Jeremiah 14:20

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.14.20", "source": "יָדַ֧עְנוּ יְהוָ֛ה רִשְׁעֵ֖נוּ עֲוֺ֣ן אֲבוֹתֵ֑ינוּ כִּ֥י חָטָ֖אנוּ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*yāḏaʿnû* *YHWH* *rišʿēnû* *ʿăwōn* *ʾăḇôṯênû* for *ḥāṭāʾnû* to-you", "grammar": { "*yāḏaʿnû*": "qal perfect, 1st plural - we know", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*rišʿēnû*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - our wickedness", "*ʿăwōn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾăḇôṯênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our fathers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "qal perfect, 1st plural - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*rišʿēnû*": "our wickedness/evil/guilt", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

יָדַ֧עְנוּ יְהוָ֛ה רִשְׁעֵ֖נוּ עֲוֺ֣ן אֲבוֹתֵ֑ינוּ כִּ֥י חָטָ֖אנוּ לָֽךְ׃

Transliteration

yāḏaʿnû YHWH rišʿēnû ʿăwōn ʾăḇôṯênû for ḥāṭāʾnû to-you

Grammar Details

• *yāḏaʿnû*: qal perfect, 1st plural - we know
• *YHWH*: proper noun - divine name
• *rišʿēnû*: noun, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - our wickedness
• *ʿăwōn*: noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of
• *ʾăḇôṯênû*: noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our fathers
• *ḥāṭāʾnû*: qal perfect, 1st plural - we have sinned

Word Meanings

• *rišʿēnû*: our wickedness/evil/guilt
• *ʿăwōn*: iniquity/guilt/punishment

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  We acknowledge, LORD, our wickedness and the guilt of our ancestors; indeed, we have sinned against You.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  We acknowledge, O LORD, our wickedness, and the iniquity of our fathers: for we have sinned against thee.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  We acknowledge, O LORD, our wickedness and the iniquity of our fathers; for we have sinned against You.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  We acknowledge, O LORD, our wickedness, and the iniquity of our fathers: for we have sinned against thee.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  We acknowledge, O Jehovah, our wickedness, and the iniquity of our fathers; for we have sinned against thee.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  We acknowledge, O LORD, our wickedness, and the iniquity of our fathers: for we have sinned against thee.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  We knowlege (o LORDE) all oure my?dedes, and the synnes of oure fathers, that we haue offended ye.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  We acknowledge, O Lord, our wickednesse and the iniquitie of our fathers: for we haue sinned against thee.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  We knowledge (O Lorde) all our misdeedes, and the sinnes of our fathers: for we haue offended thee.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  We acknowledge, O LORD, our wickedness, [and] the iniquity of our fathers: for we have sinned against thee.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  We acknowledge, Yahweh, our wickedness, and the iniquity of our fathers; for we have sinned against you.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  We have known, O Jehovah, our wickedness, The iniquity of our fathers, For we have sinned against Thee.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  We acknowledge, O Jehovah, our wickedness, and the iniquity of our fathers; for we have sinned against thee.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  We acknowledge, O Jehovah, our wickedness, and the iniquity of our fathers; for we have sinned against thee.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  We are conscious, O Lord, of our sin and of the wrongdoing of our fathers: we have done evil against you.

• World English Bible (2000)

  We acknowledge, Yahweh, our wickedness, and the iniquity of our fathers; for we have sinned against you.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  LORD, we confess that we have been wicked. We confess that our ancestors have done wrong. We have indeed sinned against you.

Referenced Verses

• Ps 32:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.32.5", "source": "חַטָּאתִ֨י אוֹדִ֪יעֲךָ֡ וַעֲוֺ֘נִ֤י לֹֽא־כִסִּ֗יתִי אָמַ֗רְתִּי אוֹדֶ֤ה עֲלֵ֣י פְ֭שָׁעַי לַיהוָ֑ה וְאַתָּ֨ה נָ֘שָׂ֤אתָ עֲוֺ֖ן חַטָּאתִ֣י סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*ḥaṭṭāʾtî* *ʾôḏîʿăḵā* *waʿăwōnî* *lōʾ*-*ḵissîtî* *ʾāmartî* *ʾôḏeh* *ʿălê* *pəšāʿay* *laYHWH* *wəʾattâ* *nāśāʾtā* *ʿăwōn* *ḥaṭṭāʾtî* *selâ*.", "grammar": { "*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my sin", "*ʾôḏîʿăḵā*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I will make known to you", "*waʿăwōnî*": "conjunction *wə-* + masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - and my iniquity", "*lōʾ*-*ḵissîtî*": "negative particle + piel perfect 1st person singular - I did not cover", "*ʾāmartî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I said", "*ʾôḏeh*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will confess", "*ʿălê*": "preposition *ʿal* with construct form - concerning", "*pəšāʿay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my transgressions", "*laYHWH*": "preposition *lə-* + divine name - to YHWH", "*wəʾattâ*": "conjunction *wə-* + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - and you", "*nāśāʾtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you lifted/forgave", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my sin", "*selâ*": "musical notation/pause" }, "variants": { "*ʾôḏîʿăḵā*": "I will make known to you/I will acknowledge to you", "*ḵissîtî*": "I covered/I concealed/I hid", "*ʾôḏeh*": "I will confess/I will acknowledge/I will praise", "*nāśāʾtā*": "you lifted/you forgave/you carried away", "*ʿăwōn* *ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "the iniquity of my sin/the guilt of my sin" } }
• Neh 9:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.2", "source": "וַיִּבָּֽדְלוּ֙ זֶ֣רַע יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מִכֹּ֖ל בְּנֵ֣י נֵכָ֑ר וַיַּעַמְד֗וּ וַיִּתְוַדּוּ֙ עַל־חַטֹּ֣אתֵיהֶ֔ם וַעֲוֺנ֖וֹת אֲבֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyibbādəlû* *zeraʿ* *Yiśrāʾēl* from all *bənê* *nēkār*, and *wayyaʿamdû* and *wayyitwaddû* upon-*ḥaṭṭōʾtêhem* and *ʿăwōnôt* *ʾăḇōtêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wayyibbādəlû*": "niphal imperfect consecutive 3rd person plural - and they separated themselves", "*zeraʿ*": "masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*nēkār*": "masculine singular - foreign/strange", "*wayyaʿamdû*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person plural - and they stood", "*wayyitwaddû*": "hitpael imperfect consecutive 3rd person plural - and they confessed", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtêhem*": "feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sins", "*ʿăwōnôt*": "masculine plural construct - iniquities of", "*ʾăḇōtêhem*": "masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers" }, "variants": { "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*nēkār*": "foreign/strange/alien", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtêhem*": "their sins/offenses/failures", "*ʿăwōnôt*": "iniquities/guilt/wrongdoing", "*ʾăḇōtêhem*": "their fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } }
• Lev 26:40-42 : 40 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.40", "source": "וְהִתְוַדּ֤וּ אֶת־עֲוֺנָם֙ וְאֶת־עֲוֺ֣ן אֲבֹתָ֔ם בְּמַעֲלָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָֽעֲלוּ־בִ֑י וְאַ֕ף אֲשֶׁר־הֽ͏ָלְכ֥וּ עִמִּ֖י בְּקֶֽרִי׃", "text": "*wə-hitwaddû* *ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām* *wə-ʾet*-*ʿăwōn* *ʾăbōtām* *bəmaʿălām* *ʾăšer* *māʿălû*-*bî* *wə-ʾap* *ʾăšer*-*hālḵû* *ʿimmî* *bəqerî*", "grammar": { "*wə-hitwaddû*": "conjunction + Hithpael perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they shall confess", "*ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity", "*wə-ʾet*-*ʿăwōn*": "conjunction + direct object marker + masculine singular construct - and iniquity of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*bəmaʿălām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their unfaithfulness", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*māʿălû*-*bî*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - they have committed against me", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also", "*ʾăšer*-*hālḵû*": "relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - which they walked/went", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*bəqerî*": "preposition + masculine noun - in hostility/contrary" }, "variants": { "*hitwaddû*": "confess/acknowledge", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*maʿal*": "unfaithfulness/treachery/trespass", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition/stubbornness" } } 41 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.41", "source": "אַף־אֲנִ֗י אֵלֵ֤ךְ עִמָּם֙ בְּקֶ֔רִי וְהֵבֵאתִ֣י אֹתָ֔ם בְּאֶ֖רֶץ אֹיְבֵיהֶ֑ם אוֹ־אָ֣ז יִכָּנַ֗ע לְבָבָם֙ הֶֽעָרֵ֔ל וְאָ֖ז יִרְצ֥וּ אֶת־עֲוֺנָֽם׃", "text": "*ʾap*-*ʾănî* *ʾēlēḵ* *ʿimmām* *bəqerî* *wə-hēbēʾtî* *ʾōtām* *bəʾereṣ* *ʾōyəbêhem* *ʾô*-*ʾāz* *yikkānaʿ* *ləbābām* *heʿārēl* *wə-ʾāz* *yirṣû* *ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*", "grammar": { "*ʾap*-*ʾănî*": "conjunction/adverb + 1st person singular independent pronoun - I also", "*ʾēlēḵ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will walk/go", "*ʿimmām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*bəqerî*": "preposition + masculine noun - in hostility/contrary", "*wə-hēbēʾtî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will bring", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*bəʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in land of", "*ʾōyəbêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*ʾô*-*ʾāz*": "conjunction + adverb - or then/perhaps then", "*yikkānaʿ*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will be humbled", "*ləbābām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*heʿārēl*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular - the uncircumcised", "*wə-ʾāz*": "conjunction + adverb - and then", "*yirṣû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will accept/be satisfied", "*ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity" }, "variants": { "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition/stubbornness", "*yikkānaʿ*": "be humbled/be subdued/be brought low", "*ʿārēl*": "uncircumcised/impure/obstinate", "*yirṣû*": "accept/be satisfied/pay for/make amends" } } 42 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.42", "source": "וְזָכַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֣י יַעֲק֑וֹב וְאַף֩ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֨י יִצְחָ֜ק וְאַ֨ף אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֧י אַבְרָהָ֛ם אֶזְכֹּ֖ר וְהָאָ֥רֶץ אֶזְכֹּֽר׃", "text": "*wə-zāḵartî* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *yaʿăqôb* *wə-ʾap* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *yiṣḥāq* *wə-ʾap* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *ʾabrāhām* *ʾezkōr* *wə-hāʾāreṣ* *ʾezkōr*", "grammar": { "*wə-zāḵartî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will remember", "*ʾet*-*bərîtî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*yaʿăqôb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also", "*ʾet*-*bərîtî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also", "*ʾet*-*bərîtî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾabrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*ʾezkōr*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will remember", "*wə-hāʾāreṣ*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the land", "*ʾezkōr*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will remember" }, "variants": { "*zāḵartî*": "remember/recall/be mindful of", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty" } }
• Jer 3:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.25", "source": "נִשְׁכְּבָ֣ה בְּבָשְׁתֵּ֗נוּ וּֽתְכַסֵּנוּ֮ כְּלִמָּתֵנוּ֒ כִּי֩ לַיהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֵ֜ינוּ חָטָ֗אנוּ אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ וַאֲבוֹתֵ֔ינוּ מִנְּעוּרֵ֖ינוּ וְעַד־הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וְלֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔עְנוּ בְּק֖וֹל יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ ס", "text": "*niškᵉḇâ* in-*bāšᵉtēnû*, and-*tᵉḵassēnû* *kᵉlimmātēnû*; for against-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *ḥāṭāʾnû*, we and-*ʾăḇôtênû*, from-*nᵉʿûrênû* and-until-the-*yôm* the-this, and-not *šāmaʿnû* to-*qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû*.", "grammar": { "*niškᵉḇâ*": "Qal cohortative 1st person plural - 'let us lie down'", "*bāšᵉtēnû*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our shame'", "*tᵉḵassēnû*": "Piel imperfect 3rd feminine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'it covers us'", "*kᵉlimmātēnû*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our disgrace'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "Qal perfect 1st person plural - 'we have sinned'", "*ʾăḇôtênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our fathers'", "*nᵉʿûrênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our youth'", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the day'", "*šāmaʿnû*": "Qal perfect 1st person plural - 'we have listened/obeyed'", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'voice of'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'" }, "variants": { "*niškᵉḇâ*": "let us lie down/recline", "*bāšᵉtēnû*": "our shame/disgrace/humiliation", "*tᵉḵassēnû*": "it covers us/envelops us", "*kᵉlimmātēnû*": "our disgrace/reproach/dishonor", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "our God", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/done wrong", "*ʾăḇôtênû*": "our fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*nᵉʿûrênû*": "our youth/young age", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*šāmaʿnû*": "we have listened/obeyed/heeded", "*qôl*": "voice/sound" } }
• Dan 9:5-8 : 5 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.5", "source": "חָטָ֥אנוּ וְעָוִ֖ינוּ *והרשענו **הִרְשַׁ֣עְנוּ וּמָרָ֑דְנוּ וְס֥וֹר מִמִּצְוֺתֶ֖ךָ וּמִמִּשְׁפָּטֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*ḥāṭāʾnû* and *ʿāwînû* and *hiršaʿnû* and *mārāḏnû* and *sôr* from *miṣwōṯeḵā* and from *mišpāṭeḵā*.", "grammar": { "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned", "*ʿāwînû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have committed iniquity", "*hiršaʿnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, hiphil - we have done wickedly", "*mārāḏnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have rebelled", "*sôr*": "infinitive absolute, qal - turning away", "*miṣwōṯeḵā*": "noun, feminine, plural with 2ms suffix - your commandments", "*mišpāṭeḵā*": "noun, masculine, plural with 2ms suffix - your judgments/ordinances" }, "variants": { "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/missed the mark/failed", "*ʿāwînû*": "we have committed iniquity/twisted/perverted", "*hiršaʿnû*": "we have acted wickedly/done wrong/been guilty", "*mārāḏnû*": "we have rebelled/been disobedient/revolted", "*sôr*": "turning away/departing/deviating", "*mišpāṭeḵā*": "your judgments/ordinances/laws" } } 6 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.6", "source": "וְלֹ֤א שָׁמַ֙עְנוּ֙ אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֣יךָ הַנְּבִיאִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר דִּבְּרוּ֙ בְּשִׁמְךָ֔ אֶל־מְלָכֵ֥ינוּ שָׂרֵ֖ינוּ וַאֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ וְאֶ֖ל כָּל־עַ֥ם הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And not *šāmaʿnû* to *ʿăḇāḏeḵā* the *nəḇîʾîm* who *dibbərû* in *šimḵā* to *məlāḵênû* *śārênû* and *ʾăḇōṯênû* and to all-*ʿam* the *ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have listened", "*ʿăḇāḏeḵā*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 2ms suffix - your servants", "*nəḇîʾîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the prophets", "*dibbərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, piel - they spoke", "*šimḵā*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2ms suffix - your name", "*məlāḵênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st plural suffix - our kings", "*śārênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st plural suffix - our princes/officials", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st plural suffix - our fathers", "*ʿam*": "construct state, masculine, singular - people of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the land" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "we have listened/heard/obeyed", "*ʿăḇāḏeḵā*": "your servants/slaves", "*dibbərû*": "they spoke/declared/proclaimed", "*śārênû*": "our princes/officials/rulers", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/folk" } } 7 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.7", "source": "לְךָ֤ אֲדֹנָי֙ הַצְּדָקָ֔ה וְלָ֛נוּ בֹּ֥שֶׁת הַפָּנִ֖ים כַּיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה לְאִ֤ישׁ יְהוּדָה֙ וּלְיוֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וּֽלְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֞ל הַקְּרֹבִ֣ים וְהָרְחֹקִ֗ים בְּכָל־הָֽאֲרָצוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִדַּחְתָּ֣ם שָׁ֔ם בְּמַעֲלָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָֽעֲלוּ־בָֽךְ׃", "text": "To you *ʾăḏōnāy* the *ṣəḏāqāh*, and to us *bōšeṯ* the *pānîm* as the *yôm* the *zeh*, to *ʾîš* *yəhûḏāh* and to *yôšḇê* *yərûšālayim* and to all-*yiśrāʾêl* the *qərōḇîm* and the *rəḥōqîm* in all-the *ʾărāṣôṯ* which *hiddaḥtām* there in *maʿălām* which *māʿălû*-in you.", "grammar": { "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*ṣəḏāqāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the righteousness", "*bōšeṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular - shame", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the face", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine, singular - this", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - men of", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*yôšḇê*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct - inhabitants of", "*yərûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*qərōḇîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural with definite article - the near ones", "*rəḥōqîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural with definite article - the far ones", "*ʾărāṣôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural with definite article - the lands", "*hiddaḥtām*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular, hiphil with 3mp suffix - you have driven them", "*maʿălām*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3mpl suffix - their unfaithfulness", "*māʿălû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they committed/acted unfaithfully" }, "variants": { "*ṣəḏāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*bōšeṯ*": "shame/humiliation/disgrace", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/countenance", "*qərōḇîm*": "near ones/those who are near", "*rəḥōqîm*": "far ones/those who are far", "*hiddaḥtām*": "you have driven/scattered/banished them", "*maʿălām*": "their unfaithfulness/treachery/rebellion" } } 8 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.8", "source": "יְהוָ֗ה לָ֚נוּ בֹּ֣שֶׁת הַפָּנִ֔ים לִמְלָכֵ֥ינוּ לְשָׂרֵ֖ינוּ וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָ֖אנוּ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*YHWH*, to us *bōšeṯ* the *pānîm*, to *məlāḵênû*, to *śārênû*, and to *ʾăḇōṯênû* who *ḥāṭāʾnû* to you.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*bōšeṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular - shame", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the face", "*məlāḵênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our kings", "*śārênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our princes/officials", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our fathers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*bōšeṯ*": "shame/humiliation/disgrace", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/countenance", "*śārênû*": "our princes/officials/rulers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/missed the mark/failed" } }
• Ps 106:6-9 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.6", "source": "חָטָ֥אנוּ עִם־אֲבוֹתֵ֗ינוּ הֶעֱוִ֥ינוּ הִרְשָֽׁעְנוּ׃", "text": "*ḥāṭā'nū* with-*'ăbōtênū* *he'ĕwînū* *hiršā'nū*", "grammar": { "*ḥāṭā'nū*": "qal perfect, 1st person plural - we have sinned", "*'ăbōtênū*": "noun + 1st person plural suffix, masculine, plural - our fathers", "*he'ĕwînū*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person plural - we have committed iniquity", "*hiršā'nū*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person plural - we have done wickedly" }, "variants": { "*ḥāṭā'nū*": "we have sinned/missed the mark/failed", "*'ăbōtênū*": "our fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*he'ĕwînū*": "we have committed iniquity/done wrong/perversely acted", "*hiršā'nū*": "we have done wickedly/been guilty/acted wickedly" } } 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.7", "source": "אֲב֘וֹתֵ֤ינוּ בְמִצְרַ֨יִם ׀ לֹא־הִשְׂכִּ֬ילוּ נִפְלְאוֹתֶ֗יךָ לֹ֣א זָ֭כְרוּ אֶת־רֹ֣ב חֲסָדֶ֑יךָ וַיַּמְר֖וּ עַל־יָ֣ם בְּיַם־סֽוּף׃", "text": "*'ăbōtênū* in-*miṣrayim* not-*hiśkîlū* *niflə'ōteykā* not *zākrū* *'et*-abundance-of-*ḥăsādeykā* *wayyamrū* at-*yām* in-*yam-sūf*", "grammar": { "*'ăbōtênū*": "noun + 1st person plural suffix, masculine, plural - our fathers", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*hiśkîlū*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they understood/considered", "*niflə'ōteykā*": "noun + 2nd person suffix, feminine, plural - your wonders", "*zākrū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they remembered", "*ḥăsādeykā*": "noun + 2nd person suffix, masculine, plural - your lovingkindnesses", "*wayyamrū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they rebelled", "*yām*": "noun, masculine, singular - sea", "*yam-sūf*": "proper noun - Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" }, "variants": { "*'ăbōtênū*": "our fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*miṣrayim*": "Egypt/Mitzrayim", "*hiśkîlū*": "understood/considered/comprehended/paid attention to", "*niflə'ōteykā*": "your wonders/marvels/miracles", "*zākrū*": "remembered/recalled/were mindful of", "*ḥăsādeykā*": "your lovingkindnesses/mercies/covenant faithfulness", "*wayyamrū*": "and they rebelled/were rebellious/disobeyed", "*yam-sūf*": "Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" } } 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.8", "source": "וַֽ֭יּוֹשִׁיעֵם לְמַ֣עַן שְׁמ֑וֹ לְ֝הוֹדִ֗יעַ אֶת־גְּבוּרָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wayyōšî'ēm* for-sake-of *šəmō* to-*ləhōdîa'* *'et*-*gəbūrātō*", "grammar": { "*wayyōšî'ēm*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive + 3rd person plural suffix - and he saved them", "*šəmō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, singular - his name", "*ləhōdîa'*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to make known", "*gəbūrātō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his might" }, "variants": { "*wayyōšî'ēm*": "and he saved them/delivered them/helped them", "*šəmō*": "his name/reputation/character", "*ləhōdîa'*": "to make known/declare/inform", "*gəbūrātō*": "his might/power/strength" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.9", "source": "וַיִּגְעַ֣ר בְּיַם־ס֭וּף וֽ͏ַיֶּחֱרָ֑ב וַיּוֹלִיכֵ֥ם בַּ֝תְּהֹמ֗וֹת כַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃", "text": "*wayyig'ar* at-*yam-sūf* *wayyeḥĕrāb* *wayyōlîkēm* in-*təhōmōt* like-*midbar*", "grammar": { "*wayyig'ar*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he rebuked", "*yam-sūf*": "proper noun - Red Sea/Sea of Reeds", "*wayyeḥĕrāb*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it dried up", "*wayyōlîkēm*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person plural suffix - and he led them", "*təhōmōt*": "noun, feminine, plural - depths/deeps", "*midbar*": "noun, masculine, singular - wilderness/desert" }, "variants": { "*wayyig'ar*": "and he rebuked/reproved/scolded", "*yam-sūf*": "Red Sea/Sea of Reeds", "*wayyeḥĕrāb*": "and it dried up/was parched/became dry", "*wayyōlîkēm*": "and he led them/guided them/caused them to walk", "*təhōmōt*": "depths/deep places/abysses", "*midbar*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.10", "source": "וַֽ֭יּוֹשִׁיעֵם מִיַּ֣ד שׂוֹנֵ֑א וַ֝יִּגְאָלֵ֗ם מִיַּ֥ד אוֹיֵֽב׃", "text": "*wayyōšî'ēm* from-hand-of *śōnē'* *wayyig'ālēm* from-hand-of *'ōyēb*", "grammar": { "*wayyōšî'ēm*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person plural suffix - and he saved them", "*śōnē'*": "qal participle, masculine, singular - hater/one who hates", "*wayyig'ālēm*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person plural suffix - and he redeemed them", "*'ōyēb*": "qal participle, masculine, singular - enemy/one who is hostile" }, "variants": { "*wayyōšî'ēm*": "and he saved them/delivered them/rescued them", "*śōnē'*": "hater/one who hates/adversary", "*wayyig'ālēm*": "and he redeemed them/ransomed them/reclaimed them", "*'ōyēb*": "enemy/foe/adversary" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.11", "source": "וַיְכַסּוּ־מַ֥יִם צָרֵיהֶ֑ם אֶחָ֥ד מֵ֝הֶ֗ם לֹ֣א נוֹתָֽר׃", "text": "*wayəkassū*-*mayim* *ṣārêhem* one from-them not *nōtār*", "grammar": { "*wayəkassū*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they covered", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine, plural - waters", "*ṣārêhem*": "qal participle + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their adversaries", "*nōtār*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was left/remained" }, "variants": { "*wayəkassū*": "and they covered/overwhelmed/concealed", "*mayim*": "waters/water", "*ṣārêhem*": "their adversaries/enemies/foes", "*nōtār*": "was left/remained/survived" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.12", "source": "וַיַּאֲמִ֥ינוּ בִדְבָרָ֑יו יָ֝שִׁ֗ירוּ תְּהִלָּתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wayya'ămînū* in-*dəbārāyw* *yāšîrū* *təhillātō*", "grammar": { "*wayya'ămînū*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they believed", "*dəbārāyw*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, plural - his words", "*yāšîrū*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they sang", "*təhillātō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his praise" }, "variants": { "*wayya'ămînū*": "and they believed/trusted/had faith in", "*dəbārāyw*": "his words/sayings/commands", "*yāšîrū*": "they sang/chanted", "*təhillātō*": "his praise/glory/commendation" } } 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.13", "source": "מִֽ֭הֲרוּ שָׁכְח֣וּ מַעֲשָׂ֑יו לֹֽא־חִ֝כּ֗וּ לַעֲצָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*mihărū* *šākəḥū* *ma'ăśāyw* not-*ḥikkū* for-*'ăṣātō*", "grammar": { "*mihărū*": "piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they hastened/hurried", "*šākəḥū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they forgot", "*ma'ăśāyw*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, plural - his works", "*ḥikkū*": "piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they waited", "*'ăṣātō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his counsel" }, "variants": { "*mihărū*": "they hastened/hurried/were quick", "*šākəḥū*": "they forgot/neglected/ignored", "*ma'ăśāyw*": "his works/deeds/actions", "*ḥikkū*": "they waited/waited patiently/tarried", "*'ăṣātō*": "his counsel/advice/plan" } } 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.14", "source": "וַיִּתְאַוּ֣וּ תַ֭אֲוָה בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַיְנַסּוּ־אֵ֝֗ל בִּֽישִׁימֽוֹן׃", "text": "*wayyit'awwū* *ta'ăwāh* in-*midbar* *wayənassū*-*'ēl* in-*yəšîmōn*", "grammar": { "*wayyit'awwū*": "hithpael imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they lusted", "*ta'ăwāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - desire/craving", "*midbar*": "noun, masculine, singular - wilderness", "*wayənassū*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they tested", "*'ēl*": "noun, masculine, singular - God", "*yəšîmōn*": "noun, masculine, singular - desert/wilderness" }, "variants": { "*wayyit'awwū*": "and they lusted/craved/desired intensely", "*ta'ăwāh*": "lust/craving/desire/longing", "*midbar*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*wayənassū*": "and they tested/tried/put to the test", "*'ēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*yəšîmōn*": "desert/wilderness/wasteland" } } 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.15", "source": "וַיִּתֵּ֣ן לָ֭הֶם שֶׁאֱלָתָ֑ם וַיְשַׁלַּ֖ח רָז֣וֹן בְּנַפְשָֽׁם׃", "text": "*wayyittēn* to-them *še'ĕlātām* *wayəšallaḥ* *rāzōn* in-*nafšām*", "grammar": { "*wayyittēn*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he gave", "*še'ĕlātām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, singular - their request", "*wayəšallaḥ*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he sent", "*rāzōn*": "noun, masculine, singular - leanness/wasting disease", "*nafšām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, singular - their soul" }, "variants": { "*wayyittēn*": "and he gave/granted/delivered", "*še'ĕlātām*": "their request/petition/desire", "*wayəšallaḥ*": "and he sent/dispatched/let loose", "*rāzōn*": "leanness/wasting disease/emaciation", "*nafšām*": "their soul/life/self/being" } } 16 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.16", "source": "וַיְקַנְא֣וּ לְ֭מֹשֶׁה בַּֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה לְ֝אַהֲרֹ֗ן קְד֣וֹשׁ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wayəqan'ū* to-*Mōšeh* in-*maḥăneh* to-*'Ahărōn* *qədōš* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wayəqan'ū*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they were envious", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*maḥăneh*": "noun, masculine, singular - camp", "*'Ahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron", "*qədōš*": "adjective, masculine, singular construct - holy one of", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*wayəqan'ū*": "and they were envious/jealous/envied", "*Mōšeh*": "Moses", "*maḥăneh*": "camp/encampment", "*'Ahărōn*": "Aaron", "*qədōš*": "holy one/saint/consecrated one" } } 17 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.17", "source": "תִּפְתַּח־אֶ֭רֶץ וַתִּבְלַ֣ע דָּתָ֑ן וַ֝תְּכַ֗ס עַל־עֲדַ֥ת אֲבִירָֽם׃", "text": "*tiftaḥ*-*'ereṣ* *wattiblā'* *Dātān* *wattəkas* over-*'ădat* *'Ăbîrām*", "grammar": { "*tiftaḥ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - opened", "*'ereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*wattiblā'*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it swallowed", "*Dātān*": "proper noun - Dathan", "*wattəkas*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it covered", "*'ădat*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - company of", "*'Ăbîrām*": "proper noun - Abiram" }, "variants": { "*tiftaḥ*": "opened/parted/spread wide", "*'ereṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*wattiblā'*": "and it swallowed/engulfed/consumed", "*wattəkas*": "and it covered/concealed/enveloped", "*'ădat*": "company/congregation/assembly of" } } 18 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.18", "source": "וַתִּבְעַר־אֵ֥שׁ בַּעֲדָתָ֑ם לֶ֝הָבָ֗ה תְּלַהֵ֥ט רְשָׁעִֽים׃", "text": "*wattib'ar*-*'ēš* in-*'ădātām* *lehābāh* *təlahēṭ* *rəšā'îm*", "grammar": { "*wattib'ar*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it burned", "*'ēš*": "noun, feminine, singular - fire", "*'ădātām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, singular - their company", "*lehābāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - flame", "*təlahēṭ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - consumed", "*rəšā'îm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - wicked ones" }, "variants": { "*wattib'ar*": "and it burned/kindled/ignited", "*'ēš*": "fire/flame", "*'ădātām*": "their company/congregation/assembly", "*lehābāh*": "flame/blaze", "*təlahēṭ*": "consumed/devoured/scorched", "*rəšā'îm*": "wicked ones/evil-doers/guilty ones" } } 19 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.19", "source": "יַעֲשׂוּ־עֵ֥גֶל בְּחֹרֵ֑ב וַ֝יִּשְׁתַּחֲו֗וּ לְמַסֵּכָֽה׃", "text": "*ya'ăśū*-*'ēgel* in-*Ḥōrēb* *wayyištaḥăwū* to-*massēkāh*", "grammar": { "*ya'ăśū*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they made", "*'ēgel*": "noun, masculine, singular - calf", "*Ḥōrēb*": "proper noun - Horeb", "*wayyištaḥăwū*": "hishtaphel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they bowed down", "*massēkāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - molten image" }, "variants": { "*ya'ăśū*": "they made/fashioned/created", "*'ēgel*": "calf/young bull", "*wayyištaḥăwū*": "and they bowed down/prostrated themselves/worshiped", "*massēkāh*": "molten image/cast idol/metal statue" } } 20 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.20", "source": "וַיָּמִ֥ירוּ אֶת־כְּבוֹדָ֑ם בְּתַבְנִ֥ית שׁ֝֗וֹר אֹכֵ֥ל עֵֽשֶׂב׃", "text": "*wayyāmîrū* *'et*-*kəbōdām* in-*tabnît* *šōr* *'ōkēl* *'ēśeb*", "grammar": { "*wayyāmîrū*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they exchanged", "*kəbōdām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, singular - their glory", "*tabnît*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - likeness of", "*šōr*": "noun, masculine, singular - ox/bull", "*'ōkēl*": "qal participle, masculine, singular - eating/consumer of", "*'ēśeb*": "noun, masculine, singular - grass/vegetation" }, "variants": { "*wayyāmîrū*": "and they exchanged/substituted/changed", "*kəbōdām*": "their glory/honor/majesty", "*tabnît*": "likeness/form/pattern/image", "*šōr*": "ox/bull/bovine", "*'ōkēl*": "eating/feeding/consuming", "*'ēśeb*": "grass/vegetation/herbs" } } 21 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.21", "source": "שָׁ֭כְחוּ אֵ֣ל מוֹשִׁיעָ֑ם עֹשֶׂ֖ה גְדֹל֣וֹת בְּמִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "*šākəḥū* *'ēl* *mōšî'ām* *'ōśeh* *gədōlōt* in-*miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*šākəḥū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they forgot", "*'ēl*": "noun, masculine, singular - God", "*mōšî'ām*": "hiphil participle + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, singular - their savior", "*'ōśeh*": "qal participle, masculine, singular construct - doer of", "*gədōlōt*": "adjective, feminine, plural - great things", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*šākəḥū*": "they forgot/neglected/ignored", "*'ēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*mōšî'ām*": "their savior/deliverer/rescuer", "*'ōśeh*": "doer/maker/performer", "*gədōlōt*": "great things/mighty deeds/wonders", "*miṣrāyim*": "Egypt/Mitzrayim" } } 22 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.22", "source": "נִ֭פְלָאוֹת בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חָ֑ם נ֝וֹרָא֗וֹת עַל־יַם־סֽוּף׃", "text": "*niflā'ōt* in-*'ereṣ* *Ḥām* *nōrā'ōt* at-*yam-sūf*", "grammar": { "*niflā'ōt*": "niphal participle, feminine, plural - wonders", "*'ereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - land of", "*Ḥām*": "proper noun - Ham", "*nōrā'ōt*": "niphal participle, feminine, plural - fearful/awesome things", "*yam-sūf*": "proper noun - Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" }, "variants": { "*niflā'ōt*": "wonders/marvelous works/miracles", "*'ereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*nōrā'ōt*": "fearful things/awesome deeds/terrifying acts", "*yam-sūf*": "Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" } } 23 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.23", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר לְֽהַשְׁמִ֫ידָ֥ם לוּלֵ֡י מֹ֘שֶׁ֤ה בְחִיר֗וֹ עָמַ֣ד בַּפֶּ֣רֶץ לְפָנָ֑יו לְהָשִׁ֥יב חֲ֝מָת֗וֹ מֵֽהַשְׁחִֽית׃", "text": "*wayyō'mer* to-*ləhašmîdām* unless *Mōšeh* *bəḥîrō* *'āmad* in-*pereṣ* before-him to-*ləhāšîb* *ḥămātō* from-*hašḥît*", "grammar": { "*wayyō'mer*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ləhašmîdām*": "hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person plural suffix - to destroy them", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*bəḥîrō*": "adjective + 3rd person suffix, masculine, singular - his chosen one", "*'āmad*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - stood", "*pereṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - breach/gap", "*ləhāšîb*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to turn away", "*ḥămātō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his wrath", "*hašḥît*": "hiphil infinitive construct - destroying" }, "variants": { "*wayyō'mer*": "and he said/declared/spoke", "*ləhašmîdām*": "to destroy them/annihilate them/exterminate them", "*bəḥîrō*": "his chosen one/elect/selected one", "*'āmad*": "stood/positioned himself/took a stand", "*pereṣ*": "breach/gap/broken area", "*ləhāšîb*": "to turn away/return/bring back", "*ḥămātō*": "his wrath/fury/anger", "*hašḥît*": "destroying/ruining/corrupting" } } 24 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.24", "source": "וַֽ֭יִּמְאֲסוּ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חֶמְדָּ֑ה לֹֽא־הֶ֝אֱמִ֗ינוּ לִדְבָרֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wayyim'ăsū* in-*'ereṣ* *ḥemdāh* not-*he'ĕmînū* to-*dəbārō*", "grammar": { "*wayyim'ăsū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they despised", "*'ereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - land of", "*ḥemdāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - desirability/pleasant", "*he'ĕmînū*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they believed", "*dəbārō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, singular - his word" }, "variants": { "*wayyim'ăsū*": "and they despised/rejected/spurned", "*'ereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*ḥemdāh*": "desirable/pleasant/delightful", "*he'ĕmînū*": "they believed/trusted/had faith in", "*dəbārō*": "his word/promise/command" } } 25 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.25", "source": "וַיֵּרָגְנ֥וּ בְאָהֳלֵיהֶ֑ם לֹ֥א שָׁ֝מְע֗וּ בְּק֣וֹל יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wayyērāgənū* in-*'ohŏlêhem* not *šāmə'ū* in-*qōl* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wayyērāgənū*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they grumbled", "*'ohŏlêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their tents", "*šāmə'ū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they listened", "*qōl*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - voice of", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*wayyērāgənū*": "and they grumbled/complained/murmured", "*'ohŏlêhem*": "their tents/dwellings/tabernacles", "*šāmə'ū*": "they listened/heard/obeyed", "*qōl*": "voice/sound/noise" } } 26 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.26", "source": "וַיִשָּׂ֣א יָד֣וֹ לָהֶ֑ם לְהַפִּ֥יל א֝וֹתָ֗ם בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃", "text": "*wayyiśśā'* *yādō* to-them to-*ləhappîl* them in-*midbar*", "grammar": { "*wayyiśśā'*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he lifted up", "*yādō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his hand", "*ləhappîl*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to make fall", "*midbar*": "noun, masculine, singular - wilderness" }, "variants": { "*wayyiśśā'*": "and he lifted up/raised/swore (by raising hand)", "*yādō*": "his hand/power/strength", "*ləhappîl*": "to make fall/cause to fall/overthrow", "*midbar*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land" } } 27 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.27", "source": "וּלְהַפִּ֣יל זַ֭רְעָם בַּגּוֹיִ֑ם וּ֝לְזָרוֹתָ֗ם בָּאֲרָצֽוֹת׃", "text": "and-to-*ləhappîl* *zar'ām* among-*gōyim* and-to-*zārōtām* in-*'ărāṣōt*", "grammar": { "*ləhappîl*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to make fall", "*zar'ām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, singular - their seed/offspring", "*gōyim*": "noun, masculine, plural - nations", "*zārōtām*": "piel infinitive construct + 3rd person plural suffix - to scatter them", "*'ărāṣōt*": "noun, feminine, plural - lands" }, "variants": { "*ləhappîl*": "to make fall/cause to fall/overthrow", "*zar'ām*": "their seed/descendants/offspring", "*gōyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*zārōtām*": "to scatter them/disperse them/spread them", "*'ărāṣōt*": "lands/countries/territories" } } 28 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.28", "source": "וַ֭יִּצָּ֣מְדוּ לְבַ֣עַל פְּע֑וֹר וַ֝יֹּאכְל֗וּ זִבְחֵ֥י מֵתִֽים׃", "text": "*wayyiṣṣāmədū* to-*Ba'al* *Pə'ōr* *wayyō'kəlū* *zibḥê* *mētîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyiṣṣāmədū*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they joined themselves", "*Ba'al*": "proper noun - Baal", "*Pə'ōr*": "proper noun - Peor", "*wayyō'kəlū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they ate", "*zibḥê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - sacrifices of", "*mētîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - dead ones" }, "variants": { "*wayyiṣṣāmədū*": "and they joined themselves/attached themselves/yoked themselves", "*zibḥê*": "sacrifices/offerings", "*mētîm*": "dead ones/lifeless beings/corpses" } } 29 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.29", "source": "וַ֭יַּכְעִיסוּ בְּמַֽעַלְלֵיהֶ֑ם וַתִּפְרָץ־בָּ֝֗ם מַגֵּפָֽה׃", "text": "*wayyak'îsū* in-*ma'alələlêhem* *wattifroṣ*-in-them *maggēfāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyak'îsū*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they provoked to anger", "*ma'alələlêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their deeds", "*wattifroṣ*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it broke out", "*maggēfāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - plague" }, "variants": { "*wayyak'îsū*": "and they provoked to anger/vexed/irritated", "*ma'alələlêhem*": "their deeds/actions/practices", "*wattifroṣ*": "and it broke out/burst forth/erupted", "*maggēfāh*": "plague/pestilence/epidemic" } } 30 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.30", "source": "וַיַּעֲמֹ֣ד פִּֽ֭ינְחָס וַיְפַלֵּ֑ל וַ֝תֵּעָצַ֗ר הַמַּגֵּפָֽה׃", "text": "*wayya'ămōd* *Pînəḥās* *wayəfallēl* *wattē'āṣar* *hammaggēfāh*", "grammar": { "*wayya'ămōd*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he stood", "*Pînəḥās*": "proper noun - Phinehas", "*wayəfallēl*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he intervened/executed judgment", "*wattē'āṣar*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it was restrained", "*hammaggēfāh*": "article + noun, feminine, singular - the plague" }, "variants": { "*wayya'ămōd*": "and he stood/arose/took action", "*wayəfallēl*": "and he intervened/executed judgment/prayed", "*wattē'āṣar*": "and it was restrained/stopped/held back", "*hammaggēfāh*": "the plague/pestilence/epidemic" } } 31 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.31", "source": "וַתֵּחָ֣שֶׁב ל֭וֹ לִצְדָקָ֑ה לְדֹ֥ר וָ֝דֹ֗ר עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*wattēḥāšeb* to-him to-*ṣədāqāh* to-*dōr* and-*dōr* until-*'ōlām*", "grammar": { "*wattēḥāšeb*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it was reckoned", "*ṣədāqāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - righteousness", "*dōr*": "noun, masculine, singular - generation", "*'ōlām*": "noun, masculine, singular - eternity" }, "variants": { "*wattēḥāšeb*": "and it was reckoned/counted/credited", "*ṣədāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/righteous act", "*dōr*": "generation/age/period", "*'ōlām*": "eternity/perpetuity/ancient time" } } 32 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.32", "source": "וַ֭יַּקְצִיפוּ עַל־מֵ֥י מְרִיבָ֑ה וַיֵּ֥רַע לְ֝מֹשֶׁ֗ה בַּעֲבוּרָֽם׃", "text": "*wayyaqṣîfū* at-*mê* *Mərîbāh* *wayyēra'* to-*Mōšeh* for-sake-of-them", "grammar": { "*wayyaqṣîfū*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they provoked to wrath", "*mê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - waters of", "*Mərîbāh*": "proper noun - Meribah", "*wayyēra'*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it went badly", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses" }, "variants": { "*wayyaqṣîfū*": "and they provoked to wrath/angered/irritated", "*mê*": "waters of/waters at", "*wayyēra'*": "and it went badly/was evil/was harmful" } } 33 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.33", "source": "כִּֽי־הִמְר֥וּ אֶת־רוּח֑וֹ וַ֝יְבַטֵּ֗א בִּשְׂפָתָֽיו׃", "text": "For-*himrū* *'et*-*rūḥō* *wayəbaṭṭē'* with-*śəfātāyw*", "grammar": { "*himrū*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they rebelled against", "*rūḥō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his spirit", "*wayəbaṭṭē'*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he spoke rashly", "*śəfātāyw*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, dual - his lips" }, "variants": { "*himrū*": "they rebelled against/were bitter against/disobeyed", "*rūḥō*": "his spirit/breath/mind", "*wayəbaṭṭē'*": "and he spoke rashly/uttered thoughtlessly/spoke unadvisedly", "*śəfātāyw*": "his lips/speech/language" } } 34 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.34", "source": "לֹֽא־הִ֭שְׁמִידוּ אֶת־הָֽעַמִּ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֣ה לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "Not-*hišmîdū* *'et*-*hā'ammîm* which *'āmar* *YHWH* to-them", "grammar": { "*hišmîdū*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they destroyed", "*hā'ammîm*": "article + noun, masculine, plural - the peoples", "*'āmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*hišmîdū*": "they destroyed/exterminated/annihilated", "*hā'ammîm*": "the peoples/nations/folk", "*'āmar*": "said/commanded/instructed" } } 35 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.35", "source": "וַיִּתְעָרְב֥וּ בַגּוֹיִ֑ם וַֽ֝יִּלְמְד֗וּ מַֽעֲשֵׂיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wayyit'ārəbū* among-*gōyim* *wayyilmədū* *ma'ăśêhem*", "grammar": { "*wayyit'ārəbū*": "hithpael imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they mingled", "*gōyim*": "noun, masculine, plural - nations", "*wayyilmədū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they learned", "*ma'ăśêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their works" }, "variants": { "*wayyit'ārəbū*": "and they mingled/mixed/intermarried", "*gōyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*wayyilmədū*": "and they learned/were taught/studied", "*ma'ăśêhem*": "their works/deeds/practices" } } 36 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.36", "source": "וַיַּעַבְד֥וּ אֶת־עֲצַבֵּיהֶ֑ם וַיִּהְי֖וּ לָהֶ֣ם לְמוֹקֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "*wayya'abdū* *'et*-*'ăṣabbêhem* *wayyihyū* to-them to-*mōqēš*", "grammar": { "*wayya'abdū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they served", "*'ăṣabbêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their idols", "*wayyihyū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they became", "*mōqēš*": "noun, masculine, singular - snare" }, "variants": { "*wayya'abdū*": "and they served/worshiped/worked for", "*'ăṣabbêhem*": "their idols/graven images/carved figures", "*wayyihyū*": "and they became/were/existed", "*mōqēš*": "snare/trap/bait" } } 37 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.37", "source": "וַיִּזְבְּח֣וּ אֶת־בְּ֭נֵיהֶם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם לַשֵּֽׁדִים׃", "text": "*wayyizbəḥū* *'et*-*bənêhem* and-*'et*-*bənōtêhem* to-*šēdîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyizbəḥū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they sacrificed", "*bənêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their sons", "*bənōtêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, plural - their daughters", "*šēdîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - demons" }, "variants": { "*wayyizbəḥū*": "and they sacrificed/slaughtered/offered", "*bənêhem*": "their sons/male children", "*bənōtêhem*": "their daughters/female children", "*šēdîm*": "demons/evil spirits/false gods" } } 38 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.38", "source": "וַיִּֽשְׁפְּכ֨וּ דָ֪ם נָקִ֡י דַּם־בְּנֵ֘יהֶ֤ם וּֽבְנוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר זִ֭בְּחוּ לַעֲצַבֵּ֣י כְנָ֑עַן וַתֶּחֱנַ֥ף הָ֝אָ֗רֶץ בַּדָּמִֽים׃", "text": "*wayyišpəkū* *dām* *nāqî* *dam*-*bənêhem* and-*bənōtêhem* which *zibəḥū* to-*'ăṣabbê* *Kənā'an* *watteḥĕnaf* *hā'āreṣ* with-*dāmîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyišpəkū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they shed", "*dām*": "noun, masculine, singular - blood", "*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine, singular - innocent", "*dam*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - blood of", "*bənêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their sons", "*bənōtêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, plural - their daughters", "*zibəḥū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they sacrificed", "*'ăṣabbê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - idols of", "*Kənā'an*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*watteḥĕnaf*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it was polluted", "*hā'āreṣ*": "article + noun, feminine, singular - the land", "*dāmîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - blood" }, "variants": { "*wayyišpəkū*": "and they shed/poured out/spilled", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*nāqî*": "innocent/blameless/free from guilt", "*zibəḥū*": "they sacrificed/slaughtered/offered", "*'ăṣabbê*": "idols of/graven images of", "*watteḥĕnaf*": "and it was polluted/defiled/profaned", "*hā'āreṣ*": "the land/earth/ground", "*dāmîm*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt" } } 39 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.39", "source": "וַיִּטְמְא֥וּ בְמַעֲשֵׂיהֶ֑ם וַ֝יִּזְנ֗וּ בְּמַ֥עַלְלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wayyiṭmə'ū* in-*ma'ăśêhem* *wayyiznū* in-*ma'alələlêhem*", "grammar": { "*wayyiṭmə'ū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they became unclean", "*ma'ăśêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their works", "*wayyiznū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they played the harlot", "*ma'alələlêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their deeds" }, "variants": { "*wayyiṭmə'ū*": "and they became unclean/were defiled/were made impure", "*ma'ăśêhem*": "their works/deeds/actions", "*wayyiznū*": "and they played the harlot/were unfaithful/prostituted themselves", "*ma'alələlêhem*": "their deeds/acts/practices" } } 40 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.40", "source": "וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֣ף יְהוָ֣ה בְּעַמּ֑וֹ וַ֝יְתָעֵ֗ב אֶת־נַחֲלָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wayyiḥar*-*'af* *YHWH* in-*'ammō* *wayətā'ēb* *'et*-*naḥălātō*", "grammar": { "*wayyiḥar*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it burned", "*'af*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - anger of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*'ammō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, singular - his people", "*wayətā'ēb*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he abhorred", "*naḥălātō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his inheritance" }, "variants": { "*wayyiḥar*": "and it burned/kindled/was hot", "*'af*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*'ammō*": "his people/folk/nation", "*wayətā'ēb*": "and he abhorred/detested/loathed", "*naḥălātō*": "his inheritance/heritage/possession" } } 41 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.41", "source": "וַיִּתְּנֵ֥ם בְּיַד־גּוֹיִ֑ם וַֽיִּמְשְׁל֥וּ בָ֝הֶ֗ם שֹׂנְאֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wayyittənēm* in-hand-of-*gōyim* *wayyimšəlū* in-them *śōnə'êhem*", "grammar": { "*wayyittənēm*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person plural suffix - and he gave them", "*gōyim*": "noun, masculine, plural - nations", "*wayyimšəlū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they ruled", "*śōnə'êhem*": "qal participle + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their haters" }, "variants": { "*wayyittənēm*": "and he gave them/delivered them/handed them over", "*gōyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*wayyimšəlū*": "and they ruled/had dominion/controlled", "*śōnə'êhem*": "their haters/those who hate them/their enemies" } } 42 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.42", "source": "וַיִּלְחָצ֥וּם אוֹיְבֵיהֶ֑ם וַ֝יִּכָּנְע֗וּ תַּ֣חַת יָדָֽם׃", "text": "*wayyilḥāṣūm* *'ōyəbêhem* *wayyikkānə'ū* under *yādām*", "grammar": { "*wayyilḥāṣūm*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural + 3rd person plural suffix - and they oppressed them", "*'ōyəbêhem*": "qal participle + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their enemies", "*wayyikkānə'ū*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they were subdued", "*yādām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, singular - their hand" }, "variants": { "*wayyilḥāṣūm*": "and they oppressed them/afflicted them/pressured them", "*'ōyəbêhem*": "their enemies/foes/adversaries", "*wayyikkānə'ū*": "and they were subdued/humbled/brought low", "*yādām*": "their hand/power/control" } } 43 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.43", "source": "פְּעָמִ֥ים רַבּ֗וֹת יַצִּ֫ילֵ֥ם וְ֭הֵמָּה יַמְר֣וּ בַעֲצָתָ֑ם וַ֝יָּמֹ֗כּוּ בַּעֲוֺנָֽם׃", "text": "*pə'āmîm* *rabbōt* *yaṣṣîlēm* and-they *yamrū* with-*'ăṣātām* *wayyāmōkkū* with-*'ăwōnām*", "grammar": { "*pə'āmîm*": "noun, feminine, plural - times", "*rabbōt*": "adjective, feminine, plural - many", "*yaṣṣîlēm*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person plural suffix - he delivered them", "*yamrū*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person plural - they rebelled", "*'ăṣātām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, singular - their counsel", "*wayyāmōkkū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they sank down", "*'ăwōnām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, singular - their iniquity" }, "variants": { "*pə'āmîm*": "times/occasions/instances", "*rabbōt*": "many/numerous/abundant", "*yaṣṣîlēm*": "he delivered them/rescued them/saved them", "*yamrū*": "they rebelled/were disobedient/defied", "*'ăṣātām*": "their counsel/plan/advice", "*wayyāmōkkū*": "and they sank down/were brought low/languished", "*'ăwōnām*": "their iniquity/sin/guilt" } } 44 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.44", "source": "וַ֭יַּרְא בַּצַּ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם בְּ֝שָׁמְע֗וֹ אֶת־רִנָּתָֽם׃", "text": "*wayyar'* in-*ṣar* to-them in-*šom'ō* *'et*-*rinnātām*", "grammar": { "*wayyar'*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he saw", "*ṣar*": "noun, masculine, singular - distress", "*šom'ō*": "qal infinitive construct + 3rd person suffix - his hearing", "*rinnātām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, singular - their cry" }, "variants": { "*wayyar'*": "and he saw/looked/observed", "*ṣar*": "distress/trouble/affliction", "*šom'ō*": "his hearing/listening", "*rinnātām*": "their cry/shout/plea" } } 45 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.45", "source": "וַיִּזְכֹּ֣ר לָהֶ֣ם בְּרִית֑וֹ וַ֝יִּנָּחֵ֗ם כְּרֹ֣ב חֲסָדָֽיו׃", "text": "*wayyizkōr* for-them *bərîtō* *wayyinnāḥēm* according-to-abundance-of *ḥăsādāyw*", "grammar": { "*wayyizkōr*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he remembered", "*bərîtō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his covenant", "*wayyinnāḥēm*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he relented", "*ḥăsādāyw*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, plural - his lovingkindnesses" }, "variants": { "*wayyizkōr*": "and he remembered/recalled/was mindful of", "*bərîtō*": "his covenant/agreement/treaty", "*wayyinnāḥēm*": "and he relented/was moved to pity/changed his mind", "*ḥăsādāyw*": "his lovingkindnesses/mercies/acts of covenant faithfulness" } } 46 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.46", "source": "וַיִּתֵּ֣ן אוֹתָ֣ם לְרַחֲמִ֑ים לִ֝פְנֵ֗י כָּל־שׁוֹבֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wayyittēn* them to-*raḥămîm* before all-*šōbêhem*", "grammar": { "*wayyittēn*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he gave", "*raḥămîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - compassion", "*šōbêhem*": "qal participle + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their captors" }, "variants": { "*wayyittēn*": "and he gave/caused/granted", "*raḥămîm*": "compassion/mercy/tender mercies", "*šōbêhem*": "their captors/those who took them captive/their captives" } } 47 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.47", "source": "הוֹשִׁיעֵ֨נוּ ׀ יְה֘וָ֤ה אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ וְקַבְּצֵנוּ֮ מִֽן־הַגּ֫וֹיִ֥ם לְ֭הֹדוֹת לְשֵׁ֣ם קָדְשֶׁ֑ךָ לְ֝הִשְׁתַּבֵּ֗חַ בִּתְהִלָּתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*hōšî'ēnū* *YHWH* *'ĕlōhênū* and-*qabbəṣēnū* from-*haggōyim* to-*ləhōdōt* to-*šēm* *qodšekā* to-*ləhištabbēaḥ* in-*təhillātekā*", "grammar": { "*hōšî'ēnū*": "hiphil imperative + 1st person plural suffix - save us", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*'ĕlōhênū*": "noun + 1st person plural suffix, masculine, plural - our God", "*qabbəṣēnū*": "piel imperative + 1st person plural suffix - gather us", "*haggōyim*": "article + noun, masculine, plural - the nations", "*ləhōdōt*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to give thanks", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - name of", "*qodšekā*": "noun + 2nd person suffix, masculine, singular - your holiness", "*ləhištabbēaḥ*": "hithpael infinitive construct - to glory", "*təhillātekā*": "noun + 2nd person suffix, feminine, singular - your praise" }, "variants": { "*hōšî'ēnū*": "save us/deliver us/rescue us", "*'ĕlōhênū*": "our God/our deity", "*qabbəṣēnū*": "gather us/collect us/assemble us", "*haggōyim*": "the nations/peoples/gentiles", "*ləhōdōt*": "to give thanks/praise/acknowledge", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/character", "*qodšekā*": "your holiness/sacredness/sanctity", "*ləhištabbēaḥ*": "to glory/boast/take pride", "*təhillātekā*": "your praise/glory/commendation" } } 48 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.48", "source": "בָּ֤רֽוּךְ־יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֵ֪י יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל מִן־הָ֤עוֹלָ֨ם ׀ וְעַ֬ד הָעוֹלָ֗ם וְאָמַ֖ר כָּל־הָעָ֥ם אָמֵ֗ן הַֽלְלוּ־יָֽהּ׃", "text": "*bārūk*-*YHWH* *'ĕlōhê* *Yiśrā'ēl* from-*hā'ōlām* and-until *hā'ōlām* and-*'āmar* all-*hā'ām* *'āmēn* *haləlū*-*Yāh*", "grammar": { "*bārūk*": "qal passive participle, masculine, singular - blessed", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*'ĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - God of", "*Yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hā'ōlām*": "article + noun, masculine, singular - the eternity", "*'āmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said", "*hā'ām*": "article + noun, masculine, singular - the people", "*'āmēn*": "interjection - amen/truly", "*haləlū*": "piel imperative, masculine plural - praise", "*Yāh*": "divine name - YAH" }, "variants": { "*bārūk*": "blessed/praised/adored", "*'ĕlōhê*": "God of/deity of", "*hā'ōlām*": "the eternity/everlasting/forever", "*'āmar*": "said/declared/affirmed", "*hā'ām*": "the people/nation/folk", "*'āmēn*": "amen/truly/so be it", "*haləlū*": "praise/commend/extol", "*Yāh*": "YAH/shortened form of YHWH" } }
• Jer 3:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.13", "source": "אַ֚ךְ דְּעִ֣י עֲוֺנֵ֔ךְ כִּ֛י בַּיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהַ֖יִךְ פָּשָׁ֑עַתְּ וַתְּפַזְּרִ֨י אֶת־דְּרָכַ֜יִךְ לַזָּרִ֗ים תַּ֚חַת כָּל־עֵ֣ץ רַעֲנָ֔ן וּבְקוֹלִ֥י לֹא־שְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהֹוָֽה׃", "text": "Only *dᵉʿî* *ʿăwōnēḵ* that against-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhayiḵ* *pāšāʿat*, *wattᵉp̄azzᵉrî* *ʾet*-*dᵉrāḵayiḵ* to-the-*zārîm* under every-*ʿēṣ* *raʿănān*, and-to-*qôlî* not-*šᵉmaʿtem* *nᵉʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*dᵉʿî*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - 'know/acknowledge'", "*ʿăwōnēḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your iniquity'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*ʾĕlōhayiḵ*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*pāšāʿat*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - 'you rebelled/transgressed'", "*wattᵉp̄azzᵉrî*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and you scattered'", "*dᵉrāḵayiḵ*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your ways'", "*zārîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural with definite article - 'the strangers/foreigners'", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'tree'", "*raʿănān*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'leafy/luxuriant/green'", "*qôlî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - 'my voice'", "*šᵉmaʿtem*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - 'you heard/listened'", "*nᵉʾum*": "construct state - 'utterance/declaration'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'" }, "variants": { "*dᵉʿî*": "know/acknowledge/recognize", "*ʿăwōnēḵ*": "your iniquity/guilt/sin", "*ʾĕlōhayiḵ*": "your God", "*pāšāʿat*": "you rebelled/transgressed/committed offense", "*wattᵉp̄azzᵉrî*": "and you scattered/distributed/dispersed", "*dᵉrāḵayiḵ*": "your ways/paths/journeys", "*zārîm*": "strangers/foreigners/aliens", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood", "*raʿănān*": "leafy/luxuriant/green/verdant", "*qôlî*": "my voice/sound", "*šᵉmaʿtem*": "you heard/listened/obeyed" } }
• Luke 15:18-21 : 18 { "verseID": "Luke.15.18", "source": "Ἀναστὰς πορεύσομαι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα μου, καὶ ἐρῶ αὐτῷ, Πάτερ, ἥμαρτον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν, καὶ ἐνώπιόν σου,", "text": "*Anastas* *poreusomai* *pros* the *patera* of-me, and *erō* to-him, *Pater*, *hēmarton* against the *ouranon*, and *enōpion* of-you,", "grammar": { "*Anastas*": "aorist active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having risen up", "*poreusomai*": "future middle indicative, 1st person singular - I will go", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*patera*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - father", "μου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 1st person singular - of me", "*erō*": "future active indicative, 1st person singular - I will say", "αὐτῷ": "personal pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*Pater*": "noun, masculine singular, vocative - Father", "*hēmarton*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I sinned", "*ouranon*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - heaven/sky", "*enōpion*": "preposition + genitive - before/in the sight of", "σου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you" }, "variants": { "*Anastas*": "having risen up/getting up/standing up", "*poreusomai*": "I will go/travel/journey", "*pros*": "to/toward/unto", "*patera*": "father", "*erō*": "I will say/tell/speak", "*hēmarton*": "I sinned/did wrong", "*ouranon*": "heaven/sky", "*enōpion*": "before/in the sight of/in the presence of" } } 19 { "verseID": "Luke.15.19", "source": "Καὶ οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου: ποίησόν με ὡς ἕνα τῶν μισθίων σου.", "text": "And no-longer *eimi* *axios* *klēthēnai* *huios* of-you: *poiēson* me as one of-the *misthiōn* of-you.", "grammar": { "*eimi*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I am", "*axios*": "adjective, masculine singular, nominative - worthy", "*klēthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be called", "*huios*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - son", "σου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*poiēson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular - make", "με": "personal pronoun, accusative, 1st person singular - me", "*misthiōn*": "noun, masculine plural, genitive - of hired servants" }, "variants": { "*eimi*": "I am/exist", "*axios*": "worthy/deserving", "*klēthēnai*": "to be called/named", "*huios*": "son", "*poiēson*": "make/consider/treat", "*misthiōn*": "hired servants/workers" } } 20 { "verseID": "Luke.15.20", "source": "Καὶ ἀναστὰς, ἦλθεν πρὸς τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ. Ἔτι δὲ αὐτοῦ μακρὰν ἀπέχοντος, εἶδεν αὐτὸν ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐσπλαγχνίσθη, καὶ δραμὼν, ἐπέπεσεν ἐπὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ, καὶ κατεφίλησεν αὐτόν.", "text": "And *anastas*, *ēlthen* *pros* the *patera* of-him. Yet *de* of-him *makran* *apechontos*, *eiden* him the *patēr* of-him, and *esplanchnisthē*, and *dramōn*, *epepesen* upon the *trachēlon* of-him, and *katephilēsen* him.", "grammar": { "*anastas*": "aorist active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having risen up", "*ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he came/went", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*patera*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - father", "αὐτοῦ": "personal pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*makran*": "adverb - far/distant", "*apechontos*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, singular - being distant", "*eiden*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he saw", "*patēr*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - father", "*esplanchnisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - he was moved with compassion", "*dramōn*": "aorist active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having run", "*epepesen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he fell upon", "*trachēlon*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - neck", "*katephilēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he kissed earnestly" }, "variants": { "*anastas*": "having risen up/getting up/standing up", "*ēlthen*": "came/went/returned", "*pros*": "to/toward/unto", "*patera*": "father", "*makran*": "far/distant/away", "*apechontos*": "being distant/being away/far off", "*eiden*": "saw/beheld/noticed", "*patēr*": "father", "*esplanchnisthē*": "was moved with compassion/felt compassion/had pity", "*dramōn*": "having run/rushing", "*epepesen*": "fell upon/embraced", "*trachēlon*": "neck", "*katephilēsen*": "kissed earnestly/kissed tenderly/embraced" } } 21 { "verseID": "Luke.15.21", "source": "Εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ ὁ υἱὸς, Πάτερ, ἥμαρτον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν, καὶ ἐνώπιόν σου, καὶ οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου.", "text": "*Eipen* *de* to-him the *huios*, *Pater*, *hēmarton* against the *ouranon*, and *enōpion* of-you, and no-longer *eimi* *axios* *klēthēnai* *huios* of-you.", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "αὐτῷ": "personal pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*huios*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - son", "*Pater*": "noun, masculine singular, vocative - Father", "*hēmarton*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I sinned", "*ouranon*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - heaven/sky", "*enōpion*": "preposition + genitive - before/in the sight of", "σου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*eimi*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I am", "*axios*": "adjective, masculine singular, nominative - worthy", "*klēthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be called", "*huios*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - son" }, "variants": { "*Eipen*": "said/spoke", "*huios*": "son", "*hēmarton*": "I sinned/did wrong", "*ouranon*": "heaven/sky", "*enōpion*": "before/in the sight of/in the presence of", "*eimi*": "I am/exist", "*axios*": "worthy/deserving", "*klēthēnai*": "to be called/named" } }
• 1 John 1:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "1 John.1.7", "source": "Ἐὰν δὲ ἐν τῷ φωτὶ περιπατῶμεν, ὡς αὐτός ἐστιν ἐν τῷ φωτί, κοινωνίαν ἔχομεν μετʼ ἀλλήλων, καὶ τὸ αἷμα Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ καθαρίζει ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἁμαρτίας.", "text": "If *de* in the *phōti* we *peripatōmen*, as he *estin* in the *phōti*, *koinōnian* we *echomen* with *allēlōn*, and the *haima* of *Iēsou Christou* the *Huiou* of him *katharizei* us from all *hamartias*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/moreover [connecting with contrast]", "*phōti*": "dative, neuter, singular - light [locative use]", "*peripatōmen*": "present subjunctive, 1st plural, active - we might walk/conduct ourselves [potential ongoing action]", "*estin*": "present, 3rd singular - is [ongoing state]", "*koinōnian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - fellowship/communion", "*echomen*": "present, 1st plural, active - we have/possess [ongoing state]", "*allēlōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - one another/each other", "*haima*": "nominative, neuter, singular - blood", "*Iēsou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Christ/Anointed One", "*Huiou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Son", "*katharizei*": "present, 3rd singular, active - cleanses/purifies [ongoing action]", "*hamartias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - sin" }, "variants": { "*de*": "but/and/moreover/yet [contrasting]", "*phōti*": "light/illumination/radiance/truth", "*peripatōmen*": "walk/conduct ourselves/live/behave", "*estin*": "is/exists/remains", "*koinōnian*": "fellowship/communion/participation/partnership/sharing", "*echomen*": "have/possess/hold/maintain", "*allēlōn*": "one another/each other/mutually", "*haima*": "blood/bloodshed/life", "*Iēsou*": "Jesus [personal name]", "*Christou*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One", "*Huiou*": "Son/descendant/offspring", "*katharizei*": "cleanses/purifies/makes clean", "*hamartias*": "sin/wrongdoing/error/failure" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 John.1.8", "source": "Ἐὰν εἴπωμεν ὅτι ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ ἔχομεν, ἑαυτοὺς πλανῶμεν, καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἡμῖν.", "text": "If we *eipōmen* that *hamartian* not we *echomen*, *heautous* we *planōmen*, and the *alētheia* not *estin* in us.", "grammar": { "*eipōmen*": "aorist subjunctive, 1st plural, active - we might say/claim [potential action]", "*hamartian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sin [direct object]", "*echomen*": "present, 1st plural, active - we have/possess [ongoing state]", "*heautous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, reflexive pronoun - ourselves", "*planōmen*": "present, 1st plural, active - we deceive/lead astray [ongoing action]", "*alētheia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - truth", "*estin*": "present, 3rd singular - is [ongoing state]" }, "variants": { "*eipōmen*": "might say/declare/claim", "*hamartian*": "sin/wrongdoing/error/failure", "*echomen*": "have/possess/hold/maintain", "*heautous*": "ourselves/our own selves", "*planōmen*": "deceive/lead astray/cause to wander/mislead", "*alētheia*": "truth/reality/genuineness", "*estin*": "is/exists/remains" } } 9 { "verseID": "1 John.1.9", "source": "Ἐὰν ὁμολογῶμεν τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν, πιστός ἐστιν καὶ δίκαιος ἵνα ἀφῇ ἡμῖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας, καὶ καθαρίσῃ ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἀδικίας.", "text": "If we *homologōmen* the *hamartias* of us, *pistos* *estin* and *dikaios* *hina* he might *aphē* to us the *hamartias*, and might *katharisē* us from all *adikias*.", "grammar": { "*homologōmen*": "present subjunctive, 1st plural, active - we might confess/acknowledge [potential ongoing action]", "*hamartias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - sins [direct object]", "*pistos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - faithful/trustworthy", "*estin*": "present, 3rd singular - is [ongoing state]", "*dikaios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - righteous/just", "*hina*": "conjunction introducing purpose clause - so that/in order that", "*aphē*": "aorist subjunctive, 3rd singular, active - might forgive/release [potential action]", "*hamartias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - sins [direct object]", "*katharisē*": "aorist subjunctive, 3rd singular, active - might cleanse/purify [potential action]", "*adikias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - unrighteousness/wrongdoing" }, "variants": { "*homologōmen*": "confess/acknowledge/agree/admit", "*hamartias*": "sins/wrongdoings/errors/failures", "*pistos*": "faithful/trustworthy/reliable/believable", "*estin*": "is/exists/remains", "*dikaios*": "righteous/just/fair/right", "*hina*": "so that/in order that/with the purpose that", "*aphē*": "forgive/release/let go/remit", "*katharisē*": "cleanse/purify/make clean", "*adikias*": "unrighteousness/injustice/wrongdoing/wickedness" } }
• 2 Sam 12:13 : 13 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.12.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־נָתָ֔ן חָטָ֖אתִי לַֽיהוָ֑ה ס וַיֹּ֨אמֶר נָתָ֜ן אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד גַּם־יְהוָ֛ה הֶעֱבִ֥יר חַטָּאתְךָ֖ לֹ֥א תָמֽוּת", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer dāwid ʾel-nātān ḥāṭāʾtî la-YHWH wə-yōʾmer nātān ʾel-dāwid gam-YHWH heʿĕbîr ḥaṭṭāʾtəkā lōʾ tāmût*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾel-nātān*": "preposition + proper noun - to Nathan", "*ḥāṭāʾtî*": "Qal perfect 1st common singular - I have sinned", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - against YHWH", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*nātān*": "proper noun - Nathan", "*ʾel-dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to David", "*gam*": "conjunction/particle - also", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*heʿĕbîr*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - has taken away", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtəkā*": "noun, feminine singular construct + suffix 2nd masculine singular - your sin", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tāmût*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will die" }, "variants": { "*ḥāṭāʾtî*": "I have sinned/I am guilty", "*heʿĕbîr*": "has taken away/has removed/has transferred", "*lōʾ tāmût*": "you will not die/you shall not be put to death" } }
• 2 Sam 24:10 : 10 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.24.10", "source": "וַיַּ֤ךְ לֵב־דָּוִד֙ אֹת֔וֹ אַחֲרֵי־כֵ֖ן סָפַ֣ר אֶת־הָעָ֑ם ס וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־יְהוָ֗ה חָטָ֤אתִי מְאֹד֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֔יתִי וְעַתָּ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה הַֽעֲבֶר־נָא֙ אֶת־עֲוֺ֣ן עַבְדְּךָ֔ כִּ֥י נִסְכַּ֖לְתִּי מְאֹֽד", "text": "And *yak* *lēḇ-dāwiḏ* *'ōtô* after *sāp̄ar* *'et-hā'ām* and *yō'mer* *dāwiḏ* to *YHWH* *ḥāṭā'tî* *mə'ōḏ* which *'āśîtî* and now *YHWH* *ha'ăḇer-nā'* *'et-'ăwōn* *'aḇdəkā* for *niskalətî* *mə'ōḏ*", "grammar": { "*yak*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - it struck", "*lēḇ-dāwiḏ*": "construct noun + proper noun - heart of David", "*'ōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*sāp̄ar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he had counted", "*'et-hā'ām*": "direct object marker + definite noun - the people", "*yō'mer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he said", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ḥāṭā'tî*": "Qal perfect 1st singular - I have sinned", "*mə'ōḏ*": "adverb - greatly", "*'āśîtî*": "Qal perfect 1st singular - I have done", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ha'ăḇer-nā'*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular + particle of entreaty - please take away", "*'et-'ăwōn*": "direct object marker + noun - iniquity of", "*'aḇdəkā*": "noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant", "*niskalətî*": "Niphal perfect 1st singular - I have acted foolishly", "*mə'ōḏ*": "adverb - greatly" }, "variants": { "*yak*": "struck/smote/troubled", "*sāp̄ar*": "counted/numbered/recounted", "*ḥāṭā'tî*": "I have sinned/missed the mark/offended", "*ha'ăḇer*": "take away/remove/pass over", "*'ăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*niskalətî*": "I have acted foolishly/done foolishly" } }
• Ezra 9:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Ezra.9.6", "source": "וָאֹמְרָ֗ה אֱלֹהַי֙ בֹּ֣שְׁתִּי וְנִכְלַ֔מְתִּי לְהָרִ֧ים אֱלֹהַ֛י פָּנַ֖י אֵלֶ֑יךָ כִּ֣י עֲוֺנֹתֵ֤ינוּ רָבוּ֙ לְמַ֣עְלָה רֹּ֔אשׁ וְאַשְׁמָתֵ֥נוּ גָדְלָ֖ה עַ֥ד לַשָּׁמָֽיִם", "text": "And-*ʾāmar*-I, \"*ʾĕlōhay*, *bôš*-I and-*kālam*-I to-*rûm* *ʾĕlōhay* *pānay* unto-you, for *ʿăwōnôt*-our *rābâ* to-above *rōʾš*, and-*ʾašmâ*-our *gādal* unto the-*šāmayim*\"", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular with conversive waw - 'and I said'", "*ʾĕlōhay*": "masculine singular with 1st person suffix - 'my God'", "*bôš*": "Qal perfect 1st singular - 'I am ashamed'", "*kālam*": "Niphal perfect 1st singular - 'I am embarrassed/humiliated'", "*rûm*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to lift up'", "*pānay*": "masculine plural with 1st person suffix - 'my face'", "*ʿăwōnôt*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our iniquities'", "*rābâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd plural - 'have increased/multiplied'", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular - 'head'", "*ʾašmâ*": "feminine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'our guilt'", "*gādal*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'has grown/increased'", "*šāmayim*": "masculine plural - 'heavens'" }, "variants": { "*bôš*": "ashamed/embarrassed/disgraced", "*kālam*": "humiliated/ashamed/dishonored", "*rûm*": "lift up/raise/elevate", "*ʿăwōnôt*": "iniquities/sins/guilt", "*rābâ*": "increased/multiplied/grown numerous", "*ʾašmâ*": "guilt/offense/sin", "*gādal*": "grown/increased/become great" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezra.9.7", "source": "מִימֵ֣י אֲבֹתֵ֗ינוּ אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ בְּאַשְׁמָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וּבַעֲוֺנֹתֵ֡ינוּ נִתַּ֡נּוּ אֲנַחְנוּ֩ מְלָכֵ֨ינוּ כֹהֲנֵ֜ינוּ בְּיַ֣ד ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י הָאֲרָצ֗וֹת בַּחֶ֜רֶב בַּשְּׁבִ֧י וּבַבִּזָּ֛ה וּבְבֹ֥שֶׁת פָּנִ֖ים כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה", "text": "From-*yāmîm* *ʾăbōtênû* we in-*ʾašmâ* *gǝdōlâ* until the-*yôm* the-this, and-in-*ʿăwōnôt*-our *nātan* we, *mǝlākênû*, *kōhănênû* into-*yād* *malkê hāʾărāṣôt*, in-the-*ḥereb*, in-the-*šǝbî*, and-in-the-*bizzâ*, and-in-*bōšet pānîm* as-the-*yôm* the-this", "grammar": { "*yāmîm*": "masculine plural construct - 'days of'", "*ʾăbōtênû*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our fathers'", "*ʾašmâ*": "feminine singular - 'guilt'", "*gǝdōlâ*": "feminine singular adjective - 'great'", "*yôm*": "masculine singular - 'day'", "*ʿăwōnôt*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our iniquities'", "*nātan*": "Niphal perfect 1st plural - 'we have been given'", "*mǝlākênû*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our kings'", "*kōhănênû*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our priests'", "*yād*": "feminine singular construct - 'hand of'", "*malkê hāʾărāṣôt*": "construct relationship - 'kings of the lands'", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular with prefix ב - 'by the sword'", "*šǝbî*": "masculine singular with prefix ב - 'in captivity'", "*bizzâ*": "feminine singular with prefix ב - 'to plunder'", "*bōšet pānîm*": "construct relationship - 'shame of face'" }, "variants": { "*ʾašmâ*": "guilt/offense/sin", "*nātan*": "given/delivered/handed over", "*ḥereb*": "sword/warfare/violence", "*šǝbî*": "captivity/imprisonment", "*bizzâ*": "plunder/spoil/looting", "*bōšet pānîm*": "shame of face/disgrace/humiliation" } }
• Job 33:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Job.33.27", "source": "יָשֹׁ֤ר ׀ עַל־אֲנָשִׁ֗ים וַיֹּ֗אמֶר חָ֭טָאתִי וְיָשָׁ֥ר הֶעֱוֵ֗יתִי וְלֹא־שָׁ֥וָה לִֽי׃", "text": "*yāšōr* *'al*-*ʾănāšîm* *wayyō'mer* *ḥāṭā'tî* *wəyāšār* *he'ĕwêtî* *wəlō'*-*šāwâ* *lî*", "grammar": { "*yāšōr*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he sings/looks", "*'al*": "preposition - to/upon", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*wayyō'mer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he says", "*ḥāṭā'tî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have sinned", "*wəyāšār*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and straight/right", "*he'ĕwêtî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I have perverted", "*wəlō'*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šāwâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it was equal/profitable", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me" }, "variants": { "*yāšōr*": "he sings/he looks/he observes", "*ʾănāšîm*": "men/people/mankind", "*ḥāṭā'tî*": "I have sinned/I sinned/I was wrong", "*yāšār*": "straight/right/upright", "*he'ĕwêtî*": "I have perverted/I have made crooked/I have distorted", "*šāwâ*": "it was equal/it was profitable/it was worth" } }
• Ps 51:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.3", "source": "חָנֵּ֣נִי אֱלֹהִ֣ים כְּחַסְדֶּ֑ךָ כְּרֹ֥ב רַ֝חֲמֶ֗יךָ מְחֵ֣ה פְשָׁעָֽי׃", "text": "*ḥānnēnî* *ʾĕlōhîm* according-to-*ḥasdəkā* according-to-abundance-of *raḥămêkā* *məḥēh* *pəšāʿāy*", "grammar": { "*ḥānnēnî*": "Qal imperative with 1st person singular suffix - be gracious to me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*ḥasdəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your lovingkindness", "*raḥămêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your compassions", "*məḥēh*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - blot out/wipe away", "*pəšāʿāy*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my transgressions" }, "variants": { "*ḥānnēnî*": "be gracious to me/have mercy on me/favor me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings (plural form used for singular deity)", "*ḥasdəkā*": "your lovingkindness/steadfast love/covenant faithfulness", "*raḥămêkā*": "your compassions/mercies/tender feelings", "*məḥēh*": "blot out/wipe away/erase", "*pəšāʿāy*": "my transgressions/rebellions/crimes" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.4", "source": "*הרבה **הֶ֭רֶב כַּבְּסֵ֣נִי מֵעֲוֺנִ֑י וּֽמֵחַטָּאתִ֥י טַהֲרֵֽנִי׃", "text": "*hereb* *kabbəsēnî* from-*ʿăwōnî* and-from-*ḥaṭṭāʾtî* *ṭahărēnî*", "grammar": { "*hereb*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular - multiply/increase/do abundantly", "*kabbəsēnî*": "Piel imperative with 1st person singular suffix - wash me thoroughly", "*ʿăwōnî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed min (from) - my iniquity", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed min (from) - my sin", "*ṭahărēnî*": "Piel imperative with 1st person singular suffix - cleanse me" }, "variants": { "*hereb*": "multiply/increase/do abundantly/thoroughly", "*kabbəsēnî*": "wash me thoroughly/cleanse me completely", "*ʿăwōnî*": "my iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "my sin/offense/failure", "*ṭahărēnî*": "cleanse me/purify me/make me clean" } }