* to *lәhašḥîṯ* *ʾeṯ*-the *meleḵ* your *ʾăḏōneḵā*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ʾaḇnēr*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abner",
"*hǎlôʾ*": "Interrogative particle - are not",
"*ʾîš*": "Noun, masculine singular - man",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition - in Israel",
"*šāmartā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you guarded",
"*ʾel*": "Preposition - over",
"*ʾăḏōneḵā*": "Noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your lord",
"*meleḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king",
"*ḇāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - came",
"*ʿām*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people/troops",
"*lәhašḥîṯ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - to destroy",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*meleḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king",
"*ʾăḏōneḵā*": "Noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your lord"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*hǎlôʾ*": "are not/aren't you",
"*ʾîš*": "man/warrior/important person",
"*šāmartā*": "guarded/watched over/protected",
"*ʾăḏōneḵā*": "your lord/your master",
"*meleḵ*": "king/ruler",
"*ḇāʾ*": "came/entered",
"*ʿām*": "people/troops/soldiers",
"*lәhašḥîṯ*": "to destroy/to kill/to harm"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.16",
"source": "לֹא־ט֞וֹב הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּה֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂיתָ֒ חַי־יְהוָ֗ה כִּ֤י בְנֵי־מָ֙וֶת֙ אַתֶּ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹֽא־שְׁמַרְתֶּ֛ם עַל־אֲדֹנֵיכֶ֖ם עַל־מְשִׁ֣יחַ יְהוָ֑ה וְעַתָּ֣ה ׀ רְאֵ֗ה אֵֽי־חֲנִ֥ית הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ וְאֶת־צַפַּ֥חַת הַמַּ֖יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר מְרַאֲשֹׁתָֽיו׃",
"text": "Not *ṭôḇ* this *dāḇār* *ʾăšer* *ʿāśîṯā*. *ḥay*-*YHWH* for *bәnê*-*māweṯ* you, *ʾăšer* not *šәmartem* over your *ʾăḏōnêḵem*, over *mәšîaḥ* *YHWH*. And now, *rәʾēh* where *ḥănîṯ* the *meleḵ* and *ʾeṯ*-*ṣappaḥaṯ* the *mayim* *ʾăšer* *mәraʾăšōṯāyw*.",
"grammar": {
"*ṭôḇ*": "Adjective, masculine singular - good",
"*dāḇār*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the thing/matter",
"*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - which/that",
"*ʿāśîṯā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you did",
"*ḥay*": "Adjective, masculine singular construct - alive/living",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*bәnê*": "Noun construct, masculine plural - sons of",
"*māweṯ*": "Noun, masculine singular - death",
"*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - who",
"*šәmartem*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you guarded",
"*ʾăḏōnêḵem*": "Noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your lord",
"*mәšîaḥ*": "Noun, masculine singular construct - anointed of",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*rәʾēh*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - see/look",
"*ḥănîṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular construct - spear of",
"*meleḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*ṣappaḥaṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular construct - jar/flask of",
"*mayim*": "Noun, masculine plural with definite article - the water",
"*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - which",
"*mәraʾăšōṯāyw*": "Noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - at his head"
},
"variants": {
"*ṭôḇ*": "good/right/proper",
"*dāḇār*": "thing/matter/deed",
"*ʿāśîṯā*": "you did/you have done",
"*ḥay*": "alive/as surely as...lives/by the life of",
"*bәnê*": "sons of/worthy of",
"*māweṯ*": "death",
"*šәmartem*": "you guarded/you protected/you watched over",
"*ʾăḏōnêḵem*": "your lord/your master",
"*mәšîaḥ*": "anointed one/consecrated one",
"*rәʾēh*": "see/look/behold",
"*ḥănîṯ*": "spear/lance",
"*meleḵ*": "king/ruler",
"*ṣappaḥaṯ*": "jar/flask/jug",
"*mayim*": "water",
"*mәraʾăšōṯāyw*": "at his head/at his head-place"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.17",
"source": "וַיַּכֵּ֤ר שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־ק֣וֹל דָּוִ֔ד וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הֲקוֹלְךָ֥ זֶ֖ה בְּנִ֣י דָוִ֑ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד קוֹלִ֖י אֲדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃",
"text": "And *wayyakkēr* *šāʾûl* *ʾeṯ*-*qôl* *dāwiḏ*, and *wayyōʾmer*: *hǎqôlḵā* this, my son *dāwiḏ*? And *wayyōʾmer* *dāwiḏ*: My *qôlî*, my *ʾăḏōnî* the *meleḵ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyakkēr*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he recognized",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*qôl*": "Noun, masculine singular construct - voice of",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*hǎqôlḵā*": "Noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix and interrogative particle - is your voice",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*qôlî*": "Noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my voice",
"*ʾăḏōnî*": "Noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my lord",
"*meleḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyakkēr*": "recognized/identified/knew",
"*qôl*": "voice/sound",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*hǎqôlḵā*": "is your voice/is that your voice",
"*qôlî*": "my voice/my sound",
"*ʾăḏōnî*": "my lord/my master",
"*meleḵ*": "king/ruler"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.18",
"source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לָ֥מָּה זֶּ֛ה אֲדֹנִ֥י רֹדֵ֖ף אַחֲרֵ֣י עַבְדּ֑וֹ כִּ֚י מֶ֣ה עָשִׂ֔יתִי וּמַה־בְּיָדִ֖י רָעָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer*: Why *zeh* my *ʾăḏōnî* *rōḏēp̄* after his *ʿaḇdô*? For what *ʿāśîṯî*, and what-in my *yāḏî* *rāʿâ*?",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*zeh*": "Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this",
"*ʾăḏōnî*": "Noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my lord",
"*rōḏēp̄*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - pursuing",
"*ʿaḇdô*": "Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servant",
"*ʿāśîṯî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I have done",
"*yāḏî*": "Noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition - in my hand",
"*rāʿâ*": "Noun, feminine singular - evil/harm"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*zeh*": "this/thus",
"*ʾăḏōnî*": "my lord/my master",
"*rōḏēp̄*": "pursuing/chasing/hunting",
"*ʿaḇdô*": "his servant/his slave",
"*ʿāśîṯî*": "I have done/I have committed",
"*yāḏî*": "my hand/my power",
"*rāʿâ*": "evil/harm/wickedness"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.19",
"source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה יִֽשְׁמַֽע־נָא֙ אֲדֹנִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אֵ֖ת דִּבְרֵ֣י עַבְדּ֑וֹ אִם־יְהוָ֞ה הֱסִֽיתְךָ֥ בִי֙ יָרַ֣ח מִנְחָ֔ה וְאִ֣ם ׀ בְּנֵ֣י הָאָדָ֗ם אֲרוּרִ֥ים הֵם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה כִּֽי־גֵרְשׁ֣וּנִי הַיּ֗וֹם מֵהִסְתַּפֵּ֜חַ בְּנַחֲלַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֵ֥ךְ עֲבֹ֖ד אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִֽים׃",
"text": "And now, *yišmaʿ*-*nāʾ* my *ʾăḏōnî* the *meleḵ* *ʾēṯ* *diḇrê* his *ʿaḇdô*. If *YHWH* *hĕsîṯḵā* against me, may he *yāraḥ* *minḥâ*, but if *bәnê* the *ʾāḏām*, *ʾărûrîm* they before *YHWH*, for they have *gēršûnî* this day from *mēhistappēaḥ* in *naḥălaṯ* *YHWH* *lēʾmōr*: Go *ʿăḇōḏ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*yišmaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let him hear",
"*nāʾ*": "Particle of entreaty - please/now",
"*ʾăḏōnî*": "Noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my lord",
"*meleḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king",
"*ʾēṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*diḇrê*": "Noun construct, masculine plural - words of",
"*ʿaḇdô*": "Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servant",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*hĕsîṯḵā*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - has incited you",
"*yāraḥ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - may he smell/accept",
"*minḥâ*": "Noun, feminine singular - offering/gift",
"*bәnê*": "Noun construct, masculine plural - sons of",
"*ʾāḏām*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man/mankind",
"*ʾărûrîm*": "Qal passive participle, masculine plural - cursed",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*gēršûnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - they have driven me out",
"*mēhistappēaḥ*": "Hithpael infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - from attaching myself",
"*naḥălaṯ*": "Noun construct, feminine singular - inheritance of",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - saying",
"*ʿăḇōḏ*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - serve",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "Noun, masculine plural - gods",
"*ʾăḥērîm*": "Adjective, masculine plural - other"
},
"variants": {
"*yišmaʿ*": "let him hear/may he listen",
"*nāʾ*": "please/now/I pray",
"*ʾăḏōnî*": "my lord/my master",
"*meleḵ*": "king/ruler",
"*diḇrê*": "words/speech/matter",
"*ʿaḇdô*": "his servant/his slave",
"*hĕsîṯḵā*": "has incited you/has stirred you up",
"*yāraḥ*": "may he smell/may he accept/may he be appeased by",
"*minḥâ*": "offering/gift/tribute",
"*bәnê*": "sons of/men of",
"*ʾāḏām*": "man/mankind/humanity",
"*ʾărûrîm*": "cursed/under a curse",
"*gēršûnî*": "they have driven me out/they have expelled me",
"*mēhistappēaḥ*": "from attaching myself/from having a share in",
"*naḥălaṯ*": "inheritance/possession/property",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say",
"*ʿăḇōḏ*": "serve/worship",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/deities",
"*ʾăḥērîm*": "other/foreign"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.20",
"source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה אַל־יִפֹּ֤ל דָּֽמִי֙ אַ֔רְצָה מִנֶּ֖גֶד פְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כִּֽי־יָצָ֞א מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לְבַקֵּשׁ֙ אֶת־פַּרְעֹ֣שׁ אֶחָ֔ד כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר יִרְדֹּ֥ף הַקֹּרֵ֖א בֶּהָרִֽים׃",
"text": "And now, *ʾal*-*yippōl* my *dāmî* *ʾarṣâ* from *minnegeḏ* *pәnê* *YHWH*, for *yāṣāʾ* *meleḵ* *yiśrāʾēl* to *lәḇaqqēš* *ʾeṯ*-*parʿōš* *ʾeḥāḏ*, as *yirdōp̄* the *qōrēʾ* in the *hehārîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾal*": "Negative particle for jussive - do not let",
"*yippōl*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let fall",
"*dāmî*": "Noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my blood",
"*ʾarṣâ*": "Noun, feminine singular with directional he - to the ground",
"*minnegeḏ*": "Preposition - from before",
"*pәnê*": "Noun construct, masculine plural - face of",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*yāṣāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - has come out",
"*meleḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Israel",
"*lәḇaqqēš*": "Piel infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - to seek",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*parʿōš*": "Noun, masculine singular - flea",
"*ʾeḥāḏ*": "Numeral, masculine singular - one",
"*yirdōp̄*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - pursues",
"*qōrēʾ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one hunting/partridge",
"*hehārîm*": "Noun, masculine plural with definite article - the mountains"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾal*": "do not let/may not",
"*yippōl*": "let fall/be spilled",
"*dāmî*": "my blood/my lifeblood",
"*ʾarṣâ*": "to the ground/to the earth",
"*minnegeḏ*": "from before/away from",
"*pәnê*": "face of/presence of",
"*yāṣāʾ*": "has come out/has gone out/has marched out",
"*meleḵ*": "king/ruler",
"*lәḇaqqēš*": "to seek/to search for/to hunt",
"*parʿōš*": "flea/insignificant creature",
"*ʾeḥāḏ*": "one/single",
"*yirdōp̄*": "pursues/chases/hunts",
"*qōrēʾ*": "partridge/hunter/one hunting",
"*hehārîm*": "the mountains/the hills"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.21",
"source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ שָׁא֨וּל חָטָ֜אתִי שׁ֣וּב בְּנִֽי־דָוִ֗ד כִּ֠י לֹֽא־אָרַ֤ע לְךָ֙ ע֔וֹד תַּ֠חַת אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָקְרָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֛י בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה הִנֵּ֥ה הִסְכַּ֛לְתִּי וָאֶשְׁגֶּ֖ה הַרְבֵּ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *šāʾûl*: *ḥāṭāʾṯî*. *šûḇ* my son *dāwiḏ*, for not *ʾāraʿ* to you again, *taḥaṯ* *ʾăšer* *yāqrâ* my *nap̄šî* in your *ʿêneḵā* this *hayyôm*. *hinnēh* *hiskalttî* and *wāʾešgeh* *harbēh* *mәʾōḏ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*ḥāṭāʾṯî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I have sinned",
"*šûḇ*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - return",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ʾāraʿ*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will do harm",
"*taḥaṯ*": "Preposition - because",
"*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - that",
"*yāqrâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - was precious",
"*nap̄šî*": "Noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my life/soul",
"*ʿêneḵā*": "Noun dual construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - in your eyes",
"*hayyôm*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day",
"*hinnēh*": "Demonstrative particle - behold",
"*hiskalttî*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - I have acted foolishly",
"*wāʾešgeh*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I have erred",
"*harbēh*": "Verb, Hiphil infinitive absolute functioning as adverb - greatly",
"*mәʾōḏ*": "Adverb - very"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*ḥāṭāʾṯî*": "I have sinned/I have done wrong",
"*šûḇ*": "return/come back",
"*ʾāraʿ*": "I will do harm/I will hurt/I will injure",
"*taḥaṯ*": "because/on account of",
"*yāqrâ*": "was precious/was valuable",
"*nap̄šî*": "my life/my soul/myself",
"*ʿêneḵā*": "in your eyes/in your sight",
"*hayyôm*": "the day/today",
"*hinnēh*": "behold/look",
"*hiskalttî*": "I have acted foolishly/I have been a fool",
"*wāʾešgeh*": "and I have erred/and I have gone astray",
"*harbēh*": "greatly/exceedingly",
"*mәʾōḏ*": "very/extremely"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.22",
"source": "וַיַּ֤עַן דָּוִד֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר הִנֵּ֖ה חֲנִ֣ית הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְיַעֲבֹ֛ר אֶחָ֥ד מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֖ים וְיִקָּחֶֽהָ׃",
"text": "And *wayyaʿan* *dāwiḏ* and *wayyōʾmer*: *hinnēh* *ḥănîṯ* the *meleḵ*. Let *wәyaʿăḇōr* one of the *nәʿārîm* and *wәyiqqāḥehā*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he answered",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*hinnēh*": "Demonstrative particle - behold",
"*ḥănîṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular construct - spear of",
"*meleḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king",
"*wәyaʿăḇōr*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive with waw conjunction - and let him cross over",
"*nәʿārîm*": "Noun, masculine plural with definite article and prefixed preposition - from the young men",
"*wәyiqqāḥehā*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive with 3rd person feminine singular suffix and waw conjunction - and let him take it"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "answered/responded/replied",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*hinnēh*": "behold/look/here is",
"*ḥănîṯ*": "spear/lance",
"*meleḵ*": "king/ruler",
"*wәyaʿăḇōr*": "and let him cross over/and let him come over",
"*nәʿārîm*": "young men/servants/attendants",
"*wәyiqqāḥehā*": "and let him take it/and let him receive it"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.23",
"source": "וַֽיהוָה֙ יָשִׁ֣יב לָאִ֔ישׁ אֶת־צִדְקָת֖וֹ וְאֶת־אֱמֻנָת֑וֹ אֲשֶׁר֩ נְתָנְךָ֨ יְהוָ֤ה ׀ הַיּוֹם֙ בְּיָ֔ד וְלֹ֣א אָבִ֔יתִי לִשְׁלֹ֥חַ יָדִ֖י בִּמְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "And *YHWH* *yāšîḇ* to the *ʾîš* *ʾeṯ*-his *ṣiḏqāṯô* and *ʾeṯ*-his *ʾĕmûnāṯô*, *ʾăšer* *nәṯānḵā* *YHWH* this day in *yāḏ*, and not *ʾāḇîṯî* to *lišlōaḥ* my *yāḏî* against *bimšîaḥ* *YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*yāšîḇ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will repay/return",
"*ʾîš*": "Noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition and definite article - to the man",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*ṣiḏqāṯô*": "Noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his righteousness",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*ʾĕmûnāṯô*": "Noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his faithfulness",
"*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - who",
"*nәṯānḵā*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - gave you",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*yāḏ*": "Noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition - in/into hand",
"*ʾāḇîṯî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I was willing",
"*lišlōaḥ*": "Qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - to stretch out",
"*yāḏî*": "Noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*bimšîaḥ*": "Noun, masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition - against the anointed of",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD"
},
"variants": {
"*yāšîḇ*": "will repay/will return/will restore",
"*ʾîš*": "man/person/each one",
"*ṣiḏqāṯô*": "his righteousness/his justice",
"*ʾĕmûnāṯô*": "his faithfulness/his loyalty/his trustworthiness",
"*nәṯānḵā*": "gave you/delivered you",
"*yāḏ*": "hand/power/control",
"*ʾāḇîṯî*": "I was willing/I consented",
"*lišlōaḥ*": "to stretch out/to extend/to send",
"*yāḏî*": "my hand/my power",
"*bimšîaḥ*": "against the anointed of/against the consecrated one of"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.24",
"source": "וְהִנֵּ֗ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר גָּדְלָ֧ה נַפְשְׁךָ֛ הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּ֖ה בְּעֵינָ֑י כֵּ֣ן תִּגְדַּ֤ל נַפְשִׁי֙ בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וְיַצִּלֵ֖נִי מִכָּל־צָרָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wәhinnēh*, as *gaḏәlâ* your *nap̄šәḵā* this *hayyôm* in my *ʿênāy*, so *tiggdal* my *nap̄šî* in *ʿênê* *YHWH*, and may he *wәyaṣṣilēnî* from all *ṣārâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wәhinnēh*": "Demonstrative particle with waw conjunction - and behold",
"*gaḏәlâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - was great/valued",
"*nap̄šәḵā*": "Noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your life/soul",
"*hayyôm*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day",
"*ʿênāy*": "Noun dual construct with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition - in my eyes",
"*tiggdal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular jussive - may be great/valued",
"*nap̄šî*": "Noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my life/soul",
"*ʿênê*": "Noun dual construct with prefixed preposition - in the eyes of",
"*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*wәyaṣṣilēnî*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive with 1st person singular suffix and waw conjunction - and may he deliver me",
"*ṣārâ*": "Noun, feminine singular - distress/trouble"
},
"variants": {
"*wәhinnēh*": "and behold/and see",
"*gaḏәlâ*": "was great/was valuable/was precious",
"*nap̄šәḵā*": "your life/your soul/yourself",
"*hayyôm*": "the day/today",
"*ʿênāy*": "in my eyes/in my sight",
"*tiggdal*": "may be great/may be valued/may be precious",
"*nap̄šî*": "my life/my soul/myself",
"*ʿênê*": "in the eyes of/in the sight of",
"*wәyaṣṣilēnî*": "and may he deliver me/and may he rescue me/and may he save me",
"*ṣārâ*": "distress/trouble/affliction"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.25",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד בָּר֤וּךְ אַתָּה֙ בְּנִ֣י דָוִ֔ד גַּ֚ם עָשֹׂ֣ה תַעֲשֶׂ֔ה וְגַ֖ם יָכֹ֣ל תּוּכָ֑ל וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ דָּוִד֙ לְדַרְכּ֔וֹ וְשָׁא֖וּל שָׁ֥ב לִמְקוֹמֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *šāʾûl* to *dāwiḏ*: *bārûḵ* you, my son *dāwiḏ*. Also *ʿāśōh* *taʿăśeh*, and also *yāḵōl* *tûḵāl*. And *wayyēleḵ* *dāwiḏ* to his *lәḏarkô*, and *šāʾûl* *šāḇ* to his *limqômô*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*bārûḵ*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - blessed",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ʿāśōh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely doing",
"*taʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will do",
"*yāḵōl*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely prevailing",
"*tûḵāl*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will prevail",
"*wayyēleḵ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he went",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*lәḏarkô*": "Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - to his way",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*šāḇ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - returned",
"*limqômô*": "Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - to his place"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*bārûḵ*": "blessed/favored",
"*ʿāśōh taʿăśeh*": "you will surely do/you will certainly accomplish",
"*yāḵōl tûḵāl*": "you will surely prevail/you will certainly succeed",
"*wayyēleḵ*": "went/departed/proceeded",
"*lәḏarkô*": "to his way/on his journey",
"*šāḇ*": "returned/went back",
"*limqômô*": "to his place/to his home"
}
}