17 {
"verseID": "Psalms.44.17",
"source": "מִ֭קּוֹל מְחָרֵ֣ף וּמְגַדֵּ֑ף מִפְּנֵ֥י א֝וֹיֵ֗ב וּמִתְנַקֵּֽם׃",
"text": "From *miqqôl* *mĕḥārēp* and *ûmĕgaddēp* from face of *mippĕnê* *ʾôyēb* and *ûmitnaqēm*",
"grammar": {
"*miqqôl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from voice of",
"*mĕḥārēp*": "participle, piel, masculine singular - one who reproaches",
"*ûmĕgaddēp*": "conjunction + participle, piel, masculine singular - and one who reviles",
"*mippĕnê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - from face of",
"*ʾôyēb*": "participle, qal active, masculine singular - enemy",
"*ûmitnaqēm*": "conjunction + participle, hithpael, masculine singular - and one who avenges himself"
},
"variants": {
"*mĕḥārēp*": "one who reproaches/insults/taunts",
"*ûmĕgaddēp*": "one who reviles/blasphemes/slanders",
"*ʾôyēb*": "enemy/foe/adversary",
"*ûmitnaqēm*": "one who avenges himself/takes revenge/retaliates"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Psalms.44.18",
"source": "כָּל־זֹ֣את בָּ֭אַתְנוּ וְלֹ֣א שְׁכַחֲנ֑וּךָ וְלֹֽא־שִׁ֝קַּ֗רְנוּ בִּבְרִיתֶֽךָ׃",
"text": "All-*zōʾt* *bāʾatnû* and not *šĕkaḥănûkā* and not-*šiqqarnû* in *bibĕrîtekā*",
"grammar": {
"*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this",
"*bāʾatnû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular + 1st person plural suffix - it has come upon us",
"*šĕkaḥănûkā*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - we have forgotten you",
"*šiqqarnû*": "verb, piel perfect, 1st person plural - we have dealt falsely",
"*bibĕrîtekā*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in your covenant"
},
"variants": {
"*bāʾatnû*": "has come upon us/befallen us",
"*šĕkaḥănûkā*": "forgotten/ignored/neglected",
"*šiqqarnû*": "dealt falsely/been untrue/been faithless"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Psalms.44.19",
"source": "לֹא־נָס֣וֹג אָח֣וֹר לִבֵּ֑נוּ וַתֵּ֥ט אֲ֝שֻׁרֵ֗ינוּ מִנִּ֥י אָרְחֶֽךָ׃",
"text": "Not-*nāsôg* *ʾāḥôr* *libbēnû* *wattēṭ* *ʾăšurênû* from *minnî* *ʾorḥekā*",
"grammar": {
"*nāsôg*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it turned back",
"*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - backward",
"*libbēnû*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix - our heart",
"*wattēṭ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular, waw consecutive - and it turned aside",
"*ʾăšurênû*": "noun, feminine plural + 1st person plural suffix - our steps",
"*minnî*": "preposition - from",
"*ʾorḥekā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your path"
},
"variants": {
"*nāsôg*": "turned back/retreated/withdrawn",
"*wattēṭ*": "turned aside/deviated/strayed",
"*ʾăšurênû*": "our steps/our goings/our footsteps",
"*ʾorḥekā*": "your path/your way/your trail"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Psalms.44.20",
"source": "כִּ֣י דִ֭כִּיתָנוּ בִּמְק֣וֹם תַּנִּ֑ים וַתְּכַ֖ס עָלֵ֣ינוּ בְצַלְמָֽוֶת׃",
"text": "For *dikkîtānû* in *bimqôm* *tannîm* and *wattĕkas* *ʿālênû* in *bĕṣalmāwet*",
"grammar": {
"*dikkîtānû*": "verb, piel perfect, 2nd person masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix - you have crushed us",
"*bimqôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in place of",
"*tannîm*": "noun, masculine plural - jackals",
"*wattĕkas*": "conjunction + verb, piel imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular, waw consecutive - and you covered",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - over us",
"*bĕṣalmāwet*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - with deep darkness"
},
"variants": {
"*dikkîtānû*": "crushed/broken/shattered",
"*tannîm*": "jackals/dragons/sea monsters",
"*wattĕkas*": "covered/concealed/overwhelmed",
"*bĕṣalmāwet*": "deep darkness/shadow of death/thick darkness"
}
}