Isaiah 59:12

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.59.12", "source": "כִּֽי־רַבּ֤וּ פְשָׁעֵ֙ינוּ֙ נֶגְדֶּ֔ךָ וְחַטֹּאותֵ֖ינוּ עָ֣נְתָה בָּ֑נוּ כִּֽי־פְשָׁעֵ֣ינוּ אִתָּ֔נוּ וַעֲוֺנֹתֵ֖ינוּ יְדַֽעֲנֽוּם׃", "text": "*Kî-rabbû* *pəšāʿênû* before-you and-*ḥaṭṭōʾwtênû* *ʿānətāh* against-us *kî-pəšāʿênû* with-us and-*ʿăwōnōtênû* *yədaʿănûm*", "grammar": { "*Kî-rabbû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - for they are many", "*pəšāʿênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our transgressions", "*ḥaṭṭōʾwtênû*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our sins", "*ʿānətāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she testifies/answers", "*kî-pəšāʿênû*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - for our transgressions", "*ʿăwōnōtênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our iniquities", "*yədaʿănûm*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - we know them" }, "variants": { "*rabbû*": "are many/numerous/great", "*pəšāʿênû*": "our transgressions/rebellions/crimes", "*ḥaṭṭōʾwtênû*": "our sins/failures/misdeeds", "*ʿānətāh*": "testifies/answers/responds", "*ʿăwōnōtênû*": "our iniquities/guilt/perversities", "*yədaʿănûm*": "we know them/acknowledge them/recognize them" } }

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Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Ezra 9:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Ezra.9.6", "source": "וָאֹמְרָ֗ה אֱלֹהַי֙ בֹּ֣שְׁתִּי וְנִכְלַ֔מְתִּי לְהָרִ֧ים אֱלֹהַ֛י פָּנַ֖י אֵלֶ֑יךָ כִּ֣י עֲוֺנֹתֵ֤ינוּ רָבוּ֙ לְמַ֣עְלָה רֹּ֔אשׁ וְאַשְׁמָתֵ֥נוּ גָדְלָ֖ה עַ֥ד לַשָּׁמָֽיִם", "text": "And-*ʾāmar*-I, \"*ʾĕlōhay*, *bôš*-I and-*kālam*-I to-*rûm* *ʾĕlōhay* *pānay* unto-you, for *ʿăwōnôt*-our *rābâ* to-above *rōʾš*, and-*ʾašmâ*-our *gādal* unto the-*šāmayim*\"", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular with conversive waw - 'and I said'", "*ʾĕlōhay*": "masculine singular with 1st person suffix - 'my God'", "*bôš*": "Qal perfect 1st singular - 'I am ashamed'", "*kālam*": "Niphal perfect 1st singular - 'I am embarrassed/humiliated'", "*rûm*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to lift up'", "*pānay*": "masculine plural with 1st person suffix - 'my face'", "*ʿăwōnôt*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our iniquities'", "*rābâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd plural - 'have increased/multiplied'", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular - 'head'", "*ʾašmâ*": "feminine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'our guilt'", "*gādal*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'has grown/increased'", "*šāmayim*": "masculine plural - 'heavens'" }, "variants": { "*bôš*": "ashamed/embarrassed/disgraced", "*kālam*": "humiliated/ashamed/dishonored", "*rûm*": "lift up/raise/elevate", "*ʿăwōnôt*": "iniquities/sins/guilt", "*rābâ*": "increased/multiplied/grown numerous", "*ʾašmâ*": "guilt/offense/sin", "*gādal*": "grown/increased/become great" } }
  • Jer 14:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.14.7", "source": "אִם־עֲוֺנֵ֙ינוּ֙ עָ֣נוּ בָ֔נוּ יְהוָ֕ה עֲשֵׂ֖ה לְמַ֣עַן שְׁמֶ֑ךָ כִּֽי־רַבּ֥וּ מְשׁוּבֹתֵ֖ינוּ לְךָ֥ חָטָֽאנוּ׃", "text": "If-*ʿăwōnênû* *ʿānû* against-us, *YHWH* *ʿăśēh* for-sake *šəmeḵā* for-*rabbû* *məšûḇōṯênû* to-you *ḥāṭāʾnû*", "grammar": { "*ʿăwōnênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our iniquities", "*ʿānû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they testify/answer", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʿăśēh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - do/act", "*šəmeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name", "*rabbû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they are many/have multiplied", "*məšûḇōṯênû*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our backslidings/apostasies", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "qal perfect, 1st plural - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*ʿăwōnênû*": "our iniquities/sins/guilt", "*ʿānû*": "testify against/answer/respond", "*məšûḇōṯênû*": "our backslidings/apostasies/rebellions/turnings away" } }
  • Hos 5:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Hosea.5.5", "source": "וְעָנָ֥ה גְאֽוֹן־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּפָנָ֑יו וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל וְאֶפְרַ֗יִם יִכָּֽשְׁלוּ֙ בַּעֲוֺנָ֔ם כָּשַׁ֥ל גַּם־יְהוּדָ֖ה עִמָּֽם׃", "text": "*Wə*-*ʿānâ* *ḡəʾôn*-*Yiśrāʾēl* in-face-his, *wə*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *wə*-*ʾEp̄rayim* *yikkāšəlû* in-*ʿăwōnām*, *kāšal* also-*Yəhûḏâ* with-them.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿānâ*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - testifies/answers", "*ḡəʾôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - pride of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yikkāšəlû*": "imperfect, niphal, 3rd person masculine plural - they will stumble/fall", "*ʿăwōnām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity", "*kāšal*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has stumbled/fallen", "*Yəhûḏâ*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*ʿānâ*": "testifies/answers/responds/witnesses against", "*ḡəʾôn*": "pride/arrogance/majesty/excellency", "*yikkāšəlû*": "they will stumble/they will fall/they will stagger", "*ʿăwōnām*": "their iniquity/their guilt/their sin", "*kāšal*": "has stumbled/has fallen/has tottered" } }
  • Hos 7:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Hosea.7.10", "source": "וְעָנָ֥ה גְאֽוֹן־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּפָנָ֑יו וְלֹֽא־שָׁ֙בוּ֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א בִקְשֻׁ֖הוּ בְּכָל־זֹֽאת׃", "text": "*wə*-*ʿānâ* *ḡəʾôn*-*yiśrāʾēl* in *pānāyw* *wə*-*lōʾ*-*šāḇû* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêhem* *wə*-*lōʾ* *ḇiqšuhû* in all-this.", "grammar": { "*wə*-*ʿānâ*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and testifies", "*ḡəʾôn*-*yiśrāʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - pride of Israel", "*pānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix with prefix *bə* - in his face", "*wə*-*lōʾ*-*šāḇû*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal perfect 3rd plural - and they have not returned", "*YHWH*": "proper noun with prefix *ʾel* - to YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God", "*wə*-*lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ḇiqšuhû*": "piel perfect 3rd plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they have sought him", "*bəḵāl*-*zōʾṯ*": "preposition + noun + demonstrative pronoun - in all this" }, "variants": { "*ʿānâ*": "testifies/answers/responds", "*ḡəʾôn*": "pride/arrogance/excellency", "*šāḇû*": "returned/turned back/repented", "*ḇiqšuhû*": "sought him/searched for him/inquired of him" } }
  • Matt 23:32-33 : 32 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.32", "source": "Καὶ ὑμεῖς πληρώσατε τὸ μέτρον τῶν πατέρων ὑμῶν.", "text": "And you *plērōsate* the *metron* of-the *paterōn* of-you.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*hymeis*": "nominative, plural - you (emphatic, subject)", "*plērōsate*": "aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person plural - fill up!", "*metron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - measure", "*paterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of fathers/ancestors", "*hymōn*": "genitive, plural - of you" }, "variants": { "*plērōsate*": "fill up/complete/fulfill! (can be understood as imperative or predictive)", "*metron*": "measure/limit/standard", "*paterōn*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } } 33 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.33", "source": "Ὄφεις, γεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν, πῶς φύγητε ἀπὸ τῆς κρίσεως τῆς γεέννης;", "text": "*Opheis*, *gennēmata* *echidnōn*, how *phygēte* from the *kriseōs* of-the *geennēs*?", "grammar": { "*Opheis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - serpents (direct address)", "*gennēmata*": "vocative, neuter, plural - offspring/brood (direct address)", "*echidnōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of vipers", "*pōs*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*phygēte*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you might escape/flee", "*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*kriseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of judgment", "*geennēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of Gehenna/hell" }, "variants": { "*Opheis*": "serpents/snakes", "*gennēmata*": "offspring/brood/children", "*echidnōn*": "of vipers/poisonous snakes", "*phygēte*": "escape/flee/avoid", "*kriseōs*": "judgment/condemnation/sentence", "*geennēs*": "Gehenna/hell/place of punishment" } }
  • Rom 3:19-20 : 19 { "verseID": "Romans.3.19", "source": "Οἴδαμεν δὲ ὅτι ὅσα ὁ νόμος λέγει, τοῖς ἐν τῷ νόμῳ λαλεῖ: ἵνα πᾶν στόμα φραγῇ, καὶ ὑπόδικος γένηται πᾶς ὁ κόσμος τῷ Θεῷ.", "text": "*Oidamen de hoti hosa ho nomos legei*, *tois en tō nomō lalei*: *hina pan stoma phragē*, *kai hypodikos genētai pas ho kosmos tō Theō*.", "grammar": { "*Oidamen*": "verb, perfect active, 1st person plural - we know", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*hosa*": "correlative pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural - whatever things", "*ho nomos*": "article + noun, nominative, masculine, singular - the law", "*legei*": "verb, present active, 3rd person singular - says/speaks", "*tois en tō nomō*": "article + preposition + article + noun, dative, masculine, singular - to those in the law", "*lalei*": "verb, present active, 3rd person singular - speaks/says", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*pan stoma*": "adjective + noun, nominative, neuter, singular - every mouth", "*phragē*": "verb, aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be stopped", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*hypodikos*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - accountable/liable", "*genētai*": "verb, aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might become", "*pas ho kosmos*": "adjective + article + noun, nominative, masculine, singular - all the world", "*tō Theō*": "article + noun, dative, masculine, singular - to God" }, "variants": { "*Oidamen*": "we know/we understand/we are aware", "*nomos*": "law/Torah/legal system", "*lalei*": "speaks to/addresses/communicates with", "*phragē*": "might be stopped/might be silenced/might be shut", "*hypodikos*": "accountable/guilty/answerable/liable to judgment", "*kosmos*": "world/universe/humankind" } } 20 { "verseID": "Romans.3.20", "source": "Διότι ἐξ ἔργων νόμου οὐ δικαιωθήσεται πᾶσα σὰρξ ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ: διὰ γὰρ νόμου ἐπίγνωσις ἁμαρτίας.", "text": "*Dioti ex ergōn nomou ou dikaiōthēsetai pasa sarx enōpion autou*: *dia gar nomou epignōsis hamartias*.", "grammar": { "*Dioti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*ex ergōn*": "preposition + noun, genitive, neuter, plural - from works/by works", "*nomou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of law", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*dikaiōthēsetai*": "verb, future passive, 3rd person singular - will be justified", "*pasa sarx*": "adjective + noun, nominative, feminine, singular - all flesh", "*enōpion*": "preposition + genitive - before/in sight of", "*autou*": "pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*dia*": "preposition + genitive - through", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*nomou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of law", "*epignōsis*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - knowledge/recognition", "*hamartias*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - of sin" }, "variants": { "*Dioti*": "because/therefore/for this reason", "*ergōn nomou*": "works of law/deeds required by law/Torah observance", "*dikaiōthēsetai*": "will be justified/will be declared righteous/will be acquitted", "*pasa sarx*": "all flesh/every human being/all humanity", "*enōpion*": "before/in the sight of/in the presence of", "*epignōsis*": "knowledge/full knowledge/recognition/awareness" } }
  • 1 Thess 2:15-16 : 15 { "verseID": "1 Thessalonians.2.15", "source": "Τῶν Καὶ τὸν Κύριον ἀποκτεινάντων Ἰησοῦν, καὶ τοὺς ἰδίους προφήτας, καὶ ἡμᾶς ἐκδιωξάντων· καὶ Θεῷ μὴ ἀρεσκόντων, καὶ πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ἐναντίων:", "text": "The ones *Kai* the *Kyrion* having *apokteinantōn* *Iēsoun*, *kai* the *idious* *prophētas*, *kai* us having *ekdiōxantōn*; *kai* *Theō* not *areskontōn*, *kai* to all *anthrōpois* *enantiōn*:", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and/also/even", "*Kyrion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*apokteinantōn*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having killed", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*idious*": "accusative, masculine, plural - their own", "*prophētas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - prophets", "*ekdiōxantōn*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having driven out/persecuted", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God", "*areskontōn*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - pleasing", "*anthrōpois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to men/people", "*enantiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - contrary/hostile" }, "variants": { "*apokteinantōn*": "having killed/put to death", "*ekdiōxantōn*": "having driven out/persecuted/expelled", "*areskontōn*": "pleasing/seeking to please", "*enantiōn*": "contrary/hostile/opposed" } } 16 { "verseID": "1 Thessalonians.2.16", "source": "Κωλυόντων ἡμᾶς τοῖς Ἔθνεσιν λαλῆσαι ἵνα σωθῶσιν, εἰς τὸ ἀναπληρῶσαι αὐτῶν τὰς ἁμαρτίας πάντοτε: ἔφθασεν δὲ ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς ἡ ὀργὴ εἰς τέλος.", "text": "*Kōlyontōn* us to the *Ethnesin* to *lalēsai* *hina* they might be *sōthōsin*, to the *anaplērōsai* of them the *hamartias* *pantote*: *ephthasen* *de* upon them the *orgē* to *telos*.", "grammar": { "*Kōlyontōn*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - hindering/forbidding", "*Ethnesin*": "dative, neuter, plural - to Gentiles/nations", "*lalēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to speak", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*sōthōsin*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they might be saved", "*anaplērōsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to fill up/complete", "*hamartias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - sins", "*pantote*": "adverb - always/at all times", "*ephthasen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - came/has come", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*orgē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wrath/anger", "*telos*": "accusative, neuter, singular - end/uttermost" }, "variants": { "*Kōlyontōn*": "hindering/forbidding/preventing", "*Ethnesin*": "Gentiles/nations/peoples", "*sōthōsin*": "they might be saved/rescued", "*anaplērōsai*": "to fill up/complete/fulfill", "*ephthasen*": "came/has come/overtook", "*orgē*": "wrath/anger", "*telos*": "end/uttermost/completely" } }
  • Ezek 5:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.5.6", "source": "וַתֶּ֨מֶר אֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֤י לְרִשְׁעָה֙ מִן־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם וְאֶ֨ת־חֻקּוֹתַ֔י מִן־הָאֲרָצ֖וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר סְבִיבוֹתֶ֑יהָ כִּ֤י בְמִשְׁפָּטַי֙ מָאָ֔סוּ וְחֻקּוֹתַ֖י לֹא־הָלְכ֥וּ בָהֶֽם׃", "text": "wa-*temer* *ʾet-mišpāṭay* *lərišʿāh* *min-ha-gôyim* wə-*ʾet-ḥuqqôtay* *min-hā-ʾărāṣôt* *ʾăšer* *səbîbôteyhā* *kî* *bə-mišpāṭay* *māʾāsû* wə-*ḥuqqôtay* *lōʾ-hālkû* *bāhem*", "grammar": { "wa-*temer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she rebelled", "*ʾet-mišpāṭay*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - my judgments", "*lərišʿāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - to wickedness", "*min-ha-gôyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - more than the nations", "wə-*ʾet-ḥuqqôtay*": "conjunction + direct object marker + feminine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my statutes", "*min-hā-ʾărāṣôt*": "preposition + definite article + feminine plural noun - more than the lands", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*səbîbôteyhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - around her", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bə-mišpāṭay*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - in my judgments", "*māʾāsû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they rejected", "wə-*ḥuqqôtay*": "conjunction + feminine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my statutes", "*lōʾ-hālkû*": "negative particle + qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they did not walk", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them" }, "variants": { "*temer*": "rebelled/exchanged/altered (possibly from מור)", "*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments/ordinances/laws", "*ḥuqqôtay*": "my statutes/decrees/ordinances", "*māʾāsû*": "rejected/refused/despised", "*hālkû bāhem*": "walked in them/followed them/observed them" } }
  • Ezek 7:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.7.23", "source": "עֲשֵׂ֖ה הָֽרַתּ֑וֹק כִּ֣י הָאָ֗רֶץ מָֽלְאָה֙ מִשְׁפַּ֣ט דָּמִ֔ים וְהָעִ֖יר מָלְאָ֥ה חָמָֽס׃", "text": "*ʿăśēh* *hā-rattôq* *kî* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *mālěʾāh* *mišpaṭ* *dāmîm* *wə-hā-ʿîr* *mālěʾāh* *ḥāmās*", "grammar": { "*ʿăśēh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - make", "*hā-rattôq*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the chain", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*mālěʾāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is full of", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment of", "*dāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - bloods/bloodshed", "*wə-hā-ʿîr*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the city", "*mālěʾāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is full of", "*ḥāmās*": "noun, masculine singular - violence" }, "variants": { "*ʿăśēh*": "make/do/fashion", "*rattôq*": "chain/fetter/bond", "*mišpaṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision", "*dāmîm*": "bloods/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/cruelty" } }
  • Ezek 8:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.8.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י בֶּן־אָדָ֖ם חֲתָר־נָ֣א בַקִּ֑יר וָאֶחְתֹּ֣ר בַּקִּ֔יר וְהִנֵּ֖ה פֶּ֥תַח אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to me, *ben*-*ʾādām*, *ḥătār*-*nāʾ* in the *qîr*; and *wāʾeḥtōr* in the *qîr*, and *hinnēh* *petaḥ* *ʾeḥād*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect - and he said", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct noun - son of", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun - man/mankind", "*ḥătār*": "masculine singular qal imperative - dig through", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*qîr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the wall", "*wāʾeḥtōr*": "waw-consecutive with 1st person singular qal imperfect - and I dug through", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*petaḥ*": "masculine singular construct noun - entrance of", "*ʾeḥād*": "masculine singular cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*ben*-*ʾādām*": "son of man/mortal human", "*ḥătār*": "dig through/break through/tunnel", "*petaḥ*": "entrance/doorway/opening" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.8.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אֵלָ֑י בֹּ֤א וּרְאֵה֙ אֶת־הַתּוֹעֵב֣וֹת הָרָע֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֛ר הֵ֥ם עֹשִׂ֖ים פֹּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to me, *bōʾ* and *rəʾēh* *ʾet*-the *tôʿēbôt* the *rāʿôt* which they *ʿōśîm* here.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect - and he said", "*bōʾ*": "masculine singular qal imperative - come/go", "*rəʾēh*": "masculine singular qal imperative - see", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*tôʿēbôt*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the abominations", "*rāʿôt*": "feminine plural adjective with definite article - the evil", "*ʿōśîm*": "masculine plural qal participle - doing/making" }, "variants": { "*bōʾ*": "come/go/enter", "*tôʿēbôt*": "abominations/detestable acts", "*rāʿôt*": "evil/wicked/harmful", "*ʿōśîm*": "doing/making/practicing" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.8.10", "source": "וָאָבוֹא֮ וָֽאֶרְאֶה֒ וְהִנֵּ֨ה כָל־תַּבְנִ֜ית רֶ֤מֶשׂ וּבְהֵמָה֙ שֶׁ֔קֶץ וְכָל־גִּלּוּלֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מְחֻקֶּ֥ה עַל־הַקִּ֖יר סָבִ֥יב ׀ סָבִֽיב׃", "text": "And *wāʾābôʾ* and *wāʾerʾeh*, and *hinnēh* all-*tabnît* *remeś* and *bəhēmâ* *šeqeṣ* and all-*gillûlê* *bêt* *yiśrāʾēl* *məḥuqqeh* upon-the *qîr* *sābîb* *sābîb*.", "grammar": { "*wāʾābôʾ*": "waw-consecutive with 1st person singular qal imperfect - and I entered", "*wāʾerʾeh*": "waw-consecutive with 1st person singular qal imperfect - and I saw", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*tabnît*": "feminine singular construct noun - form/likeness of", "*remeś*": "masculine singular noun - creeping thing", "*bəhēmâ*": "feminine singular noun - beast/animal/cattle", "*šeqeṣ*": "masculine singular noun - detestable thing", "*gillûlê*": "masculine plural construct noun - idols of", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*məḥuqqeh*": "masculine singular pual participle - portrayed/engraved", "*qîr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the wall", "*sābîb*": "adverb, repeated - all around/round about" }, "variants": { "*tabnît*": "form/likeness/figure/image", "*remeś*": "creeping thing/reptile/crawling creature", "*bəhēmâ*": "beast/animal/cattle", "*šeqeṣ*": "detestable thing/abomination", "*gillûlê*": "idols/carved images (lit: dung pellets)", "*məḥuqqeh*": "portrayed/engraved/carved" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.8.11", "source": "וְשִׁבְעִ֣ים אִ֣ישׁ מִזִּקְנֵ֣י בֵֽית־יִ֠שְׂרָאֵל וְיַאֲזַנְיָ֨הוּ בֶן־שָׁפָ֜ן עֹמֵ֤ד בְּתוֹכָם֙ עֹמְדִ֣ים לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם וְאִ֥ישׁ מִקְטַרְתּ֖וֹ בְּיָד֑וֹ וַעֲתַ֥ר עֲנַֽן־הַקְּטֹ֖רֶת עֹלֶֽה׃", "text": "And *šibʿîm* *ʾîš* from *ziqnê* *bêt*-*yiśrāʾēl* and *yaʾăzanyāhû* *ben*-*šāpān* *ʿōmēd* in *tôkām* *ʿōmədîm* before them, and *ʾîš* *miqṭartô* in *yādô*; and *ʿătar* *ʿănan*-the *qəṭōret* *ʿōleh*.", "grammar": { "*šibʿîm*": "cardinal number - seventy", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*ziqnê*": "masculine plural construct noun - elders of", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yaʾăzanyāhû*": "proper noun - Jaazaniah", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct noun - son of", "*šāpān*": "proper noun - Shaphan", "*ʿōmēd*": "masculine singular qal participle - standing", "*tôkām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their midst", "*ʿōmədîm*": "masculine plural qal participle - standing", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man", "*miqṭartô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his censer", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*ʿătar*": "masculine singular construct noun - abundance of", "*ʿănan*": "masculine singular construct noun - cloud of", "*qəṭōret*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the incense", "*ʿōleh*": "masculine singular qal participle - rising/ascending" }, "variants": { "*ziqnê*": "elders/old men", "*ʿōmēd*": "standing/positioned", "*tôkām*": "their midst/among them", "*miqṭartô*": "his censer/incense burner", "*ʿătar*": "abundance/cloud/thickness", "*ʿănan*": "cloud/smoke", "*qəṭōret*": "incense/smoke", "*ʿōleh*": "rising/ascending/going up" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.8.12", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַי֮ הֲרָאִ֣יתָ בֶן־אָדָם֒ אֲשֶׁ֨ר זִקְנֵ֤י בֵֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ עֹשִׂ֣ים בַּחֹ֔שֶׁךְ אִ֖ישׁ בְּחַדְרֵ֣י מַשְׂכִּית֑וֹ כִּ֣י אֹמְרִ֗ים אֵ֤ין יְהוָה֙ רֹאֶ֣ה אֹתָ֔נוּ עָזַ֥ב יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to me, *hărāʾîtā* *ben*-*ʾādām*, which *ziqnê* *bêt*-*yiśrāʾēl* *ʿōśîm* in the *ḥōšek*, *ʾîš* in *ḥadrê* *maśkîtô*; for *ʾōmərîm*, not *YHWH* *rōʾeh* us, *ʿāzab* *YHWH* *ʾet*-the *ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect - and he said", "*hărāʾîtā*": "interrogative particle with 2nd masculine singular qal perfect - have you seen?", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct noun - son of", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun - man/mankind", "*ziqnê*": "masculine plural construct noun - elders of", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿōśîm*": "masculine plural qal participle - doing", "*ḥōšek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the darkness", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man", "*ḥadrê*": "masculine plural construct noun - chambers of", "*maśkîtô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his carved image/imagination", "*ʾōmərîm*": "masculine plural qal participle - saying", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*rōʾeh*": "masculine singular qal participle - seeing", "*ʿāzab*": "3rd masculine singular qal perfect - has forsaken/abandoned", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land" }, "variants": { "*ben*-*ʾādām*": "son of man/mortal human", "*ziqnê*": "elders/old men", "*ḥōšek*": "darkness/secrecy", "*ḥadrê*": "chambers/rooms/inner rooms", "*maśkîtô*": "his carved image/imagination/inner chamber", "*ʿāzab*": "forsaken/abandoned/left" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.8.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אֵלָ֑י ע֣וֹד תָּשׁ֥וּב תִּרְאֶ֛ה תּוֹעֵב֥וֹת גְּדֹל֖וֹת אֲשֶׁר־הֵ֥מָּה עֹשִֽׂים׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to me, yet *tāšûb* *tirʾeh* *tôʿēbôt* *gədōlôt* which-they *ʿōśîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect - and he said", "*tāšûb*": "2nd masculine singular qal imperfect - you will return/again", "*tirʾeh*": "2nd masculine singular qal imperfect - you will see", "*tôʿēbôt*": "feminine plural construct noun - abominations of", "*gədōlôt*": "feminine plural adjective - great", "*ʿōśîm*": "masculine plural qal participle - doing/making" }, "variants": { "*tāšûb*": "you will return/again/continue to", "*tôʿēbôt*": "abominations/detestable things", "*ʿōśîm*": "doing/making/practicing" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.8.14", "source": "וַיָּבֵ֣א אֹתִ֗י אֶל־פֶּ֙תַח֙ שַׁ֣עַר בֵּית־יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֶל־הַצָּפ֑וֹנָה וְהִנֵּה־שָׁם֙ הַנָּשִׁ֣ים יֹֽשְׁב֔וֹת מְבַכּ֖וֹת אֶת־הַתַּמּֽוּז׃ ס", "text": "And *wayyābēʾ* *ʾōtî* to-*petaḥ* *šaʿar* *bêt*-*YHWH* which to-the *ṣāpônâ*; and *hinnēh*-there the *nāšîm* *yōšəbôt* *məbakkôt* *ʾet*-the *tammûz*.", "grammar": { "*wayyābēʾ*": "waw-consecutive with 3rd masculine singular hiphil imperfect - and he brought", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1st singular suffix - me", "*petaḥ*": "masculine singular construct noun - entrance of", "*šaʿar*": "masculine singular construct noun - gate of", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ṣāpônâ*": "feminine singular noun with directional heh and definite article - the north", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*nāšîm*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the women", "*yōšəbôt*": "feminine plural qal participle - sitting", "*məbakkôt*": "feminine plural piel participle - weeping for/lamenting", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*tammûz*": "proper noun with definite article - the Tammuz" }, "variants": { "*petaḥ*": "entrance/doorway/opening", "*šaʿar*": "gate/entrance", "*bêt*-*YHWH*": "house of Yahweh/temple", "*yōšəbôt*": "sitting/dwelling", "*məbakkôt*": "weeping for/lamenting/mourning", "*tammûz*": "Tammuz (deity name)" } } 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.8.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֵלַ֖י הֲרָאִ֣יתָ בֶן־אָדָ֑ם ע֣וֹד תָּשׁ֥וּב תִּרְאֶ֛ה תּוֹעֵב֥וֹת גְּדֹל֖וֹת מֵאֵֽלֶה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to-me *hărāʾîtā* *ben-ʾādām*; yet *tāšûb* *tirʾeh* *tôʿēbôt* *gĕdōlôt* than-these.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*hărāʾîtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - have you seen", "*ben-ʾādām*": "construct form - son of man", "*tāšûb*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will return/again", "*tirʾeh*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will see", "*tôʿēbôt*": "feminine plural noun - abominations", "*gĕdōlôt*": "feminine plural adjective - great" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke/commanded", "*hărāʾîtā*": "have you seen/observed/noticed", "*ben-ʾādām*": "son of man/human/Adam (as title for prophet)", "*tāšûb*": "you will return/again/continue", "*tirʾeh*": "you will see/behold/perceive", "*tôʿēbôt*": "abominations/detestable things/offensive practices", "*gĕdōlôt*": "great/large/significant" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.8.16", "source": "וַיָּבֵ֣א אֹתִ֗י אֶל־חֲצַ֣ר בֵּית־יְהוָה֮ הַפְּנִימִית֒ וְהִנֵּה־פֶ֜תַח הֵיכַ֣ל יְהוָ֗ה בֵּ֤ין הָֽאוּלָם֙ וּבֵ֣ין הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ כְּעֶשְׂרִ֥ים וַחֲמִשָּׁ֖ה אִ֑ישׁ אֲחֹ֨רֵיהֶ֜ם אֶל־הֵיכַ֤ל יְהוָה֙ וּפְנֵיהֶ֣ם קֵ֔דְמָה וְהֵ֛מָּה מִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֥ם קֵ֖דְמָה לַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃", "text": "And *wayyābēʾ* me to *ḥăṣar* *bêt-YHWH* *happĕnîmît* and-*wĕhinnēh* *petaḥ* *hêkal* *YHWH* between *hāʾûlām* and-between *hammizbēaḥ* about-twenty and-five *ʾîš*; *ʾăḥōrêhem* toward *hêkal* *YHWH* and-*pĕnêhem* *qēdĕmāh* and-they *mištaḥăwîtem* *qēdĕmāh* to-the-*šāmeš*.", "grammar": { "*wayyābēʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he brought", "*ḥăṣar*": "construct form - court of", "*bêt-YHWH*": "construct form - house of YHWH", "*happĕnîmît*": "definite feminine singular adjective - the inner", "*wĕhinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*petaḥ*": "construct form - entrance of", "*hêkal*": "construct form - temple/palace of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*hāʾûlām*": "definite masculine singular noun - the porch/vestibule", "*hammizbēaḥ*": "definite masculine singular noun - the altar", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/men", "*ʾăḥōrêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their backs", "*pĕnêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their faces", "*qēdĕmāh*": "feminine singular noun with directional he - eastward", "*mištaḥăwîtem*": "Hishtaphel participle masculine plural - bowing down/worshiping", "*šāmeš*": "definite feminine singular noun - the sun" }, "variants": { "*wayyābēʾ*": "and he brought/led/caused to enter", "*ḥăṣar*": "court/enclosure/yard", "*bêt-YHWH*": "house of YHWH/temple", "*happĕnîmît*": "the inner/interior/inside", "*wĕhinnēh*": "and behold/look/see", "*petaḥ*": "entrance/doorway/opening", "*hêkal*": "temple/palace/main hall", "*hāʾûlām*": "the porch/vestibule/entrance hall", "*hammizbēaḥ*": "the altar/place of sacrifice", "*ʾîš*": "man/men/person", "*ʾăḥōrêhem*": "their backs/rear", "*pĕnêhem*": "their faces/presence", "*qēdĕmāh*": "eastward/toward the east", "*mištaḥăwîtem*": "bowing down/worshiping/prostrating themselves", "*šāmeš*": "the sun/sunlight/sunrise" } }
  • Ezek 16:51-52 : 51 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.51", "source": "וְשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן כַּחֲצִ֥י חַטֹּאתַ֖יִךְ לֹ֣א חָטָ֑אָה וַתַּרְבִּ֤י אֶת־תּוֹעֲבוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ מֵהֵ֔נָּה וַתְּצַדְּקִי֙ אֶת־אֲחוֹתַ֔יִךְ בְּכָל־תּוֹעֲבוֹתַ֖יִךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִֽׂית׃", "text": "And *šōmrôn* like half *ḥaṭṭōʾtayik* not *ḥāṭāʾāh*; and *wattarbî* *ʾet-tôʿăbôtayik* more than *mēhēnnāh*, and *watṣaddĕqî* *ʾet-ʾăḥôtayik* in all *tôʿăbôtayik* which *ʿāśît*.", "grammar": { "*šōmrôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtayik*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sins", "*ḥāṭāʾāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she sinned", "*wattarbî*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you multiplied/increased", "*ʾet-tôʿăbôtayik*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your abominations", "*mēhēnnāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine plural pronoun - more than them", "*watṣaddĕqî*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you justified/made righteous", "*ʾet-ʾăḥôtayik*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sisters", "*tôʿăbôtayik*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your abominations", "*ʿāśît*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did/committed" }, "variants": { "*šōmrôn*": "Samaria (capital of Northern Kingdom of Israel)", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtayik*": "your sins/offenses/transgressions", "*wattarbî*": "you increased/multiplied/made abundant", "*tôʿăbôtayik*": "your abominations/detestable acts/repulsive deeds", "*watṣaddĕqî*": "you made to appear righteous/justified/vindicated", "*ʾăḥôtayik*": "your sisters (metaphorical for other cities/nations)" } } 52 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.52", "source": "גַּם־אַ֣תְּ ׀ שְׂאִ֣י כְלִמָּתֵ֗ךְ אֲשֶׁ֤ר פִּלַּלְתְּ֙ לַֽאֲחוֹתֵ֔ךְ בְּחַטֹּאתַ֛יִךְ אֲשֶׁר־הִתְעַ֥בְתְּ מֵהֵ֖ן תִּצְדַּ֣קְנָה מִמֵּ֑ךְ וְגַם־אַ֥תְּ בּ֙וֹשִׁי֙ וּשְׂאִ֣י כְלִמָּתֵ֔ךְ בְּצַדֶּקְתֵּ֖ךְ אַחְיוֹתֵֽךְ׃", "text": "Also *gam-ʾatt* *śĕʾî* *kĕlimmātēk* which *pillalt* to *laʾăḥôtēk* in *bĕḥaṭṭōʾtayik* which *hitʿabt* more than *mēhēn* *tiṣdaqnāh* from *mimmēk*; and also *wĕgam-ʾatt* *bôšî* and *ûśĕʾî* *kĕlimmātēk* in *bĕṣaddĕqtēk* *ʾaḥyôtēk*.", "grammar": { "*gam-ʾatt*": "particle + 2nd feminine singular pronoun - also you", "*śĕʾî*": "imperative, 2nd feminine singular - bear/carry", "*kĕlimmātēk*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your shame/disgrace", "*pillalt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you judged/decided/interceded", "*laʾăḥôtēk*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for your sisters", "*bĕḥaṭṭōʾtayik*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in/by your sins", "*hitʿabt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular, Hithpael - you committed abominations", "*mēhēn*": "preposition + 3rd feminine plural pronoun - more than them", "*tiṣdaqnāh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they are more righteous", "*mimmēk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - than you", "*wĕgam-ʾatt*": "conjunction + particle + 2nd feminine singular pronoun - and also you", "*bôšî*": "imperative, 2nd feminine singular - be ashamed/embarrassed", "*ûśĕʾî*": "conjunction + imperative, 2nd feminine singular - and bear/carry", "*bĕṣaddĕqtēk*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Piel + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your justifying", "*ʾaḥyôtēk*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sisters" }, "variants": { "*śĕʾî*": "bear/carry/lift/endure", "*kĕlimmātēk*": "your shame/disgrace/humiliation", "*pillalt*": "you judged/decided/mediated/interceded", "*hitʿabt*": "you committed abominations/acted abominably", "*tiṣdaqnāh*": "they are more righteous/justified/vindicated", "*bôšî*": "be ashamed/embarrassed/disgraced", "*bĕṣaddĕqtēk*": "in your justifying/making righteous/vindicating" } }
  • Ezek 22:2-9 : 2 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.2", "source": "וְאַתָּ֣ה בֶן־אָדָ֔ם הֲתִשְׁפֹּ֥ט הֲתִשְׁפֹּ֖ט אֶת־עִ֣יר הַדָּמִ֑ים וְה֣וֹדַעְתָּ֔הּ אֵ֖ת כָּל־תּוֹעֲבוֹתֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And you *ben*-*ʾādām*, will you *tišpōṭ* will you *tišpōṭ* *ʾēt*-*ʿîr* the *dāmîm*, and you shall *hôdaʿtāh* *ʾēt* all-*tôʿăḇôteyhā*", "grammar": { "*ben*": "construct form, masculine singular noun - 'son of'", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun - 'man/mankind/Adam'", "*tišpōṭ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - 'judge/govern'", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular noun - 'city'", "*dāmîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - 'bloods'", "*hôdaʿtāh*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'cause to know/make known to her'", "*tôʿăḇôteyhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her abominations'" }, "variants": { "*tišpōṭ*": "judge/bring to judgment/pronounce sentence", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*dāmîm*": "bloods/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*tôʿăḇôteyhā*": "her abominations/detestable acts/abhorrent practices" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.3", "source": "וְאָמַרְתָּ֗ כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה עִ֣יר שֹׁפֶ֥כֶת דָּ֛ם בְּתוֹכָ֖הּ לָב֣וֹא עִתָּ֑הּ וְעָשְׂתָ֧ה גִלּוּלִ֛ים עָלֶ֖יהָ לְטָמְאָֽה׃", "text": "And you shall *ʾāmartā*, thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*, *ʿîr* *šōp̄eḵet* *dām* in *tôḵāh* for *lāḇôʾ* her *ʿitāh*; and she has *ʿāśəṯāh* *gillûlîm* against her *ləṭāməʾāh*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - 'you said/you will say'", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he said'", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st plural suffix as divine title - 'my Lord'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular noun - 'city'", "*šōp̄eḵet*": "qal participle, feminine singular - 'shedding/pouring out'", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - 'blood'", "*tôḵāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her midst'", "*lāḇôʾ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - 'to come'", "*ʿitāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her time'", "*ʿāśəṯāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'she made/she has made'", "*gillûlîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'idols'", "*ləṭāməʾāh*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'to defile herself'" }, "variants": { "*šōp̄eḵet*": "shedding/pouring out/spilling", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*lāḇôʾ*": "to come/to bring about", "*ʿitāh*": "her time/her appointed time/her judgment time", "*gillûlîm*": "idols/idol-blocks/dung-idols", "*ləṭāməʾāh*": "to defile herself/to make herself unclean" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.4", "source": "בְּדָמֵ֨ךְ אֲשֶׁר־שָׁפַ֜כְתְּ אָשַׁ֗מְתְּ וּבְגִלּוּלַ֤יִךְ אֲשֶׁר־עָשִׂית֙ טָמֵ֔את וַתַּקְרִ֣יבִי יָמַ֔יִךְ וַתָּב֖וֹא עַד־שְׁנוֹתָ֑יִךְ עַל־כֵּ֗ן נְתַתִּ֤יךְ חֶרְפָּה֙ לַגּוֹיִ֔ם וְקַלָּסָ֖ה לְכָל־הָאֲרָצֽוֹת׃", "text": "In *dāmēḵ* which you *šāp̄aḵt* you are *ʾāšamt*, and with *gillûlayiḵ* which you *ʿāśîṯ* you are *ṭāmēʾṯ*; and you *taqrîḇî* your *yāmayiḵ*, and you have *tāḇôʾ* unto your *šənôṯāyiḵ*. Upon-thus I have *nəṯattîḵ* *ḥerpāh* to the *gôyim* and *qallāsāh* to all-the *ʾărāṣôṯ*", "grammar": { "*dāmēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your blood'", "*šāp̄aḵt*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you shed/poured out'", "*ʾāšamt*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you are guilty'", "*gillûlayiḵ*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your idols'", "*ʿāśîṯ*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you made'", "*ṭāmēʾṯ*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you are defiled'", "*taqrîḇî*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you brought near'", "*yāmayiḵ*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your days'", "*tāḇôʾ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you came/have come'", "*šənôṯāyiḵ*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your years'", "*nəṯattîḵ*": "qal perfect, 1st singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'I have given/made you'", "*ḥerpāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'reproach/disgrace'", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - 'the nations'", "*qallāsāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'mockery/derision'", "*ʾărāṣôṯ*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - 'the lands'" }, "variants": { "*ʾāšamt*": "guilty/bear guilt/are held guilty", "*ṭāmēʾṯ*": "defiled/made unclean/polluted", "*taqrîḇî*": "brought near/caused to approach/hastened", "*yāmayiḵ*": "your days/your time/your end", "*šənôṯāyiḵ*": "your years/your appointed time", "*ḥerpāh*": "reproach/disgrace/scorn", "*qallāsāh*": "mockery/derision/ridicule" } } 5 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.5", "source": "הַקְּרֹב֛וֹת וְהָרְחֹק֥וֹת מִמֵּ֖ךְ יִתְקַּלְּסוּ־בָ֑ךְ טְמֵאַ֣ת הַשֵּׁ֔ם רַבַּ֖ת הַמְּהוּמָֽה׃", "text": "The *qərōḇôṯ* and the *rəḥōqôṯ* from you *yiṯqalləsû*-at you, *ṭəmēʾaṯ* the *šēm*, *rabbaṯ* the *məhûmāh*", "grammar": { "*qərōḇôṯ*": "feminine plural adjective with definite article - 'those near'", "*rəḥōqôṯ*": "feminine plural adjective with definite article - 'those far'", "*yiṯqalləsû*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd plural - 'they will mock'", "*ṭəmēʾaṯ*": "construct form, feminine singular adjective - 'defiled of'", "*šēm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the name'", "*rabbaṯ*": "construct form, feminine singular adjective - 'full of/great of'", "*məhûmāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the tumult'" }, "variants": { "*qərōḇôṯ*": "those near/neighboring [cities]", "*rəḥōqôṯ*": "those far away/distant [cities]", "*yiṯqalləsû*": "will mock/will deride/will scoff", "*ṭəmēʾaṯ*": "defiled of/unclean of/polluted of", "*šēm*": "name/reputation", "*rabbaṯ*": "abundant in/full of/great in", "*məhûmāh*": "tumult/confusion/turmoil" } } 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.6", "source": "הִנֵּה֙ נְשִׂיאֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אִ֥ישׁ לִזְרֹע֖וֹ הָ֣יוּ בָ֑ךְ לְמַ֖עַן שְׁפָךְ־דָּֽם׃", "text": "Behold, *nəśîʾēy* *Yiśrāʾēl*, *ʾîš* to *zərōʿô* *hāyû* in you, for *ləmaʿan* *šəp̄āḵ*-*dām*", "grammar": { "*nəśîʾēy*": "masculine plural construct noun - 'princes of'", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man/each'", "*zərōʿô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his arm'", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they were'", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + conjunction - 'for the purpose of'", "*šəp̄āḵ*": "qal infinitive construct - 'to shed'", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - 'blood'" }, "variants": { "*nəśîʾēy*": "princes of/rulers of/chiefs of", "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/each person", "*zərōʿô*": "his arm/his power/his strength", "*ləmaʿan*": "for the purpose of/in order to", "*šəp̄āḵ*": "shed/pour out/spill", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/life" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.7", "source": "אָ֤ב וָאֵם֙ הֵקַ֣לּוּ בָ֔ךְ לַגֵּ֛ר עָשׂ֥וּ בַעֹ֖שֶׁק בְּתוֹכֵ֑ךְ יָת֥וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֖ה ה֥וֹנוּ בָֽךְ׃", "text": "*ʾāḇ* and *ʾēm* they *hēqallû* in you, to the *gēr* they *ʿāśû* in *ʿōšeq* in *ṯôḵēḵ*; *yāṯôm* and *ʾalmānāh* they *hônû* in you", "grammar": { "*ʾāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - 'father'", "*ʾēm*": "feminine singular noun - 'mother'", "*hēqallû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they treated lightly/dishonored'", "*gēr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the sojourner'", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they did/made'", "*ʿōšeq*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the oppression'", "*ṯôḵēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your midst'", "*yāṯôm*": "masculine singular noun - 'orphan'", "*ʾalmānāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'widow'", "*hônû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they oppressed/wronged'" }, "variants": { "*hēqallû*": "treated lightly/dishonored/cursed", "*gēr*": "sojourner/alien/foreigner", "*ʿōšeq*": "oppression/extortion/violence", "*hônû*": "oppressed/wronged/defrauded" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.8", "source": "קָדָשַׁ֖י בָּזִ֑ית וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י חִלָּֽלְתְּ׃", "text": "My *qāḏāšay* you have *bāzîṯ* and *ʾeṯ*-my *šabbəṯōṯay* you have *ḥillālt*", "grammar": { "*qāḏāšay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my holy things'", "*bāzîṯ*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you despised'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*šabbəṯōṯay*": "feminine plural noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my sabbaths'", "*ḥillālt*": "piel perfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you profaned'" }, "variants": { "*qāḏāšay*": "my holy things/my sacred things/my sanctuary", "*bāzîṯ*": "despised/scorned/held in contempt", "*šabbəṯōṯay*": "my sabbaths/my rest days", "*ḥillālt*": "profaned/desecrated/violated" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.9", "source": "אַנְשֵׁ֥י רָכִ֛יל הָ֥יוּ בָ֖ךְ לְמַ֣עַן שְׁפָךְ־דָּ֑ם וְאֶל־הֶֽהָרִים֙ אָ֣כְלוּ בָ֔ךְ זִמָּ֖ה עָשׂ֥וּ בְתוֹכֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*ʾanšēy* *rāḵîl* *hāyû* in you for *ləmaʿan* *šəp̄āḵ*-*dām*; and unto-the *hehārîm* they *ʾāḵəlû* in you, *zimmāh* they *ʿāśû* in *ṯôḵēḵ*", "grammar": { "*ʾanšēy*": "masculine plural construct noun - 'men of'", "*rāḵîl*": "masculine singular noun - 'slander'", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they were'", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + conjunction - 'for the purpose of'", "*šəp̄āḵ*": "qal infinitive construct - 'to shed'", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - 'blood'", "*hehārîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - 'the mountains'", "*ʾāḵəlû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they ate'", "*zimmāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'lewdness'", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they did/made'", "*ṯôḵēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your midst'" }, "variants": { "*ʾanšēy* *rāḵîl*": "men of slander/slanderous men/gossips", "*ləmaʿan*": "for the purpose of/in order to", "*šəp̄āḵ*": "shed/pour out/spill", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*hehārîm*": "the mountains/high places (possible reference to pagan shrines)", "*ʾāḵəlû*": "ate/consumed/participated in ritual meals", "*zimmāh*": "lewdness/wickedness/depravity" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.10", "source": "עֶרְוַת־אָ֖ב גִּלָּה־בָ֑ךְ טְמֵאַ֥ת הַנִּדָּ֖ה עִנּוּ־בָֽךְ׃", "text": "*ʿerwaṯ*-*ʾāḇ* *gillāh*-in you; *ṭəmēʾaṯ* the *niddāh* they *ʿinnû*-in you", "grammar": { "*ʿerwaṯ*": "construct feminine singular noun - 'nakedness of'", "*ʾāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - 'father'", "*gillāh*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he uncovered'", "*ṭəmēʾaṯ*": "construct feminine singular adjective - 'unclean of'", "*niddāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the menstruation/impurity'", "*ʿinnû*": "piel perfect, 3rd plural - 'they humbled/violated'" }, "variants": { "*ʿerwaṯ*": "nakedness of/sexual parts of/sexual relations with", "*gillāh*": "uncovered/exposed/violated", "*ṭəmēʾaṯ*": "unclean of/impure of/defiled by", "*niddāh*": "menstruation/impurity/separation", "*ʿinnû*": "humbled/violated/raped/afflicted" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.11", "source": "וְאִ֣ישׁ ׀ אֶת־אֵ֣שֶׁת רֵעֵ֗הוּ עָשָׂה֙ תּֽוֹעֵבָ֔ה וְאִ֥ישׁ אֶת־כַּלָּת֖וֹ טִמֵּ֣א בְזִמָּ֑ה וְאִ֛ישׁ אֶת־אֲחֹת֥וֹ בַת־אָבִ֖יו עִנָּה־בָֽךְ׃", "text": "And *ʾîš* *ʾeṯ*-*ʾēšeṯ* *rēʿēhû* *ʿāśāh* *tôʿēḇāh*, and *ʾîš* *ʾeṯ*-his *kallāṯô* *ṭimmēʾ* in *zimmāh*, and *ʾîš* *ʾeṯ*-his *ʾăḥōṯô* *ḇaṯ*-his *ʾāḇîw* *ʿinnāh*-in you", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man/each'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēšeṯ*": "construct feminine singular noun - 'wife of'", "*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his neighbor'", "*ʿāśāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he did/committed'", "*tôʿēḇāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'abomination'", "*kallāṯô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his daughter-in-law'", "*ṭimmēʾ*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he defiled'", "*zimmāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'lewdness'", "*ʾăḥōṯô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his sister'", "*ḇaṯ*": "construct feminine singular noun - 'daughter of'", "*ʾāḇîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his father'", "*ʿinnāh*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he humbled/violated'" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/some men", "*tôʿēḇāh*": "abomination/detestable act/abhorrent thing", "*ṭimmēʾ*": "defiled/made unclean", "*zimmāh*": "lewdness/depravity/wickedness", "*ʿinnāh*": "humbled/violated/raped/afflicted" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.12", "source": "שֹׁ֥חַד לָֽקְחוּ־בָ֖ךְ לְמַ֣עַן שְׁפָךְ־דָּ֑ם נֶ֧שֶׁךְ וְתַרְבִּ֣ית לָקַ֗חַתְּ וַתְּבַצְּעִ֤י רֵעַ֙יִךְ֙ בַּעֹ֔שֶׁק וְאֹתִ֣י שָׁכַ֔חַתְּ נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃", "text": "*šōḥaḏ* they *lāqəḥû*-in you for *ləmaʿan* *šəp̄āḵ*-*dām*; *nešeḵ* and *tarbîṯ* you *lāqaḥat*, and you *təḇaṣṣəʿî* your *rēʿayiḵ* in the *ʿōšeq*, and me you *šāḵaḥat*, *nəʾum* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*šōḥaḏ*": "masculine singular noun - 'bribe'", "*lāqəḥû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they took'", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + conjunction - 'for the purpose of'", "*šəp̄āḵ*": "qal infinitive construct - 'to shed'", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - 'blood'", "*nešeḵ*": "masculine singular noun - 'interest/usury'", "*tarbîṯ*": "feminine singular noun - 'increase/profit'", "*lāqaḥat*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you took'", "*təḇaṣṣəʿî*": "piel imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you gain/profit'", "*rēʿayiḵ*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your neighbors'", "*ʿōšeq*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the oppression'", "*šāḵaḥat*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you forgot'", "*nəʾum*": "construct masculine singular noun - 'declaration of'", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun with 1st plural suffix as divine title - 'my Lord'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - 'Yahweh/LORD'" }, "variants": { "*šōḥaḏ*": "bribe/gift/payment", "*ləmaʿan*": "for the purpose of/in order to", "*šəp̄āḵ*": "shed/pour out/spill", "*nešeḵ*": "interest/usury/bite", "*tarbîṯ*": "increase/profit/gain", "*təḇaṣṣəʿî*": "gain/profit/extort", "*šāḵaḥat*": "forgot/neglected/disregarded", "*nəʾum*": "declaration of/utterance of/saying of" } }
  • Ezek 22:24-30 : 24 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.24", "source": "בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם אֱמָר־לָ֕הּ אַ֣תְּ אֶ֔רֶץ לֹ֥א מְטֹהָרָ֖ה הִ֑יא לֹ֥א גֻשְׁמָ֖הּ בְּי֥וֹם זָֽעַם׃", "text": "*Ben*-*ʾādām*, *ʾĕmār*-to her, you are *ʾereṣ* not *məṭōhārāh* she; not *ḡušmāh* in *yôm* *zāʿam*", "grammar": { "*ben*": "construct masculine singular noun - 'son of'", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun - 'man/mankind/Adam'", "*ʾĕmār*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - 'say'", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - 'land'", "*məṭōhārāh*": "pual participle, feminine singular - 'being cleansed'", "*ḡušmāh*": "pual perfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'it was rained upon'", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun - 'day'", "*zāʿam*": "masculine singular noun - 'indignation'" }, "variants": { "*məṭōhārāh*": "being cleansed/being purified", "*ḡušmāh*": "was rained upon/received rain", "*zāʿam*": "indignation/wrath/anger" } } 25 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.25", "source": "קֶ֤שֶׁר נְבִיאֶ֙יהָ֙ בְּתוֹכָ֔הּ כַּאֲרִ֥י שׁוֹאֵ֖ג טֹ֣רֵֽף טָ֑רֶף נֶ֣פֶשׁ אָכָ֗לוּ חֹ֤סֶן וִיקָר֙ יִקָּ֔חוּ אַלְמְנוֹתֶ֖יהָ הִרְבּ֥וּ בְתוֹכָֽהּ׃", "text": "*Qešer* her *nəḇîʾeyhā* in *tôḵāh*, like the *ʾărî* *šôʾēḡ* *ṭōrēp̄* *ṭārep̄*; *nep̄eš* they *ʾāḵālû*, *ḥōsen* and *yəqār* they *yiqqāḥû*, her *ʾalmenôṯeyhā* they *hirbû* in *ṯôḵāh*", "grammar": { "*qešer*": "masculine singular noun - 'conspiracy'", "*nəḇîʾeyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her prophets'", "*tôḵāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her midst'", "*ʾărî*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the lion'", "*šôʾēḡ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - 'roaring'", "*ṭōrēp̄*": "qal participle, masculine singular - 'tearing'", "*ṭārep̄*": "masculine singular noun - 'prey'", "*nep̄eš*": "feminine singular noun - 'soul/life'", "*ʾāḵālû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they devoured'", "*ḥōsen*": "masculine singular noun - 'wealth'", "*yəqār*": "masculine singular noun - 'precious thing'", "*yiqqāḥû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd plural - 'they take'", "*ʾalmenôṯeyhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her widows'", "*hirbû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they increased'" }, "variants": { "*qešer*": "conspiracy/plot/alliance", "*šôʾēḡ*": "roaring/growling", "*ṭōrēp̄*": "tearing/rending/ravening", "*nep̄eš*": "soul/life/person", "*ḥōsen*": "wealth/treasure/riches", "*yəqār*": "precious thing/value/splendor", "*hirbû*": "increased/multiplied/made many" } } 26 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.26", "source": "כֹּהֲנֶ֜יהָ חָמְס֣וּ תוֹרָתִי֮ וַיְחַלְּל֣וּ קָדָשַׁי֒ בֵּֽין־קֹ֤דֶשׁ לְחֹל֙ לֹ֣א הִבְדִּ֔ילוּ וּבֵין־הַטָּמֵ֥א לְטָה֖וֹר לֹ֣א הוֹדִ֑יעוּ וּמִשַׁבְּתוֹתַי֙ הֶעְלִ֣ימוּ עֵֽינֵיהֶ֔ם וָאֵחַ֖ל בְּתוֹכָֽם׃", "text": "Her *kōhăneyhā* *ḥāməsû* my *tôrāṯî* and *wayəḥalləlû* my *qāḏāšay*; between-*qōḏeš* to *ḥōl* not they *hiḇdîlû*, and between-the *ṭāmēʾ* to *ṭāhôr* not they *hôḏîʿû*; and from my *šabbəṯôṯay* they *heʿlîmû* their *ʿênêhem*, and I am *ʾēḥal* in *tôḵām*", "grammar": { "*kōhăneyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her priests'", "*ḥāməsû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they did violence to'", "*tôrāṯî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my law'", "*wayəḥalləlû*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd plural - 'they profaned'", "*qāḏāšay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my holy things'", "*qōḏeš*": "masculine singular noun - 'holy'", "*ḥōl*": "masculine singular noun - 'common/profane'", "*hiḇdîlû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they distinguished'", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - 'the unclean'", "*ṭāhôr*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'clean'", "*hôḏîʿû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they made known'", "*šabbəṯôṯay*": "feminine plural noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my sabbaths'", "*heʿlîmû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they hid'", "*ʿênêhem*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their eyes'", "*ʾēḥal*": "niphal imperfect, 1st singular - 'I am profaned'", "*tôḵām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their midst'" }, "variants": { "*ḥāməsû*": "did violence to/violated/treated violently", "*qāḏāšay*": "my holy things/my sacred things/my sanctuary", "*hiḇdîlû*": "distinguished/separated/made a distinction", "*hôḏîʿû*": "made known/taught/informed", "*heʿlîmû*": "hid/concealed/averted", "*ʾēḥal*": "am profaned/am dishonored/am desecrated" } } 27 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.27", "source": "שָׂרֶ֣יהָ בְקִרְבָּ֔הּ כִּזְאֵבִ֖ים טֹ֣רְפֵי טָ֑רֶף לִשְׁפָּךְ־דָּם֙ לְאַבֵּ֣ד נְפָשׁ֔וֹת לְמַ֖עַן בְּצֹ֥עַ בָּֽצַע׃", "text": "Her *śāreyhā* in *qirbāh* like *zəʾēḇîm* *ṭōrəp̄ê* *ṭārep̄*; to *lišpāḵ*-*dām*, to *ʾabbēḏ* *nəp̄āšôṯ*, for *ləmaʿan* *bəṣōaʿ* *bāṣaʿ*", "grammar": { "*śāreyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her princes'", "*qirbāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her midst'", "*zəʾēḇîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'wolves'", "*ṭōrəp̄ê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - 'tearing of'", "*ṭārep̄*": "masculine singular noun - 'prey'", "*lišpāḵ*": "qal infinitive construct - 'to shed'", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - 'blood'", "*ʾabbēḏ*": "piel infinitive construct - 'to destroy'", "*nəp̄āšôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - 'souls/lives'", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + conjunction - 'for the purpose of'", "*bəṣōaʿ*": "qal infinitive construct - 'to gain'", "*bāṣaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - 'profit/gain'" }, "variants": { "*śāreyhā*": "her princes/her officials/her rulers", "*ṭōrəp̄ê*": "tearing of/rending of/ravening", "*ṭārep̄*": "prey/torn flesh", "*ʾabbēḏ*": "to destroy/to cause to perish", "*nəp̄āšôṯ*": "souls/lives/persons", "*bəṣōaʿ* *bāṣaʿ*": "to gain unjust gain/to make dishonest profit" } } 28 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.28", "source": "וּנְבִיאֶ֗יהָ טָח֤וּ לָהֶם֙ תָּפֵ֔ל חֹזִ֣ים שָׁ֔וְא וְקֹסְמִ֥ים לָהֶ֖ם כָּזָ֑ב אֹמְרִ֗ים כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וַֽיהוָ֖ה לֹ֥א דִבֵּֽר׃", "text": "And her *nəḇîʾeyhā* *ṭāḥû* for them *tāp̄ēl*, *ḥōzîm* *šāwəʾ* and *qōsəmîm* for them *kāzāḇ*; *ʾōmərîm*, thus *ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH*, though *YHWH* has not *dibbēr*", "grammar": { "*nəḇîʾeyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her prophets'", "*ṭāḥû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they plastered'", "*tāp̄ēl*": "masculine singular noun - 'whitewash/untempered mortar'", "*ḥōzîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - 'seeing'", "*šāwəʾ*": "masculine singular noun - 'falsehood/vanity'", "*qōsəmîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - 'divining'", "*kāzāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - 'lie'", "*ʾōmərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - 'saying'", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he said'", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun with 1st plural suffix as divine title - 'my Lord'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*dibbēr*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he has spoken'" }, "variants": { "*ṭāḥû*": "plastered/coated/daubed", "*tāp̄ēl*": "whitewash/untempered mortar/plaster", "*šāwəʾ*": "falsehood/vanity/emptiness", "*qōsəmîm*": "divining/practicing divination", "*kāzāḇ*": "lie/falsehood/deception" } } 29 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.29", "source": "עַ֤ם הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ עָ֣שְׁקוּ עֹ֔שֶׁק וְגָזְל֖וּ גָּזֵ֑ל וְעָנִ֤י וְאֶבְיוֹן֙ הוֹנ֔וּ וְאֶת־הַגֵּ֥ר עָשְׁק֖וּ בְּלֹ֥א מִשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "*ʿAm* the *ʾāreṣ* *ʿāšəqû* *ʿōšeq* and *ḡāzəlû* *gāzēl*; and the *ʿānî* and *ʾeḇyôn* they have *hônû*, and *ʾeṯ*-the *gēr* they *ʿāšəqû* without *mišpāṭ*", "grammar": { "*ʿam*": "masculine singular noun - 'people'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the land'", "*ʿāšəqû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they oppressed'", "*ʿōšeq*": "masculine singular noun - 'oppression'", "*ḡāzəlû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they robbed'", "*gāzēl*": "masculine singular noun - 'robbery'", "*ʿānî*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - 'the poor'", "*ʾeḇyôn*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - 'the needy'", "*hônû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they wronged'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*gēr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the sojourner'", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - 'judgment/justice'" }, "variants": { "*ʿam* *ʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people", "*ʿāšəqû* *ʿōšeq*": "oppressed with oppression (idiom for severe oppression)", "*ḡāzəlû* *gāzēl*": "robbed with robbery (idiom for severe robbery)", "*hônû*": "wronged/oppressed/defrauded", "*gēr*": "sojourner/alien/foreigner", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal right" } } 30 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.30", "source": "וָאֲבַקֵּ֣שׁ מֵהֶ֡ם אִ֣ישׁ גֹּֽדֵר־גָּדֵר֩ וְעֹמֵ֨ד בַּפֶּ֧רֶץ לְפָנַ֛י בְּעַ֥ד הָאָ֖רֶץ לְבִלְתִּ֣י שַׁחֲתָ֑הּ וְלֹ֖א מָצָֽאתִי׃", "text": "And I *wāʾăḇaqqēš* from them *ʾîš* *gōḏēr*-*gāḏēr* and *ʿōmēḏ* in the *pereṣ* before me for *bəʿaḏ* the *ʾāreṣ*, for *ləḇiltî* *šaḥăṯāh*; and not I *māṣāʾṯî*", "grammar": { "*wāʾăḇaqqēš*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 1st singular - 'I sought'", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man'", "*gōḏēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - 'one building'", "*gāḏēr*": "masculine singular noun - 'wall'", "*ʿōmēḏ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - 'standing'", "*pereṣ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the breach'", "*bəʿaḏ*": "preposition - 'on behalf of'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the land'", "*ləḇiltî*": "preposition + conjunction - 'so as not to'", "*šaḥăṯāh*": "piel infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'destroy it'", "*māṣāʾṯî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - 'I found'" }, "variants": { "*gōḏēr*-*gāḏēr*": "one building a wall/one who repairs the wall", "*ʿōmēḏ* in the *pereṣ*": "standing in the breach/one who stands in the gap", "*bəʿaḏ*": "on behalf of/for the sake of", "*ləḇiltî*": "so as not to/in order not to" } }
  • Ezek 23:2-9 : 2 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.2", "source": "בֶּן־אָדָ֑ם שְׁתַּ֣יִם נָשִׁ֔ים בְּנ֥וֹת אֵם־אַחַ֖ת הָיֽוּ׃", "text": "*ben*-*ʾādām* *šətayim* *nāšîm* *bənôt* *ʾēm*-*ʾaḥat* *hāyû*", "grammar": { "*ben*-*ʾādām*": "construct singular masculine noun + singular masculine noun - son of man/human", "*šətayim*": "cardinal number feminine dual - two", "*nāšîm*": "plural feminine noun - women", "*bənôt*": "plural feminine construct noun - daughters of", "*ʾēm*-*ʾaḥat*": "singular feminine noun + adjective - one mother", "*hāyû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they were" }, "variants": { "*ben*-*ʾādām*": "son of man/human/mortal", "*nāšîm*": "women/wives" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.3", "source": "וַתִּזְנֶ֣ינָה בְמִצְרַ֔יִם בִּנְעוּרֵיהֶ֖ן זָנ֑וּ שָׁ֚מָּה מֹעֲכ֣וּ שְׁדֵיהֶ֔ן וְשָׁ֣ם עִשּׂ֔וּ דַּדֵּ֖י בְּתוּלֵיהֶֽן׃", "text": "And *wattiznênā* in *miṣrayim* in *binəʿûrêhen* *zānû* there *mōʿăkû* *šədêhen* and there *ʿiśśû* *daddê* *bətûlêhen*", "grammar": { "*wattiznênā*": "3rd plural feminine waw-consecutive imperfect of *zānâ* - and they played the whore/committed fornication", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*binəʿûrêhen*": "preposition + plural noun + 3rd plural feminine suffix - in their youth", "*zānû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect of *zānâ* - they played the whore", "*mōʿăkû*": "3rd plural masculine Qal perfect - they pressed/squeezed/handled", "*šədêhen*": "plural construct noun + 3rd plural feminine suffix - their breasts", "*ʿiśśû*": "3rd plural Piel perfect - they handled/squeezed/pressed", "*daddê*": "plural construct - breasts of", "*bətûlêhen*": "plural noun + 3rd plural feminine suffix - their virginity/maidenhood" }, "variants": { "*zānâ*": "to commit fornication/play the harlot/be unfaithful", "*mōʿăkû*": "to press/handle/squeeze", "*daddê*": "breasts/love/affection", "*bətûlêhen*": "their virginity/maidenhood/youth" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.4", "source": "וּשְׁמוֹתָ֗ן אָהֳלָ֤ה הַגְּדוֹלָה֙ וְאָהֳלִיבָ֣ה אֲחוֹתָ֔הּ וַתִּֽהְיֶ֣ינָה לִ֔י וַתֵּלַ֖דְנָה בָּנִ֣ים וּבָנ֑וֹת וּשְׁמוֹתָ֕ן שֹׁמְר֣וֹן אָהֳלָ֔ה וִירוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם אָהֳלִיבָֽה׃", "text": "And *šəmôtān* *ʾāhŏlâ* *haggədôlâ* and *ʾāhŏlîḇâ* *ʾăḥôtāh* and *wattihyênâ* to me and *wattēladnâ* *bānîm* and *ḇānôt* and *šəmôtān* *šōmərôn* *ʾāhŏlâ* and *yərûšālaim* *ʾāhŏlîḇâ*", "grammar": { "*šəmôtān*": "plural noun + 3rd plural feminine suffix - their names", "*ʾāhŏlâ*": "proper noun - Oholah (lit. 'her tent')", "*haggədôlâ*": "definite article + feminine adjective - the elder/greater", "*ʾāhŏlîḇâ*": "proper noun - Oholibah (lit. 'my tent is in her')", "*ʾăḥôtāh*": "noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister", "*wattihyênâ*": "3rd plural feminine waw-consecutive imperfect of *hāyâ* - and they became", "*wattēladnâ*": "3rd plural feminine waw-consecutive imperfect of *yālad* - and they bore", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons", "*ḇānôt*": "feminine plural noun - daughters", "*šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*ʾāhŏlâ*": "Oholah/her tent", "*ʾāhŏlîḇâ*": "Oholibah/my tent is in her", "*haggədôlâ*": "the elder/greater/older", "*šōmərôn*": "Samaria/watch-mountain" } } 5 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.5", "source": "וַתִּ֥זֶן אָהֳלָ֖ה תַּחְתָּ֑י וַתַּעְגַּב֙ עַֽל־מְאַהֲבֶ֔יהָ אֶל־אַשּׁ֖וּר קְרוֹבִֽים׃", "text": "And *wattizen* *ʾāhŏlâ* *taḥtāy* and *wattaʿgaḇ* *ʿal*-*məʾahăḇêhā* to-*ʾaššûr* *qərôḇîm*", "grammar": { "*wattizen*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *zānâ* - and she played the harlot", "*ʾāhŏlâ*": "proper noun - Oholah", "*taḥtāy*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - under me", "*wattaʿgaḇ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *ʿāgaḇ* - and she lusted after", "*ʿal*-*məʾahăḇêhā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - after/upon her lovers", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*qərôḇîm*": "masculine plural adjective - neighboring/near" }, "variants": { "*taḥtāy*": "under me/while she was mine", "*ʿāgaḇ*": "to lust after/dote upon", "*məʾahăḇêhā*": "lovers/paramours", "*qərôḇîm*": "neighboring/near/approaching/who were close by" } } 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.6", "source": "לְבֻשֵׁ֤י תְכֵ֙לֶת֙ פַּח֣וֹת וּסְגָנִ֔ים בַּח֥וּרֵי חֶ֖מֶד כֻּלָּ֑ם פָּרָשִׁ֕ים רֹכְבֵ֖י סוּסִֽים׃", "text": "*ləḇušê* *təḵēlet* *paḥôt* and *səḡānîm* *baḥûrê* *ḥemed* all of them *pārāšîm* *rōḵəḇê* *sûsîm*", "grammar": { "*ləḇušê*": "masculine plural construct - clothed in/wearing", "*təḵēlet*": "feminine singular noun - blue/purple", "*paḥôt*": "masculine plural noun - governors", "*səḡānîm*": "masculine plural noun - officials/rulers", "*baḥûrê*": "masculine plural construct - young men of", "*ḥemed*": "masculine singular noun - desire/delight", "*pārāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - horsemen", "*rōḵəḇê*": "masculine plural construct participle - riders of", "*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses" }, "variants": { "*təḵēlet*": "blue/purple/violet", "*paḥôt*": "governors/captains/officials", "*səḡānîm*": "prefects/rulers/officials", "*baḥûrê*": "young men/choice men", "*ḥemed*": "desire/desirability/precious" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.7", "source": "וַתִּתֵּ֤ן תַּזְנוּתֶ֙יהָ֙ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם מִבְחַ֥ר בְּנֵֽי־אַשּׁ֖וּר כֻּלָּ֑ם וּבְכֹ֧ל אֲשֶׁר־עֽ͏ָגְבָ֛ה בְּכָל־גִּלּוּלֵיהֶ֖ם נִטְמָֽאָה׃", "text": "And *wattitēn* *taznûtêhā* upon them *miḇḥar* *bənê*-*ʾaššûr* all of them and with all whom *ʿāḡəḇâ* with all-*gillûlêhem* *niṭmāʾâ*", "grammar": { "*wattitēn*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *nātan* - and she gave/bestowed", "*taznûtêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries/prostitutions", "*miḇḥar*": "construct singular - choice of/select", "*bənê*-*ʾaššûr*": "masculine plural construct noun + proper noun - sons of Assyria", "*ʿāḡəḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she lusted after", "*gillûlêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their idols", "*niṭmāʾâ*": "3rd feminine singular Niphal perfect - she was defiled" }, "variants": { "*taznûtêhā*": "her harlotries/prostitutions/fornications", "*miḇḥar*": "choice/select/best", "*gillûlêhem*": "their idols/images/filthy things", "*niṭmāʾâ*": "she was defiled/polluted" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.8", "source": "וְאֶת־תַּזְנוּתֶ֤יהָ מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ לֹ֣א עָזָ֔בָה כִּ֤י אוֹתָהּ֙ שָׁכְב֣וּ בִנְעוּרֶ֔יהָ וְהֵ֥מָּה עִשּׂ֖וּ דַּדֵּ֣י בְתוּלֶ֑יהָ וַיִּשְׁפְּכ֥וּ תַזְנוּתָ֖ם עָלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And *ʾet*-*taznûtêhā* from *miṣrayim* not *ʿāzāḇâ* for *ʾôtāh* *šāḵəḇû* in *ḇinəʿûrêhā* and they *ʿiśśû* *daddê* *ḇətûlêhā* and *wayyišpəḵû* *taznûtām* upon her", "grammar": { "*ʾet*-*taznûtêhā*": "direct object marker + plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʿāzāḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she abandoned/left", "*ʾôtāh*": "direct object + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her/with her", "*šāḵəḇû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they lay/slept with", "*ḇinəʿûrêhā*": "preposition + plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her youth", "*ʿiśśû*": "3rd plural Piel perfect - they handled/pressed", "*daddê*": "plural construct - breasts of", "*ḇətûlêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her virginity/maidenhood", "*wayyišpəḵû*": "3rd plural masculine waw-consecutive imperfect of *šāpaḵ* - and they poured out", "*taznûtām*": "plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fornication" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzāḇâ*": "she left/abandoned/forsook", "*šāḵəḇû*": "they lay with/slept with/had sexual relations with", "*daddê*": "breasts/love/affection", "*šāpaḵ*": "to pour out/spill", "*taznûtām*": "their fornication/harlotry/prostitution" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.9", "source": "לָכֵ֥ן נְתַתִּ֖יהָ בְּיַד־מְאַֽהֲבֶ֑יהָ בְּיַד֙ בְּנֵ֣י אַשּׁ֔וּר אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָגְבָ֖ה עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Therefore *nətattîhā* in *yad*-*məʾahăḇêhā* in *yad* *bənê* *ʾaššûr* whom *ʿāḡəḇâ* upon them", "grammar": { "*nətattîhā*": "1st singular Qal perfect + 3rd feminine singular suffix - I gave her", "*yad*-*məʾahăḇêhā*": "construct singular noun + masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - hand of her lovers", "*yad*": "singular noun - hand", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʿāḡəḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she lusted after" }, "variants": { "*nətattîhā*": "I gave her/delivered her", "*yad*": "hand/power/control", "*məʾahăḇêhā*": "her lovers/paramours" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.10", "source": "הֵמָּה֮ גִּלּ֣וּ עֶרְוָתָהּ֒ בָּנֶ֤יהָ וּבְנוֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ לָקָ֔חוּ וְאוֹתָ֖הּ בַּחֶ֣רֶב הָרָ֑גוּ וַתְּהִי־שֵׁם֙ לַנָּשִׁ֔ים וּשְׁפוּטִ֖ים עָ֥שׂוּ בָֽהּ׃", "text": "They *gillû* *ʿerwātāh* *bānêhā* and *ḇənôtêhā* *lāqāḥû* and her *baḥereḇ* *hārāḡû* and *wattəhî*-*šēm* to the *naššîm* and *šəfûṭîm* *ʿāśû* on her", "grammar": { "*gillû*": "3rd plural Piel perfect - they uncovered/exposed", "*ʿerwātāh*": "singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness", "*bānêhā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sons", "*ḇənôtêhā*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her daughters", "*lāqāḥû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they took", "*baḥereḇ*": "preposition + definite article + singular noun - by the sword", "*hārāḡû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they killed", "*wattəhî*-*šēm*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *hāyâ* + noun - and she became a name/byword", "*naššîm*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the women", "*šəfûṭîm*": "masculine plural passive participle - judgments", "*ʿāśû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they executed/made" }, "variants": { "*gillû*": "they uncovered/exposed/revealed", "*ʿerwātāh*": "her nakedness/genitals/shame", "*lāqāḥû*": "they took/seized/carried away", "*hārāḡû*": "they killed/slew", "*šēm*": "name/byword/infamous example", "*šəfûṭîm*": "judgments/penalties/punishments" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.11", "source": "וַתֵּ֙רֶא֙ אֲחוֹתָ֣הּ אָהֳלִיבָ֔ה וַתַּשְׁחֵ֥ת עַגְבָתָ֖הּ מִמֶּ֑נָּה וְאֶת־תַּ֨זְנוּתֶ֔יהָ מִזְּנוּנֵ֖י אֲחוֹתָֽהּ׃", "text": "And *wattēreʾ* *ʾăḥôtāh* *ʾāhŏlîḇâ* and *wattašḥēt* *ʿaḡḇātāh* than her and *ʾet*-*taznûtêhā* from *zənûnê* *ʾăḥôtāh*", "grammar": { "*wattēreʾ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *rāʾâ* - and she saw", "*ʾăḥôtāh*": "singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister", "*ʾāhŏlîḇâ*": "proper noun - Oholibah", "*wattašḥēt*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *šāḥat* - and she corrupted", "*ʿaḡḇātāh*": "noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her lust", "*ʾet*-*taznûtêhā*": "direct object marker + plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries", "*zənûnê*": "plural construct - harlotries of", "*ʾăḥôtāh*": "singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister" }, "variants": { "*wattašḥēt*": "she corrupted/was more corrupt in", "*ʿaḡḇātāh*": "her lust/inordinate affection", "*taznûtêhā*": "her harlotries/prostitutions", "*zənûnê*": "harlotries/prostitutions/fornications of" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.12", "source": "אֶל־בְּנֵי֩ אַשּׁ֨וּר עָגָ֜בָה פַּח֨וֹת וּסְגָנִ֤ים קְרֹבִים֙ לְבֻשֵׁ֣י מִכְל֔וֹל פָּרָשִׁ֖ים רֹכְבֵ֣י סוּסִ֑ים בַּח֥וּרֵי חֶ֖מֶד כֻּלָּֽם׃", "text": "Unto-*bənê* *ʾaššûr* *ʿāḡāḇâ* *paḥôt* and *səḡānîm* *qərōḇîm* *ləḇušê* *miḵlôl* *pārāšîm* *rōḵəḇê* *sûsîm* *baḥûrê* *ḥemed* all of them", "grammar": { "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʿāḡāḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she lusted after", "*paḥôt*": "masculine plural noun - governors", "*səḡānîm*": "masculine plural noun - officials/rulers", "*qərōḇîm*": "masculine plural adjective - neighboring/near", "*ləḇušê*": "masculine plural construct - clothed in/wearing", "*miḵlôl*": "masculine singular noun - perfection/splendor", "*pārāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - horsemen", "*rōḵəḇê*": "masculine plural construct participle - riders of", "*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses", "*baḥûrê*": "masculine plural construct - young men of", "*ḥemed*": "masculine singular noun - desire/delight" }, "variants": { "*paḥôt*": "governors/captains/officials", "*səḡānîm*": "prefects/rulers/officials", "*miḵlôl*": "perfection/splendor/gorgeous clothing", "*baḥûrê*": "young men/choice men", "*ḥemed*": "desire/desirability/handsome" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.13", "source": "וָאֵ֖רֶא כִּ֣י נִטְמָ֑אָה דֶּ֥רֶךְ אֶחָ֖ד לִשְׁתֵּיהֶֽן׃", "text": "And *wāʾēreʾ* that *niṭmāʾâ* *dereḵ* *ʾeḥād* for both of them", "grammar": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "1st singular Qal waw-consecutive imperfect of *rāʾâ* - and I saw", "*niṭmāʾâ*": "3rd feminine singular Niphal perfect - she was defiled", "*dereḵ*": "masculine singular construct - way of", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral - one", "*lištêhen*": "preposition + dual feminine noun + 3rd feminine plural suffix - for both of them" }, "variants": { "*niṭmāʾâ*": "she was defiled/polluted/made unclean", "*dereḵ*": "way/path/manner" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.14", "source": "וַתּ֖וֹסֶף אֶל־תַּזְנוּתֶ֑יהָ וַתֵּ֗רֶא אַנְשֵׁי֙ מְחֻקֶּ֣ה עַל־הַקִּ֔יר צַלְמֵ֣י כַשְׂדִּ֔ים חֲקֻקִ֖ים בַּשָּׁשַֽׁר׃", "text": "And *wattôsef* unto-*taznûtêhā* and *wattēreʾ* *ʾanšê* *məḥuqqeh* upon-*haqqîr* *ṣalmê* *kaśdîm* *ḥăquqîm* in *baššāšar*", "grammar": { "*wattôsef*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *yāsap* - and she added", "*taznûtêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries", "*wattēreʾ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *rāʾâ* - and she saw", "*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural construct - men of", "*məḥuqqeh*": "passive participle - portrayed/drawn/carved", "*haqqîr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the wall", "*ṣalmê*": "masculine plural construct - images of", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans", "*ḥăquqîm*": "masculine plural Qal passive participle - carved/engraved", "*baššāšar*": "preposition + definite article + noun - in the vermilion/red ochre" }, "variants": { "*wattôsef*": "she increased/added to", "*məḥuqqeh*": "portrayed/drawn/carved", "*ṣalmê*": "images/likenesses/figures", "*ḥăquqîm*": "carved/engraved/portrayed", "*baššāšar*": "in vermilion/red ochre/bright red color" } } 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.15", "source": "חֲגוֹרֵ֨י אֵז֜וֹר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶ֗ם סְרוּחֵ֤י טְבוּלִים֙ בְּרָ֣אשֵׁיהֶ֔ם מַרְאֵ֥ה שָׁלִשִׁ֖ים כֻּלָּ֑ם דְּמ֤וּת בְּנֵֽי־בָבֶל֙ כַּשְׂדִּ֔ים אֶ֖רֶץ מוֹלַדְתָּֽם׃", "text": "*ḥăḡôrê* *ʾēzôr* in *bəmātnêhem* *sərûḥê* *ṭəḇûlîm* in *bərāʾšêhem* *marʾēh* *šālišîm* all of them *dəmût* *bənê*-*ḇāḇel* *kaśdîm* *ʾereṣ* *môladtām*", "grammar": { "*ḥăḡôrê*": "masculine plural construct - girded with", "*ʾēzôr*": "masculine singular noun - belt/girdle", "*bəmātnêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - around their loins", "*sərûḥê*": "masculine plural construct - hanging down/flowing", "*ṭəḇûlîm*": "masculine plural noun - turbans/dyed attire", "*bərāʾšêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - on their heads", "*marʾēh*": "masculine singular construct - appearance of", "*šālišîm*": "masculine plural noun - officers", "*dəmût*": "feminine singular construct - likeness of", "*bənê*-*ḇāḇel*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Babylon", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*môladtām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their nativity/birth" }, "variants": { "*ḥăḡôrê*": "girded with/wearing", "*ʾēzôr*": "belt/girdle/waistband", "*sərûḥê*": "hanging down/flowing/redundant", "*ṭəḇûlîm*": "turbans/dyed attire/colored headdresses", "*marʾēh*": "appearance/sight/vision", "*šālišîm*": "officers/captains/nobles", "*dəmût*": "likeness/appearance/similitude", "*môladtām*": "their nativity/birthplace/native land" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.16", "source": "וַתַּעְגְּבָ֥ה עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לְמַרְאֵ֣ה עֵינֶ֑יהָ וַתִּשְׁלַ֧ח מַלְאָכִ֛ים אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם כַּשְׂדִּֽימָה׃", "text": "And *wattaʿgəbâ* upon them to *marʾēh* *ʿênêhā* and *wattišlaḥ* *malʾāḵîm* to them *kaśdîmâ*", "grammar": { "*wattaʿgəbâ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *ʿāgaḇ* - and she lusted after", "*marʾēh*": "masculine singular construct - sight of", "*ʿênêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her eyes", "*wattišlaḥ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *šālaḥ* - and she sent", "*malʾāḵîm*": "masculine plural noun - messengers", "*kaśdîmâ*": "proper noun + directional he - to Chaldea" }, "variants": { "*wattaʿgəbâ*": "she lusted after/doted upon", "*marʾēh*": "sight/appearance/vision", "*malʾāḵîm*": "messengers/envoys/ambassadors", "*kaśdîmâ*": "to Chaldea/toward the land of the Chaldeans" } } 17 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.17", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֨אוּ אֵלֶ֤יהָ בְנֵֽי־בָבֶל֙ לְמִשְׁכַּ֣ב דֹּדִ֔ים וַיְטַמְּא֥וּ אוֹתָ֖הּ בְּתַזְנוּתָ֑ם וַתִּ֨טְמָא־בָ֔ם וַתֵּ֥קַע נַפְשָׁ֖הּ מֵהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyāḇōʾû* to her *bənê*-*ḇāḇel* to *miškab* *dōdîm* and *wayəṭamməʾû* her in *bətaznûtām* and *wattiṭmāʾ*-in them and *wattēqaʿ* *nafšāh* from them", "grammar": { "*wayyāḇōʾû*": "3rd plural masculine waw-consecutive imperfect of *bôʾ* - and they came", "*bənê*-*ḇāḇel*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Babylon", "*miškab*": "masculine singular construct - bed of", "*dōdîm*": "masculine plural noun - loves/carnal love", "*wayəṭamməʾû*": "3rd plural masculine waw-consecutive imperfect of *ṭāmēʾ* - and they defiled", "*bətaznûtām*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - with their fornication", "*wattiṭmāʾ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *ṭāmēʾ* - and she was defiled", "*wattēqaʿ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *yāqaʿ* - and she turned away", "*nafšāh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her soul", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them" }, "variants": { "*miškab*": "bed/couch/place of lying", "*dōdîm*": "loves/caresses/sexual relations", "*wayəṭamməʾû*": "they defiled/polluted/made unclean", "*wattiṭmāʾ*": "she was defiled/polluted/made unclean", "*wattēqaʿ*": "she turned away/alienated/was disgusted with", "*nafšāh*": "her soul/desire/mind" } } 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.18", "source": "וַתְּגַל֙ תַּזְנוּתֶ֔יהָ וַתְּגַ֖ל אֶת־עֶרְוָתָ֑הּ וַתֵּ֤קַע נַפְשִׁי֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יהָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י מֵעַ֥ל אֲחוֹתָֽהּ׃", "text": "And *wattəḡal* *taznûtêhā* and *wattəḡal* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh* and *wattēqaʿ* *nafšî* from upon her as *nāqəʿâ* *nafšî* from upon *ʾăḥôtāh*", "grammar": { "*wattəḡal*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *gālâ* - and she uncovered/revealed", "*taznûtêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries", "*ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness", "*wattēqaʿ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *yāqaʿ* - and was alienated", "*nafšî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - my soul", "*nāqəʿâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - was alienated", "*ʾăḥôtāh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister" }, "variants": { "*wattəḡal*": "she uncovered/revealed/exposed", "*taznûtêhā*": "her harlotries/prostitutions/unfaithfulness", "*ʿerwātāh*": "her nakedness/shame/genitals", "*wattēqaʿ*": "was alienated/turned away/became disgusted", "*nafšî*": "my soul/mind/desire", "*nāqəʿâ*": "was alienated/turned away/became disgusted" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.19", "source": "וַתַּרְבֶּ֖ה אֶת־תַּזְנוּתֶ֑יהָ לִזְכֹּר֙ אֶת־יְמֵ֣י נְעוּרֶ֔יהָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָנְתָ֖ה בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And she *tarbeh* [increased] *ʾet*-*taznûteyhā* [her prostitutions] *lizkōr* *ʾet*-*yᵊmê* *nᵊʿûreyhā* [days of her youth] *ʾăšer* *zāntāh* [in which she prostituted] in *ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim* [land of Egypt].", "grammar": { "*tarbeh*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular - multiplied/increased", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*taznûteyhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - her acts of prostitution/harlotry", "*lizkōr*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition lamed - to remember/recall", "*yᵊmê*": "construct masculine plural of *yôm* (day)", "*nᵊʿûreyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - her youth", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that/when", "*zāntāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - she played the harlot/prostituted herself", "*ʾereṣ*": "construct state - land/country of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*tarbeh*": "multiply/increase/make abundant", "*taznûteyhā*": "her prostitutions/harlotries/fornications", "*lizkōr*": "to remember/recall/bring to mind", "*nᵊʿûreyhā*": "her youth/young womanhood", "*zāntāh*": "played the harlot/prostituted herself/committed fornication" } } 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.20", "source": "וַֽתַּעְגְּבָ֔ה עַ֖ל פִּֽלַגְשֵׁיהֶ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר בְּשַׂר־חֲמוֹרִים֙ בְּשָׂרָ֔ם וְזִרְמַ֥ת סוּסִ֖ים זִרְמָתָֽם׃", "text": "And she *taʿgᵊbāh* [lusted] *ʿal* *pilagšêhem* [after their paramours] *ʾăšer* *bᵊśar*-*ḥămôrîm* *bᵊśārām* [whose flesh is like donkeys' flesh] and *zirmat* *sûsîm* *zirmātām* [emission of horses is their emission].", "grammar": { "*taʿgᵊbāh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - she lusted/had inordinate affection", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/after/concerning", "*pilagšêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their concubines/paramours", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that/who", "*bᵊśar*": "construct state - flesh of", "*ḥămôrîm*": "masculine plural noun - donkeys", "*bᵊśārām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their flesh", "*zirmat*": "construct state - emission/discharge/flow of", "*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses", "*zirmātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their emission" }, "variants": { "*taʿgᵊbāh*": "lusted after/doted upon/had inordinate affection", "*pilagšêhem*": "their paramours/concubines/lovers", "*bᵊśar*": "flesh/body/male organ", "*zirmat*": "emission/discharge/ejaculation", "*zirmātām*": "their emission/discharge/ejaculation" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.21", "source": "וַֽתִּפְקְדִ֔י אֵ֖ת זִמַּ֣ת נְעוּרָ֑יִךְ בַּעְשׂ֤וֹת מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ דַּדַּ֔יִךְ לְמַ֖עַן שְׁדֵ֥י נְעוּרָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And you *tipqᵊdî* [revisited] *ʾēt* *zimmat* *nᵊʿûrāyik* [lewdness of your youth] when *baʿśôt* *mimmiṣrayim* *daddayik* [the Egyptians handled your breasts] *lᵊmaʿan* *šᵊdê* *nᵊʿûrāyik* [because of the bosom of your youth].", "grammar": { "*tipqᵊdî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - you visited/attended to/looked after", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*zimmat*": "construct state - lewdness/wickedness/plan of", "*nᵊʿûrāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your youth", "*baʿśôt*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition bet - in/when doing/handling", "*mimmiṣrayim*": "proper noun with preposition min - from/by Egypt", "*daddayik*": "masculine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your breasts", "*lᵊmaʿan*": "preposition - for the sake of/because of", "*šᵊdê*": "construct state - breasts/bosom of", "*nᵊʿûrāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your youth" }, "variants": { "*tipqᵊdî*": "visited/attended to/sought after/revisited", "*zimmat*": "lewdness/wickedness/depravity", "*nᵊʿûrāyik*": "your youth/young womanhood", "*baʿśôt*": "when handling/fondling/caressing", "*daddayik*": "your breasts/nipples", "*šᵊdê*": "breasts/bosom/chest" } } 22 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.22", "source": "לָכֵ֣ן אָהֳלִיבָ֗ה כֹּֽה־אָמַר֮ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִה֒ הִנְנִ֨י מֵעִ֤יר אֶת־מְאַהֲבַ֙יִךְ֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשֵׁ֖ךְ מֵהֶ֑ם וַהֲבֵאתִ֥ים עָלַ֖יִךְ מִסָּבִֽיב׃", "text": "Therefore, *ʾohŏlîbāh* [Oholibah], thus *kōh*-*ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [says the Lord YHWH]: *hinᵊnî* *mēʿîr* *ʾet*-*mᵊʾahăbayik* [Behold, I will stir up your lovers] *ʿālayik* [against you], *ʾēt* *ʾăšer*-*nāqᵊʿāh* *napšēk* *mēhem* [those from whom your soul is alienated], and I will *hăbêʾtîm* [bring them] *ʿālayik* [against you] *missābîb* [from all around].", "grammar": { "*ʾohŏlîbāh*": "proper noun - Oholibah (symbolic name)", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord", "*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)", "*hinᵊnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am", "*mēʿîr*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - stirring up/arousing", "*mᵊʾahăbayik*": "Piel participle masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your lovers", "*ʿālayik*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - upon/against you", "*nāqᵊʿāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was alienated/turned away", "*napšēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your soul", "*mēhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them", "*hăbêʾtîm*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will bring them", "*missābîb*": "preposition min + adverb - from all around/from every side" }, "variants": { "*ʾohŏlîbāh*": "Oholibah (means 'my tent is in her')", "*mēʿîr*": "stir up/arouse/awaken", "*mᵊʾahăbayik*": "your lovers/paramours", "*nāqᵊʿāh*": "alienated/turned away/dislocated", "*napšēk*": "your soul/life/desire/self", "*hăbêʾtîm*": "bring them/cause them to come" } } 23 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.23", "source": "בְּנֵ֧י בָבֶ֣ל וְכָל־כַּשְׂדִּ֗ים פְּק֤וֹד וְשׁ֙וֹעַ֙ וְק֔וֹעַ כָּל־בְּנֵ֥י אַשּׁ֖וּר אוֹתָ֑ם בַּח֨וּרֵי חֶ֜מֶד פַּח֤וֹת וּסְגָנִים֙ כֻּלָּ֔ם שָֽׁלִשִׁים֙ וּקְרוּאִ֔ים רֹכְבֵ֥י סוּסִ֖ים כֻּלָּֽם׃", "text": "*bᵊnê* *bābel* and all *kaśdîm*, *pᵊqôd* and *šôaʿ* and *qôaʿ*, all *bᵊnê* *ʾaššûr* [sons of Babylon and all Chaldeans, Pekod and Shoa and Koa, all sons of Assyria] with them, *baḥûrê* *ḥemed* [desirable young men], *paḥôt* and *sᵊgānîm* [governors and rulers], all of them *šālišîm* and *qᵊrûʾîm* [officers and renowned ones], *rōkᵊbê* *sûsîm* [riders of horses], all of them.", "grammar": { "*bᵊnê*": "construct masculine plural - sons of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Chaldeans", "*pᵊqôd*": "proper noun - Pekod (people group)", "*šôaʿ*": "proper noun - Shoa (people group)", "*qôaʿ*": "proper noun - Koa (people group)", "*bᵊnê*": "construct masculine plural - sons of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*baḥûrê*": "construct masculine plural - young men of", "*ḥemed*": "masculine singular noun - desirability/pleasantness", "*paḥôt*": "masculine plural noun - governors", "*sᵊgānîm*": "masculine plural noun - rulers/officials", "*šālišîm*": "masculine plural noun - officers/captains (third rank)", "*qᵊrûʾîm*": "Qal passive participle masculine plural - called ones/renowned ones", "*rōkᵊbê*": "construct masculine plural Qal participle - riders of", "*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses" }, "variants": { "*bᵊnê*": "sons/children/people of", "*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans", "*pᵊqôd*": "Pekod (people group or 'punishment/visitation')", "*šôaʿ*": "Shoa (people group or 'noble/wealthy')", "*qôaʿ*": "Koa (people group)", "*baḥûrê*": "young men/choice men", "*ḥemed*": "desirability/pleasantness/delight", "*paḥôt*": "governors/captains", "*sᵊgānîm*": "rulers/officials/prefects", "*šālišîm*": "officers/captains/chariot warriors", "*qᵊrûʾîm*": "called ones/renowned ones/nobles", "*rōkᵊbê*": "riders/horsemen" } } 24 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.24", "source": "וּבָ֣אוּ עָלַ֡יִךְ הֹ֠צֶן רֶ֤כֶב וְגַלְגַּל֙ וּבִקְהַ֣ל עַמִּ֔ים צִנָּ֤ה וּמָגֵן֙ וְקוֹבַ֔ע יָשִׂ֥ימוּ עָלַ֖יִךְ סָבִ֑יב וְנָתַתִּ֤י לִפְנֵיהֶם֙ מִשְׁפָּ֔ט וּשְׁפָט֖וּךְ בְּמִשְׁפְּטֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And they will *bāʾû* [come] *ʿālayik* [against you] *hōṣen* [with weapon/armor], *rekeb* and *galgal* [chariot and wheel], and *biqhal* *ʿammîm* [with assembly of peoples]; *ṣinnāh* and *māgēn* and *qôbaʿ* [buckler and shield and helmet] they will *yāśîmû* [set] *ʿālayik* [against you] *sābîb* [all around]. And I will *nātattî* [give] *lipnêhem* [before them] *mišpāṭ* [judgment], and they will *šᵊpāṭûk* [judge you] *bᵊmišpᵊṭêhem* [according to their judgments].", "grammar": { "*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will come", "*ʿālayik*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - against you", "*hōṣen*": "noun - weapon/armor/apparatus", "*rekeb*": "masculine singular noun - chariot/vehicle", "*galgal*": "masculine singular noun - wheel/whirl", "*biqhal*": "masculine singular noun with preposition bet - with assembly/congregation", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - peoples/nations", "*ṣinnāh*": "feminine singular noun - large shield/buckler", "*māgēn*": "masculine singular noun - shield", "*qôbaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - helmet", "*yāśîmû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will set/place", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around/surrounding", "*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will give/place", "*lipnêhem*": "preposition lamed + construct masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - before them", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - judgment/justice/ordinance", "*šᵊpāṭûk*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they will judge you", "*bᵊmišpᵊṭêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix and preposition bet - according to their judgments" }, "variants": { "*hōṣen*": "weapon/armor/apparatus", "*rekeb*": "chariot/vehicle/riding equipment", "*galgal*": "wheel/whirl/rolling thing", "*ṣinnāh*": "large shield/buckler", "*māgēn*": "shield/defense", "*qôbaʿ*": "helmet/head covering", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal case", "*šᵊpāṭûk*": "judge you/decide your case/punish you", "*mišpᵊṭêhem*": "their judgments/customs/legal decisions" } } 25 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.25", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֨י קִנְאָתִ֜י בָּ֗ךְ וְעָשׂ֤וּ אוֹתָךְ֙ בְּחֵמָ֔ה אַפֵּ֤ךְ וְאָזְנַ֙יִךְ֙ יָסִ֔ירוּ וְאַחֲרִיתֵ֖ךְ בַּחֶ֣רֶב תִּפּ֑וֹל הֵ֗מָּה בָּנַ֤יִךְ וּבְנוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ יִקָּ֔חוּ וְאַחֲרִיתֵ֖ךְ תֵּאָכֵ֥ל בָּאֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "And I will *nātattî* [direct] *qinʾātî* [my jealousy] *bāk* [against you], and they will *ʿāśû* [deal] *ʾôtāk* [with you] *bᵊḥēmāh* [in fury]; *ʾappēk* and *ʾoznayik* [your nose and your ears] they will *yāsîrû* [remove], and *ʾaḥărîtēk* [your remnant] *baḥereb* [by the sword] *tippôl* [will fall]. *hēmmāh* [They] *bānayik* and *bᵊnôtayik* [your sons and your daughters] *yiqqāḥû* [will take], and *ʾaḥărîtēk* [your remnant] *tēʾākēl* [will be consumed] *bāʾēš* [by fire].", "grammar": { "*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will give/place/direct", "*qinʾātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my jealousy/zeal", "*bāk*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - in/against you", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will do/make/deal", "*ʾôtāk*": "direct object marker with 2nd feminine singular suffix - with you", "*bᵊḥēmāh*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - in fury/wrath", "*ʾappēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your nose", "*ʾoznayik*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your ears", "*yāsîrû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will remove/take away", "*ʾaḥărîtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your remnant/posterity", "*baḥereb*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - by the sword", "*tippôl*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will fall", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd person masculine plural independent pronoun - they", "*bānayik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sons", "*bᵊnôtayik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your daughters", "*yiqqāḥû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will take", "*tēʾākēl*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be consumed/devoured", "*bāʾēš*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - by/with fire" }, "variants": { "*qinʾātî*": "my jealousy/zeal/ardor", "*ʿāśû*": "deal with/treat/act toward", "*bᵊḥēmāh*": "in fury/rage/wrath", "*ʾappēk*": "your nose/face/anger", "*yāsîrû*": "remove/take away/cut off", "*ʾaḥărîtēk*": "your remnant/remainder/posterity", "*tippôl*": "will fall/drop/be killed", "*yiqqāḥû*": "take/seize/capture", "*tēʾākēl*": "be consumed/devoured/burned" } } 26 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.26", "source": "וְהִפְשִׁיט֖וּךְ אֶת־בְּגָדָ֑יִךְ וְלָקְח֖וּ כְּלֵ֥י תִפְאַרְתֵּֽךְ׃", "text": "And they will *hipšîṭûk* [strip you] *ʾet*-*bᵊgādāyik* [of your clothes], and *lāqᵊḥû* [take] *kᵊlê* *tipʾartēk* [the vessels/jewelry of your beauty].", "grammar": { "*hipšîṭûk*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they will strip you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bᵊgādāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your clothes/garments", "*lāqᵊḥû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will take", "*kᵊlê*": "construct masculine plural - vessels/implements/jewelry of", "*tipʾartēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your beauty/glory/splendor" }, "variants": { "*hipšîṭûk*": "strip you/remove your clothing/plunder you", "*bᵊgādāyik*": "your clothes/garments/attire", "*kᵊlê*": "vessels/instruments/articles/jewelry", "*tipʾartēk*": "your beauty/glory/splendor/adornment" } } 27 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.27", "source": "וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֤י זִמָּתֵךְ֙ מִמֵּ֔ךְ וְאֶת־זְנוּתֵ֖ךְ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וְלֹֽא־תִשְׂאִ֤י עֵינַ֙יִךְ֙ אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וּמִצְרַ֖יִם לֹ֥א תִזְכְּרִי־עֽוֹד׃", "text": "And I will *hišbattî* [make to cease] *zimmātēk* [your lewdness] *mimmēk* [from you], and *ʾet*-*zᵊnûtēk* [your prostitution] from *ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim* [land of Egypt]; and not *tiśʾî* [will you lift] *ʿênayik* [your eyes] *ʾălêhem* [to them], and *miṣrayim* [Egypt] not *tizkᵊrî*-*ʿôd* [will you remember anymore].", "grammar": { "*hišbattî*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will cause to cease/stop", "*zimmātēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your lewdness/wickedness", "*mimmēk*": "preposition min with 2nd feminine singular suffix - from you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*zᵊnûtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your prostitution/harlotry", "*ʾereṣ*": "construct state - land of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*tiśʾî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will lift/raise", "*ʿênayik*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your eyes", "*ʾălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/toward them", "*tizkᵊrî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will remember", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/anymore" }, "variants": { "*hišbattî*": "cause to cease/make to stop/end", "*zimmātēk*": "your lewdness/wickedness/schemes", "*zᵊnûtēk*": "your prostitution/harlotry/fornication", "*tiśʾî*": "lift/raise/carry", "*ʿênayik*": "your eyes/sight/gaze", "*tizkᵊrî*": "remember/recall/mention" } } 28 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.28", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הִנְנִי֙ נֹֽתְנָ֔ךְ בְּיַ֖ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׂנֵ֑את בְּיַ֛ד אֲשֶׁר־נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשֵׁ֖ךְ מֵהֶֽם׃", "text": "For thus *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [says the Lord YHWH]: *hinᵊnî* *nōtᵊnāk* [Behold, I am giving you] *bᵊyad* *ʾăšer* *śānēʾt* [into the hand of those whom you hate], *bᵊyad* *ʾăšer*-*nāqᵊʿāh* *napšēk* *mēhem* [into the hand of those from whom your soul is alienated].", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord", "*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)", "*hinᵊnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am", "*nōtᵊnāk*": "Qal participle feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - giving you", "*bᵊyad*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - into the hand of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom/which", "*śānēʾt*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you hated", "*nāqᵊʿāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was alienated/turned away", "*napšēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your soul", "*mēhem*": "preposition min with 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them" }, "variants": { "*nōtᵊnāk*": "giving you/delivering you/placing you", "*bᵊyad*": "into the hand/power/control of", "*śānēʾt*": "you hated/detested/abhorred", "*nāqᵊʿāh*": "was alienated/turned away/dislocated", "*napšēk*": "your soul/life/desire/self" } } 29 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.29", "source": "וְעָשׂ֨וּ אוֹתָ֜ךְ בְּשִׂנְאָ֗ה וְלָקְחוּ֙ כָּל־יְגִיעֵ֔ךְ וַעֲזָב֖וּךְ עֵירֹ֣ם וְעֶרְיָ֑ה וְנִגְלָה֙ עֶרְוַ֣ת זְנוּנַ֔יִךְ וְזִמָּתֵ֖ךְ וְתַזְנוּתָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And they will *ʿāśû* [deal with] *ʾôtāk* [you] *bᵊśinʾāh* [in hatred], and *lāqᵊḥû* [take] all *yᵊgîʿēk* [your labor], and *ʿăzābûk* [leave you] *ʿêrōm* and *ʿeryāh* [naked and bare]; and *niglāh* [will be uncovered] *ʿerwat* *zᵊnûnayik* [the nakedness of your prostitutions], and *zimmātēk* [your lewdness] and *taznûtāyik* [your harlotries].", "grammar": { "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will do/make/deal with", "*ʾôtāk*": "direct object marker with 2nd feminine singular suffix - with you", "*bᵊśinʾāh*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - in hatred", "*lāqᵊḥû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will take", "*yᵊgîʿēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your labor/product/fruit", "*ʿăzābûk*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they will leave you", "*ʿêrōm*": "masculine singular adjective - naked", "*ʿeryāh*": "feminine singular adjective - bare/exposed", "*niglāh*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - it will be uncovered/revealed", "*ʿerwat*": "construct feminine singular - nakedness of", "*zᵊnûnayik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your prostitutions", "*zimmātēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your lewdness/wickedness", "*taznûtāyik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your harlotries" }, "variants": { "*ʿāśû*": "deal with/treat/act toward", "*bᵊśinʾāh*": "in hatred/enmity/hostility", "*yᵊgîʿēk*": "your labor/earnings/achievement", "*ʿăzābûk*": "leave you/abandon you/forsake you", "*ʿêrōm*": "naked/bare/uncovered", "*ʿeryāh*": "bare/nude/exposed", "*niglāh*": "be uncovered/revealed/exposed", "*ʿerwat*": "nakedness/shame/indecency of", "*zᵊnûnayik*": "your prostitutions/acts of harlotry", "*zimmātēk*": "your lewdness/wickedness/schemes", "*taznûtāyik*": "your harlotries/fornications" } } 30 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.30", "source": "עָשֹׂ֥ה אֵ֖לֶּה לָ֑ךְ בִּזְנוֹתֵךְ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י גוֹיִ֔ם עַ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־נִטְמֵ֖את בְּגִלּוּלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*ʿāśōh* [Doing] *ʾēlleh* [these things] *lāk* [to you] *biznôtēk* [for your prostituting] *ʾaḥărê* *gôyim* [after nations], *ʿal* *ʾăšer*-*niṭmēʾt* [because you are defiled] *bᵊgillûlêhem* [with their idols].", "grammar": { "*ʿāśōh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - doing/to do", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective - these", "*lāk*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to/for you", "*biznôtēk*": "Qal infinitive construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix and preposition bet - in your prostituting", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after/behind", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/peoples", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/because", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*niṭmēʾt*": "Niphal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you are defiled/unclean", "*bᵊgillûlêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix and preposition bet - with their idols" }, "variants": { "*ʿāśōh*": "doing/making/performing", "*biznôtēk*": "your prostituting yourself/committing fornication", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*niṭmēʾt*": "you are defiled/unclean/polluted", "*bᵊgillûlêhem*": "with their idols/dung-pellets/abominations" } } 31 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.31", "source": "בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ אֲחוֹתֵ֖ךְ הָלָ֑כְתְּ וְנָתַתִּ֥י כוֹסָ֖הּ בְּיָדֵֽךְ׃", "text": "In *derek* *ʾăḥôtēk* [the way of your sister] *hālākt* [you have walked]; and I will *nātattî* [give] *kôsāh* [her cup] *bᵊyādēk* [into your hand].", "grammar": { "*derek*": "construct masculine singular - way/path of", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*hālākt*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you walked/went", "*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will give/place", "*kôsāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her cup", "*bᵊyādēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix and preposition bet - into your hand" }, "variants": { "*derek*": "way/path/manner", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister/relative", "*hālākt*": "you walked/went/followed", "*kôsāh*": "her cup/fate/portion", "*bᵊyādēk*": "into your hand/power/control" } } 32 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.32", "source": "כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהֹוִ֔ה כּ֤וֹס אֲחוֹתֵךְ֙ תִּשְׁתִּ֔י הָעֲמֻקָּ֖ה וְהָרְחָבָ֑ה תִּהְיֶ֥ה לִצְחֹ֛ק וּלְלַ֖עַג מִרְבָּ֥ה לְהָכִֽיל׃", "text": "Thus *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [says the Lord YHWH]: *kôs* *ʾăḥôtēk* [The cup of your sister] *tištî* [you shall drink], *hāʿămuqqāh* and *hārᵊḥābāh* [the deep and the wide]; *tihyeh* [it shall be] *liṣḥōq* and *lᵊlaʿag* [for scorn and for derision]; *mirbāh* *lᵊhākîl* [much to contain].", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord", "*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)", "*kôs*": "construct feminine singular - cup of", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*tištî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will drink", "*hāʿămuqqāh*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the deep", "*hārᵊḥābāh*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the wide", "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be", "*liṣḥōq*": "masculine singular noun with preposition lamed - for scorn/laughter", "*lᵊlaʿag*": "masculine singular noun with preposition lamed - for derision/mockery", "*mirbāh*": "feminine singular adjective - much/abundant", "*lᵊhākîl*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with preposition lamed - to contain/hold" }, "variants": { "*kôs*": "cup/vessel/portion", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister/relative", "*tištî*": "you will drink/consume/endure", "*hāʿămuqqāh*": "the deep/profound", "*hārᵊḥābāh*": "the wide/broad/large", "*liṣḥōq*": "for scorn/laughter/ridicule", "*lᵊlaʿag*": "for derision/mockery/scoffing", "*mirbāh*": "much/abundant/great", "*lᵊhākîl*": "to contain/hold/receive" } } 33 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.33", "source": "שִׁכָּר֥וֹן וְיָג֖וֹן תִּמָּלֵ֑אִי כּ֚וֹס שַׁמָּ֣ה וּשְׁמָמָ֔ה כּ֖וֹס אֲחוֹתֵ֥ךְ שֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃", "text": "*šikkārôn* and *yāgôn* [Drunkenness and sorrow] *timmālēʾî* [you will be filled with]; *kôs* *šammāh* and *šᵊmāmāh* [a cup of horror and desolation]; *kôs* *ʾăḥôtēk* *šōmᵊrôn* [the cup of your sister Samaria].", "grammar": { "*šikkārôn*": "masculine singular noun - drunkenness/intoxication", "*yāgôn*": "masculine singular noun - sorrow/grief", "*timmālēʾî*": "Niphal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will be filled", "*kôs*": "construct feminine singular - cup of", "*šammāh*": "feminine singular noun - horror/astonishment", "*šᵊmāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - desolation/waste", "*kôs*": "construct feminine singular - cup of", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*šōmᵊrôn*": "proper noun - Samaria" }, "variants": { "*šikkārôn*": "drunkenness/intoxication", "*yāgôn*": "sorrow/grief/anguish", "*timmālēʾî*": "you will be filled/satisfied/full", "*šammāh*": "horror/astonishment/dismay", "*šᵊmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/devastation", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister/relative" } } 34 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.34", "source": "וְשָׁתִ֨ית אוֹתָ֜הּ וּמָצִ֗ית וְאֶת־חֲרָשֶׂ֛יהָ תְּגָרֵ֖מִי וְשָׁדַ֣יִךְ תְּנַתֵּ֑קִי כִּ֚י אֲנִ֣י דִבַּ֔רְתִּי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃", "text": "And *šātît* [you will drink] *ʾôtāh* [it] and *māṣît* [drain it out], and *ʾet*-*ḥărāśeyhā* [its sherds/fragments] *tᵊgārēmî* [you will gnaw], and *šādayik* [your breasts] *tᵊnattēqî* [you will tear off]; *kî* *ʾănî* *dibbartî* [for I have spoken], *nᵊʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [declares the Lord YHWH].", "grammar": { "*šātît*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - you will drink", "*ʾôtāh*": "direct object marker with 3rd feminine singular suffix - it", "*māṣît*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - you will drain/suck out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ḥărāśeyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its sherds/fragments", "*tᵊgārēmî*": "Piel imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will gnaw/break", "*šādayik*": "masculine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your breasts", "*tᵊnattēqî*": "Piel imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will tear off/pluck out", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*dibbartî*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular - I have spoken", "*nᵊʾum*": "construct state - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord", "*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)" }, "variants": { "*šātît*": "you will drink/consume", "*māṣît*": "you will drain/suck out/empty", "*ḥărāśeyhā*": "its sherds/fragments/pieces", "*tᵊgārēmî*": "you will gnaw/crush with teeth/break", "*šādayik*": "your breasts/chest", "*tᵊnattēqî*": "you will tear off/pluck out/pull apart", "*dibbartî*": "I have spoken/declared", "*nᵊʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle of" } } 35 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.35", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה יַ֚עַן שָׁכַ֣חַתְּ אוֹתִ֔י וַתַּשְׁלִ֥יכִי אוֹתִ֖י אַחֲרֵ֣י גַוֵּ֑ךְ וְגַם־אַ֛תְּ שְׂאִ֥י זִמָּתֵ֖ךְ וְאֶת־תַּזְנוּתָֽיִךְ׃ ס", "text": "*lākēn* thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *yaʿan* *šākaḥat* me *wattašlîkî* me *ʾaḥărê* *gawwēk* *wəgam*-you *śəʾî* *zimmātēk* and-*ʾet*-*taznûtāyik*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore/thus", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because", "*šākaḥat*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you forgot", "*wattašlîkî*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you cast", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - behind/after", "*gawwēk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your back", "*wəgam*": "conjunction with emphatic particle - and also", "*śəʾî*": "imperative, feminine singular - bear/carry", "*zimmātēk*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wickedness/lewdness", "*taznûtāyik*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your harlotries/fornications" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/accordingly", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*ʾaḥărê*": "behind/after/following", "*gawwēk*": "your back/body", "*śəʾî*": "bear/carry/lift up", "*zimmātēk*": "your lewdness/shameful plans/evil schemes", "*taznûtāyik*": "your harlotries/fornications/adulteries" } } 36 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.36", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם הֲתִשְׁפּ֥וֹט אֶֽת־אָהֳלָ֖ה וְאֶת־אָהֳלִיבָ֑ה וְהַגֵּ֣ד לָהֶ֔ן אֵ֖ת תּוֹעֲבוֹתֵיהֶֽן׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me *ben*-*ʾādām* *hătišpôṭ* *ʾet*-*ʾāholāh* and-*ʾet*-*ʾāholîbāh* *wəhaggēd* to-them *ʾēt* *tôʿăbôtêhen*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ben*": "noun, masculine construct - son of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind/Adam", "*hătišpôṭ*": "interrogative prefix with imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - will you judge?", "*ʾāholāh*": "proper noun - Oholah (symbolizing Samaria)", "*ʾāholîbāh*": "proper noun - Oholibah (symbolizing Jerusalem)", "*wəhaggēd*": "conjunction with imperative, masculine singular - and declare/tell", "*tôʿăbôtêhen*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their abominations" }, "variants": { "*ben*-*ʾādām*": "son of man/human/mortal man", "*hătišpôṭ*": "will you judge/will you pronounce judgment on", "*wəhaggēd*": "and declare/proclaim/tell", "*tôʿăbôtêhen*": "their abominations/detestable practices/repulsive acts" } } 37 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.37", "source": "כִּ֣י נִאֵ֗פוּ וְדָם֙ בִּֽידֵיהֶ֔ן וְאֶת־גִּלּֽוּלֵיהֶ֖ן נִאֵ֑פוּ וְגַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָֽלְדוּ־לִ֔י הֶעֱבִ֥ירוּ לָהֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃", "text": "For *niʾēpû* and-*dām* in-*bîdêhen* and-*ʾet*-*gillûlêhen* *niʾēpû* *wəgam* *ʾet*-*bənêhen* *ʾăšer* *yāldû*-to-me *heʿĕbîrû* to-them *ləʾoklāh*", "grammar": { "*niʾēpû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they committed adultery", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*bîdêhen*": "preposition with noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine plural suffix - in their hands", "*gillûlêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their idols", "*wəgam*": "conjunction with emphatic particle - and also", "*bənêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their sons", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/whom/that", "*yāldû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they bore/gave birth to", "*heʿĕbîrû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they caused to pass over/through", "*ləʾoklāh*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - for food/consumption" }, "variants": { "*niʾēpû*": "they committed adultery/they were unfaithful", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*gillûlêhen*": "their idols/their dung-idols/their abominable images", "*heʿĕbîrû*": "they caused to pass over/they offered/they sacrificed", "*ləʾoklāh*": "for food/for consumption/to be devoured" } } 38 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.38", "source": "ע֥וֹד זֹ֖את עָ֣שׂוּ לִ֑י טִמְּא֤וּ אֶת־מִקְדָּשִׁי֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י חִלֵּֽלוּ׃", "text": "Yet *zōʾt* *ʿāśû* to-me *ṭimməʾû* *ʾet*-*miqdāšî* in-*hayyôm* *hahûʾ* and-*ʾet*-*šabbətôtay* *ḥillēlû*", "grammar": { "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they did/made", "*ṭimməʾû*": "piel perfect, 3rd plural - they defiled/made unclean", "*miqdāšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my sanctuary", "*hayyôm*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - the day", "*hahûʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*šabbətôtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st singular suffix - my sabbaths", "*ḥillēlû*": "piel perfect, 3rd plural - they profaned/desecrated" }, "variants": { "*ʿāśû*": "they did/made/performed", "*ṭimməʾû*": "they defiled/made unclean/desecrated", "*miqdāšî*": "my sanctuary/my holy place", "*hayyôm* *hahûʾ*": "that day/the same day", "*ḥillēlû*": "they profaned/desecrated/violated" } } 39 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.39", "source": "וּֽבְשַׁחֲטָ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ לְגִלּ֣וּלֵיהֶ֔ם וַיָּבֹ֧אוּ אֶל־מִקְדָּשִׁ֛י בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא לְחַלְּל֑וֹ וְהִנֵּה־כֹ֥ה עָשׂ֖וּ בְּת֥וֹךְ בֵּיתִֽי׃", "text": "And-in-*šaḥăṭām* *ʾet*-*bənêhem* to-*gillûlêhem* *wayyābōʾû* to-*miqdāšî* in-*hayyôm* *hahûʾ* to-*ḥallələô* *wəhinnēh*-thus *ʿāśû* in-*tôk* *bêtî*", "grammar": { "*šaḥăṭām*": "infinitive construct with 3rd plural suffix - their slaughtering", "*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their sons", "*gillûlêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their idols", "*wayyābōʾû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd plural - and they came", "*miqdāšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my sanctuary", "*hayyôm*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - the day", "*hahûʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*ḥallələô*": "piel infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to profane it", "*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction with interjection - and behold", "*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they did/made", "*tôk*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst/inside of", "*bêtî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my house" }, "variants": { "*šaḥăṭām*": "their slaughtering/their sacrificing/their killing", "*gillûlêhem*": "their idols/their dung-idols/their abominable images", "*ḥallələô*": "to profane it/to desecrate it/to violate it", "*tôk*": "midst/inside/within", "*bêtî*": "my house/my temple/my dwelling" } } 40 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.40", "source": "וְאַ֗ף כִּ֤י תִשְׁלַ֙חְנָה֙ לַֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים בָּאִ֖ים מִמֶּרְחָ֑ק אֲשֶׁ֨ר מַלְאָ֜ךְ שָׁל֤וּחַ אֲלֵיהֶם֙ וְהִנֵּה־בָ֔אוּ לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר רָחַ֛צְתְּ כָּחַ֥לְתְּ עֵינַ֖יִךְ וְעָ֥דִית עֶֽדִי׃", "text": "*wəʾap* that *tišlaḥnāh* to-*ʾănāšîm* *bāʾîm* from-*merḥāq* *ʾăšer* *malʾāk* *šālûaḥ* to-them *wəhinnēh*-*bāʾû* to-which *rāḥaṣt* *kāḥalt* *ʿênayik* and-*ʿādît* *ʿedî*", "grammar": { "*wəʾap*": "conjunction with emphatic particle - and moreover/furthermore", "*tišlaḥnāh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they send", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*bāʾîm*": "participle, masculine plural - coming", "*merḥāq*": "noun, masculine singular - distance/far place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*malʾāk*": "noun, masculine singular - messenger", "*šālûaḥ*": "passive participle, masculine singular - sent", "*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction with interjection - and behold", "*bāʾû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they came", "*rāḥaṣt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you washed", "*kāḥalt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you painted", "*ʿênayik*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your eyes", "*ʿādît*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you adorned", "*ʿedî*": "noun, masculine singular - ornament/jewelry" }, "variants": { "*wəʾap*": "and moreover/furthermore/even", "*tišlaḥnāh*": "they send/dispatch", "*ʾănāšîm*": "men/males", "*merḥāq*": "distance/far away/afar", "*malʾāk*": "messenger/envoy", "*šālûaḥ*": "sent/dispatched", "*rāḥaṣt*": "you washed/bathed", "*kāḥalt*": "you painted/applied antimony to", "*ʿādît*": "you adorned/decorated", "*ʿedî*": "ornament/jewelry/adornment" } } 41 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.41", "source": "וְיָשַׁבְתְּ֙ עַל־מִטָּ֣ה כְבוּדָּ֔ה וְשֻׁלְחָ֥ן עָר֖וּךְ לְפָנֶ֑יהָ וּקְטָרְתִּ֥י וְשַׁמְנִ֖י שַׂ֥מְתְּ עָלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And-*yāšabt* on-*miṭṭāh* *kəbûddāh* and-*šulḥān* *ʿārûk* before-her and-*qəṭortî* and-*šamnî* *śamt* upon-her", "grammar": { "*yāšabt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you sat", "*miṭṭāh*": "noun, feminine singular - bed/couch", "*kəbûddāh*": "passive participle, feminine singular - glorious/stately", "*šulḥān*": "noun, masculine singular - table", "*ʿārûk*": "passive participle, masculine singular - arranged/prepared", "*qəṭortî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my incense", "*šamnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my oil", "*śamt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you placed/put" }, "variants": { "*yāšabt*": "you sat/reclined", "*miṭṭāh*": "bed/couch/divan", "*kəbûddāh*": "glorious/stately/splendid", "*šulḥān*": "table/dining table", "*ʿārûk*": "arranged/prepared/set in order", "*qəṭortî*": "my incense/my fragrant offering", "*šamnî*": "my oil/my ointment", "*śamt*": "you placed/put/set" } } 42 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.42", "source": "וְק֣וֹל הָמוֹן֮ שָׁלֵ֣ו בָהּ֒ וְאֶל־אֲנָשִׁים֙ מֵרֹ֣ב אָדָ֔ם מוּבָאִ֥ים *סובאים* **סָבָאִ֖ים מִמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַֽיִּתְּנ֤וּ צְמִידִים֙ אֶל־יְדֵיהֶ֔ן וַעֲטֶ֥רֶת תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת עַל־רָאשֵׁיהֶֽן׃", "text": "And-*qôl* *hāmôn* *šālēw* in-her and-to-*ʾănāšîm* from-*rōb* *ʾādām* *mûbāʾîm* *sābāʾîm* from-*midbār* *wayyittənû* *ṣəmîdîm* to-*yədêhen* and-*ʿăṭeret* *tipʾeret* on-*rāʾšêhen*", "grammar": { "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice/sound of", "*hāmôn*": "noun, masculine singular - multitude/crowd", "*šālēw*": "adjective, masculine singular - at ease/carefree", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*rōb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - abundance/multitude of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*mûbāʾîm*": "hophal participle, masculine plural - being brought", "*sābāʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - drunkards/Sabeans", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert", "*wayyittənû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd plural - and they put/gave", "*ṣəmîdîm*": "noun, masculine plural - bracelets", "*yədêhen*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their hands", "*ʿăṭeret*": "noun, feminine singular construct - crown of", "*tipʾeret*": "noun, feminine singular - beauty/glory", "*rāʾšêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their heads" }, "variants": { "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*hāmôn*": "multitude/crowd/throng", "*šālēw*": "at ease/carefree/tranquil", "*rōb*": "abundance/multitude/great number", "*mûbāʾîm*": "being brought/imported/led in", "*sābāʾîm*": "drunkards/Sabeans (people from Sheba)", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/steppe", "*ṣəmîdîm*": "bracelets/armlets", "*ʿăṭeret*": "crown/diadem", "*tipʾeret*": "beauty/glory/splendor" } } 43 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.43", "source": "וָאֹמַ֕ר לַבָּלָ֖ה נִֽאוּפִ֑ים *עת* **עַתָּ֛ה *יזנה* **יִזְנ֥וּ תַזְנוּתֶ֖הָ וָהִֽיא׃", "text": "And-*ʾōmar* to-*bālāh* *niʾûpîm* *ʿattāh* *yiznû* *taznûtehā* and-she", "grammar": { "*ʾōmar*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I say/said", "*bālāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - worn out/consumed", "*niʾûpîm*": "noun, masculine plural - adulteries", "*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now", "*yiznû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they commit fornication", "*taznûtehā*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her fornication" }, "variants": { "*ʾōmar*": "I say/said/thought", "*bālāh*": "worn out/consumed/old", "*niʾûpîm*": "adulteries/acts of unfaithfulness", "*yiznû*": "they commit fornication/they prostitute themselves", "*taznûtehā*": "her fornication/her prostitution/her harlotry" } } 44 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.44", "source": "וַיָּב֣וֹא אֵלֶ֔יהָ כְּב֖וֹא אֶל־אִשָּׁ֣ה זוֹנָ֑ה כֵּ֣ן בָּ֗אוּ אֶֽל־אָֽהֳלָה֙ וְאֶל־אָ֣הֳלִיבָ֔ה אִשֹּׁ֖ת הַזִּמָּֽה׃", "text": "*wayyābôʾ* to-her like-*bôʾ* to-*ʾiššāh* *zônāh* thus *bāʾû* to-*ʾāholāh* and-to-*ʾāholîbāh* *ʾiššōt* *hazimmāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyābôʾ*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*bôʾ*": "infinitive construct - coming/entering", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*zônāh*": "participle, feminine singular - prostituting/harlot", "*bāʾû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they came", "*ʾāholāh*": "proper noun - Oholah (symbolizing Samaria)", "*ʾāholîbāh*": "proper noun - Oholibah (symbolizing Jerusalem)", "*ʾiššōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - women of", "*hazimmāh*": "definite article with noun, feminine singular - the lewdness" }, "variants": { "*bôʾ*": "coming/entering/going in to", "*ʾiššāh*": "woman/wife", "*zônāh*": "prostitute/harlot", "*ʾiššōt*": "women/wives of", "*hazimmāh*": "the lewdness/the depravity/the wickedness" } } 45 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.45", "source": "וַאֲנָשִׁ֣ים צַדִּיקִ֗ם הֵ֚מָּה יִשְׁפְּט֣וּ אֽוֹתְהֶ֔ם מִשְׁפַּט֙ נֹֽאֲפ֔וֹת וּמִשְׁפַּ֖ט שֹׁפְכ֣וֹת דָּ֑ם כִּ֤י נֹֽאֲפֹת֙ הֵ֔נָּה וְדָ֖ם בִּֽידֵיהֶֽן׃ ס", "text": "And-*ʾănāšîm* *ṣaddîqim* they *yišpəṭû* them *mišpaṭ* *nōʾăpôt* and-*mišpaṭ* *šōpəkôt* *dām* for *nōʾăpōt* they and-*dām* in-*bîdêhen*", "grammar": { "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*ṣaddîqim*": "adjective, masculine plural - righteous", "*yišpəṭû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will judge", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment of", "*nōʾăpôt*": "participle, feminine plural - committing adultery/adulteresses", "*šōpəkôt*": "participle, feminine plural - pouring out/shedding", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*nōʾăpōt*": "participle, feminine plural - committing adultery/adulteresses", "*bîdêhen*": "preposition with noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine plural suffix - in their hands" }, "variants": { "*ʾănāšîm*": "men/males", "*ṣaddîqim*": "righteous/just/correct", "*yišpəṭû*": "they will judge/they will pronounce judgment", "*mišpaṭ*": "judgment/verdict/sentence", "*nōʾăpôt*": "adulteresses/women who commit adultery", "*šōpəkôt*": "shedding/pouring out/spilling", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt" } } 46 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.46", "source": "כִּ֛י כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה הַעֲלֵ֤ה עֲלֵיהֶם֙ קָהָ֔ל וְנָתֹ֥ן אֶתְהֶ֖ן לְזַעֲוָ֥ה וְלָבַֽז׃", "text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *haʿălēh* upon-them *qāhāl* and-*nātōn* them to-*zaʿăwāh* and-to-*lābaz*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*haʿălēh*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - bring up/cause to come up", "*qāhāl*": "noun, masculine singular - assembly/congregation", "*nātōn*": "infinitive absolute - giving", "*zaʿăwāh*": "noun, feminine singular - horror/terror", "*lābaz*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - for plunder" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*haʿălēh*": "bring up/raise up/summon", "*qāhāl*": "assembly/congregation/crowd", "*nātōn*": "giving/surrendering", "*zaʿăwāh*": "horror/terror/object of trembling", "*lābaz*": "for plunder/for spoil/for prey" } } 47 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.47", "source": "וְרָגְמ֨וּ עֲלֵיהֶ֥ן אֶ֙בֶן֙ קָהָ֔ל וּבָרֵ֥א אוֹתְהֶ֖ן בְּחַרְבוֹתָ֑ם בְּנֵיהֶ֤ם וּבְנֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ יַהֲרֹ֔גוּ וּבָתֵּיהֶ֖ן בָּאֵ֥שׁ יִשְׂרֹֽפוּ׃", "text": "And-*rāgəmû* upon-them *ʾeben* *qāhāl* and-*bārēʾ* them with-*ḥarbôtām* *bənêhem* and-*bənôtêhem* *yahărōgû* and-*bāttêhen* with-*ʾēš* *yiśrōpû*", "grammar": { "*rāgəmû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they will stone", "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone", "*qāhāl*": "noun, masculine singular - assembly/congregation", "*bārēʾ*": "piel infinitive construct - cut down/dispatch", "*ḥarbôtām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their swords", "*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their sons", "*bənôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their daughters", "*yahărōgû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they will kill", "*bāttêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their houses", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*yiśrōpû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they will burn" }, "variants": { "*rāgəmû*": "they will stone/they will pelt with stones", "*bārēʾ*": "cut down/dispatch/slay", "*ḥarbôtām*": "their swords/their weapons", "*yahărōgû*": "they will kill/they will slay", "*yiśrōpû*": "they will burn/they will set on fire" } } 48 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.48", "source": "וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֥י זִמָּ֖ה מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְנִֽוַּסְּרוּ֙ כָּל־הַנָּשִׁ֔ים וְלֹ֥א תַעֲשֶׂ֖ינָה כְּזִמַּתְכֶֽנָה׃", "text": "And-*hišbattî* *zimmāh* from-*hāʾāreṣ* and-*niwwassərû* all-*hannāšîm* and-not *taʿăśênāh* like-*zimmatkēnāh*", "grammar": { "*hišbattî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will cause to cease", "*zimmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - lewdness", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article with noun, feminine singular - the land", "*niwwassərû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd plural - they will be instructed/chastised", "*hannāšîm*": "definite article with noun, feminine plural - the women", "*taʿăśênāh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will do", "*zimmatkēnāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine plural suffix - your (pl) lewdness" }, "variants": { "*hišbattî*": "I will cause to cease/I will put an end to", "*zimmāh*": "lewdness/depravity/shameful conduct", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/the earth/the country", "*niwwassərû*": "they will be instructed/disciplined/chastised", "*taʿăśênāh*": "they will do/act/perform", "*zimmatkēnāh*": "your lewdness/your shameful conduct" } } 49 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.49", "source": "וְנָתְנ֤וּ זִמַּתְכֶ֙נָה֙ עֲלֵיכֶ֔ן וַחֲטָאֵ֥י גִלּוּלֵיכֶ֖ן תִּשֶּׂ֑אינָה וִידַעְתֶּ֕ם כִּ֥י אֲנִ֖י אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃ פ", "text": "And-*nātnû* *zimmatkēnāh* upon-you and-*ḥăṭāʾê* *gillûlêken* *tiśśeʾnāh* and-*wîdaʿtem* that I *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*nātnû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they will give/place", "*zimmatkēnāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine plural suffix - your (pl) lewdness", "*ḥăṭāʾê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sins of", "*gillûlêken*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd feminine plural suffix - your (pl) idols", "*tiśśeʾnāh*": "imperfect, 2nd feminine plural - you will bear", "*wîdaʿtem*": "perfect, 2nd masculine plural with waw-consecutive - and you will know", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name" }, "variants": { "*nātnû*": "they will give/place/put", "*zimmatkēnāh*": "your lewdness/wickedness/shameful conduct", "*ḥăṭāʾê*": "sins of/guilt of", "*gillûlêken*": "your idols/your dung-idols", "*tiśśeʾnāh*": "you will bear/carry/endure", "*wîdaʿtem*": "and you will know/recognize/acknowledge" } }
  • Ezek 24:6-9 : 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.24.6", "source": "לָכֵ֞ן כֹּה־אָמַ֣ר ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהֹוִ֗ה אוֹי֮ עִ֣יר הַדָּמִים֒ סִ֚יר אֲשֶׁ֣ר חֶלְאָתָ֣ה בָ֔הּ וְחֶ֨לְאָתָ֔הּ לֹ֥א יָצְאָ֖ה מִמֶּ֑נָּה לִנְתָחֶ֤יהָ לִנְתָחֶ֙יהָ֙ הוֹצִיאָ֔הּ לֹא־נָפַ֥ל עָלֶ֖יהָ גּוֹרָֽל׃", "text": "Therefore, thus *'āmar* *'ăḏōnāy* *YHWH*: *'ôy* *'îr* the *dāmîm*, *sîr* which *ḥel'āṯāh* in it, and *ḥel'āṯāh* not *yāṣə'āh* from it; to *linṯāḥehā* to *linṯāḥehā* *hôṣî'āh* it, not *nāp̄al* upon it *gôrāl*.", "grammar": { "*'āmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*'ăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*'ôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*'îr*": "feminine singular construct - city of", "*dāmîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the bloods/bloodshed", "*sîr*": "masculine singular noun - pot/kettle", "*ḥel'āṯāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its rust/corrosion", "*yāṣə'āh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - went out/came out", "*linṯāḥehā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to its pieces", "*hôṣî'āh*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - bring it out", "*nāp̄al*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - fell", "*gôrāl*": "masculine singular noun - lot/portion" }, "variants": { "*'ôy*": "woe/alas", "*'îr*": "city/town", "*dāmîm*": "bloods/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*ḥel'āṯāh*": "its rust/corrosion/filth", "*hôṣî'āh*": "bring it out/take it out", "*gôrāl*": "lot/portion/decision by lot" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.24.7", "source": "כִּ֤י דָמָהּ֙ בְּתוֹכָ֣הּ הָיָ֔ה עַל־צְחִ֥יחַ סֶ֖לַע שָׂמָ֑תְהוּ לֹ֤א שְׁפָכַ֙תְהוּ֙ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ לְכַסּ֥וֹת עָלָ֖יו עָפָֽר׃", "text": "For *dāmāh* in *bəṯôḵāh* *hāyāh*, upon *ṣəḥîaḥ* *sela'* *śāmāṯəhû*; not *šəp̄āḵaṯəhû* upon the *'āreṣ* to *ḵassôṯ* upon it *'āp̄ār*.", "grammar": { "*dāmāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her blood", "*bəṯôḵāh*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her midst", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/existed", "*ṣəḥîaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - bare/exposed place of", "*sela'*": "masculine singular noun - rock", "*śāmāṯəhû*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - she placed it", "*šəp̄āḵaṯəhû*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - she poured it", "*'āreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the earth/ground", "*ḵassôṯ*": "piel infinitive construct - to cover", "*'āp̄ār*": "masculine singular noun - dust/soil" }, "variants": { "*dāmāh*": "her blood/bloodshed", "*bəṯôḵāh*": "in her midst/middle/inside her", "*ṣəḥîaḥ*": "bare/exposed/dry place of", "*sela'*": "rock/cliff/crag", "*śāmāṯəhû*": "she placed it/put it/established it", "*šəp̄āḵaṯəhû*": "she poured it/spilled it", "*'āreṣ*": "earth/ground/land", "*'āp̄ār*": "dust/soil/dirt" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.24.8", "source": "לְהַעֲל֤וֹת חֵמָה֙ לִנְקֹ֣ם נָקָ֔ם נָתַ֥תִּי אֶת־דָּמָ֖הּ עַל־צְחִ֣יחַ סָ֑לַע לְבִלְתִּ֖י הִכָּסֽוֹת׃ פ", "text": "To *lə-ha'ălôṯ* *ḥēmāh* to *linqōm* *nāqām*, *nāṯattî* *'eṯ-dāmāh* upon *ṣəḥîaḥ* *sāla'* to *lə-ḇiltî* *hikkāsôṯ*.", "grammar": { "*lə-ha'ălôṯ*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to go up/raise up", "*ḥēmāh*": "feminine singular noun - wrath/anger", "*linqōm*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to avenge", "*nāqām*": "masculine singular noun - vengeance", "*nāṯattî*": "qal perfect, 1st common singular - I have given/placed", "*'eṯ-dāmāh*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her blood", "*ṣəḥîaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - bare/exposed place of", "*sāla'*": "masculine singular noun - rock", "*lə-ḇiltî*": "preposition + adverb - so as not to", "*hikkāsôṯ*": "niphal infinitive construct - to be covered" }, "variants": { "*lə-ha'ălôṯ*": "to cause to go up/raise up/bring up", "*ḥēmāh*": "wrath/anger/fury/rage", "*linqōm*": "to avenge/take vengeance", "*nāqām*": "vengeance/revenge", "*ṣəḥîaḥ*": "bare/exposed/dry place of", "*sāla'*": "rock/cliff/crag", "*lə-ḇiltî*": "so as not to/in order not to" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.24.9", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה א֖וֹי עִ֣יר הַדָּמִ֑ים גַּם־אֲנִ֖י אַגְדִּ֥יל הַמְּדוּרָֽה׃", "text": "Therefore, thus *'āmar* *'ăḏōnāy* *YHWH*: *'ôy* *'îr* the *dāmîm*; also I *'agdîl* the *mədûrāh*.", "grammar": { "*'āmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*'ăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*'ôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*'îr*": "feminine singular construct - city of", "*dāmîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the bloods/bloodshed", "*'agdîl*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st common singular - I will make great/enlarge", "*mədûrāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the pile/pyre" }, "variants": { "*'ôy*": "woe/alas", "*'îr*": "city/town", "*dāmîm*": "bloods/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*'agdîl*": "I will make great/enlarge/magnify", "*mədûrāh*": "pile/pyre/fire for burning" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.24.10", "source": "הַרְבֵּ֤ה הָעֵצִים֙ הַדְלֵ֣ק הָאֵ֔שׁ הָתֵ֖ם הַבָּשָׂ֑ר וְהַרְקַח֙ הַמֶּרְקָחָ֔ה וְהָעֲצָמ֖וֹת יֵחָֽרוּ׃", "text": "*harbēh* the *'ēṣîm*, *hadlēq* the *'ēš*, *hāṯēm* the *bāśār*, and *harqaḥ* the *merqāḥāh*, and the *'ăṣāmôṯ* *yēḥārû*.", "grammar": { "*harbēh*": "hiphil infinitive absolute - increase greatly/heap up", "*'ēṣîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the wood/logs", "*hadlēq*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - kindle/set on fire", "*'ēš*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the fire", "*hāṯēm*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - finish/complete", "*bāśār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the flesh/meat", "*harqaḥ*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - mix/compound", "*merqāḥāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the spice mixture", "*'ăṣāmôṯ*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the bones", "*yēḥārû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be burned/charred" }, "variants": { "*harbēh*": "increase greatly/heap up/multiply", "*'ēṣîm*": "wood/logs/timber", "*hadlēq*": "kindle/set on fire/light", "*hāṯēm*": "finish/complete/consume fully", "*bāśār*": "flesh/meat/body", "*harqaḥ*": "mix/compound/season", "*merqāḥāh*": "spice mixture/ointment/seasoning", "*yēḥārû*": "they will be burned/charred/scorched" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.24.11", "source": "וְהַעֲמִידֶ֥הָ עַל־גֶּחָלֶ֖יהָ רֵקָ֑ה לְמַ֨עַן תֵּחַ֜ם וְחָ֣רָה נְחֻשְׁתָּ֗הּ וְנִתְּכָ֤ה בְתוֹכָהּ֙ טֻמְאָתָ֔הּ תִּתֻּ֖ם חֶלְאָתָֽהּ׃", "text": "And *ha'ămîḏehā* upon *geḥālehā* *rēqāh*, so that *tēḥam* and *ḥārāh* *nəḥuštāh*, and *nittəḵāh* in *ḇəṯôḵāh* *ṭum'āṯāh*, *tittum* *ḥel'āṯāh*.", "grammar": { "*ha'ămîḏehā*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - cause it to stand", "*geḥālehā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its coals", "*rēqāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - empty", "*tēḥam*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will become hot", "*ḥārāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - burned/was kindled", "*nəḥuštāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its bronze/copper", "*nittəḵāh*": "niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - was melted/poured out", "*ḇəṯôḵāh*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - in its midst", "*ṭum'āṯāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its uncleanness", "*tittum*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be consumed/completed", "*ḥel'āṯāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its rust/filth" }, "variants": { "*ha'ămîḏehā*": "cause it to stand/set it/place it", "*geḥālehā*": "its coals/burning embers", "*rēqāh*": "empty/void", "*tēḥam*": "it will become hot/heated", "*ḥārāh*": "burned/was kindled/became hot", "*nəḥuštāh*": "its bronze/copper/brass", "*nittəḵāh*": "was melted/poured out/dissolved", "*ṭum'āṯāh*": "its uncleanness/impurity/filthiness", "*tittum*": "it will be consumed/completed/finished", "*ḥel'āṯāh*": "its rust/filth/corrosion" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.24.12", "source": "תְּאֻנִ֖ים הֶלְאָ֑ת וְלֹֽא־תֵצֵ֤א מִמֶּ֙נָּה֙ רַבַּ֣ת חֶלְאָתָ֔הּ בְּאֵ֖שׁ חֶלְאָתָֽהּ׃", "text": "*tə'unîm* *hel'āṯ* and not *ṯēṣē'* from her *rabbaṯ* *ḥel'āṯāh*; in *'ēš* *ḥel'āṯāh*.", "grammar": { "*tə'unîm*": "masculine plural noun - exhaustions/labors/toils", "*hel'āṯ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she has wearied/made tired", "*ṯēṣē'*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will go out/come out", "*rabbaṯ*": "adjective, feminine singular construct - abundance of/much of", "*ḥel'āṯāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its rust/filth", "*'ēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*ḥel'āṯāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its rust/filth" }, "variants": { "*tə'unîm*": "exhaustions/labors/toils/efforts", "*hel'āṯ*": "she has wearied/made tired/exhausted", "*ṯēṣē'*": "it will go out/come out/depart", "*rabbaṯ*": "abundance of/much of/great amount of", "*ḥel'āṯāh*": "its rust/filth/corrosion", "*'ēš*": "fire/flame" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.24.13", "source": "בְּטֻמְאָתֵ֖ךְ זִמָּ֑ה יַ֤עַן טִֽהַרְתִּיךְ֙ וְלֹ֣א טָהַ֔רְתְּ מִטֻּמְאָתֵךְ֙ לֹ֣א תִטְהֲרִי־ע֔וֹד עַד־הֲנִיחִ֥י אֶת־חֲמָתִ֖י בָּֽךְ׃", "text": "In *ṭum'āṯēḵ* *zimmāh*; because *ṭihartîḵ* and not *ṭāhart*, from *miṭṭum'āṯēḵ* not *ṭiṭhărî* still, until *hănîḥî* *'eṯ-ḥămāṯî* in you.", "grammar": { "*ṭum'āṯēḵ*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your uncleanness", "*zimmāh*": "feminine singular noun - lewdness/wickedness", "*ṭihartîḵ*": "piel perfect, 1st common singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - I cleansed you", "*ṭāhart*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you were clean", "*miṭṭum'āṯēḵ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your uncleanness", "*ṭiṭhărî*": "qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will be clean", "*hănîḥî*": "hiphil infinitive construct with 1st common singular suffix - my causing to rest", "*'eṯ-ḥămāṯî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 1st common singular suffix - my wrath" }, "variants": { "*ṭum'āṯēḵ*": "your uncleanness/impurity/filthiness", "*zimmāh*": "lewdness/wickedness/depravity", "*ṭihartîḵ*": "I cleansed you/purified you", "*ṭāhart*": "you were clean/pure", "*ṭiṭhărî*": "you will be clean/pure", "*hănîḥî*": "my causing to rest/my satisfying/my venting", "*'eṯ-ḥămāṯî*": "my wrath/fury/anger" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.24.14", "source": "אֲנִ֨י יְהוָ֤ה דִּבַּ֙רְתִּי֙ בָּאָ֣ה וְעָשִׂ֔יתִי לֹֽא־אֶפְרַ֥ע וְלֹא־אָח֖וּס וְלֹ֣א אֶנָּחֵ֑ם כִּדְרָכַ֤יִךְ וְכַעֲלִילוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ שְׁפָט֔וּךְ נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהֹוִֽה׃ פ", "text": "I *YHWH* *dibbartî* it is coming and *'āśîṯî*; not *'ep̄ra'* and not *'āḥûs* and not *'ennāḥēm*; according to *ḵiḏrāḵayiḵ* and according to *ḵa'ălîlôṯayiḵ* *šəp̄āṭûḵ*, *nə'um* *'ăḏōnāy* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*dibbartî*": "piel perfect, 1st common singular - I have spoken", "*'āśîṯî*": "qal perfect, 1st common singular - I have done/will do", "*'ep̄ra'*": "qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will go back/relent", "*'āḥûs*": "qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will pity/spare", "*'ennāḥēm*": "niphal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will be sorry/regret/repent", "*ḵiḏrāḵayiḵ*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - according to your ways", "*ḵa'ălîlôṯayiḵ*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - according to your deeds", "*šəp̄āṭûḵ*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they have judged you", "*nə'um*": "masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*'ăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/my Lord" }, "variants": { "*dibbartî*": "I have spoken/declared/promised", "*'āśîṯî*": "I have done/will do/performed", "*'ep̄ra'*": "I will go back/relent/withdraw", "*'āḥûs*": "I will pity/spare/have compassion", "*'ennāḥēm*": "I will be sorry/regret/repent/change my mind", "*ḵiḏrāḵayiḵ*": "according to your ways/paths/conduct", "*ḵa'ălîlôṯayiḵ*": "according to your deeds/actions/practices", "*šəp̄āṭûḵ*": "they have judged you/will judge you", "*nə'um*": "declaration of/utterance of/oracle of" } }
  • Dan 9:5-8 : 5 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.5", "source": "חָטָ֥אנוּ וְעָוִ֖ינוּ *והרשענו **הִרְשַׁ֣עְנוּ וּמָרָ֑דְנוּ וְס֥וֹר מִמִּצְוֺתֶ֖ךָ וּמִמִּשְׁפָּטֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*ḥāṭāʾnû* and *ʿāwînû* and *hiršaʿnû* and *mārāḏnû* and *sôr* from *miṣwōṯeḵā* and from *mišpāṭeḵā*.", "grammar": { "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned", "*ʿāwînû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have committed iniquity", "*hiršaʿnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, hiphil - we have done wickedly", "*mārāḏnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have rebelled", "*sôr*": "infinitive absolute, qal - turning away", "*miṣwōṯeḵā*": "noun, feminine, plural with 2ms suffix - your commandments", "*mišpāṭeḵā*": "noun, masculine, plural with 2ms suffix - your judgments/ordinances" }, "variants": { "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/missed the mark/failed", "*ʿāwînû*": "we have committed iniquity/twisted/perverted", "*hiršaʿnû*": "we have acted wickedly/done wrong/been guilty", "*mārāḏnû*": "we have rebelled/been disobedient/revolted", "*sôr*": "turning away/departing/deviating", "*mišpāṭeḵā*": "your judgments/ordinances/laws" } } 6 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.6", "source": "וְלֹ֤א שָׁמַ֙עְנוּ֙ אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֣יךָ הַנְּבִיאִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר דִּבְּרוּ֙ בְּשִׁמְךָ֔ אֶל־מְלָכֵ֥ינוּ שָׂרֵ֖ינוּ וַאֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ וְאֶ֖ל כָּל־עַ֥ם הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And not *šāmaʿnû* to *ʿăḇāḏeḵā* the *nəḇîʾîm* who *dibbərû* in *šimḵā* to *məlāḵênû* *śārênû* and *ʾăḇōṯênû* and to all-*ʿam* the *ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have listened", "*ʿăḇāḏeḵā*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 2ms suffix - your servants", "*nəḇîʾîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the prophets", "*dibbərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, piel - they spoke", "*šimḵā*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2ms suffix - your name", "*məlāḵênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st plural suffix - our kings", "*śārênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st plural suffix - our princes/officials", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st plural suffix - our fathers", "*ʿam*": "construct state, masculine, singular - people of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the land" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "we have listened/heard/obeyed", "*ʿăḇāḏeḵā*": "your servants/slaves", "*dibbərû*": "they spoke/declared/proclaimed", "*śārênû*": "our princes/officials/rulers", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/folk" } } 7 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.7", "source": "לְךָ֤ אֲדֹנָי֙ הַצְּדָקָ֔ה וְלָ֛נוּ בֹּ֥שֶׁת הַפָּנִ֖ים כַּיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה לְאִ֤ישׁ יְהוּדָה֙ וּלְיוֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וּֽלְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֞ל הַקְּרֹבִ֣ים וְהָרְחֹקִ֗ים בְּכָל־הָֽאֲרָצוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִדַּחְתָּ֣ם שָׁ֔ם בְּמַעֲלָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָֽעֲלוּ־בָֽךְ׃", "text": "To you *ʾăḏōnāy* the *ṣəḏāqāh*, and to us *bōšeṯ* the *pānîm* as the *yôm* the *zeh*, to *ʾîš* *yəhûḏāh* and to *yôšḇê* *yərûšālayim* and to all-*yiśrāʾêl* the *qərōḇîm* and the *rəḥōqîm* in all-the *ʾărāṣôṯ* which *hiddaḥtām* there in *maʿălām* which *māʿălû*-in you.", "grammar": { "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*ṣəḏāqāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the righteousness", "*bōšeṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular - shame", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the face", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine, singular - this", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - men of", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*yôšḇê*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct - inhabitants of", "*yərûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*qərōḇîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural with definite article - the near ones", "*rəḥōqîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural with definite article - the far ones", "*ʾărāṣôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural with definite article - the lands", "*hiddaḥtām*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular, hiphil with 3mp suffix - you have driven them", "*maʿălām*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3mpl suffix - their unfaithfulness", "*māʿălû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they committed/acted unfaithfully" }, "variants": { "*ṣəḏāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*bōšeṯ*": "shame/humiliation/disgrace", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/countenance", "*qərōḇîm*": "near ones/those who are near", "*rəḥōqîm*": "far ones/those who are far", "*hiddaḥtām*": "you have driven/scattered/banished them", "*maʿălām*": "their unfaithfulness/treachery/rebellion" } } 8 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.8", "source": "יְהוָ֗ה לָ֚נוּ בֹּ֣שֶׁת הַפָּנִ֔ים לִמְלָכֵ֥ינוּ לְשָׂרֵ֖ינוּ וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָ֖אנוּ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*YHWH*, to us *bōšeṯ* the *pānîm*, to *məlāḵênû*, to *śārênû*, and to *ʾăḇōṯênû* who *ḥāṭāʾnû* to you.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*bōšeṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular - shame", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the face", "*məlāḵênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our kings", "*śārênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our princes/officials", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our fathers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*bōšeṯ*": "shame/humiliation/disgrace", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/countenance", "*śārênû*": "our princes/officials/rulers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/missed the mark/failed" } }
  • Hos 4:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Hosea.4.2", "source": "אָלֹ֣ה וְכַחֵ֔שׁ וְרָצֹ֥חַ וְגָנֹ֖ב וְנָאֹ֑ף פָּרָ֕צוּ וְדָמִ֥ים בְּדָמִ֖ים נָגָֽעוּ׃", "text": "*ʾālōh* *wə-kaḥēš* *wə-rāṣōaḥ* *wə-gānōb* *wə-nāʾōf* *pārāṣû* *wə-dāmîm* *bə-dāmîm* *nāgāʿû*", "grammar": { "*ʾālōh*": "infinitive absolute - swearing/cursing", "*wə-kaḥēš*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute - and lying/deceiving", "*wə-rāṣōaḥ*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute - and murdering", "*wə-gānōb*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute - and stealing", "*wə-nāʾōf*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute - and committing adultery", "*pārāṣû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural - they break out/burst forth", "*wə-dāmîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and bloodshed/blood", "*bə-dāmîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - with/against bloodshed/blood", "*nāgāʿû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural - they touched/reached" }, "variants": { "*ʾālōh*": "swearing falsely/cursing", "*kaḥēš*": "lying/deceiving/denying", "*pārāṣû*": "break out/burst through/increase/spread abroad", "*dāmîm*": "bloodshed/blood guilt/bloodiness", "*nāgāʿû*": "touched/reached/struck/approached" } }
  • Ezra 9:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Ezra.9.13", "source": "וְאַֽחֲרֵי֙ כָּל־הַבָּ֣א עָלֵ֔ינוּ בְּמַעֲשֵׂ֙ינוּ֙ הָרָעִ֔ים וּבְאַשְׁמָתֵ֖נוּ הַגְּדֹלָ֑ה כִּ֣י ׀ אַתָּ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ חָשַׂ֤כְתָּֽ לְמַ֙טָּה֙ מֵֽעֲוֺנֵ֔נוּ וְנָתַ֥תָּה לָּ֛נוּ פְּלֵיטָ֖ה כָּזֹֽאת", "text": "And-after all-the-*bôʾ* upon-us in-*maʿăśîm*-our the-*rāʿîm* and-in-*ʾašmâ*-our the-*gǝdōlâ*, for you *ʾĕlōhênû* *ḥāśak*-you to-below from-*ʿāwōn*-our and-*nātan*-you to-us *pǝlêṭâ* like-this", "grammar": { "*bôʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'that which came'", "*maʿăśîm*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our deeds'", "*rāʿîm*": "masculine plural adjective - 'evil/bad'", "*ʾašmâ*": "feminine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'our guilt'", "*gǝdōlâ*": "feminine singular adjective - 'great'", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'", "*ḥāśak*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you have held back'", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'our iniquity'", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you have given'", "*pǝlêṭâ*": "feminine singular - 'deliverance/remnant'" }, "variants": { "*bôʾ*": "come/arrive/happen", "*maʿăśîm*": "deeds/works/actions", "*rāʿîm*": "evil/bad/wicked", "*ʾašmâ*": "guilt/offense/sin", "*ḥāśak*": "held back/withheld/restrained", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*pǝlêṭâ*": "deliverance/remnant/escape" } }
  • Neh 9:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.33", "source": "וְאַתָּ֣ה צַדִּ֔יק עַ֖ל כָּל־הַבָּ֣א עָלֵ֑ינוּ כִּֽי־אֱמֶ֥ת עָשִׂ֖יתָ וַאֲנַ֥חְנוּ הִרְשָֽׁעְנוּ׃", "text": "And-you are *ṣaddîq* concerning all-*hab-bāʾ* upon-us, for-*ʾĕmeṯ* you-*ʿāśîṯā* and-we *hiršāʿnû*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - and you", "*ṣaddîq*": "masculine singular adjective - righteous/just", "*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/regarding", "*kāl-hab-bāʾ*": "noun + definite article + Qal participle masculine singular - all that has come", "*ʿālênû*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - upon us", "*kî-ʾĕmeṯ*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - for truth", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have done", "*wa-ʾănaḥnû*": "conjunction + 1st person plural pronoun - and we", "*hiršāʿnû*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person plural - we have acted wickedly" }, "variants": { "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/just/correct", "*bāʾ*": "come/happened/befallen", "*ʾĕmeṯ*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "done/acted/performed", "*hiršāʿnû*": "acted wickedly/done wrong/been guilty" } }
  • Isa 1:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.4", "source": "ה֣וֹי ׀ גּ֣וֹי חֹטֵ֗א עַ֚ם כֶּ֣בֶד עָוֺ֔ן זֶ֣רַע מְרֵעִ֔ים בָּנִ֖ים מַשְׁחִיתִ֑ים עָזְב֣וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֗ה נִֽאֲצ֛וּ אֶת־קְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל נָזֹ֥רוּ אָחֽוֹר׃", "text": "*hôy* *gôy* *ḥōṭēʾ* *'am* *kebed* *'āwōn* *zera'* *mᵉrē'îm* *bānîm* *mašḥîtîm* *'āzᵊbû* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *niʾăṣû* *ʾet*-*qᵉdôš* *yiśrāʾēl* *nāzōrû* *ʾāḥôr*", "grammar": { "*hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation", "*ḥōṭēʾ*": "participle, qal active, masculine singular - sinning", "*'am*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*kebed*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - heavy with/laden with", "*'āwōn*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity", "*zera'*": "noun, masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of", "*mᵉrē'îm*": "participle, hifil active, masculine plural - evildoers", "*bānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - children/sons", "*mašḥîtîm*": "participle, hifil active, masculine plural - corrupting/destroying", "*'āzᵊbû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they have forsaken", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*niʾăṣû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they have spurned/despised", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*qᵉdôš*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - Holy One of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*nāzōrû*": "verb, nifal perfect, 3rd person plural - they have turned away", "*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - backward" }, "variants": { "*hôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*ḥōṭēʾ*": "sinning/sinful/offending", "*kebed*": "heavy with/laden with/weighed down by", "*mᵉrē'îm*": "evildoers/those who do evil/wicked ones", "*mašḥîtîm*": "corrupting/destroying/acting corruptly", "*'āzᵊbû*": "forsaken/abandoned/left", "*niʾăṣû*": "spurned/despised/rejected/blasphemed", "*nāzōrû*": "turned away/estranged/alienated" } }
  • Isa 3:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.3.9", "source": "הַכָּרַ֤ת פְּנֵיהֶם֙ עָ֣נְתָה בָּ֔ם וְחַטָּאתָ֛ם כִּסְדֹ֥ם הִגִּ֖ידוּ לֹ֣א כִחֵ֑דוּ א֣וֹי לְנַפְשָׁ֔ם כִּֽי־גָמְל֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם רָעָֽה", "text": "The-*hakkārat* *pənêhem* *ʿānətāh* against-them, and-*ḥaṭṭāʾtām* like-*Sədōm* *higgîdû*, not *kiḥēdû*. *ʾôy* to-*napšām*, for-*gāmələû* to-themselves *rāʿāh*", "grammar": { "*hakkārat*": "definite Hiphil infinitive construct - the expression/look", "*pənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their faces", "*ʿānətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she has testified/witnessed against", "*bām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sin", "*kə*": "preposition - like/as", "*Sədōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*higgîdû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have declared/told openly", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*kiḥēdû*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have concealed/hidden", "*ʾôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*nạpšām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their soul", "*gāmələû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have dealt/brought", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to themselves", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/disaster" }, "variants": { "*hakkārat pənêhem*": "the expression of their faces/their countenance", "*ʿānətāh*": "has testified/witnessed against/answered", "*ḥaṭṭāʾt*": "sin/offense/guilt", "*higgîdû*": "they have declared/told openly/announced", "*kiḥēdû*": "they have concealed/hidden/denied", "*ʾôy*": "woe/alas/grief", "*nepeš*": "soul/life/self", "*gāmal*": "dealt/brought/rewarded", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity" } }
  • Jer 3:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.2", "source": "שְׂאִֽי־עֵינַ֨יִךְ עַל־שְׁפָיִ֜ם וּרְאִ֗י אֵיפֹה֙ לֹ֣א *שגלת **שֻׁכַּ֔בְתְּ עַל־דְּרָכִים֙ יָשַׁ֣בְתְּ לָהֶ֔ם כַּעֲרָבִ֖י בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַתַּחֲנִ֣יפִי אֶ֔רֶץ בִּזְנוּתַ֖יִךְ וּבְרָעָתֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*śᵉʾî*-*ʿênayiḵ* upon-*šᵉp̄āyim* and-*rᵉʾî*, where not *šuggalᵉt/**šukkaḇᵉt*. Upon-*dᵉrāḵîm* *yāšaḇᵉt* for-them like-*ʿarāḇî* in-the-*midbar*. *wattaḥănîp̄î* *ʾereṣ* with-*zᵉnûtayiḵ* and-with-*rāʿātēḵ*.", "grammar": { "*śᵉʾî*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - 'lift up'", "*ʿênayiḵ*": "noun, dual construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your eyes'", "*šᵉp̄āyim*": "noun, masculine plural - 'bare heights/high places'", "*rᵉʾî*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - 'see/look'", "*šuggalᵉt/**šukkaḇᵉt*": "Kethib/Qere: Pual perfect 2nd feminine singular - 'you were ravished/you were lain with'", "*dᵉrāḵîm*": "noun, feminine plural - 'roads/ways/paths'", "*yāšaḇᵉt*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - 'you sat/waited'", "*ʿarāḇî*": "noun, masculine singular - 'Arab/nomad'", "*midbar*": "noun, masculine singular - 'wilderness/desert'", "*wattaḥănîp̄î*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and you polluted'", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'land/earth'", "*zᵉnûtayiḵ*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your harlotries/prostitutions'", "*rāʿātēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your wickedness/evil'" }, "variants": { "*śᵉʾî*": "lift up/raise", "*ʿênayiḵ*": "your eyes", "*šᵉp̄āyim*": "bare heights/high places/barren hills", "*rᵉʾî*": "see/look/observe", "*šuggalᵉt/**šukkaḇᵉt*": "you were ravished/you were lain with/you were violated", "*dᵉrāḵîm*": "roads/ways/paths", "*yāšaḇᵉt*": "you sat/you waited/you dwelled", "*ʿarāḇî*": "Arab/nomad/desert dweller", "*midbar*": "wilderness/desert/wasteland", "*wattaḥănîp̄î*": "and you polluted/defiled/profaned", "*zᵉnûtayiḵ*": "your harlotries/prostitutions/adulteries", "*rāʿātēḵ*": "your wickedness/evil/wrongdoing" } }
  • Jer 5:3-9 : 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.3", "source": "יְהֹוָ֗ה עֵינֶיךָ֮ הֲל֣וֹא לֶאֱמוּנָה֒ הִכִּ֤יתָה אֹתָם֙ וְֽלֹא־חָ֔לוּ כִּלִּיתָ֕ם מֵאֲנ֖וּ קַ֣חַת מוּסָ֑ר חִזְּק֤וּ פְנֵיהֶם֙ מִסֶּ֔לַע מֵאֲנ֖וּ לָשֽׁוּב׃", "text": "*YHWH*, *'ênêkā* *hălô'* for *'ĕmûnāh*? *Hikkîtā* them and not-*ḥālû*; *killîtām*, they *mē'ănû* *qaḥat* *mûsār*; they *ḥizzəqû* *pənêhem* more than *sela'*, they *mē'ănû* *lāšûb*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*'ênêkā*": "noun, dual construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*hălô'*": "interrogative particle - are not?/is not?", "*lə*": "preposition - to/for", "*'ĕmûnāh*": "noun, feminine singular - faithfulness/truth", "*hikkîtā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular, hiphil - you struck/smote", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*ḥālû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they were in pain/grieved", "*killîtām*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - you destroyed/consumed them", "*mē'ănû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, piel - they refused", "*qaḥat*": "infinitive construct - to take/receive", "*mûsār*": "noun, masculine singular - discipline/instruction/correction", "*ḥizzəqû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, piel - they hardened/strengthened", "*pənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their faces", "*mi*": "preposition - from/more than", "*sela'*": "noun, masculine singular - rock/cliff", "*lāšûb*": "infinitive construct - to return/repent" }, "variants": { "*'ĕmûnāh*": "faithfulness/truth/firmness", "*hikkîtā*": "you struck/smote/hit", "*ḥālû*": "they were pained/grieved/became weak", "*killîtām*": "you destroyed/consumed/finished them", "*mē'ănû*": "they refused/rejected/were unwilling", "*mûsār*": "discipline/instruction/correction", "*ḥizzəqû*": "they hardened/strengthened/made firm", "*sela'*": "rock/cliff/crag", "*lāšûb*": "to return/repent/turn back" } } 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.4", "source": "וַאֲנִ֣י אָמַ֔רְתִּי אַךְ־דַּלִּ֖ים הֵ֑ם נוֹאֲל֕וּ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יָדְעוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְהוָ֔ה מִשְׁפַּ֖ט אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *'ănî* *'āmartî*, surely-*dallîm* they are; they *nô'ălû* because not they *yādə'û* *derek* *YHWH*, *mišpaṭ* their *'ĕlōhîm*.", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*'ănî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*'āmartî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I said", "*'ak*": "adverb - surely/only/indeed", "*dallîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - poor/low/weak", "*hēm*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine plural - they", "*nô'ălû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, niphal - they became foolish", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*yādə'û*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they knew", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way/road/manner", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment/justice", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God" }, "variants": { "*dallîm*": "poor/weak/insignificant/low", "*nô'ălû*": "they became foolish/were senseless/acted foolishly", "*derek*": "way/road/path/manner/conduct", "*mišpaṭ*": "judgment/justice/ordinance/custom" } } 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.5", "source": "אֵֽלֲכָה־לִּ֤י אֶל־הַגְּדֹלִים֙ וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה אוֹתָ֔ם כִּ֣י הֵ֗מָּה יָדְעוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְהוָ֔ה מִשְׁפַּ֖ט אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם אַ֣ךְ הֵ֤מָּה יַחְדָּו֙ שָׁ֣בְרוּ עֹ֔ל נִתְּק֖וּ מוֹסֵרֽוֹת׃", "text": "*'ēlăkâ*-to me to-*haggədōlîm* and *'ădabbərâ* them, for *hēmmâ* *yādə'û* *derek* *YHWH*, *mišpaṭ* their *'ĕlōhîm*; surely *hēmmâ* *yaḥdāw* *šābərû* *'ōl*, *nittəqû* *môsērôt*.", "grammar": { "*'ēlăkâ*": "cohortative, 1st singular - I will go", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - to me/for myself", "*'el*": "preposition - to/toward", "*haggədōlîm*": "article + adjective, masculine plural - the great ones", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*'ădabbərâ*": "cohortative, 1st singular, piel - I will speak", "*'ôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hēmmâ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine plural - they", "*yādə'û*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they knew", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way/road", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment/justice", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God", "*'ak*": "adverb - surely/only", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together/altogether", "*šābərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they broke", "*'ōl*": "noun, masculine singular - yoke", "*nittəqû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, piel - they tore off/burst", "*môsērôt*": "noun, feminine plural - bonds/fetters" }, "variants": { "*'ēlăkâ*-*lî*": "I will go (for myself)", "*haggədōlîm*": "the great ones/leaders/nobles", "*yaḥdāw*": "together/all at once/alike", "*šābərû*": "they broke/shattered/destroyed", "*'ōl*": "yoke/burden", "*nittəqû*": "they tore off/burst/broke away", "*môsērôt*": "bonds/fetters/restraints" } } 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.6", "source": "עַל־כֵּן֩ הִכָּ֨ם אַרְיֵ֜ה מִיַּ֗עַר זְאֵ֤ב עֲרָבוֹת֙ יְשָׁדְדֵ֔ם נָמֵ֤ר שֹׁקֵד֙ עַל־עָ֣רֵיהֶ֔ם כָּל־הַיּוֹצֵ֥א מֵהֵ֖נָּה יִטָּרֵ֑ף כִּ֤י רַבּוּ֙ פִּשְׁעֵיהֶ֔ם עָצְמ֖וּ מְשׁוּבוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Upon-thus *hikkām* *'aryēh* from *ya'ar*, *zə'ēb* *'ărābôt* *yəšāddēm*, *nāmēr* *šōqēd* upon-their *'ārêhem*; all-*hayyôṣē'* from them *yiṭṭārēp*; because they *rabbû* their *piš'êhem*, they *'āṣəmû* their *məšûbôtêhem*.", "grammar": { "*'al*": "preposition - upon/on/because of", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*hikkām*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix, hiphil - he struck them", "*'aryēh*": "noun, masculine singular - lion", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*ya'ar*": "noun, masculine singular - forest", "*zə'ēb*": "noun, masculine singular - wolf", "*'ărābôt*": "noun, feminine plural - plains/deserts/steppes", "*yəšāddēm*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix, piel - he will ravage them", "*nāmēr*": "noun, masculine singular - leopard", "*šōqēd*": "participle, masculine singular, qal - watching/lying in wait", "*'al*": "preposition - upon/against", "*'ārêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their cities", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all/every", "*hayyôṣē'*": "article + participle, masculine singular, qal - the one going out", "*mēhēnnâ*": "preposition + 3rd feminine plural suffix - from them", "*yiṭṭārēp*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, niphal - he will be torn to pieces", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*rabbû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they are many/increased", "*piš'êhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their transgressions", "*'āṣəmû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they were numerous/mighty", "*məšûbôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their apostasies/backslidings" }, "variants": { "*hikkām*": "struck them/attacked them", "*'aryēh*": "lion", "*zə'ēb*": "wolf", "*'ărābôt*": "plains/deserts/steppes/wilderness", "*yəšāddēm*": "ravages them/destroys them/plunders them", "*nāmēr*": "leopard/panther", "*šōqēd*": "watching/lying in wait/being vigilant", "*yiṭṭārēp*": "will be torn to pieces/mauled", "*rabbû*": "are many/have increased/multiplied", "*piš'êhem*": "their transgressions/rebellions/crimes", "*'āṣəmû*": "are numerous/mighty/strong", "*məšûbôtêhem*": "their apostasies/backslidings/rebellions" } } 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.7", "source": "אֵ֤י לָזֹאת֙ אֶֽסְלַֽח־לָ֔ךְ בָּנַ֣יִךְ עֲזָב֔וּנִי וַיִּשָּׁבְע֖וּ בְּלֹ֣א אֱלֹהִ֑ים וָאַשְׂבִּ֤עַ אוֹתָם֙ וַיִּנְאָ֔פוּ וּבֵ֥ית זוֹנָ֖ה יִתְגֹּדָֽדוּ׃", "text": "*'ê* for this *'eslaḥ*-to you? Your *bānayik* *'ăzābûnî* and they *wayyiššābə'û* by not *'ĕlōhîm*; and I *wā'aśbîa'* them, and they *wayyinə'āpû*, and house of *zônâ* they *yitgōdādû*.", "grammar": { "*'ê*": "interrogative - how?", "*lāzō't*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - for this", "*'eslaḥ*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will forgive", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*bānayik*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sons/children", "*'ăzābûnî*": "perfect, 3rd plural + 1st singular suffix - they forsook me", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*yiššābə'û*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, niphal - they swore", "*bə*": "preposition - by/with", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*'aśbîa'*": "imperfect, 1st singular, hiphil - I satisfied/filled", "*'ôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*yinə'āpû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, qal - they committed adultery", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*zônâ*": "participle, feminine singular, qal - prostitute/harlot", "*yitgōdādû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, hithpael - they gathered themselves" }, "variants": { "*'ê*": "how?/where?", "*'eslaḥ*": "I will forgive/pardon", "*'ăzābûnî*": "they forsook me/abandoned me/left me", "*wayyiššābə'û*": "they swore/took oath", "*wā'aśbîa'*": "I satisfied/filled/made content", "*wayyinə'āpû*": "they committed adultery/were unfaithful", "*zônâ*": "prostitute/harlot", "*yitgōdādû*": "they gathered themselves/crowded together/cut themselves" } } 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.8", "source": "סוּסִ֥ים מְיֻזָּנִ֖ים מַשְׁכִּ֣ים הָי֑וּ אִ֛ישׁ אֶל־אֵ֥שֶׁת רֵעֵ֖הוּ יִצְהָֽלוּ׃", "text": "*sûsîm* *məyuzzānîm* *maškîm* they *hāyû*; *'îš* to-*'ēšet* his *rē'ēhû* they *yiṣhālû*.", "grammar": { "*sûsîm*": "noun, masculine plural - horses", "*məyuzzānîm*": "participle, masculine plural, pual - well-fed/lusty", "*maškîm*": "participle, masculine plural, hiphil - rising early", "*hāyû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they were", "*'îš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each one", "*'el*": "preposition - to/toward", "*'ēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of", "*rē'ēhû*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor/friend", "*yiṣhālû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they neigh" }, "variants": { "*məyuzzānîm*": "well-fed/lusty/stallions", "*maškîm*": "rising early/eager", "*yiṣhālû*": "they neigh/lust after/desire" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.9", "source": "הַֽעַל־אֵ֥לֶּה לוֹא־אֶפְקֹ֖ד נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֑ה וְאִם֙ בְּג֣וֹי אֲשֶׁר־כָּזֶ֔ה לֹ֥א תִתְנַקֵּ֖ם נַפְשִֽׁי׃ ס", "text": "?Upon-these not-*'epqōd* *nə'um*-*YHWH*; and if by *gôy* that-like this not *titnaqēm* my *napšî*.", "grammar": { "*ha*": "interrogative prefix - ?", "*'al*": "preposition - upon/for", "*'ēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*'epqōd*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will visit/punish", "*nə'um*": "construct noun - declaration/utterance of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*'im*": "conditional particle - if", "*bə*": "preposition - in/by", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*kāzeh*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun - like this", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*titnaqēm*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, hithpael - she will avenge herself", "*napšî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my soul" }, "variants": { "*'epqōd*": "I will visit/punish/take account", "*nə'um*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*titnaqēm*": "avenge herself/take vengeance", "*napšî*": "my soul/self/being" } }
  • Jer 5:25-29 : 25 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.25", "source": "עֲוֺנוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם הִטּוּ־אֵ֑לֶּה וְחַטֹּ֣אותֵיכֶ֔ם מָנְע֥וּ הַטּ֖וֹב מִכֶּֽם׃", "text": "Your *'ăwōnôtêkem* *hiṭṭû*-these, and your *ḥaṭṭō'wtêkem* *mānə'û* the *haṭṭôb* from you.", "grammar": { "*'ăwōnôtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your iniquities", "*hiṭṭû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, hiphil - they turned aside", "*'ēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥaṭṭō'wtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your sins", "*mānə'û*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they withheld", "*ha*": "article - the", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*mikkem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - from you" }, "variants": { "*'ăwōnôtêkem*": "your iniquities/perversities/guilt", "*hiṭṭû*": "turned aside/diverted/prevented", "*ḥaṭṭō'wtêkem*": "your sins/offenses", "*mānə'û*": "withheld/kept back/hindered", "*haṭṭôb*": "the good/the benefit/good things" } } 26 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.26", "source": "כִּי־נִמְצְא֥וּ בְעַמִּ֖י רְשָׁעִ֑ים יָשׁוּר֙ כְּשַׁ֣ךְ יְקוּשִׁ֔ים הִצִּ֥יבוּ מַשְׁחִ֖ית אֲנָשִׁ֥ים יִלְכֹּֽדוּ׃", "text": "For-*nimṣə'û* in my *'ammî* *rəšā'îm*; they *yāšûr* like stooping of *yəqûšîm*, they *hiṣṣîbû* *mašḥît*, *'ănāšîm* they *yilkōdû*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*nimṣə'û*": "perfect, 3rd plural, niphal - they were found", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*'ammî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - my people", "*rəšā'îm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wicked/evil men", "*yāšûr*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he watches/lurks", "*kə*": "preposition - like/as", "*šak*": "infinitive construct - stooping/crouching", "*yəqûšîm*": "participle, masculine plural, qal - fowlers/bird-catchers", "*hiṣṣîbû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, hiphil - they set", "*mašḥît*": "noun, masculine singular - destroyer/trap", "*'ănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*yilkōdû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they catch" }, "variants": { "*nimṣə'û*": "are found/discovered/detected", "*rəšā'îm*": "wicked men/evil ones/criminals", "*yāšûr*": "watches/lurks/lies in wait", "*kəšak yəqûšîm*": "like fowlers crouching/like bird-catchers hiding", "*hiṣṣîbû mašḥît*": "they set traps/establish destructive devices", "*yilkōdû*": "they catch/capture/ensnare" } } 27 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.27", "source": "כִּכְלוּב֙ מָ֣לֵא ע֔וֹף כֵּ֥ן בָּתֵּיהֶ֖ם מְלֵאִ֣ים מִרְמָ֑ה עַל־כֵּ֥ן גָּדְל֖וּ וַֽיַּעֲשִֽׁירוּ׃", "text": "Like *kəlûb* *mālē'* *'ôp*, so their *bāttêhem* *məlē'îm* *mirmâ*; upon-thus they *gādəlû* and they *wayya'ăšîrû*.", "grammar": { "*ki*": "preposition - like/as", "*kəlûb*": "noun, masculine singular - cage", "*mālē'*": "adjective, masculine singular - full", "*'ôp*": "noun, masculine singular - birds/fowl", "*kēn*": "adverb - so/thus", "*bāttêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their houses", "*məlē'îm*": "adjective, masculine plural - full", "*mirmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - deceit", "*'al*": "preposition - upon/because of", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*gādəlû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they became great", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*ya'ăšîrû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, hiphil - they became rich" }, "variants": { "*kəlûb*": "cage/basket", "*mirmâ*": "deceit/fraud/treachery", "*gādəlû*": "became great/grew powerful/increased", "*wayya'ăšîrû*": "became rich/gained wealth" } } 28 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.28", "source": "שָׁמְנ֣וּ עָשְׁת֗וּ גַּ֚ם עָֽבְר֣וּ דִבְרֵי־רָ֔ע דִּ֣ין לֹא־דָ֔נוּ דִּ֥ין יָת֖וֹם וְיַצְלִ֑יחוּ וּמִשְׁפַּ֥ט אֶבְיוֹנִ֖ים לֹ֥א שָׁפָֽטוּ׃", "text": "They *šāmənû* they *'āšətû*, also they *'ābrû* *dibrê*-*rā'*; *dîn* not-they *dānû*, *dîn* *yātôm* and they *yaṣlîḥû*; and *mišpaṭ* *'ebyônîm* not they *šāpāṭû*.", "grammar": { "*šāmənû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they grew fat", "*'āšətû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they shine/are sleek", "*gam*": "adverb - also/even", "*'ābrû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they surpass/exceed", "*dibrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words/matters of", "*rā'*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil/bad", "*dîn*": "noun, masculine singular - judgment/case", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*dānû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they judged", "*dîn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment/case of", "*yātôm*": "noun, masculine singular - orphan/fatherless", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yaṣlîḥû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, hiphil - they prosper/succeed", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment/right of", "*'ebyônîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - needy/poor", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*šāpāṭû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they judged" }, "variants": { "*šāmənû*": "they grew fat/became sleek/were prosperous", "*'āšətû*": "they shine/are sleek/are glossy", "*'ābrû dibrê-rā'*": "they surpass deeds of evil/exceed in wicked matters", "*dîn*": "judgment/case/lawsuit", "*yaṣlîḥû*": "they prosper/succeed/achieve success", "*'ebyônîm*": "needy/poor/destitute" } } 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.29", "source": "הַֽעַל־אֵ֥לֶּה לֹֽא־אֶפְקֹ֖ד נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֑ה אִ֚ם בְּג֣וֹי אֲשֶׁר־כָּזֶ֔ה לֹ֥א תִתְנַקֵּ֖ם נַפְשִֽׁי׃ ס", "text": "?Upon-these not-I will *'epqōd* *nə'um*-*YHWH*; if on *gôy* that-like this not *titnaqēm* my *napšî*.", "grammar": { "*ha*": "interrogative prefix - ?", "*'al*": "preposition - upon/for", "*'ēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*'epqōd*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will visit/punish", "*nə'um*": "construct noun - declaration/utterance of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*'im*": "conditional particle - if", "*bə*": "preposition - in/by", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*kāzeh*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun - like this", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*titnaqēm*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, hithpael - she will avenge herself", "*napšî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my soul" }, "variants": { "*'epqōd*": "I will visit/punish/take account", "*nə'um*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*titnaqēm*": "avenge herself/take vengeance", "*napšî*": "my soul/self/being" } }
  • Jer 7:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.8", "source": "הִנֵּ֤ה אַתֶּם֙ בֹּטְחִ֣ים לָכֶ֔ם עַל־דִּבְרֵ֖י הַשָּׁ֑קֶר לְבִלְתִּ֖י הוֹעִֽיל׃", "text": "Behold you *bōṭĕḥîm* to-you on-*dibrê* the-*šāqer* to-not *hôʿîl*", "grammar": { "*bōṭĕḥîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - trusting", "*dibrê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - words of", "*šāqer*": "definite noun, masculine singular - falsehood/lie", "*hôʿîl*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to profit/benefit" }, "variants": { "*bōṭĕḥîm*": "trusting/relying/depending", "*dibrê*": "words/sayings/utterances", "*šāqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*hôʿîl*": "profit/benefit/avail" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.9", "source": "הֲגָנֹ֤ב ׀ רָצֹ֙חַ֙ וְֽנָאֹ֗‪[t]‬ף וְהִשָּׁבֵ֥עַ לַשֶּׁ֖קֶר וְקַטֵּ֣ר לַבָּ֑עַל וְהָלֹ֗ךְ אַחֲרֵ֛י אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יְדַעְתֶּֽם׃", "text": "?*gānōb rāṣōaḥ wĕ*-*nāʾōf wĕ*-*hiššābēaʿ* to-the-*šeqer wĕ*-*qaṭṭēr* to-the-*Baʿal wĕ*-*hālōk* after *ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm* which not-*yĕdaʿtem*", "grammar": { "*gānōb*": "Qal infinitive absolute - stealing", "*rāṣōaḥ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - murdering", "*nāʾōf*": "Qal infinitive absolute - committing adultery", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*hiššābēaʿ*": "Niphal infinitive absolute - swearing", "*šeqer*": "definite noun, masculine singular - falsehood/lie", "*qaṭṭēr*": "Piel infinitive absolute - burning incense", "*Baʿal*": "proper noun - Baal (deity)", "*hālōk*": "Qal infinitive absolute - walking/going", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other/strange", "*yĕdaʿtem*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you knew" }, "variants": { "*gānōb*": "stealing/theft", "*rāṣōaḥ*": "murdering/killing", "*nāʾōf*": "committing adultery", "*hiššābēaʿ*": "swearing/taking oaths", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*qaṭṭēr*": "burning incense/offering sacrifice", "*Baʿal*": "Baal (deity)", "*hālōk*": "walking/going/following", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*yĕdaʿtem*": "you knew/you have known/you recognize" } } 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.10", "source": "וּבָאתֶ֞ם וַעֲמַדְתֶּ֣ם לְפָנַ֗י בַּבַּ֤יִת הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִקְרָא־שְׁמִ֣י עָלָ֔יו וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֖ם נִצַּ֑לְנוּ לְמַ֣עַן עֲשׂ֔וֹת אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַתּוֹעֵב֖וֹת הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "*û*-*bāʾtem wa*-*ʿămadtem* before-me in-the-*bayit* the-this which *niqrāʾ*-my-*šĕmî* upon-it *wa*-*ʾămartem niṣṣalnû* for-purpose *ʿăśôt ʾēt* all-the-*tôʿēbôt* the-these", "grammar": { "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*bāʾtem*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you came", "*wa*": "consecutive waw", "*ʿămadtem*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you stood", "*bayit*": "definite noun, masculine singular - house", "*niqrāʾ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is called", "*šĕmî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - my name", "*ʾămartem*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you said", "*niṣṣalnû*": "Niphal perfect, 1st plural - we are delivered", "*ʿăśôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do/perform", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*tôʿēbôt*": "definite noun, feminine plural - abominations" }, "variants": { "*bāʾtem*": "you came/you entered", "*ʿămadtem*": "you stood/you presented yourselves", "*bayit*": "house/temple/dwelling", "*niqrāʾ*": "is called/is named/bears", "*niṣṣalnû*": "we are delivered/we are saved/we are rescued", "*ʿăśôt*": "to do/to commit/to practice", "*tôʿēbôt*": "abominations/detestable things/abhorrent practices" } }

Similar Verses (AI)

These verses are found using AI-powered semantic similarity based on meaning and context. Results may occasionally include unexpected connections.

  • 20{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.14.20", "source": "יָדַ֧עְנוּ יְהוָ֛ה רִשְׁעֵ֖נוּ עֲוֺ֣ן אֲבוֹתֵ֑ינוּ כִּ֥י חָטָ֖אנוּ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*yāḏaʿnû* *YHWH* *rišʿēnû* *ʿăwōn* *ʾăḇôṯênû* for *ḥāṭāʾnû* to-you", "grammar": { "*yāḏaʿnû*": "qal perfect, 1st plural - we know", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*rišʿēnû*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - our wickedness", "*ʿăwōn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾăḇôṯênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our fathers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "qal perfect, 1st plural - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*rišʿēnû*": "our wickedness/evil/guilt", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment" } }

  • 7{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.14.7", "source": "אִם־עֲוֺנֵ֙ינוּ֙ עָ֣נוּ בָ֔נוּ יְהוָ֕ה עֲשֵׂ֖ה לְמַ֣עַן שְׁמֶ֑ךָ כִּֽי־רַבּ֥וּ מְשׁוּבֹתֵ֖ינוּ לְךָ֥ חָטָֽאנוּ׃", "text": "If-*ʿăwōnênû* *ʿānû* against-us, *YHWH* *ʿăśēh* for-sake *šəmeḵā* for-*rabbû* *məšûḇōṯênû* to-you *ḥāṭāʾnû*", "grammar": { "*ʿăwōnênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our iniquities", "*ʿānû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they testify/answer", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʿăśēh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - do/act", "*šəmeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name", "*rabbû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they are many/have multiplied", "*məšûḇōṯênû*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our backslidings/apostasies", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "qal perfect, 1st plural - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*ʿăwōnênû*": "our iniquities/sins/guilt", "*ʿānû*": "testify against/answer/respond", "*məšûḇōṯênû*": "our backslidings/apostasies/rebellions/turnings away" } }

  • 13{ "verseID": "Isaiah.59.13", "source": "פָּשֹׁ֤עַ וְכַחֵשׁ֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה וְנָס֖וֹג מֵאַחַ֣ר אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ דַּבֶּר־עֹ֣שֶׁק וְסָרָ֔ה הֹר֧וֹ וְהֹג֛וֹ מִלֵּ֖ב דִּבְרֵי־שָֽׁקֶר׃", "text": "*Pāšōaʿ* and-*kaḥēš* against-*YHWH* and-*nāsôg* from-after *ʾĕlōhênû* *dabber-ʿōšeq* and-*sārāh* *hōrô* and-*hōgô* from-*lēb* *dibrê-šāqer*", "grammar": { "*Pāšōaʿ*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - transgressing/rebelling", "*kaḥēš*": "verb, piel infinitive absolute - denying/lying", "*nāsôg*": "verb, niphal infinitive absolute - turning away/departing", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our God", "*dabber-ʿōšeq*": "verb phrase, piel infinitive construct + noun - speaking oppression", "*sārāh*": "noun, feminine singular - revolt/apostasy", "*hōrô*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - conceiving", "*hōgô*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - uttering/muttering", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular - heart", "*dibrê-šāqer*": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun - words of falsehood" }, "variants": { "*Pāšōaʿ*": "transgressing/rebelling/revolting", "*kaḥēš*": "denying/lying/deceiving", "*nāsôg*": "turning away/departing/withdrawing", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "our God (plural form with singular meaning)", "*ʿōšeq*": "oppression/extortion/unjust gain", "*sārāh*": "revolt/apostasy/rebellion", "*hōrô*": "conceiving/becoming pregnant with", "*hōgô*": "uttering/muttering/meditating on", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*šāqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception" } }

  • 5{ "verseID": "Daniel.9.5", "source": "חָטָ֥אנוּ וְעָוִ֖ינוּ *והרשענו **הִרְשַׁ֣עְנוּ וּמָרָ֑דְנוּ וְס֥וֹר מִמִּצְוֺתֶ֖ךָ וּמִמִּשְׁפָּטֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*ḥāṭāʾnû* and *ʿāwînû* and *hiršaʿnû* and *mārāḏnû* and *sôr* from *miṣwōṯeḵā* and from *mišpāṭeḵā*.", "grammar": { "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned", "*ʿāwînû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have committed iniquity", "*hiršaʿnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, hiphil - we have done wickedly", "*mārāḏnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have rebelled", "*sôr*": "infinitive absolute, qal - turning away", "*miṣwōṯeḵā*": "noun, feminine, plural with 2ms suffix - your commandments", "*mišpāṭeḵā*": "noun, masculine, plural with 2ms suffix - your judgments/ordinances" }, "variants": { "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/missed the mark/failed", "*ʿāwînû*": "we have committed iniquity/twisted/perverted", "*hiršaʿnû*": "we have acted wickedly/done wrong/been guilty", "*mārāḏnû*": "we have rebelled/been disobedient/revolted", "*sôr*": "turning away/departing/deviating", "*mišpāṭeḵā*": "your judgments/ordinances/laws" } }

  • 8{ "verseID": "Psalms.90.8", "source": "שַׁתָּ֣ה עֲוֺנֹתֵ֣ינוּ לְנֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ עֲ֝לֻמֵ֗נוּ לִמְא֥וֹר פָּנֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "You *šattâ* our *ʿăwōnōṯ* in *negdêḵā*, our *ʿălumēnû* to *mĕʾôr* of your *pānêḵā*.", "grammar": { "*šattâ*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have set/placed", "*ʿăwōnōṯênû*": "masculine plural + 1st plural suffix - our iniquities", "*lĕnegdêḵā*": "preposition + masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - before you/in your presence", "*ʿălumēnû*": "masculine plural + 1st plural suffix - our secret things/hidden things", "*limĕʾôr*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - to the light of", "*pānêḵā*": "masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your face/presence" }, "variants": { "*šattâ*": "you have set/you have placed/you have established", "*ʿăwōnōṯ*": "iniquities/sins/guilt", "*negdêḵā*": "before you/in your presence/opposite you", "*ʿălumēnû*": "our secret things/our hidden things/our hidden sins", "*mĕʾôr pānêḵā*": "light of your face/illumination of your presence/your revealing gaze" } }

  • 3{ "verseID": "Psalms.51.3", "source": "חָנֵּ֣נִי אֱלֹהִ֣ים כְּחַסְדֶּ֑ךָ כְּרֹ֥ב רַ֝חֲמֶ֗יךָ מְחֵ֣ה פְשָׁעָֽי׃", "text": "*ḥānnēnî* *ʾĕlōhîm* according-to-*ḥasdəkā* according-to-abundance-of *raḥămêkā* *məḥēh* *pəšāʿāy*", "grammar": { "*ḥānnēnî*": "Qal imperative with 1st person singular suffix - be gracious to me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*ḥasdəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your lovingkindness", "*raḥămêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your compassions", "*məḥēh*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - blot out/wipe away", "*pəšāʿāy*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my transgressions" }, "variants": { "*ḥānnēnî*": "be gracious to me/have mercy on me/favor me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings (plural form used for singular deity)", "*ḥasdəkā*": "your lovingkindness/steadfast love/covenant faithfulness", "*raḥămêkā*": "your compassions/mercies/tender feelings", "*məḥēh*": "blot out/wipe away/erase", "*pəšāʿāy*": "my transgressions/rebellions/crimes" } }

  • 11{ "verseID": "Isaiah.59.11", "source": "נֶהֱמֶ֤ה כַדֻּבִּים֙ כֻּלָּ֔נוּ וְכַיּוֹנִ֖ים הָגֹ֣ה נֶהְגֶּ֑ה נְקַוֶּ֤ה לַמִּשְׁפָּט֙ וָאַ֔יִן לִֽישׁוּעָ֖ה רָחֲקָ֥ה מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*Nehĕmeh* like-*dubbîm* all-us and-like-*yônîm* *hāgōh* *nehgeh* *nəqawweh* to-*mišpāṭ* and-there-is-none to-*yəšûʿāh* *rāḥăqāh* from-us", "grammar": { "*Nehĕmeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st plural - we growl/moan", "*dubbîm*": "noun, masculine plural - bears", "*yônîm*": "noun, feminine plural - doves", "*hāgōh*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - moaning/mourning", "*nehgeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st plural - we moan/mutter", "*nəqawweh*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st plural - we hope/wait for", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment", "*yəšûʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - salvation/deliverance", "*rāḥăqāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it is far/distant" }, "variants": { "*Nehĕmeh*": "we growl/moan/roar", "*dubbîm*": "bears", "*yônîm*": "doves/pigeons", "*hāgōh*": "moaning/mourning/cooing", "*nehgeh*": "we moan/mutter/coo", "*nəqawweh*": "we hope/wait for/expect", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right", "*yəšûʿāh*": "salvation/deliverance/help", "*rāḥăqāh*": "it is far/distant/removed" } }

  • Dan 9:11-15
    5 verses
    77%

    11{ "verseID": "Daniel.9.11", "source": "וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל עָֽבְרוּ֙ אֶת־תּ֣וֹרָתֶ֔ךָ וְס֕וֹר לְבִלְתִּ֖י שְׁמ֣וֹעַ בְּקֹלֶ֑ךָ וַתִּתַּ֨ךְ עָלֵ֜ינוּ הָאָלָ֣ה וְהַשְּׁבֻעָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר כְּתוּבָה֙ בְּתוֹרַת֙ מֹשֶׁ֣ה עֶֽבֶד־הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים כִּ֥י חָטָ֖אנוּ לֽוֹ׃", "text": "And all-*yiśrāʾêl* *ʿāḇrû* *ʾeṯ*-*tôrāṯeḵā* and *sôr* to not *šəmôaʿ* in *qōleḵā*, and *wattittaḵ* upon us the *ʾālāh* and the *šəḇuʿāh* which *kəṯûḇāh* in *tôraṯ* *mōšeh* *ʿeḇeḏ*-the *ʾĕlōhîm* for *ḥāṭāʾnû* to him.", "grammar": { "*yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿāḇrû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they transgressed", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*tôrāṯeḵā*": "noun, feminine, singular with 2ms suffix - your law", "*sôr*": "infinitive absolute, qal - turning aside", "*šəmôaʿ*": "infinitive construct, qal - to hear", "*qōleḵā*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2ms suffix - your voice", "*wattittaḵ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, qal - and it was poured out", "*ʾālāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the curse", "*šəḇuʿāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the oath", "*kəṯûḇāh*": "passive participle, qal, feminine, singular - written", "*tôraṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - law of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿeḇeḏ*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - servant of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the God", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*ʿāḇrû*": "they transgressed/crossed over/violated", "*sôr*": "turning aside/departing/deviating", "*šəmôaʿ*": "to hear/listen/obey", "*wattittaḵ*": "and it was poured out/spilled/brought down", "*ʾālāh*": "curse/oath of punishment", "*šəḇuʿāh*": "oath/sworn judgment" } }

    12{ "verseID": "Daniel.9.12", "source": "וַיָּ֜קֶם אֶת־*דבריו **דְּבָר֣וֹ ׀ אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֣ר עָלֵ֗ינוּ וְעַ֤ל שֹֽׁפְטֵ֙ינוּ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שְׁפָט֔וּנוּ לְהָבִ֥יא עָלֵ֖ינוּ רָעָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־נֶעֶשְׂתָ֗ה תַּ֚חַת כָּל־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר נֶעֶשְׂתָ֖ה בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "And *wayyāqem* *ʾeṯ*-*dəḇārô* which *dibber* against us and against *šōp̄əṭênû* who *šəp̄āṭûnû* to *hāḇîʾ* upon us *rāʿāh* *ḡəḏōlāh* which not-*neʿeśtāh* under all-the *šāmayim* as *neʿeśtāh* in *yərûšālayim*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāqem*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - and he confirmed/established", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*dəḇārô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3ms suffix - his word", "*dibber*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, piel - he spoke", "*šōp̄əṭênû*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our judges", "*šəp̄āṭûnû*": "perfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal with 1pl suffix - they judged us", "*hāḇîʾ*": "infinitive construct, hiphil - to bring", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - evil/disaster", "*ḡəḏōlāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - great", "*neʿeśtāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular, niphal - it was done", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the heavens", "*yərûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*wayyāqem*": "and he confirmed/established/fulfilled", "*dəḇārô*": "his word/statement/promise", "*dibber*": "he spoke/declared/pronounced", "*šōp̄əṭênû*": "our judges/rulers/leaders", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity/misfortune", "*neʿeśtāh*": "it was done/performed/accomplished" } }

    13{ "verseID": "Daniel.9.13", "source": "כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר כָּתוּב֙ בְּתוֹרַ֣ת מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֵ֛ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את בָּ֣אָה עָלֵ֑ינוּ וְלֹֽא־חִלִּ֜ינוּ אֶת־פְּנֵ֣י ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ לָשׁוּב֙ מֵֽעֲוֺנֵ֔נוּ וּלְהַשְׂכִּ֖יל בַּאֲמִתֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "As *kāṯûḇ* in *tôraṯ* *mōšeh* *ʾêṯ* all-the *rāʿāh* the *zōʾṯ* *bāʾāh* upon us and not-*ḥillînû* *ʾeṯ*-*pənê* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* to *lāšûḇ* from *ʿăwōnênû* and to *haśkîl* in *ʾămitteḵā*.", "grammar": { "*kāṯûḇ*": "passive participle, qal, masculine, singular - written", "*tôraṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - law of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾêṯ*": "direct object marker", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the evil/disaster", "*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine, singular - this", "*bāʾāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular, qal - it came", "*ḥillînû*": "perfect, 1st plural, piel - we entreated/appeased", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - face of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our God", "*lāšûḇ*": "infinitive construct, qal - to return/turn", "*ʿăwōnênû*": "noun, masculine, singular with 1pl suffix - our iniquity", "*haśkîl*": "infinitive construct, hiphil - to understand/gain insight", "*ʾămitteḵā*": "noun, feminine, singular with 2ms suffix - your truth" }, "variants": { "*kāṯûḇ*": "written/recorded/inscribed", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity/misfortune", "*ḥillînû*": "we entreated/appeased/sought favor from", "*pənê*": "face/presence of", "*lāšûḇ*": "to return/turn/repent", "*ʿăwōnênû*": "our iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*haśkîl*": "to understand/gain insight/act wisely", "*ʾămitteḵā*": "your truth/faithfulness/reliability" } }

    14{ "verseID": "Daniel.9.14", "source": "וַיִּשְׁקֹ֤ד יְהוָה֙ עַל־הָ֣רָעָ֔ה וַיְבִיאֶ֖הָ עָלֵ֑ינוּ כִּֽי־צַדִּ֞יק יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ עַל־כָּל־מַֽעֲשָׂיו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֔ה וְלֹ֥א שָׁמַ֖עְנוּ בְּקֹלֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyišqōḏ* *YHWH* on-the *rāʿāh* and *wayḇîʾehā* upon us for *ṣaddîq* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* in all-*maʿăśāyw* which *ʿāśāh* and not *šāmaʿnû* in *qōlô*.", "grammar": { "*wayyišqōḏ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - and he watched/was vigilant", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the evil/disaster", "*wayḇîʾehā*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil with 3fs suffix - and he brought it", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective, masculine, singular - righteous", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our God", "*maʿăśāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural with 3ms suffix - his works", "*ʿāśāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he did", "*šāmaʿnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we listened", "*qōlô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3ms suffix - his voice" }, "variants": { "*wayyišqōḏ*": "and he watched/was vigilant/was ready", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity", "*wayḇîʾehā*": "and he brought it/brought it about", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/just/in the right", "*maʿăśāyw*": "his works/deeds/acts", "*šāmaʿnû*": "we listened/heard/obeyed" } }

    15{ "verseID": "Daniel.9.15", "source": "וְעַתָּ֣ה ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣י אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ אֲשֶׁר֩ הוֹצֵ֨אתָ אֶֽת־עַמְּךָ֜ מֵאֶ֤רֶץ מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ בְּיָ֣ד חֲזָקָ֔ה וַתַּֽעַשׂ־לְךָ֥ שֵׁ֖ם כַּיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה חָטָ֖אנוּ רָשָֽׁעְנוּ׃", "text": "And now *ʾăḏōnāy* *ʾĕlōhênû* who *hôṣêʾṯā* *ʾeṯ*-*ʿamməḵā* from *ʾereṣ* *miṣrayim* with *yāḏ* *ḥăzāqāh* and *wattaʿaś*-for you *šêm* as the *yôm* the *zeh*; *ḥāṭāʾnû*, *rāšāʿnû*.", "grammar": { "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our God", "*hôṣêʾṯā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular, hiphil - you brought out", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʿamməḵā*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2ms suffix - your people", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*yāḏ*": "noun, feminine, singular - hand", "*ḥăzāqāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - strong", "*wattaʿaś*": "consecutive imperfect, 2nd masculine singular, qal - and you made", "*šêm*": "noun, masculine, singular - name", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine, singular - this", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned", "*rāšāʿnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have done wickedly" }, "variants": { "*hôṣêʾṯā*": "you brought out/led out/delivered", "*ʿamməḵā*": "your people/nation", "*yāḏ*": "hand/power/strength", "*ḥăzāqāh*": "strong/mighty/powerful", "*wattaʿaś*": "and you made/produced/gained", "*šêm*": "name/reputation/fame", "*rāšāʿnû*": "we have done wickedly/been guilty/acted wrongfully" } }

  • 6{ "verseID": "Psalms.106.6", "source": "חָטָ֥אנוּ עִם־אֲבוֹתֵ֗ינוּ הֶעֱוִ֥ינוּ הִרְשָֽׁעְנוּ׃", "text": "*ḥāṭā'nū* with-*'ăbōtênū* *he'ĕwînū* *hiršā'nū*", "grammar": { "*ḥāṭā'nū*": "qal perfect, 1st person plural - we have sinned", "*'ăbōtênū*": "noun + 1st person plural suffix, masculine, plural - our fathers", "*he'ĕwînū*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person plural - we have committed iniquity", "*hiršā'nū*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person plural - we have done wickedly" }, "variants": { "*ḥāṭā'nū*": "we have sinned/missed the mark/failed", "*'ăbōtênū*": "our fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*he'ĕwînū*": "we have committed iniquity/done wrong/perversely acted", "*hiršā'nū*": "we have done wickedly/been guilty/acted wickedly" } }

  • Dan 9:7-9
    3 verses
    77%

    7{ "verseID": "Daniel.9.7", "source": "לְךָ֤ אֲדֹנָי֙ הַצְּדָקָ֔ה וְלָ֛נוּ בֹּ֥שֶׁת הַפָּנִ֖ים כַּיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה לְאִ֤ישׁ יְהוּדָה֙ וּלְיוֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וּֽלְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֞ל הַקְּרֹבִ֣ים וְהָרְחֹקִ֗ים בְּכָל־הָֽאֲרָצוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִדַּחְתָּ֣ם שָׁ֔ם בְּמַעֲלָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָֽעֲלוּ־בָֽךְ׃", "text": "To you *ʾăḏōnāy* the *ṣəḏāqāh*, and to us *bōšeṯ* the *pānîm* as the *yôm* the *zeh*, to *ʾîš* *yəhûḏāh* and to *yôšḇê* *yərûšālayim* and to all-*yiśrāʾêl* the *qərōḇîm* and the *rəḥōqîm* in all-the *ʾărāṣôṯ* which *hiddaḥtām* there in *maʿălām* which *māʿălû*-in you.", "grammar": { "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*ṣəḏāqāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the righteousness", "*bōšeṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular - shame", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the face", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine, singular - this", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - men of", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*yôšḇê*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct - inhabitants of", "*yərûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*qərōḇîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural with definite article - the near ones", "*rəḥōqîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural with definite article - the far ones", "*ʾărāṣôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural with definite article - the lands", "*hiddaḥtām*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular, hiphil with 3mp suffix - you have driven them", "*maʿălām*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3mpl suffix - their unfaithfulness", "*māʿălû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they committed/acted unfaithfully" }, "variants": { "*ṣəḏāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*bōšeṯ*": "shame/humiliation/disgrace", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/countenance", "*qərōḇîm*": "near ones/those who are near", "*rəḥōqîm*": "far ones/those who are far", "*hiddaḥtām*": "you have driven/scattered/banished them", "*maʿălām*": "their unfaithfulness/treachery/rebellion" } }

    8{ "verseID": "Daniel.9.8", "source": "יְהוָ֗ה לָ֚נוּ בֹּ֣שֶׁת הַפָּנִ֔ים לִמְלָכֵ֥ינוּ לְשָׂרֵ֖ינוּ וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָ֖אנוּ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*YHWH*, to us *bōšeṯ* the *pānîm*, to *məlāḵênû*, to *śārênû*, and to *ʾăḇōṯênû* who *ḥāṭāʾnû* to you.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*bōšeṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular - shame", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the face", "*məlāḵênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our kings", "*śārênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our princes/officials", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our fathers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*bōšeṯ*": "shame/humiliation/disgrace", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/countenance", "*śārênû*": "our princes/officials/rulers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/missed the mark/failed" } }

    9{ "verseID": "Daniel.9.9", "source": "לַֽאדֹנָ֣י אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ הָרַחֲמִ֖ים וְהַסְּלִח֑וֹת כִּ֥י מָרַ֖דְנוּ בּֽוֹ׃", "text": "To *ʾăḏōnāy* *ʾĕlōhênû* the *raḥămîm* and the *səliḥôṯ* for *māraḏnû* against him.", "grammar": { "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our God", "*raḥămîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the compassions", "*səliḥôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural with definite article - the forgivenesses", "*māraḏnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have rebelled" }, "variants": { "*raḥămîm*": "compassions/mercies/tender mercies", "*səliḥôṯ*": "forgivenesses/pardons", "*māraḏnû*": "we have rebelled/revolted/been disobedient" } }

  • Lam 3:42-43
    2 verses
    77%

    42{ "verseID": "Lamentations.3.42", "source": "נַ֤חְנוּ פָשַׁ֙עְנוּ֙ וּמָרִ֔ינוּ אַתָּ֖ה לֹ֥א סָלָֽחְתָּ׃", "text": "*naḥnû* *pāšaʿnû* and *mārînû* *ʾattâ* not *sālāḥtā*", "grammar": { "*naḥnû*": "pronoun, 1st person plural - we", "*pāšaʿnû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we have transgressed", "*mārînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we have rebelled", "*ʾattâ*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*sālāḥtā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have forgiven" }, "variants": { "*pāšaʿnû*": "we have transgressed/we have rebelled", "*mārînû*": "we have rebelled/we have disobeyed", "*sālāḥtā*": "you have forgiven/you have pardoned" } }

    43{ "verseID": "Lamentations.3.43", "source": "סַכֹּ֤תָה בָאַף֙ וַֽתִּרְדְּפֵ֔נוּ הָרַ֖גְתָּ לֹ֥א חָמָֽלְתָּ׃", "text": "*sakkōtâ* with *ʾap* and *wattirdepēnû* *hāragtā* not *ḥāmāltā*", "grammar": { "*sakkōtâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you covered", "*ʾap*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the anger", "*wattirdepēnû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - and you pursued us", "*hāragtā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have slain", "*ḥāmāltā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have pitied" }, "variants": { "*sakkōtâ*": "you covered/you shrouded/you screened", "*ʾap*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*wattirdepēnû*": "and you pursued us/and you chased us", "*hāragtā*": "you have slain/you have killed", "*ḥāmāltā*": "you have pitied/you have spared/you have shown compassion" } }

  • 3{ "verseID": "Psalms.65.3", "source": "שֹׁמֵ֥עַ תְּפִלָּ֑ה עָ֝דֶ֗יךָ כָּל־בָּשָׂ֥ר יָבֹֽאוּ", "text": "*šōmēaʿ* *təfillâ* unto-you all-*bāśār* *yāḇōʾû*", "grammar": { "*šōmēaʿ*": "participle, Qal active, masculine singular - hearing/one who hears", "*təfillâ*": "noun, feminine singular - prayer", "*ʿādêkā*": "preposition ʿad (unto/to) with 2nd person masculine singular suffix", "*kol-bāśār*": "noun construct - all flesh/all mankind", "*yāḇōʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will come" }, "variants": { "*šōmēaʿ*": "hearer/one who hears/listens to", "*təfillâ*": "prayer/supplication/intercession", "*bāśār*": "flesh/body/mankind/living beings", "*yāḇōʾû*": "will come/will approach/will arrive" } }

  • 25{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.25", "source": "נִשְׁכְּבָ֣ה בְּבָשְׁתֵּ֗נוּ וּֽתְכַסֵּנוּ֮ כְּלִמָּתֵנוּ֒ כִּי֩ לַיהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֵ֜ינוּ חָטָ֗אנוּ אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ וַאֲבוֹתֵ֔ינוּ מִנְּעוּרֵ֖ינוּ וְעַד־הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וְלֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔עְנוּ בְּק֖וֹל יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ ס", "text": "*niškᵉḇâ* in-*bāšᵉtēnû*, and-*tᵉḵassēnû* *kᵉlimmātēnû*; for against-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *ḥāṭāʾnû*, we and-*ʾăḇôtênû*, from-*nᵉʿûrênû* and-until-the-*yôm* the-this, and-not *šāmaʿnû* to-*qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû*.", "grammar": { "*niškᵉḇâ*": "Qal cohortative 1st person plural - 'let us lie down'", "*bāšᵉtēnû*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our shame'", "*tᵉḵassēnû*": "Piel imperfect 3rd feminine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'it covers us'", "*kᵉlimmātēnû*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our disgrace'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "Qal perfect 1st person plural - 'we have sinned'", "*ʾăḇôtênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our fathers'", "*nᵉʿûrênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our youth'", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the day'", "*šāmaʿnû*": "Qal perfect 1st person plural - 'we have listened/obeyed'", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'voice of'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'" }, "variants": { "*niškᵉḇâ*": "let us lie down/recline", "*bāšᵉtēnû*": "our shame/disgrace/humiliation", "*tᵉḵassēnû*": "it covers us/envelops us", "*kᵉlimmātēnû*": "our disgrace/reproach/dishonor", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "our God", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/done wrong", "*ʾăḇôtênû*": "our fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*nᵉʿûrênû*": "our youth/young age", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*šāmaʿnû*": "we have listened/obeyed/heeded", "*qôl*": "voice/sound" } }

  • Isa 64:5-7
    3 verses
    76%

    5{ "verseID": "Isaiah.64.5", "source": "וַנְּהִ֤י כַטָּמֵא֙ כֻּלָּ֔נוּ וּכְבֶ֥גֶד עִדִּ֖ים כָּל־צִדְקֹתֵ֑ינוּ וַנָּ֤בֶל כֶּֽעָלֶה֙ כֻּלָּ֔נוּ וַעֲוֺנֵ֖נוּ כָּר֥וּחַ יִשָּׂאֻֽנוּ׃", "text": "And *nᵊhî* like *ṭāmēʾ* *kullānû* and like *beged* *ʿiddîm* all-*ṣidqōtênû* and *nābel* like *ʿāleh* *kullānû* and *ʿăwōnênû* like *rûaḥ* *yiśśāʾûnû*", "grammar": { "*nᵊhî*": "Qal imperfect 1st person plural apocopated from היה - we became", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "adjective masculine singular - unclean/impure", "*kullānû*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - all of us", "*beged*": "common masculine singular noun - garment/cloth", "*ʿiddîm*": "common masculine plural noun - menstrual/filthy rags", "*ṣidqōtênû*": "common feminine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our righteousnesses", "*nābel*": "Qal imperfect 1st person plural from נבל - we wither/fade", "*ʿāleh*": "common masculine singular noun - leaf", "*ʿăwōnênû*": "common masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our iniquities", "*rûaḥ*": "common feminine singular noun - wind/spirit", "*yiśśāʾûnû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - they carry us away" }, "variants": { "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean/impure/defiled", "*beged*": "garment/cloth/covering", "*ʿiddîm*": "menstrual rags/filthy garments/period cloth", "*ṣidqōtênû*": "our righteousnesses/our righteous acts/our justices", "*nābel*": "we wither/we fade/we decay", "*ʿăwōnênû*": "our iniquities/our sins/our guilt", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/spirit/breath" } }

    6{ "verseID": "Isaiah.64.6", "source": "וְאֵין־קוֹרֵ֣א בְשִׁמְךָ֔ מִתְעוֹרֵ֖ר לְהַחֲזִ֣יק בָּ֑ךְ כִּֽי־הִסְתַּ֤רְתָּ פָנֶ֙יךָ֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ וַתְּמוּגֵ֖נוּ בְּיַד־עֲוֺנֵֽנוּ׃", "text": "And none-*qôrēʾ* in *šimᵊkā* *mitᵊʿôrēr* to *haḥăzîq* in you for-*histartā* *pānêkā* from us and *tᵊmûgēnû* in hand-*ʿăwōnênû*", "grammar": { "*qôrēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - calling", "*šimᵊkā*": "common masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name", "*mitᵊʿôrēr*": "Hithpael participle masculine singular - rousing himself/stirring himself", "*haḥăzîq*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to take hold/grasp", "*histartā*": "Hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you hid", "*pānêkā*": "common masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your face", "*tᵊmûgēnû*": "Polel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - you melt us/dissolve us", "*ʿăwōnênû*": "common masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our iniquities" }, "variants": { "*qôrēʾ*": "calling/calling upon/invoking", "*mitᵊʿôrēr*": "rousing himself/stirring himself/awakening himself", "*haḥăzîq*": "to take hold/to grasp/to seize firmly", "*histartā*": "you hid/you concealed/you covered", "*pānêkā*": "your face/your presence/your attention", "*tᵊmûgēnû*": "you melt us/you dissolve us/you cause us to waste away", "*ʿăwōnênû*": "our iniquities/our sins/our guilt" } }

    7{ "verseID": "Isaiah.64.7", "source": "וְעַתָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אָבִ֣ינוּ אָ֑תָּה אֲנַ֤חְנוּ הַחֹ֙מֶר֙ וְאַתָּ֣ה יֹצְרֵ֔נוּ וּמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יָדְךָ֖ כֻּלָּֽנוּ׃", "text": "And now *YHWH* *ʾābînû* *ʾāttāh* *ʾănaḥnû* the *ḥōmer* and *ʾattāh* *yōṣᵊrēnû* and *maʿăśēh* *yādᵊkā* *kullānû*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾābînû*": "common masculine singular noun with 1st person plural suffix - our father", "*ʾāttāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "1st person common plural pronoun - we", "*ḥōmer*": "common masculine singular noun - clay/mud", "*yōṣᵊrēnû*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - our potter/former", "*maʿăśēh*": "common masculine singular construct noun - work of", "*yādᵊkā*": "common feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*kullānû*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - all of us" }, "variants": { "*ʾābînû*": "our father/our ancestor", "*ḥōmer*": "clay/mud/material", "*yōṣᵊrēnû*": "our potter/our former/our creator", "*maʿăśēh*": "work/deed/product" } }

  • Isa 59:2-3
    2 verses
    75%

    2{ "verseID": "Isaiah.59.2", "source": "כִּ֤י אִם־עֲוֺנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ הָי֣וּ מַבְדִּלִ֔ים בֵּינֵכֶ֕ם לְבֵ֖ין אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֑ם וְחַטֹּֽאותֵיכֶ֗ם הִסְתִּ֧ירוּ פָנִ֛ים מִכֶּ֖ם מִשְּׁמֽוֹעַ׃", "text": "*Kî* if *ʿăwōnōtêkem* *hāyû* *mabdilîm* between-you to-between *ʾĕlōhêkem* and-*ḥaṭṭōʾwtêkem* *histîrû* *pānîm* from-you from-*šəmôaʿ*", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʿăwōnōtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your iniquities", "*hāyû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - were/have been", "*mabdilîm*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine plural - separating/causing division", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your God", "*ḥaṭṭōʾwtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your sins", "*histîrû*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - have hidden/concealed", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - face/presence", "*šəmôaʿ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to hear" }, "variants": { "*Kî*": "because/for/indeed", "*ʿăwōnōtêkem*": "your iniquities/perversities/guilt", "*mabdilîm*": "making separation/dividing/causing division", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "your God (plural form with singular meaning)", "*ḥaṭṭōʾwtêkem*": "your sins/failings/misdeeds", "*histîrû*": "hidden/concealed/covered", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/person" } }

    3{ "verseID": "Isaiah.59.3", "source": "כִּ֤י כַפֵּיכֶם֙ נְגֹאֲל֣וּ בַדָּ֔ם וְאֶצְבְּעוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם בֶּֽעָוֺ֑ן שִׂפְתֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ דִּבְּרוּ־שֶׁ֔קֶר לְשׁוֹנְכֶ֖ם עַוְלָ֥ה תֶהְגֶּֽה׃", "text": "*Kî* *kappêkem* *nəgōʾălû* in-*dām* and-*ʾeṣbəʿôtêkem* in-*ʿāwōn* *śiptôtêkem* *dibbərû-šeqer* *ləšônəkem* *ʿawlāh* *tehgeh*", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kappêkem*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 2nd plural suffix - your palms/hands", "*nəgōʾălû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd plural - defiled/polluted", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*ʾeṣbəʿôtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your fingers", "*ʿāwōn*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/guilt/sin", "*śiptôtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your lips", "*dibbərû-šeqer*": "verb phrase, piel perfect 3rd plural + noun - have spoken falsehood", "*ləšônəkem*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd plural suffix - your tongue", "*ʿawlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - injustice/wickedness", "*tehgeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - mutters/utters" }, "variants": { "*kappêkem*": "your palms/hands", "*nəgōʾălû*": "defiled/polluted/stained", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/perversity", "*dibbərû-šeqer*": "spoken falsehood/lies/deception", "*ʿawlāh*": "injustice/wickedness/perversity", "*tehgeh*": "mutters/utters/speaks" } }

  • 7{ "verseID": "Lamentations.5.7", "source": "אֲבֹתֵ֤ינוּ חָֽטְאוּ֙ וְאֵינָ֔ם וַאֲנַ֖חְנוּ עֲוֺנֹתֵיהֶ֥ם סָבָֽלְנוּ׃", "text": "*ʾăḇōṯênû* *ḥāṭəʾû* and-*ʾênām*, and-*ʾănaḥnû* *ʿăwōnōṯêhem* *sāḇālnû*", "grammar": { "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - our fathers", "*ḥāṭəʾû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they sinned", "*ʾênām*": "particle of negation with 3rd masculine plural suffix - they are not", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "1st person plural independent pronoun - we", "*ʿăwōnōṯêhem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their iniquities", "*sāḇālnû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we have borne/carried" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "our fathers/ancestors", "*ḥāṭəʾû*": "they sinned/transgressed/erred", "*ʾênām*": "they are not/no longer exist/are gone", "*ʿăwōnōṯêhem*": "their iniquities/sins/punishments", "*sāḇālnû*": "we have borne/carried/endured" } }

  • Ezra 9:6-7
    2 verses
    74%

    6{ "verseID": "Ezra.9.6", "source": "וָאֹמְרָ֗ה אֱלֹהַי֙ בֹּ֣שְׁתִּי וְנִכְלַ֔מְתִּי לְהָרִ֧ים אֱלֹהַ֛י פָּנַ֖י אֵלֶ֑יךָ כִּ֣י עֲוֺנֹתֵ֤ינוּ רָבוּ֙ לְמַ֣עְלָה רֹּ֔אשׁ וְאַשְׁמָתֵ֥נוּ גָדְלָ֖ה עַ֥ד לַשָּׁמָֽיִם", "text": "And-*ʾāmar*-I, \"*ʾĕlōhay*, *bôš*-I and-*kālam*-I to-*rûm* *ʾĕlōhay* *pānay* unto-you, for *ʿăwōnôt*-our *rābâ* to-above *rōʾš*, and-*ʾašmâ*-our *gādal* unto the-*šāmayim*\"", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular with conversive waw - 'and I said'", "*ʾĕlōhay*": "masculine singular with 1st person suffix - 'my God'", "*bôš*": "Qal perfect 1st singular - 'I am ashamed'", "*kālam*": "Niphal perfect 1st singular - 'I am embarrassed/humiliated'", "*rûm*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to lift up'", "*pānay*": "masculine plural with 1st person suffix - 'my face'", "*ʿăwōnôt*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our iniquities'", "*rābâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd plural - 'have increased/multiplied'", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular - 'head'", "*ʾašmâ*": "feminine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'our guilt'", "*gādal*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'has grown/increased'", "*šāmayim*": "masculine plural - 'heavens'" }, "variants": { "*bôš*": "ashamed/embarrassed/disgraced", "*kālam*": "humiliated/ashamed/dishonored", "*rûm*": "lift up/raise/elevate", "*ʿăwōnôt*": "iniquities/sins/guilt", "*rābâ*": "increased/multiplied/grown numerous", "*ʾašmâ*": "guilt/offense/sin", "*gādal*": "grown/increased/become great" } }

    7{ "verseID": "Ezra.9.7", "source": "מִימֵ֣י אֲבֹתֵ֗ינוּ אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ בְּאַשְׁמָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וּבַעֲוֺנֹתֵ֡ינוּ נִתַּ֡נּוּ אֲנַחְנוּ֩ מְלָכֵ֨ינוּ כֹהֲנֵ֜ינוּ בְּיַ֣ד ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י הָאֲרָצ֗וֹת בַּחֶ֜רֶב בַּשְּׁבִ֧י וּבַבִּזָּ֛ה וּבְבֹ֥שֶׁת פָּנִ֖ים כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה", "text": "From-*yāmîm* *ʾăbōtênû* we in-*ʾašmâ* *gǝdōlâ* until the-*yôm* the-this, and-in-*ʿăwōnôt*-our *nātan* we, *mǝlākênû*, *kōhănênû* into-*yād* *malkê hāʾărāṣôt*, in-the-*ḥereb*, in-the-*šǝbî*, and-in-the-*bizzâ*, and-in-*bōšet pānîm* as-the-*yôm* the-this", "grammar": { "*yāmîm*": "masculine plural construct - 'days of'", "*ʾăbōtênû*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our fathers'", "*ʾašmâ*": "feminine singular - 'guilt'", "*gǝdōlâ*": "feminine singular adjective - 'great'", "*yôm*": "masculine singular - 'day'", "*ʿăwōnôt*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our iniquities'", "*nātan*": "Niphal perfect 1st plural - 'we have been given'", "*mǝlākênû*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our kings'", "*kōhănênû*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our priests'", "*yād*": "feminine singular construct - 'hand of'", "*malkê hāʾărāṣôt*": "construct relationship - 'kings of the lands'", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular with prefix ב - 'by the sword'", "*šǝbî*": "masculine singular with prefix ב - 'in captivity'", "*bizzâ*": "feminine singular with prefix ב - 'to plunder'", "*bōšet pānîm*": "construct relationship - 'shame of face'" }, "variants": { "*ʾašmâ*": "guilt/offense/sin", "*nātan*": "given/delivered/handed over", "*ḥereb*": "sword/warfare/violence", "*šǝbî*": "captivity/imprisonment", "*bizzâ*": "plunder/spoil/looting", "*bōšet pānîm*": "shame of face/disgrace/humiliation" } }

  • 16{ "verseID": "Lamentations.5.16", "source": "נָֽפְלָה֙ עֲטֶ֣רֶת רֹאשֵׁ֔נוּ אֽוֹי־נָ֥א לָ֖נוּ כִּ֥י חָטָֽאנוּ׃", "text": "*nāp̄əlâ* *ʿăṭereṯ* *rōʾšēnû*, *ʾôy*-*nāʾ* to-us because *ḥāṭāʾnû*", "grammar": { "*nāp̄əlâ*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - it has fallen", "*ʿăṭereṯ*": "noun feminine singular construct - crown of", "*rōʾšēnû*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - our head", "*ʾôy*": "interjection - woe", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*nāp̄əlâ*": "it has fallen/dropped/descended", "*ʿăṭereṯ*": "crown/garland/diadem", "*rōʾšēnû*": "our head (symbol of honor and dignity)", "*ʾôy*-*nāʾ*": "woe now/alas/grief to us", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/transgressed/erred" } }

  • 4{ "verseID": "Psalms.38.4", "source": "אֵין־מְתֹ֣ם בִּ֭בְשָׂרִי מִפְּנֵ֣י זַעְמֶ֑ךָ אֵין־שָׁל֥וֹם בַּ֝עֲצָמַ֗י מִפְּנֵ֥י חַטָּאתִֽי׃", "text": "No *mᵊtōm* in *bᵊśārî* from face of *za'meḵā*; no *šālôm* in *'ătsāmay* from face of *ḥaṭṭā'tî*", "grammar": { "*mᵊtōm*": "noun - soundness/wholeness/health", "*bᵊśārî*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefix bᵊ- - in my flesh", "*za'meḵā*": "noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your indignation", "*šālôm*": "noun - peace/wholeness/welfare", "*'ătsāmay*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefix bᵊ- - in my bones", "*ḥaṭṭā'tî*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix - my sin" }, "variants": { "*mᵊtōm*": "soundness/wholeness/health/integrity", "*bᵊśār*": "flesh/body/skin", "*za'em*": "indignation/anger/wrath", "*šālôm*": "peace/health/wholeness/welfare", "*'ătsām*": "bones/substance/body", "*ḥaṭṭā't*": "sin/offense/transgression" } }

  • 9{ "verseID": "Isaiah.3.9", "source": "הַכָּרַ֤ת פְּנֵיהֶם֙ עָ֣נְתָה בָּ֔ם וְחַטָּאתָ֛ם כִּסְדֹ֥ם הִגִּ֖ידוּ לֹ֣א כִחֵ֑דוּ א֣וֹי לְנַפְשָׁ֔ם כִּֽי־גָמְל֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם רָעָֽה", "text": "The-*hakkārat* *pənêhem* *ʿānətāh* against-them, and-*ḥaṭṭāʾtām* like-*Sədōm* *higgîdû*, not *kiḥēdû*. *ʾôy* to-*napšām*, for-*gāmələû* to-themselves *rāʿāh*", "grammar": { "*hakkārat*": "definite Hiphil infinitive construct - the expression/look", "*pənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their faces", "*ʿānətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she has testified/witnessed against", "*bām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sin", "*kə*": "preposition - like/as", "*Sədōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*higgîdû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have declared/told openly", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*kiḥēdû*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have concealed/hidden", "*ʾôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*nạpšām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their soul", "*gāmələû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have dealt/brought", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to themselves", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/disaster" }, "variants": { "*hakkārat pənêhem*": "the expression of their faces/their countenance", "*ʿānətāh*": "has testified/witnessed against/answered", "*ḥaṭṭāʾt*": "sin/offense/guilt", "*higgîdû*": "they have declared/told openly/announced", "*kiḥēdû*": "they have concealed/hidden/denied", "*ʾôy*": "woe/alas/grief", "*nepeš*": "soul/life/self", "*gāmal*": "dealt/brought/rewarded", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity" } }

  • Neh 9:33-34
    2 verses
    74%

    33{ "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.33", "source": "וְאַתָּ֣ה צַדִּ֔יק עַ֖ל כָּל־הַבָּ֣א עָלֵ֑ינוּ כִּֽי־אֱמֶ֥ת עָשִׂ֖יתָ וַאֲנַ֥חְנוּ הִרְשָֽׁעְנוּ׃", "text": "And-you are *ṣaddîq* concerning all-*hab-bāʾ* upon-us, for-*ʾĕmeṯ* you-*ʿāśîṯā* and-we *hiršāʿnû*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - and you", "*ṣaddîq*": "masculine singular adjective - righteous/just", "*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/regarding", "*kāl-hab-bāʾ*": "noun + definite article + Qal participle masculine singular - all that has come", "*ʿālênû*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - upon us", "*kî-ʾĕmeṯ*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - for truth", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have done", "*wa-ʾănaḥnû*": "conjunction + 1st person plural pronoun - and we", "*hiršāʿnû*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person plural - we have acted wickedly" }, "variants": { "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/just/correct", "*bāʾ*": "come/happened/befallen", "*ʾĕmeṯ*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "done/acted/performed", "*hiršāʿnû*": "acted wickedly/done wrong/been guilty" } }

    34{ "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.34", "source": "וְאֶת־מְלָכֵ֤ינוּ שָׂרֵ֙ינוּ֙ כֹּהֲנֵ֣ינוּ וַאֲבֹתֵ֔ינוּ לֹ֥א עָשׂ֖וּ תּוֹרָתֶ֑ךָ וְלֹ֤א הִקְשִׁ֙יבוּ֙ אֶל־מִצְוֺתֶ֔יךָ וּלְעֵ֣דְוֺתֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הַעִידֹ֖תָ בָּהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*ʾeṯ*-*məlāḵênû* *śārênû* *kōhănênû* *wa-ʾăḇōṯênû* not *ʿāśû* *tôrāṯeḵā* and-not *hiqšîḇû* to-*miṣwōṯêḵā* and-to-*ʿēḏəwōṯêḵā* which *haʿîḏōṯā* in-them.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker - and (untranslated)", "*məlāḵênû*": "masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - our kings", "*śārênû*": "masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - our princes/officials", "*kōhănênû*": "masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - our priests", "*wa-ʾăḇōṯênû*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - and our fathers", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they did/performed", "*tôrāṯeḵā*": "feminine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your law/instruction", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*hiqšîḇû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - they listened/paid attention", "*ʾel-miṣwōṯêḵā*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to your commandments", "*û-lə-ʿēḏəwōṯêḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and to your testimonies", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*haʿîḏōṯā*": "Hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you testified/warned", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them" }, "variants": { "*məlāḵênû*": "our kings/our monarchs/our rulers", "*śārênû*": "our princes/our officials/our leaders", "*kōhănênû*": "our priests/our ministers", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "our fathers/our ancestors/our forefathers", "*ʿāśû*": "did/performed/practiced", "*tôrāṯeḵā*": "your law/your instruction/your teaching", "*hiqšîḇû*": "listened to/paid attention to/heeded", "*miṣwōṯêḵā*": "your commandments/your precepts/your ordinances", "*ʿēḏəwōṯêḵā*": "your testimonies/your admonitions/your warnings", "*haʿîḏōṯā*": "testified/warned/admonished" } }

  • 6{ "verseID": "Isaiah.53.6", "source": "כֻּלָּ֙נוּ֙ כַּצֹּ֣אן תָּעִ֔ינוּ אִ֥ישׁ לְדַרְכּ֖וֹ פָּנִ֑ינוּ וַֽיהוָה֙ הִפְגִּ֣יעַ בּ֔וֹ אֵ֖ת עֲוֺ֥ן כֻּלָּֽנוּ׃", "text": "All of us like the *tsoʾn* *taʿinu*, *ʾish* to his *darko* *paninu*, and *YHWH* *hiphgiaʿ* on him *ʾet* *ʿavon* all of us.", "grammar": { "*kullanu*": "masculine noun with 1st person plural suffix - all of us", "*ka-tsoʾn*": "preposition with collective noun - like the sheep/flock", "*taʿinu*": "qal perfect, 1st person plural - we went astray/wandered", "*ʾish*": "masculine singular noun - each man/each one", "*le-darko*": "preposition with masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his way", "*paninu*": "qal perfect, 1st person plural - we turned/faced", "*wa-YHWH*": "conjunction with divine name - and YHWH", "*hiphgiaʿ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - caused to meet/laid upon", "*bo*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - on him", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿavon*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*kullanu*": "masculine noun with 1st person plural suffix - all of us" }, "variants": { "*tsoʾn*": "sheep/flock", "*taʿinu*": "we went astray/we wandered/we strayed", "*ʾish*": "each/everyone/each person", "*darko*": "his way/his path/his road", "*paninu*": "we turned/we faced/we went", "*hiphgiaʿ*": "laid upon/made to meet/caused to fall upon", "*ʿavon*": "iniquity/sin/guilt/punishment for sin" } }

  • 17{ "verseID": "Psalms.44.17", "source": "מִ֭קּוֹל מְחָרֵ֣ף וּמְגַדֵּ֑ף מִפְּנֵ֥י א֝וֹיֵ֗ב וּמִתְנַקֵּֽם׃", "text": "From *miqqôl* *mĕḥārēp* and *ûmĕgaddēp* from face of *mippĕnê* *ʾôyēb* and *ûmitnaqēm*", "grammar": { "*miqqôl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from voice of", "*mĕḥārēp*": "participle, piel, masculine singular - one who reproaches", "*ûmĕgaddēp*": "conjunction + participle, piel, masculine singular - and one who reviles", "*mippĕnê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - from face of", "*ʾôyēb*": "participle, qal active, masculine singular - enemy", "*ûmitnaqēm*": "conjunction + participle, hithpael, masculine singular - and one who avenges himself" }, "variants": { "*mĕḥārēp*": "one who reproaches/insults/taunts", "*ûmĕgaddēp*": "one who reviles/blasphemes/slanders", "*ʾôyēb*": "enemy/foe/adversary", "*ûmitnaqēm*": "one who avenges himself/takes revenge/retaliates" } }

  • 13{ "verseID": "Ezra.9.13", "source": "וְאַֽחֲרֵי֙ כָּל־הַבָּ֣א עָלֵ֔ינוּ בְּמַעֲשֵׂ֙ינוּ֙ הָרָעִ֔ים וּבְאַשְׁמָתֵ֖נוּ הַגְּדֹלָ֑ה כִּ֣י ׀ אַתָּ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ חָשַׂ֤כְתָּֽ לְמַ֙טָּה֙ מֵֽעֲוֺנֵ֔נוּ וְנָתַ֥תָּה לָּ֛נוּ פְּלֵיטָ֖ה כָּזֹֽאת", "text": "And-after all-the-*bôʾ* upon-us in-*maʿăśîm*-our the-*rāʿîm* and-in-*ʾašmâ*-our the-*gǝdōlâ*, for you *ʾĕlōhênû* *ḥāśak*-you to-below from-*ʿāwōn*-our and-*nātan*-you to-us *pǝlêṭâ* like-this", "grammar": { "*bôʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'that which came'", "*maʿăśîm*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our deeds'", "*rāʿîm*": "masculine plural adjective - 'evil/bad'", "*ʾašmâ*": "feminine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'our guilt'", "*gǝdōlâ*": "feminine singular adjective - 'great'", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'", "*ḥāśak*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you have held back'", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'our iniquity'", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you have given'", "*pǝlêṭâ*": "feminine singular - 'deliverance/remnant'" }, "variants": { "*bôʾ*": "come/arrive/happen", "*maʿăśîm*": "deeds/works/actions", "*rāʿîm*": "evil/bad/wicked", "*ʾašmâ*": "guilt/offense/sin", "*ḥāśak*": "held back/withheld/restrained", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*pǝlêṭâ*": "deliverance/remnant/escape" } }

  • Ps 79:8-9
    2 verses
    73%

    8{ "verseID": "Psalms.79.8", "source": "אַֽל־תִּזְכָּר־לָנוּ֮ עֲוֺנֹ֢ת רִאשֹׁ֫נִ֥ים מַ֭הֵר יְקַדְּמ֣וּנוּ רַחֲמֶ֑יךָ כִּ֖י דַלּ֣וֹנוּ מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "Not-*tizkor*-to-us *ʿăwōnōṯ* *riʾšōnîm* *mahēr* *yəqaddəmûnû* *raḥămeḵā* for *dallônû* *məʾōḏ*", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*tizkor*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will remember", "*lānû*": "preposition with 1st person plural suffix - to us/against us", "*ʿăwōnōṯ*": "masculine plural construct - iniquities of", "*riʾšōnîm*": "masculine plural adjective - former ones/ancestors", "*mahēr*": "piel imperative masculine singular - hasten/quickly", "*yəqaddəmûnû*": "piel imperfect 3rd person plural with 1st person plural suffix - they will come to meet us", "*raḥămeḵā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your compassions", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*dallônû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we are brought low", "*məʾōḏ*": "adverb - very/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*tizkor*": "remember/call to mind/hold against", "*ʿăwōnōṯ*": "iniquities/sins/guilt", "*riʾšōnîm*": "former ones/ancestors/those before us", "*mahēr*": "quickly/speedily/hasten", "*yəqaddəmûnû*": "come to meet us/come before us/confront us", "*raḥămeḵā*": "your compassions/your mercies", "*dallônû*": "we are brought low/we are impoverished/we are weak" } }

    9{ "verseID": "Psalms.79.9", "source": "עָזְרֵ֤נוּ ׀ אֱלֹ֘הֵ֤י יִשְׁעֵ֗נוּ עַל־דְּבַ֥ר כְּבֽוֹד־שְׁמֶ֑ךָ וְהַצִּילֵ֥נוּ וְכַפֵּ֥ר עַל־חַ֝טֹּאתֵ֗ינוּ לְמַ֣עַן שְׁמֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*ʿozrēnû* *ʾĕlōhê* *yišʿēnû* for-*dəḇar* *kəḇôḏ*-*šəmeḵā* *wə*-*haṣṣîlēnû* *wə*-*ḵappēr* for-*ḥaṭṭōʾṯênû* for-sake *šəmeḵā*", "grammar": { "*ʿozrēnû*": "qal imperative masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - help us", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*yišʿēnû*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person plural suffix - our salvation", "*ʿal*": "preposition - for/concerning", "*dəḇar*": "masculine singular construct - word/matter of", "*kəḇôḏ*": "masculine singular construct - glory of", "*šəmeḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*haṣṣîlēnû*": "hiphil imperative masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - deliver us", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḵappēr*": "piel imperative masculine singular - atone/cover", "*ʿal*": "preposition - for/concerning", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯênû*": "feminine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our sins", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition - for the sake of", "*šəmeḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name" }, "variants": { "*ʿozrēnû*": "help us/assist us", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of", "*yišʿēnû*": "our salvation/our deliverance", "*dəḇar*": "word/matter/cause", "*kəḇôḏ*": "glory/honor", "*šəmeḵā*": "your name", "*haṣṣîlēnû*": "deliver us/rescue us/save us", "*ḵappēr*": "atone for/cover/forgive", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯênû*": "our sins/our offenses", "*ləmaʿan*": "for the sake of/on account of" } }

  • 9{ "verseID": "Isaiah.59.9", "source": "עַל־כֵּ֗ן רָחַ֤ק מִשְׁפָּט֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ וְלֹ֥א תַשִּׂיגֵ֖נוּ צְדָקָ֑ה נְקַוֶּ֤ה לָאוֹר֙ וְהִנֵּה־חֹ֔שֶׁךְ לִנְגֹה֖וֹת בָּאֲפֵל֥וֹת נְהַלֵּֽךְ׃", "text": "upon-thus *rāḥaq* *mišpāṭ* from-us and-not *taśśîgēnû* *ṣədāqāh* *nəqawweh* to-*ʾôr* and-behold-*ḥōšek* to-*nəgōhôt* in-*ʾăpēlôt* *nəhallēk*", "grammar": { "*rāḥaq*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is far/removed", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment", "*taśśîgēnû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with 1st plural suffix - overtakes us", "*ṣədāqāh*": "noun, feminine singular - righteousness/justice", "*nəqawweh*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st plural - we hope/wait for", "*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine singular - light", "*ḥōšek*": "noun, masculine singular - darkness", "*nəgōhôt*": "noun, feminine plural - brightness/light", "*ʾăpēlôt*": "noun, feminine plural - darkness/gloom", "*nəhallēk*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st plural - we walk" }, "variants": { "*rāḥaq*": "is far/removed/distant", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right", "*taśśîgēnû*": "overtakes us/reaches us/catches up to us", "*ṣədāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*nəqawweh*": "we wait for/hope for/expect", "*ʾôr*": "light/daylight/sunshine", "*ḥōšek*": "darkness/obscurity", "*nəgōhôt*": "brightness/light/illumination", "*ʾăpēlôt*": "darkness/gloom/thick darkness", "*nəhallēk*": "we walk/go/proceed" } }

  • 7{ "verseID": "Nehemiah.1.7", "source": "חֲבֹ֖ל חָבַ֣לְנוּ לָ֑ךְ וְלֹא־שָׁמַ֣רְנוּ אֶת־הַמִּצְוֺ֗ת וְאֶת־הַֽחֻקִּים֙ וְאֶת־הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּ֖יתָ אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֥ה עַבְדֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "*ḥăbōl* *ḥābalnû* to-you and-not-*šāmarnû* *ʾet*-*ha-miṣwōt* and-*ʾet*-*ha-ḥuqqîm* and-*ʾet*-*ha-mišpāṭîm* which *ṣiwwîtā* *ʾet*-*Mōšeh* *ʿabdekā*.", "grammar": { "*ḥăbōl*": "qal infinitive absolute - utterly/surely", "*ḥābalnû*": "qal perfect, 1st person plural - we have acted corruptly", "*šāmarnû*": "qal perfect, 1st person plural - we have kept/observed", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-miṣwōt*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the commandments", "*ha-ḥuqqîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the statutes", "*ha-mišpāṭîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the judgments/ordinances", "*ṣiwwîtā*": "piel perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you commanded", "*Mōšeh*": "proper name - Moses", "*ʿabdekā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servant" }, "variants": { "*ḥăbōl ḥābalnû*": "we have acted very corruptly/we have dealt very corruptly/we have greatly offended", "*miṣwōt*": "commandments/precepts", "*ḥuqqîm*": "statutes/decrees", "*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/rules" } }

  • 9{ "verseID": "Isaiah.64.9", "source": "עָרֵ֥י קָדְשְׁךָ֖ הָי֣וּ מִדְבָּ֑ר צִיּוֹן֙ מִדְבָּ֣ר הָיָ֔תָה יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם שְׁמָמָֽה׃", "text": "*ʿārê* *qodšᵊkā* *hāyû* *midbār* *ṣiyyôn* *midbār* *hāyātāh* *yᵊrûšālaim* *šᵊmāmāh*", "grammar": { "*ʿārê*": "common feminine plural construct noun - cities of", "*qodšᵊkā*": "common masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your holiness/sanctuary", "*hāyû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they were/became", "*midbār*": "common masculine singular noun - wilderness/desert", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*hāyātāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - she was/became", "*yᵊrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*šᵊmāmāh*": "common feminine singular noun - desolation" }, "variants": { "*ʿārê*": "cities of/towns of", "*qodšᵊkā*": "your holiness/your sanctuary/your holy place", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*šᵊmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/devastation" } }

  • 5{ "verseID": "Psalms.69.5", "source": "רַבּ֤וּ ׀ מִשַּׂעֲר֣וֹת רֹאשִׁי֮ שֹׂנְאַ֢י חִ֫נָּ֥ם עָצְמ֣וּ מַ֭צְמִיתַי אֹיְבַ֣י שֶׁ֑קֶר אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־גָ֝זַ֗לְתִּי אָ֣ז אָשִֽׁיב׃", "text": "*rabbû* from-*śa'ărôt* *rō'šî* *śōnĕ'ay* *ḥinnām* *'āṣĕmû* *maṣmîtay* *'ōyĕbay* *šeqer* which not-*gāzaltî* then *'āšîb*", "grammar": { "*rabbû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are many/numerous", "*śa'ărôt*": "feminine plural construct noun with prefixed preposition min - from hairs of", "*rō'šî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my head", "*śōnĕ'ay*": "Qal participle, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my haters/those who hate me", "*ḥinnām*": "adverb - without cause/freely/for nothing", "*'āṣĕmû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are strong/numerous", "*maṣmîtay*": "Hiphil participle, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my destroyers", "*'ōyĕbay*": "Qal participle, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my enemies", "*šeqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood/lie", "*gāzaltî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have robbed/seized", "*'āšîb*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will restore/return" }, "variants": { "*rabbû*": "they are many/they are more numerous", "*śa'ărôt*": "hairs", "*śōnĕ'ay*": "those who hate me/my haters", "*ḥinnām*": "without cause/for no reason/gratuitously", "*'āṣĕmû*": "they are mighty/they are strong/they are numerous", "*maṣmîtay*": "those who would destroy me/my destroyers", "*'ōyĕbay*": "my enemies/my adversaries", "*šeqer*": "falsely/lie/falsehood", "*gāzaltî*": "I have robbed/I have plundered/I have seized", "*'āšîb*": "I would restore/I would return/I will give back" } }

  • 15{ "verseID": "Ezra.9.15", "source": "יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ צַדִּ֣יק אַ֔תָּה כִּֽי־נִשְׁאַ֥רְנוּ פְלֵיטָ֖ה כְּהַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה הִנְנ֤וּ לְפָנֶ֙יךָ֙ בְּאַשְׁמָתֵ֔ינוּ כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין לַעֲמ֛וֹד לְפָנֶ֖יךָ עַל־זֹֽאת", "text": "*YHWH ʾĕlōhê yiśrāʾēl*, *ṣaddîq* you, for-*šāʾar*-we *pǝlêṭâ* as-the-*yôm* the-this; behold-us before-you in-*ʾašmâ*-our, for not to-*ʿāmad* before-you because-of-this", "grammar": { "*YHWH ʾĕlōhê yiśrāʾēl*": "construct relationship - 'YHWH God of Israel'", "*ṣaddîq*": "masculine singular adjective - 'righteous'", "*šāʾar*": "Niphal perfect 1st plural - 'we remain'", "*pǝlêṭâ*": "feminine singular - 'remnant/escape'", "*yôm*": "masculine singular - 'day'", "*ʾašmâ*": "feminine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our guilt'", "*ʿāmad*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to stand'" }, "variants": { "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/just/innocent", "*šāʾar*": "remain/be left/survive", "*pǝlêṭâ*": "remnant/escape/deliverance", "*ʾašmâ*": "guilt/offense/sin", "*ʿāmad*": "stand/endure/remain" } }

  • 23{ "verseID": "Job.13.23", "source": "כַּמָּ֣ה לִ֭י עֲוֺנ֣וֹת וְחַטָּא֑וֹת פִּֽשְׁעִ֥י וְ֝חַטָּאתִ֗י הֹדִיעֵֽנִי׃", "text": "*kammâ* *lî* *ʿăwōnôt̄* *weḥaṭṭāʾôt̄* *pišʿî* *weḥaṭṭāʾt̄î* *hôdîʿēnî*", "grammar": { "*kammâ*": "interrogative adverb - how many", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*ʿăwōnôt̄*": "noun, masculine plural - iniquities", "*weḥaṭṭāʾôt̄*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural - and sins", "*pišʿî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my transgression", "*weḥaṭṭāʾt̄î*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - and my sin", "*hôdîʿēnî*": "verb, Hiphil imperative, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - make known to me" }, "variants": { "*ʿăwōnôt̄*": "iniquities/perversities/guilt", "*ḥaṭṭāʾôt̄*": "sins/offenses", "*pišʿî*": "my transgression/my rebellion", "*hôdîʿēnî*": "make known to me/inform me/reveal to me" } }

  • 9{ "verseID": "Romans.3.9", "source": "Τί οὖν; προεχόμεθα; Οὐ, πάντως: προῃτιασάμεθα γὰρ Ἰουδαίους τε καὶ Ἕλληνας, πάντας ὑφʼ ἁμαρτίαν εἶναι·", "text": "*Ti oun*? *proechometha*? *Ou*, *pantōs*: *proētiasametha gar Ioudaious te kai Hellēnas*, *pantas hyph' hamartian einai*;", "grammar": { "*Ti*": "interrogative pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular - what", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*proechometha*": "verb, present middle/passive, 1st person plural - do we excel/are we better", "*Ou*": "negative particle - no/not", "*pantōs*": "adverb - at all/entirely", "*proētiasametha*": "verb, aorist middle, 1st person plural - we previously charged", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*Ioudaious*": "noun, accusative, masculine, plural - Jews", "*te*": "connective particle - both/and", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*Hellēnas*": "noun, accusative, masculine, plural - Greeks", "*pantas*": "adjective, accusative, masculine, plural - all", "*hyph' hamartian*": "preposition + accusative noun, feminine, singular - under sin", "*einai*": "verb, present active infinitive - to be" }, "variants": { "*proechometha*": "do we excel/are we better/have an advantage", "*pantōs*": "at all/certainly/entirely/altogether", "*proētiasametha*": "previously charged/already brought the accusation/previously proved", "*Ioudaious*": "Jews/Jewish people/Judeans", "*Hellēnas*": "Greeks/Gentiles/non-Jews", "*hyph' hamartian*": "under sin/under the power of sin/subject to sin" } }

  • 4{ "verseID": "Isaiah.1.4", "source": "ה֣וֹי ׀ גּ֣וֹי חֹטֵ֗א עַ֚ם כֶּ֣בֶד עָוֺ֔ן זֶ֣רַע מְרֵעִ֔ים בָּנִ֖ים מַשְׁחִיתִ֑ים עָזְב֣וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֗ה נִֽאֲצ֛וּ אֶת־קְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל נָזֹ֥רוּ אָחֽוֹר׃", "text": "*hôy* *gôy* *ḥōṭēʾ* *'am* *kebed* *'āwōn* *zera'* *mᵉrē'îm* *bānîm* *mašḥîtîm* *'āzᵊbû* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *niʾăṣû* *ʾet*-*qᵉdôš* *yiśrāʾēl* *nāzōrû* *ʾāḥôr*", "grammar": { "*hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation", "*ḥōṭēʾ*": "participle, qal active, masculine singular - sinning", "*'am*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*kebed*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - heavy with/laden with", "*'āwōn*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity", "*zera'*": "noun, masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of", "*mᵉrē'îm*": "participle, hifil active, masculine plural - evildoers", "*bānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - children/sons", "*mašḥîtîm*": "participle, hifil active, masculine plural - corrupting/destroying", "*'āzᵊbû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they have forsaken", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*niʾăṣû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they have spurned/despised", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*qᵉdôš*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - Holy One of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*nāzōrû*": "verb, nifal perfect, 3rd person plural - they have turned away", "*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - backward" }, "variants": { "*hôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*ḥōṭēʾ*": "sinning/sinful/offending", "*kebed*": "heavy with/laden with/weighed down by", "*mᵉrē'îm*": "evildoers/those who do evil/wicked ones", "*mašḥîtîm*": "corrupting/destroying/acting corruptly", "*'āzᵊbû*": "forsaken/abandoned/left", "*niʾăṣû*": "spurned/despised/rejected/blasphemed", "*nāzōrû*": "turned away/estranged/alienated" } }

  • 18{ "verseID": "Psalms.38.18", "source": "כִּֽי־אֲ֭נִי לְצֶ֣לַע נָכ֑וֹן וּמַכְאוֹבִ֖י נֶגְדִּ֣י תָמִֽיד׃", "text": "For I for *tsela'* *nāḵôn* and *maḵ'ôḇî* before me *tāmîḏ*", "grammar": { "*tsela'*": "noun - limping/falling", "*nāḵôn*": "niphal participle masculine singular - ready/prepared", "*maḵ'ôḇî*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix - my pain", "*tāmîḏ*": "adverb - continually" }, "variants": { "*tsela'*": "limping/falling/stumbling", "*nāḵôn*": "ready/prepared/established", "*maḵ'ôḇ*": "pain/sorrow/suffering", "*tāmîḏ*": "continually/always/regularly" } }

  • 12{ "verseID": "Psalms.59.12", "source": "אַל־תַּהַרְגֵ֤ם ׀ פֶּֽן־יִשְׁכְּח֬וּ עַמִּ֗י הֲנִיעֵ֣מוֹ בְ֭חֵילְךָ וְהוֹרִידֵ֑מוֹ מָֽגִנֵּ֣נוּ אֲדֹנָֽי׃", "text": "*ʾal*-*tahargēm* lest they *yiškĕḥû* *ʿammî* make them *hănîʿēmô* with *ḥêlĕkā* and bring them down *hôrîdēmô* our *māginnēnû* *ʾădōnāy*.", "grammar": { "*tahargēm*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix and negative particle ʾal- - do not kill them", "*yiškĕḥû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd plural with conjunction pen- - lest they forget", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*hănîʿēmô*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - cause them to wander/shake them", "*ḥêlĕkā*": "masculine noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix and preposition bə- - with your power", "*hôrîdēmô*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix and conjunction wə- - and bring them down", "*māginnēnû*": "masculine noun with 1st person plural suffix - our shield", "*ʾădōnāy*": "divine title - my Lord/master" }, "variants": { "*hănîʿēmô*": "cause them to wander/shake them/make them stagger", "*ḥêlĕkā*": "your power/your strength/your army", "*māginnēnû*": "our shield/our defense/our protection" } }

  • 2{ "verseID": "Hosea.7.2", "source": "וּבַל־יֹֽאמְרוּ֙ לִלְבָבָ֔ם כָּל־רָעָתָ֖ם זָכָ֑רְתִּי עַתָּה֙ סְבָב֣וּם מַֽעַלְלֵיהֶ֔ם נֶ֥גֶד פָּנַ֖י הָיֽוּ׃", "text": "*ûḇal*-*yōʾmərû* *lilḇāḇām* all-*rāʿātām* *zāḵārətî* *ʿattâ* *səḇāḇûm* *maʿaləlêhem* *neḡeḏ* *pānay* *hāyû*.", "grammar": { "*ûḇal*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not/lest", "*yōʾmərû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they say/think", "*lilḇāḇām*": "preposition *lə* + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to their heart", "*rāʿātām*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their evil/wickedness", "*zāḵārətî*": "qal perfect 1st singular - I remember/have remembered", "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now", "*səḇāḇûm*": "qal perfect 3rd plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - they surround them", "*maʿaləlêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their deeds/practices", "*neḡeḏ*": "preposition - before/in front of", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my face", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd plural - they are/have been" }, "variants": { "*ûḇal*": "and not/lest/cannot", "*yōʾmərû*": "say/speak/think", "*lilḇāḇām*": "to their heart/mind/inner self", "*rāʿātām*": "their evil/wickedness/calamity", "*zāḵārətî*": "I remember/recall/keep in mind", "*səḇāḇûm*": "surround them/encircle them", "*maʿaləlêhem*": "their deeds/practices/actions", "*neḡeḏ*": "before/in front of/opposite" } }