2 Chronicles 29:6

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "2 Chronicles.29.6", "source": "כִּֽי־מָעֲל֣וּ אֲבֹתֵ֗ינוּ וְעָשׂ֥וּ הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָֽה־אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ וַיַּֽעַזְבֻ֑הוּ וַיַּסֵּ֧בּוּ פְנֵיהֶ֛ם מִמִּשְׁכַּ֥ן יְהוָ֖ה וַיִּתְּנוּ־עֹֽרֶף", "text": "For-*māʿălû* *ʾăbōtênû* *wə*-*ʿāśû* *hā*-*raʿ* in-*ʿênê* *YHWH*-*ʾĕlōhênû* *wa*-*yaʿazbūhû* *wa*-*yassēbbû* *pənêhem* from-*miškkan* *YHWH* *wa*-*yittənû*-*ʿōrep*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*māʿălû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they acted unfaithfully/trespassed", "*ʾăbōtênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st common plural suffix - our fathers", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿāśû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they did", "*hā*": "definite article - the", "*raʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil/bad", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of/in the sight of", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st common plural suffix - our God", "*wa*": "conjunction with consecutive imperfect - and then", "*yaʿazbūhû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix with waw consecutive - and they forsook him", "*wa*": "conjunction with consecutive imperfect - and then", "*yassēbbû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive - and they turned", "*pənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their faces", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*miškkan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dwelling place of", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*wa*": "conjunction with consecutive imperfect - and then", "*yittənû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive - and they gave", "*ʿōrep*": "noun, masculine singular - back/neck" }, "variants": { "*māʿălû*": "acted unfaithfully/trespassed/betrayed", "*raʿ*": "evil/wickedness/badness", "*yaʿazbūhû*": "forsook him/abandoned him", "*yassēbbû*": "turned away/turned around", "*miškkan*": "dwelling place/tabernacle/residence", "*yittənû*-*ʿōrep*": "turned their backs/showed contempt (idiom)" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כִּֽי־מָעֲל֣וּ אֲבֹתֵ֗ינוּ וְעָשׂ֥וּ הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָֽה־אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ וַיַּֽעַזְבֻ֑הוּ וַיַּסֵּ֧בּוּ פְנֵיהֶ֛ם מִמִּשְׁכַּ֥ן יְהוָ֖ה וַיִּתְּנוּ־עֹֽרֶף

Transliteration

For-māʿălû ʾăbōtênû wə-ʿāśû hā-raʿ in-ʿênê YHWH-ʾĕlōhênû wa-yaʿazbūhû wa-yassēbbû pənêhem from-miškkan YHWH wa-yittənû-ʿōrep

Grammar Details

• *kî*: conjunction - for/because
• *māʿălû*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they acted unfaithfully/trespassed
• *ʾăbōtênû*: noun, masculine plural with 1st common plural suffix - our fathers
• *wə*: conjunction - and
• *ʿāśû*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they did
• *hā*: definite article - the
• *raʿ*: adjective, masculine singular - evil/bad
• *ʿênê*: noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of/in the sight of
• *YHWH*: proper name - Yahweh/the LORD
• *ʾĕlōhênû*: noun, masculine plural with 1st common plural suffix - our God
• *wa*: conjunction with consecutive imperfect - and then
• *yaʿazbūhû*: verb, qal imperfect, 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix with waw consecutive - and they forsook him
• *yassēbbû*: verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive - and they turned
• *pənêhem*: noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their faces
• *min*: preposition - from
• *miškkan*: noun, masculine singular construct - dwelling place of
• *yittənû*: verb, qal imperfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive - and they gave
• *ʿōrep*: noun, masculine singular - back/neck

Word Meanings

• *māʿălû*: acted unfaithfully/trespassed/betrayed
• *raʿ*: evil/wickedness/badness
• *yaʿazbūhû*: forsook him/abandoned him
• *yassēbbû*: turned away/turned around
• *miškkan*: dwelling place/tabernacle/residence
• *yittənû*-*ʿōrep*: turned their backs/showed contempt (idiom)

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  For our ancestors were unfaithful and did what was evil in the sight of the LORD our God. They abandoned Him, turned their backs on His dwelling place, and walked away.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  For our fathers have trespassed, and done that which was evil in the eyes of the LORD our God, and have forsaken him, and have turned away their faces from the habitation of the LORD, and turned their backs.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  For our fathers have trespassed, and done evil in the eyes of the LORD our God, and have forsaken Him, and turned away from the dwelling place of the LORD, and turned their backs.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  For our fathers have trespassed, and done that which was evil in the eyes of the LORD our God, and have forsaken him, and have turned away their faces from the habitation of the LORD, and turned their backs.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  For our fathers{H1} have trespassed,{H4603} and done{H6213} that which was evil{H7451} in the sight{H5869} of Jehovah{H3068} our God,{H430} and have forsaken{H5800} him, and have turned away{H5437} their faces{H6440} from the habitation{H4908} of Jehovah,{H3068} and turned{H5414} their backs.{H6203}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  For our fathers{H1} have trespassed{H4603}{(H8804)}, and done{H6213}{(H8804)} that which was evil{H7451} in the eyes{H5869} of the LORD{H3068} our God{H430}, and have forsaken{H5800}{(H8799)} him, and have turned away{H5437}{(H8686)} their faces{H6440} from the habitation{H4908} of the LORD{H3068}, and turned{H5414}{(H8799)} their backs{H6203}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  for oure fathers haue trespaced, and done yt which was euell in the sighte of the LORDE oure God, and haue forsaken him. For they turned their faces from the habitacio of ye LORDE oure God, & turned their backes on it,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  For our fathers haue trespassed, and done euill in the eyes of the Lord our God, and haue forsaken him, & turned away their faces from the Tabernacle of the Lord, and turned their backes.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  For our fathers haue trespassed, and done euill in the eyes of the Lorde our God, and haue forsaken him, and turned away their faces from the habitation of the Lord, and turned their backes on it.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  For our fathers have trespassed, and done [that which was] evil in the eyes of the LORD our God, and have forsaken him, and have turned away their faces from the habitation of the LORD, and turned [their] backs.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  For our fathers have trespassed, and done that which was evil in the sight of Yahweh our God, and have forsaken him, and have turned away their faces from the habitation of Yahweh, and turned their backs.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  for our fathers have trespassed, and done that which is evil in the eyes of Jehovah our God, and forsake him, and turn round their faces from the tabernacle of Jehovah, and give the neck.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  For our fathers have trespassed, and done that which was evil in the sight of Jehovah our God, and have forsaken him, and have turned away their faces from the habitation of Jehovah, and turned their backs.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  For our fathers have trespassed, and done that which was evil in the sight of Jehovah our God, and have forsaken him, and have turned away their faces from the habitation of Jehovah, and turned their backs.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  For our fathers have done evil, sinning in the eyes of the Lord our God, and have given him up, turning away their faces from the house of the Lord, and turning their backs on him.

• World English Bible (2000)

  For our fathers have trespassed, and done that which was evil in the sight of Yahweh our God, and have forsaken him, and have turned away their faces from the habitation of Yahweh, and turned their backs.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  For our fathers were unfaithful; they did what is evil in the sight of the LORD our God and abandoned him! They turned away from the LORD’s dwelling place and rejected him.

Referenced Verses

• Ezek 8:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.8.16", "source": "וַיָּבֵ֣א אֹתִ֗י אֶל־חֲצַ֣ר בֵּית־יְהוָה֮ הַפְּנִימִית֒ וְהִנֵּה־פֶ֜תַח הֵיכַ֣ל יְהוָ֗ה בֵּ֤ין הָֽאוּלָם֙ וּבֵ֣ין הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ כְּעֶשְׂרִ֥ים וַחֲמִשָּׁ֖ה אִ֑ישׁ אֲחֹ֨רֵיהֶ֜ם אֶל־הֵיכַ֤ל יְהוָה֙ וּפְנֵיהֶ֣ם קֵ֔דְמָה וְהֵ֛מָּה מִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֥ם קֵ֖דְמָה לַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃", "text": "And *wayyābēʾ* me to *ḥăṣar* *bêt-YHWH* *happĕnîmît* and-*wĕhinnēh* *petaḥ* *hêkal* *YHWH* between *hāʾûlām* and-between *hammizbēaḥ* about-twenty and-five *ʾîš*; *ʾăḥōrêhem* toward *hêkal* *YHWH* and-*pĕnêhem* *qēdĕmāh* and-they *mištaḥăwîtem* *qēdĕmāh* to-the-*šāmeš*.", "grammar": { "*wayyābēʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he brought", "*ḥăṣar*": "construct form - court of", "*bêt-YHWH*": "construct form - house of YHWH", "*happĕnîmît*": "definite feminine singular adjective - the inner", "*wĕhinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*petaḥ*": "construct form - entrance of", "*hêkal*": "construct form - temple/palace of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*hāʾûlām*": "definite masculine singular noun - the porch/vestibule", "*hammizbēaḥ*": "definite masculine singular noun - the altar", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/men", "*ʾăḥōrêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their backs", "*pĕnêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their faces", "*qēdĕmāh*": "feminine singular noun with directional he - eastward", "*mištaḥăwîtem*": "Hishtaphel participle masculine plural - bowing down/worshiping", "*šāmeš*": "definite feminine singular noun - the sun" }, "variants": { "*wayyābēʾ*": "and he brought/led/caused to enter", "*ḥăṣar*": "court/enclosure/yard", "*bêt-YHWH*": "house of YHWH/temple", "*happĕnîmît*": "the inner/interior/inside", "*wĕhinnēh*": "and behold/look/see", "*petaḥ*": "entrance/doorway/opening", "*hêkal*": "temple/palace/main hall", "*hāʾûlām*": "the porch/vestibule/entrance hall", "*hammizbēaḥ*": "the altar/place of sacrifice", "*ʾîš*": "man/men/person", "*ʾăḥōrêhem*": "their backs/rear", "*pĕnêhem*": "their faces/presence", "*qēdĕmāh*": "eastward/toward the east", "*mištaḥăwîtem*": "bowing down/worshiping/prostrating themselves", "*šāmeš*": "the sun/sunlight/sunrise" } }
• Jer 2:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.27", "source": "אֹמְרִ֨ים לָעֵ֜ץ אָ֣בִי אַ֗תָּה וְלָאֶ֙בֶן֙ אַ֣תְּ ילדתני יְלִדְתָּ֔נוּ כִּֽי־פָנ֥וּ אֵלַ֛י עֹ֖רֶף וְלֹ֣א פָנִ֑ים וּבְעֵ֤ת רָֽעָתָם֙ יֹֽאמְר֔וּ ק֖וּמָה וְהוֹשִׁיעֵֽנוּ׃", "text": "*ʾōmərîm* *lāʿēṣ* *ʾābî* *ʾattāh* *wəlāʾeben* *ʾatt* *yəlidtānû* *kî*-*fānû* *ʾēlay* *ʿōref* *wəlōʾ* *fānîm* *ūbəʿēt* *rāʿātām* *yōʾmərû* *qûmāh* *wəhôšîʿēnû*", "grammar": { "*ʾōmərîm*": "participle Qal, masculine plural - saying", "*lāʿēṣ*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the wood/tree", "*ʾābî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my father", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*wəlāʾeben*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - and to the stone", "*ʾatt*": "2nd feminine singular pronoun - you", "*yəlidtānû*": "perfect Qal, 2nd masculine singular with 1st plural suffix - you gave birth to us (Qere, corrected reading)", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*fānû*": "perfect Qal, 3rd common plural - they have turned", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - to me", "*ʿōref*": "masculine singular noun - back/neck", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*fānîm*": "masculine plural noun - face", "*ūbəʿēt*": "conjunction + preposition + construct feminine singular noun - but in the time of", "*rāʿātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their calamity/trouble", "*yōʾmərû*": "imperfect Qal, 3rd masculine plural - they will say", "*qûmāh*": "imperative Qal, masculine singular - arise", "*wəhôšîʿēnû*": "conjunction + imperative Hiphil, masculine singular with 1st plural suffix - and save us" }, "variants": { "*ʾōmərîm*": "saying/declaring/speaking", "*ʿēṣ*": "wood/tree/timber (wooden idol)", "*ʾeben*": "stone/rock (stone idol)", "*yəlidtānû*": "you gave birth to us/you bore us/you brought us forth (textual variant: *yəlidtānû* [Qere] = you [masculine singular] gave birth to us vs. *yəlidtinî* [Ketiv] = you [feminine singular] gave birth to me)", "*fānû*": "they have turned/faced/directed", "*ʿōref*": "back/neck/shoulder (idiom for turning away)", "*fānîm*": "face/presence/front", "*rāʿātām*": "their calamity/trouble/distress", "*qûmāh*": "arise/stand up/get up", "*hôšîʿēnû*": "save us/rescue us/deliver us" } }
• Jer 16:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.16.19", "source": "יְהוָ֞ה עֻזִּ֧י וּמָעֻזִּ֛י וּמְנוּסִ֖י בְּי֣וֹם צָרָ֑ה אֵלֶ֗יךָ גּוֹיִ֤ם יָבֹ֙אוּ֙ מֵֽאַפְסֵי־אָ֔רֶץ וְיֹאמְר֗וּ אַךְ־שֶׁ֙קֶר֙ נָחֲל֣וּ אֲבוֹתֵ֔ינוּ הֶ֖בֶל וְאֵֽין־בָּ֥ם מוֹעִֽיל׃", "text": "*YHWH* *ʿuzzî* and-*māʿuzzî* and-*mənûsî* in-*yôm* *ṣārāh* to-you *gôyim* *yāḇōʾû* from-*ʾap̄sê*-*ʾāreṣ* and-*yōʾmərû* surely-*šeqer* *nāḥălû* *ʾăḇôṯênû* *heḇel* and-nothing-in-them *môʿîl*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʿuzzî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my strength", "*māʿuzzî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my fortress", "*mənûsî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my refuge", "*yôm*": "masculine singular construct - day of", "*ṣārāh*": "feminine singular noun - distress/trouble", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/peoples", "*yāḇōʾû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall come", "*ʾap̄sê*": "masculine plural construct - ends of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*yōʾmərû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall say", "*šeqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood/lie", "*nāḥălû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they inherited", "*ʾăḇôṯênû*": "masculine plural noun + 1st common plural suffix - our fathers", "*heḇel*": "masculine singular noun - vanity/emptiness", "*môʿîl*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - profiting/benefiting" }, "variants": { "*ʿōz*": "strength/might/power", "*māʿôz*": "fortress/stronghold/refuge", "*mānôs*": "refuge/escape/flight", "*ṣārāh*": "distress/trouble/affliction", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*heḇel*": "vanity/emptiness/futility", "*môʿîl*": "benefiting/profiting/useful" } }
• Jer 44:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.44.21", "source": "הֲל֣וֹא אֶת־הַקִּטֵּ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר קִטַּרְתֶּ֜ם בְּעָרֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ וּבְחֻצ֣וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם אַתֶּ֧ם וַאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֛ם מַלְכֵיכֶ֥ם וְשָׂרֵיכֶ֖ם וְעַ֣ם הָאָ֑רֶץ אֹתָם֙ זָכַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה וַֽתַּעֲלֶ֖ה עַל־לִבּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*hălôʾ ʾet-haqqiṭṭēr ʾăšer qiṭṭartem* in the cities of *yəhûdāh* and in the streets of *yərûšālaim*, you and your *ʾăbôtêkem*, your *malkêkem* and your *śārêkem* and the *ʿam hāʾāreṣ*, *ʾōtām zākar YHWH wattaʿăleh ʿal-libbô*.", "grammar": { "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative + negative particle - is not", "*ʾet-haqqiṭṭēr*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun masculine singular - the incense burning", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*qiṭṭartem*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine plural - you burned/offered", "*ʾăbôtêkem*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*malkêkem*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your kings", "*śārêkem*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your princes/officials", "*ʿam*": "noun masculine singular construct - people of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the land", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*zākar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - remembered", "*wattaʿăleh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - and it came up", "*ʿal-libbô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon his heart" }, "variants": { "*qiṭṭēr*": "incense burning/sacrificing/making offerings", "*ʿam hāʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people/population", "*zākar*": "remembered/recalled/took note of", "*ʿālāh ʿal-lēb*": "came up upon heart/came to mind/remembered" } }
• Lam 5:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Lamentations.5.7", "source": "אֲבֹתֵ֤ינוּ חָֽטְאוּ֙ וְאֵינָ֔ם וַאֲנַ֖חְנוּ עֲוֺנֹתֵיהֶ֥ם סָבָֽלְנוּ׃", "text": "*ʾăḇōṯênû* *ḥāṭəʾû* and-*ʾênām*, and-*ʾănaḥnû* *ʿăwōnōṯêhem* *sāḇālnû*", "grammar": { "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - our fathers", "*ḥāṭəʾû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they sinned", "*ʾênām*": "particle of negation with 3rd masculine plural suffix - they are not", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "1st person plural independent pronoun - we", "*ʿăwōnōṯêhem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their iniquities", "*sāḇālnû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we have borne/carried" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "our fathers/ancestors", "*ḥāṭəʾû*": "they sinned/transgressed/erred", "*ʾênām*": "they are not/no longer exist/are gone", "*ʿăwōnōṯêhem*": "their iniquities/sins/punishments", "*sāḇālnû*": "we have borne/carried/endured" } }
• Dan 9:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.16", "source": "אֲדֹנָ֗י כְּכָל־צִדְקֹתֶ֙ךָ֙ יָֽשָׁב־נָ֤א אַפְּךָ֙ וַחֲמָ֣תְךָ֔ מֵעִֽירְךָ֥ יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם הַר־קָדְשֶׁ֑ךָ כִּ֤י בַחֲטָאֵ֙ינוּ֙ וּבַעֲוֺנ֣וֹת אֲבֹתֵ֔ינוּ יְרוּשָׁלַ֧͏ִם וְעַמְּךָ֛ לְחֶרְפָּ֖ה לְכָל־סְבִיבֹתֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "*ʾăḏōnāy*, according to all-*ṣiḏqōṯeḵā* *yāšāḇ*-please *ʾappəḵā* and *ḥămāṯəḵā* from *ʿîrəḵā* *yərûšālayim* *har*-*qāḏšeḵā*; for in *ḥăṭāʾênû* and in *ʿăwōnôṯ* *ʾăḇōṯênû*, *yərûšālayim* and *ʿamməḵā* are for *ḥerpāh* to all-*səḇîḇōṯênû*.", "grammar": { "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*ṣiḏqōṯeḵā*": "noun, feminine, plural with 2ms suffix - your righteous acts", "*yāšāḇ*": "jussive, 3rd masculine singular, qal - let turn back", "*ʾappəḵā*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2ms suffix - your anger", "*ḥămāṯəḵā*": "noun, feminine, singular with 2ms suffix - your wrath", "*ʿîrəḵā*": "noun, feminine, singular with 2ms suffix - your city", "*yərûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*har*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - mountain of", "*qāḏšeḵā*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2ms suffix - your holiness", "*ḥăṭāʾênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our sins", "*ʿăwōnôṯ*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - iniquities of", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our fathers", "*ʿamməḵā*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2ms suffix - your people", "*ḥerpāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - reproach", "*səḇîḇōṯênû*": "noun, feminine, plural with 1pl suffix - our surroundings" }, "variants": { "*ṣiḏqōṯeḵā*": "your righteous acts/righteousness/justices", "*yāšāḇ*": "let turn back/return/be removed", "*ʾappəḵā*": "your anger/wrath/nose", "*ḥămāṯəḵā*": "your wrath/fury/hot anger", "*har*": "mountain/hill", "*qāḏšeḵā*": "your holiness/sanctuary", "*ḥăṭāʾênû*": "our sins/errors/failures", "*ʿăwōnôṯ*": "iniquities/perversities/guilt of", "*ḥerpāh*": "reproach/disgrace/scorn" } }
• Matt 10:37 : 37 { "verseID": "Matthew.10.37", "source": "Ὁ φιλῶν πατέρα ἢ μητέρα ὑπὲρ ἐμὲ οὐκ ἔστιν μου ἄξιος: καὶ ὁ φιλῶν υἱὸν ἢ θυγατέρα ὑπὲρ ἐμέ οὐκ ἔστιν μου ἄξιος.", "text": "The one *philōn* *patera* or *mētera* *hyper* me not *estin* of-me *axios*: and the one *philōn* *huion* or *thygatera* *hyper* me not *estin* of-me *axios*.", "grammar": { "*philōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - loving", "*patera*": "accusative masculine singular - father", "*mētera*": "accusative feminine singular - mother", "*hyper*": "preposition + accusative - above/more than", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*axios*": "nominative masculine singular - worthy", "*huion*": "accusative masculine singular - son" }, "variants": { "*philōn*": "loving/caring for/having affection for", "*patera*": "father/ancestor", "*mētera*": "mother/female parent", "*hyper*": "above/more than/beyond", "*axios*": "worthy/deserving/suitable", "*huion*": "son/male child", "*thygatera*": "daughter/female child" } }
• Matt 23:30-32 : 30 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.30", "source": "Καὶ λέγετε, Εἰ ἤμεν ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν, οὐκ ἂν ἤμεν κοινωνοὶ αὐτῶν ἐν τῷ αἵματι τῶν προφητῶν.", "text": "And *legete*, If we-*ēmen* in the *hēmerais* of-the *paterōn* of-us, not *an ēmen* *koinōnoi* of-them in the *haimati* of-the *prophētōn*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*legete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you say", "*Ei*": "conditional particle - if", "*ēmen*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 1st person plural - we were", "*en*": "preposition with dative - in", "*hēmerais*": "dative, feminine, plural - days", "*paterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of fathers/ancestors", "*hēmōn*": "genitive, plural - of us", "*ouk an ēmen*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 1st person plural with negative and conditional particle - we would not have been", "*koinōnoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - partners/participants", "*autōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of them/with them", "*en*": "preposition with dative - in", "*haimati*": "dative, neuter, singular - blood", "*prophētōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of prophets" }, "variants": { "*legete*": "say/speak/tell", "*ēmen*": "we were/had been", "*hēmerais*": "days/times/era", "*paterōn*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*koinōnoi*": "partners/participants/accomplices", "*haimati*": "blood/bloodshed/blood-guilt", "*prophētōn*": "prophets/those who speak for God" } } 31 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.31", "source": "Ὥστε μαρτυρεῖτε ἑαυτοῖς, ὅτι υἱοί ἐστε τῶν φονευσάντων τοὺς προφήτας.", "text": "*Hōste martyreite* to-yourselves, that *huioi* *este* of-the ones *phoneusantōn* the *prophētas*.", "grammar": { "*Hōste*": "conjunction - so that/therefore", "*martyreite*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you testify/bear witness", "*heautois*": "dative, masculine, plural, reflexive pronoun - to yourselves", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*huioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - sons", "*este*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you are", "*phoneusantōn*": "aorist, active, participle, genitive, masculine, plural - of the ones who murdered", "*prophētas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - prophets" }, "variants": { "*martyreite*": "testify/bear witness/give evidence", "*heautois*": "to yourselves/against yourselves", "*huioi*": "sons/descendants/offspring", "*phoneusantōn*": "those who murdered/killed/slaughtered", "*prophētas*": "prophets/those who speak for God" } } 32 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.32", "source": "Καὶ ὑμεῖς πληρώσατε τὸ μέτρον τῶν πατέρων ὑμῶν.", "text": "And you *plērōsate* the *metron* of-the *paterōn* of-you.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*hymeis*": "nominative, plural - you (emphatic, subject)", "*plērōsate*": "aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person plural - fill up!", "*metron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - measure", "*paterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of fathers/ancestors", "*hymōn*": "genitive, plural - of you" }, "variants": { "*plērōsate*": "fill up/complete/fulfill! (can be understood as imperative or predictive)", "*metron*": "measure/limit/standard", "*paterōn*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } }
• 2 Chr 28:2-4 : 2 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.2", "source": "וַיֵּ֕לֶךְ בְּדַרְכֵ֖י מַלְכֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְגַ֧ם מַסֵּכ֛וֹת עָשָׂ֖ה לַבְּעָלִֽים׃", "text": "*wayyêlek* *bədarḵê* *malḵê* *Yiśrāʾêl* *wəgam* *massêḵôt* *ʿāśāh* *laBBəʿālîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyêlek*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular imperfect waw-consecutive - and he walked", "*bədarḵê*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - in ways of", "*malḵê*": "masculine plural construct - kings of", "*Yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wəgam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also", "*massêḵôt*": "feminine plural noun - molten images", "*ʿāśāh*": "3rd masculine singular perfect - he made", "*laBBəʿālîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - for the Baals" }, "variants": { "*massêḵôt*": "molten images/cast idols", "*Bəʿālîm*": "Baals/lords/masters (Canaanite deities)" } } 3 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.3", "source": "וְה֥וּא הִקְטִ֖יר בְּגֵ֣יא בֶן־הִנֹּ֑ם וַיַּבְעֵ֤ר אֶת־בָּנָיו֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ כְּתֹֽעֲבוֹת֙ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ הֹרִ֣ישׁ יְהוָ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wəhûʾ* *hiqṭîr* *bəgêʾ* *ben*-*Hinnōm* *wayyaḇʿêr* *ʾet*-*bānāyw* *bāʾêsh* *kətôʿaḇôt* *haggôyim* *ʾasher* *hôrîsh* *YHWH* *mippənê* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾêl*", "grammar": { "*wəhûʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular personal pronoun - and he", "*hiqṭîr*": "3rd masculine singular hiphil perfect - he burned incense/made sacrifices", "*bəgêʾ*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in valley of", "*ben*-*Hinnōm*": "construct state + proper noun - son of Hinnom", "*wayyaḇʿêr*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular hiphil imperfect waw-consecutive - and he burned/caused to burn", "*ʾet*-*bānāyw*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*bāʾêsh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the fire", "*kətôʿaḇôt*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - like abominations of", "*haggôyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the nations", "*ʾasher*": "relative pronoun - whom/which", "*hôrîsh*": "3rd masculine singular hiphil perfect - dispossessed/drove out", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*mippənê*": "preposition + plural construct - from before", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*hiqṭîr*": "burned incense/offered sacrifice by burning", "*gêʾ* *ben*-*Hinnōm*": "Valley of Ben-Hinnom/Valley of the son of Hinnom (later Gehenna)", "*wayyaḇʿêr*": "burned/consumed/caused to burn", "*hôrîsh*": "dispossessed/drove out/expelled" } } 4 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.4", "source": "וַיְזַבֵּ֧חַ וַיְקַטֵּ֛ר בַּבָּמ֖וֹת וְעַל־הַגְּבָע֑וֹת וְתַ֖חַת כָּל־עֵ֥ץ רַעֲנָֽן׃", "text": "*wayəzabbêaḥ* *wayəqaṭṭêr* *babbāmôt* *wəʿal*-*haggəḇāʿôt* *wətaḥat* *kol*-*ʿêṣ* *raʿanān*", "grammar": { "*wayəzabbêaḥ*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular piel imperfect waw-consecutive - and he sacrificed", "*wayəqaṭṭêr*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular piel imperfect waw-consecutive - and he burned incense", "*babbāmôt*": "preposition + definite article + feminine plural noun - on the high places", "*wəʿal*-*haggəḇāʿôt*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + feminine plural noun - and on the hills", "*wətaḥat*": "conjunction + preposition - and under", "*kol*-*ʿêṣ*": "construct state - every tree", "*raʿanān*": "masculine singular adjective - green/luxuriant/leafy" }, "variants": { "*bāmôt*": "high places/cultic platforms", "*raʿanān*": "green/luxuriant/leafy/flourishing" } }
• 2 Chr 28:23-25 : 23 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.23", "source": "וַיִּזְבַּ֗ח לֵֽאלֹהֵ֣י דַרְמֶשֶׂק֮ הַמַּכִּ֣ים בּוֹ֒ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר כִּ֠י אֱלֹהֵ֤י מַלְכֵֽי־אֲרָם֙ הֵ֚ם מַעְזְרִ֣ים אוֹתָ֔ם לָהֶ֥ם אֲזַבֵּ֖חַ וְיַעְזְר֑וּנִי וְהֵ֛ם הָֽיוּ־ל֥וֹ לְהַכְשִׁיל֖וֹ וּלְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wayyizbaḥ* *lêʾlōhê* *Darmeśeq* *hammakkîm* *bô* *wayyōʾmer* *kî* *ʾĕlōhê* *malḵê*-*ʾĂrām* *hêm* *maʿzərîm* *ʾôtām* *lāhem* *ʾazabbêaḥ* *wəyaʿzərûnî* *wəhêm* *hāyû*-*lô* *ləhaḵshîlô* *ûləḵol*-*Yiśrāʾêl*", "grammar": { "*wayyizbaḥ*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and he sacrificed", "*lêʾlōhê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - to gods of", "*Darmeśeq*": "proper noun - Damascus", "*hammakkîm*": "definite article + hiphil participle masculine plural - the ones striking", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - against him", "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and he said", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/that", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - gods of", "*malḵê*-*ʾĂrām*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - kings of Aram/Syria", "*hêm*": "3rd masculine plural personal pronoun - they", "*maʿzərîm*": "piel participle masculine plural - helping", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*ʾazabbêaḥ*": "1st common singular piel imperfect - I will sacrifice", "*wəyaʿzərûnî*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine plural qal imperfect + 1st common singular suffix - and they will help me", "*wəhêm*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine plural personal pronoun - and they", "*hāyû*-*lô*": "3rd masculine plural qal perfect + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - were to him", "*ləhaḵshîlô*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - for causing him to stumble", "*ûləḵol*-*Yiśrāʾêl*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular construct + proper noun - and to all Israel" }, "variants": { "*hammakkîm*": "the ones striking/defeating/conquering", "*maʿzərîm*": "helping/strengthening/supporting", "*ləhaḵshîlô*": "for causing him to stumble/to bring him down/to cause his downfall" } } 24 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.24", "source": "וַיֶּאֱסֹ֨ף אָחָ֜ז אֶת־כְּלֵ֣י בֵית־הֽ͏ָאֱלֹהִ֗ים וַיְקַצֵּץ֙ אֶת־כְּלֵ֣י בֵית־הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים וַיִּסְגֹּ֖ר אֶת־דַּלְת֣וֹת בֵּית־יְהוָ֑ה וַיַּ֨עַשׂ ל֧וֹ מִזְבְּח֛וֹת בְּכָל־פִּנָּ֖ה בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "*wayeʾĕsōp* *ʾĀḥāz* *ʾet*-*kəlê* *bêt*-*hāʾĕlōhîm* *wayəqaṣṣêṣ* *ʾet*-*kəlê* *bêt*-*hāʾĕlōhîm* *wayyisgōr* *ʾet*-*daltôt* *bêt*-*YHWH* *wayyaʿaś* *lô* *mizbəḥôt* *bəḵol*-*pinnāh* *bîrûshālāʾim*", "grammar": { "*wayeʾĕsōp*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and he gathered", "*ʾĀḥāz*": "proper noun - Ahaz", "*ʾet*-*kəlê*": "direct object marker + masculine plural construct - vessels/utensils of", "*bêt*-*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine singular construct + definite article + masculine plural noun - house of God", "*wayəqaṣṣêṣ*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular piel imperfect waw-consecutive - and he cut in pieces", "*ʾet*-*kəlê*": "direct object marker + masculine plural construct - vessels/utensils of", "*bêt*-*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine singular construct + definite article + masculine plural noun - house of God", "*wayyisgōr*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and he shut", "*ʾet*-*daltôt*": "direct object marker + feminine plural construct - doors of", "*bêt*-*YHWH*": "masculine singular construct + divine name - house of Yahweh", "*wayyaʿaś*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and he made", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - for himself", "*mizbəḥôt*": "masculine plural noun - altars", "*bəḵol*-*pinnāh*": "preposition + masculine singular construct + feminine singular noun - in every corner", "*bîrûshālāʾim*": "preposition + proper noun - in Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*wayəqaṣṣêṣ*": "cut in pieces/cut off/broke into pieces", "*pinnāh*": "corner/turning point/angle" } } 25 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.25", "source": "וּבְכָל־עִ֨יר וָעִ֤יר לִֽיהוּדָה֙ עָשָׂ֣ה בָמ֔וֹת לְקַטֵּ֖ר לֵֽאלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים וַיַּכְעֵ֕ס אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "*ûḇəḵol*-*ʿîr* *wāʿîr* *lîhûdāh* *ʿāśāh* *bāmôt* *ləqaṭṭêr* *lêʾlōhîm* *ʾaḥêrîm* *wayyaḵʿês* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾaḇōtāyw*", "grammar": { "*ûḇəḵol*-*ʿîr*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular construct + feminine singular noun - and in every city", "*wāʿîr*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and city", "*lîhûdāh*": "preposition + proper noun - of/belonging to Judah", "*ʿāśāh*": "3rd masculine singular qal perfect - he made", "*bāmôt*": "feminine plural noun - high places", "*ləqaṭṭêr*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to burn incense/offer sacrifice", "*lêʾlōhîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - to gods", "*ʾaḥêrîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other", "*wayyaḵʿês*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular hiphil imperfect waw-consecutive - and he provoked to anger", "*ʾet*-*YHWH*": "direct object marker + divine name - Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾaḇōtāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his fathers" }, "variants": { "*ʿîr* *wāʿîr*": "city and city (idiom for every single city/each and every city)", "*bāmôt*": "high places/cultic platforms", "*ləqaṭṭêr*": "to burn incense/offer sacrifices by burning", "*wayyaḵʿês*": "provoked to anger/vexed/offended" } }
• 2 Chr 34:21 : 21 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.34.21", "source": "לְכוּ֩ דִרְשׁ֨וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֜ה בַּעֲדִ֗י וּבְעַד֙ הַנִּשְׁאָר֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל וּבִֽיהוּדָ֔ה עַל־דִּבְרֵ֥י הַסֵּ֖פֶר אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִמְצָ֑א כִּֽי־גְדוֹלָ֤ה חֲמַת־יְהוָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִתְּכָ֣ה בָ֔נוּ עַל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־שָׁמְר֤וּ אֲבוֹתֵ֙ינוּ֙ אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה לַעֲשׂ֕וֹת כְּכָל־הַכָּת֖וּב עַל־הַסֵּ֥פֶר הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "Go, *dirshû* *ʾet*-*YHWH* on behalf of-me and on behalf of-the *nnishʾār* in *Yiśrāʾēl* and in *Yəhûdâ* concerning-*dibrê* the *sēper* which *nimtsāʾ*; for-*gədôlâ* *chămat*-*YHWH* which *nittəkâ* on us concerning that not-*shāmərû* our *ʾăbôtênû* *ʾet*-*dəbar* *YHWH*, to *laʿăśôt* according to all-the *kātûb* upon-the *sēper* the this.", "grammar": { "*ləkû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - go", "*dirshû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - seek/inquire of", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ba-ʿădî*": "preposition + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - on behalf of me", "*û-bəʿad*": "conjunction + preposition - and on behalf of", "*ha-nnishʾār*": "definite article + niphal participle masculine singular - the remnant/those remaining", "*bə-Yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - in Israel", "*û-bi-Yəhûdâ*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and in Judah", "*ʿal-dibrê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - concerning words of", "*ha-sēper*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the book/scroll", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*nimtsāʾ*": "niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - was found", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*gədôlâ*": "adjective feminine singular - great", "*chămat*": "feminine singular construct - wrath of", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*nittəkâ*": "niphal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - is poured out", "*bānû*": "preposition with 1st person plural suffix - on us", "*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/because", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - that", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*shāmərû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they kept/observed", "*ʾăbôtênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our fathers", "*dəbar*": "masculine singular construct - word of", "*la-ʿăśôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to do/perform", "*kə-kāl*": "preposition + noun construct - according to all", "*ha-kātûb*": "definite article + qal passive participle masculine singular - the written", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/in", "*ha-sēper*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the book/scroll", "*ha-zze*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this" }, "variants": { "*dārash*": "seek, inquire of, consult", "*nishʾār*": "remnant, remainder, those left", "*dibrê*": "words, statements, matters", "*nimtsāʾ*": "was found, was discovered", "*gədôlâ*": "great, large, intense", "*chămâ*": "wrath, anger, fury", "*nātak*": "is poured out, is poured forth", "*shāmar*": "kept, observed, obeyed", "*dābar*": "word, command, instruction", "*ʿāśâ*": "do, perform, fulfill", "*kātûb*": "written, recorded, inscribed" } }
• Ezra 5:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Ezra.5.12", "source": "לָהֵ֗ן מִן־דִּ֨י הַרְגִּ֤זוּ אֲבָהֳתַ֙נָא֙ לֶאֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֔א יְהַ֣ב הִמּ֔וֹ בְּיַ֛ד נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֥ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל *כסדיא **כַּסְדָּאָ֑ה וּבַיְתָ֤ה דְנָה֙ סַתְרֵ֔הּ וְעַמָּ֖ה הַגְלִ֥י לְבָבֶֽל׃", "text": "But since *hargizû* our *ʾăḇāhăṯanāʾ* to *ʾĕlāh* *šəmayyāʾ* *yəhaḇ* them into hand *Nəḇûḵaḏneṣṣar* *meleḵ*-*Bāḇel* *Kaśdāʾāh* and *baytāh* this *saṯrēh* and the people *haglî* to *Bāḇel*.", "grammar": { "*hargizû*": "Haphel perfect, 3rd plural - they provoked to anger", "*ʾăḇāhăṯanāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st plural suffix - our fathers", "*ʾĕlāh*": "noun, masculine singular, construct state - God of", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural, emphatic state - the heavens", "*yəhaḇ*": "Peal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he gave", "*Nəḇûḵaḏneṣṣar*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Nebuchadnezzar", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular, construct state - king of", "*Bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*Kaśdāʾāh*": "adjective, masculine singular, emphatic state - the Chaldean", "*baytāh*": "noun, masculine singular, emphatic state - the house", "*saṯrēh*": "Peal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular object suffix - destroyed it", "*haglî*": "Haphel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he exiled" }, "variants": { "*hargizû*": "provoked to anger/enraged/made furious", "*ʾăḇāhăṯanāʾ*": "our fathers/our ancestors", "*yəhaḇ*": "gave/handed over/delivered", "*Kaśdāʾāh*": "the Chaldean/the Babylonian", "*saṯrēh*": "destroyed it/demolished it/tore it down", "*haglî*": "exiled/deported/carried away" } }
• Ezra 9:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Ezra.9.7", "source": "מִימֵ֣י אֲבֹתֵ֗ינוּ אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ בְּאַשְׁמָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וּבַעֲוֺנֹתֵ֡ינוּ נִתַּ֡נּוּ אֲנַחְנוּ֩ מְלָכֵ֨ינוּ כֹהֲנֵ֜ינוּ בְּיַ֣ד ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י הָאֲרָצ֗וֹת בַּחֶ֜רֶב בַּשְּׁבִ֧י וּבַבִּזָּ֛ה וּבְבֹ֥שֶׁת פָּנִ֖ים כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה", "text": "From-*yāmîm* *ʾăbōtênû* we in-*ʾašmâ* *gǝdōlâ* until the-*yôm* the-this, and-in-*ʿăwōnôt*-our *nātan* we, *mǝlākênû*, *kōhănênû* into-*yād* *malkê hāʾărāṣôt*, in-the-*ḥereb*, in-the-*šǝbî*, and-in-the-*bizzâ*, and-in-*bōšet pānîm* as-the-*yôm* the-this", "grammar": { "*yāmîm*": "masculine plural construct - 'days of'", "*ʾăbōtênû*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our fathers'", "*ʾašmâ*": "feminine singular - 'guilt'", "*gǝdōlâ*": "feminine singular adjective - 'great'", "*yôm*": "masculine singular - 'day'", "*ʿăwōnôt*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our iniquities'", "*nātan*": "Niphal perfect 1st plural - 'we have been given'", "*mǝlākênû*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our kings'", "*kōhănênû*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our priests'", "*yād*": "feminine singular construct - 'hand of'", "*malkê hāʾărāṣôt*": "construct relationship - 'kings of the lands'", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular with prefix ב - 'by the sword'", "*šǝbî*": "masculine singular with prefix ב - 'in captivity'", "*bizzâ*": "feminine singular with prefix ב - 'to plunder'", "*bōšet pānîm*": "construct relationship - 'shame of face'" }, "variants": { "*ʾašmâ*": "guilt/offense/sin", "*nātan*": "given/delivered/handed over", "*ḥereb*": "sword/warfare/violence", "*šǝbî*": "captivity/imprisonment", "*bizzâ*": "plunder/spoil/looting", "*bōšet pānîm*": "shame of face/disgrace/humiliation" } }
• Neh 9:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.16", "source": "וְהֵ֥ם וַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ הֵזִ֑ידוּ וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־עָרְפָּ֔ם וְלֹ֥א שָׁמְע֖וּ אֶל־מִצְוֺתֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wə-hēm waʾăbōtênû hēzîdû wayyaqšû ʾet-ʿorpām wə-lōʾ šāməʿû ʾel-miṣwōteyḵā", "grammar": { "*wə-hēm*": "conjunction + 3mp pronoun - and they", "*waʾăbōtênû*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural + 1cp suffix - and our fathers", "*hēzîdû*": "hiphil perfect, 3cp - they acted presumptuously/proudly", "*wayyaqšû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3mp - and they hardened", "*ʾet-ʿorpām*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - their neck", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šāməʿû*": "qal perfect, 3cp - they listened/obeyed", "*ʾel-miṣwōteyḵā*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2ms suffix - to your commandments" }, "variants": { "*hēzîdû*": "acted presumptuously/became proud/were insolent", "*wayyaqšû ʾet-ʿorpām*": "hardened their necks/became stubborn/stiffened their necks", "*šāməʿû*": "listened/obeyed/heeded" } }
• Neh 9:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.32", "source": "וְעַתָּ֣ה אֱ֠לֹהֵינוּ הָאֵ֨ל הַגָּד֜וֹל הַגִּבּ֣וֹר וְהַנּוֹרָא֮ שׁוֹמֵ֣ר הַבְּרִ֣ית וְהַחֶסֶד֒ אַל־יִמְעַ֣ט לְפָנֶ֡יךָ אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַתְּלָאָ֣ה אֽ͏ֲשֶׁר־מְ֠צָאַתְנוּ לִמְלָכֵ֨ינוּ לְשָׂרֵ֧ינוּ וּלְכֹהֲנֵ֛ינוּ וְלִנְבִיאֵ֥נוּ וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ וּלְכָל־עַמֶּ֑ךָ מִימֵי֙ מַלְכֵ֣י אַשּׁ֔וּר עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-now, *ʾĕlōhênû*, *hā-ʾēl* *hag-gāḏôl* *hag-gibbôr* *wə-han-nôrāʾ*, *šômēr* *hab-bərîṯ* *wə-ha-ḥeseḏ*, not-*yimʿaṭ* before-you *ʾēṯ* all-*hat-təlāʾāh* which-*məṣāʾaṯnû* to-*məlāḵênû* to-*śārênû* and-to-*kōhănênû* and-to-*nəḇîʾênû* and-to-*ʾăḇōṯênû* and-to-all-*ʿammeḵā* from-days-of *malḵê* *ʾaššûr* until the-*yôm* *haz-zeh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*hā-ʾēl*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the God", "*hag-gāḏôl*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the great", "*hag-gibbôr*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the mighty", "*wə-han-nôrāʾ*": "conjunction + definite article + Niphal participle masculine singular - and the awesome/feared", "*šômēr*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - keeper of", "*hab-bərîṯ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the covenant", "*wə-ha-ḥeseḏ*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the lovingkindness", "*ʾal-yimʿaṭ*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let not seem small", "*lə-pānêḵā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker - (untranslated)", "*kāl-hat-təlāʾāh*": "noun + definite article + feminine singular noun - all the hardship/trouble", "*ʾăšer-məṣāʾaṯnû*": "relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular + 1st person plural suffix - which has found us", "*li-məlāḵênû*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - to our kings", "*lə-śārênû*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - to our princes/officials", "*û-lə-kōhănênû*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - and to our priests", "*wə-li-nəḇîʾênû*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - and to our prophets", "*wə-la-ʾăḇōṯênû*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - and to our fathers", "*û-lə-ḵāl-ʿammeḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + noun + masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and to all your people", "*mî-mê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct noun - from days of", "*malḵê*": "masculine plural construct noun - kings of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until", "*hay-yôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day", "*haz-zeh*": "definite article + masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "our God/our deity", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*gāḏôl*": "great/large/mighty", "*gibbôr*": "mighty/strong/powerful", "*nôrāʾ*": "awesome/fearful/terrible", "*šômēr*": "keeper/guardian/one who keeps", "*bərîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/pact", "*ḥeseḏ*": "lovingkindness/steadfast love/mercy", "*yimʿaṭ*": "seem small/be insignificant/be regarded lightly", "*təlāʾāh*": "hardship/travail/trouble", "*məṣāʾaṯnû*": "found us/befallen us/happened to us", "*məlāḵênû*": "our kings/our monarchs/our rulers", "*śārênû*": "our princes/our officials/our leaders", "*kōhănênû*": "our priests/our ministers", "*nəḇîʾênû*": "our prophets/our seers", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "our fathers/our ancestors/our forefathers", "*ʿammeḵā*": "your people/your nation", "*malḵê*": "kings of/rulers of", "*ʾaššûr*": "Assyria/Asshur", "*yôm*": "day/time/period" } }
• Jer 2:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.13", "source": "כִּֽי־שְׁתַּ֥יִם רָע֖וֹת עָשָׂ֣ה עַמִּ֑י אֹתִ֨י עָזְב֜וּ מְק֣וֹר ׀ מַ֣יִם חַיִּ֗ים לַחְצֹ֤ב לָהֶם֙ בֹּאר֔וֹת בֹּארֹת֙ נִשְׁבָּרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יָכִ֖לוּ הַמָּֽיִם׃", "text": "*Kî*-*štayim* *rāʿôt* *ʿāśāh* *ʿammî* *ʾōtî* *ʿāzəbû* *məqôr* *mayim* *ḥayyîm* *laḥṣōb* *lāhem* *bōʾrôt* *bōʾrōt* *nišbārîm* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*yākîlû* *ha-māyim*", "grammar": { "*Kî*-*štayim*": "conjunction + cardinal number, feminine dual - for two", "*rāʿôt*": "noun, feminine plural - evils", "*ʿāśāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he did/made", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - my people", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker + 1st singular suffix - me", "*ʿāzəbû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they forsook", "*məqôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fountain of", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*ḥayyîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - living", "*laḥṣōb*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to hew out", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - for themselves", "*bōʾrôt*": "noun, feminine plural - cisterns", "*bōʾrōt*": "noun, feminine plural - cisterns", "*nišbārîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - broken", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*lōʾ*-*yākîlû*": "negative particle + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - cannot contain", "*ha-māyim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the water" }, "variants": { "*rāʿôt*": "evils/bad things/calamities", "*ʿāśāh*": "did/made/performed/accomplished", "*ʿāzəbû*": "forsook/abandoned/left", "*məqôr*": "fountain/spring/source", "*ḥayyîm*": "living/alive/fresh", "*laḥṣōb*": "to hew out/to dig/to cut", "*bōʾrôt*": "cisterns/wells/pits", "*nišbārîm*": "broken/cracked/shattered", "*yākîlû*": "contain/hold/retain" } }
• Jer 2:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.17", "source": "הֲלוֹא־זֹ֖את תַּעֲשֶׂה־לָּ֑ךְ עָזְבֵךְ֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהַ֔יִךְ בְּעֵ֖ת מוֹלִיכֵ֥ךְ בַּדָּֽרֶךְ׃", "text": "*Hălôʾ*-*zōʾt* *taʿăśeh*-*lāk* *ʿāzəbēk* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhayik* *bə-ʿēt* *môlîkēk* *ba-dārek*", "grammar": { "*Hălôʾ*-*zōʾt*": "interrogative particle + negative particle + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - is not this", "*taʿăśeh*-*lāk*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - it does to you", "*ʿāzəbēk*": "qal infinitive construct + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your forsaking", "*ʾet*-*YHWH*": "direct object marker + divine name - YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhayik*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your God", "*bə-ʿēt*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in time of", "*môlîkēk*": "hiphil infinitive construct + 2nd feminine singular suffix - his leading you", "*ba-dārek*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the way" }, "variants": { "*taʿăśeh*": "it does/it brings/it causes", "*ʿāzəbēk*": "your forsaking/your abandoning/your leaving", "*ʾĕlōhayik*": "your God", "*ʿēt*": "time/period/season", "*môlîkēk*": "his leading you/his guiding you/his bringing you", "*dārek*": "way/path/road/journey" } }