Deuteronomy 31:16

Geneva Bible (1560)

And the Lorde said vnto Moses, Behold, thou shalt sleepe with thy fathers, and this people will rise vp, and goe a whoring after the gods of a strange land (whither they goe to dwell therein) and will forsake me, and breake my couenant which I haue made with them.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה הִנְּךָ֥ שֹׁכֵ֖ב עִם־אֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ וְקָם֩ הָעָ֨ם הַזֶּ֜ה וְזָנָ֣ה ׀ אַחֲרֵ֣י ׀ אֱלֹהֵ֣י נֵֽכַר־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר ה֤וּא בָא־שָׁ֙מָּה֙ בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ וַעֲזָבַ֕נִי וְהֵפֵר֙ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּרַ֖תִּי אִתּֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

wa-yōʾmer YHWH ʾel-mōšeh hinnəkā šōkēb ʿim-ʾăbōteykā wə-qām hā-ʿām ha-zeh wə-zānāh ʾaḥărê ʾĕlōhê nēkar-hā-ʾāreṣ ʾăšer hûʾ bāʾ-šāmmāh bə-qirbô wa-ʿăzābanî wə-hēpēr ʾet-bərîtî ʾăšer kārattî ʾittô

Grammar Details

• *wa-yōʾmer*: waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and said
• *YHWH*: proper noun, divine name
• *ʾel-mōšeh*: preposition + proper noun - to Moses
• *hinnəkā*: particle + 2nd masculine singular suffix - behold you
• *šōkēb*: Qal participle, masculine singular - lying down/sleeping
• *ʿim-ʾăbōteykā*: preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with your fathers
• *wə-qām*: waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will rise
• *hā-ʿām*: definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people
• *ha-zeh*: definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this
• *wə-zānāh*: waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will prostitute itself
• *ʾaḥărê*: preposition - after
• *ʾĕlōhê*: noun, masculine plural construct - gods of
• *nēkar-hā-ʾāreṣ*: noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, feminine singular - foreign [gods] of the land
• *ʾăšer*: relative pronoun - which
• *hûʾ*: 3rd masculine singular pronoun - he
• *bāʾ-šāmmāh*: Qal participle, masculine singular + directional particle - entering there
• *bə-qirbô*: preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in its midst
• *wa-ʿăzābanî*: waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - and will forsake me
• *wə-hēpēr*: waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will break
• *ʾet-bərîtî*: direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my covenant
• *kārattî*: Qal perfect, 1st singular - I cut/made
• *ʾittô*: preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him

Word Meanings

• *šōkēb*: lying down/sleeping/about to die
• *ʿim-ʾăbōteykā*: with your fathers/ancestors/joining your ancestors in death
• *wə-qām*: will rise/arise/stand up
• *wə-zānāh*: prostitute itself/be unfaithful/commit idolatry
• *ʾĕlōhê nēkar*: foreign gods/strange deities/alien gods
• *wa-ʿăzābanî*: forsake me/abandon me/leave me
• *wə-hēpēr*: break/violate/nullify
• *bərît*: covenant/agreement/pact
• *kārattî*: cut/made/established

Referenced Verses

• Judg 2:12 : 12 And forsooke ye Lord God of their fathers, which brought them out of the lande of Egypt, & followed other gods, euen the gods of the people that were round about them, & bowed vnto them, and prouoked the Lord to anger.
• Judg 10:6 : 6 And the children of Israel wrought wickednesse againe in the sight of the Lord, and serued Baalim and Ashtaroth, and the gods of Aram, and the gods of Zidon, and the gods of Moab, and the gods of the children of Ammon, and the gods of the Philistims, and forsooke the Lord and serued not him.
• Judg 10:13 : 13 Yet ye haue forsaken me, and serued other gods: wherefore I will deliuer you no more.
• Ezek 16:15 : 15 Nowe thou didest trust in thine owne beautie, and playedst the harlot, because of thy renowme, and hast powred out thy fornications on euery one that passed by, thy desire was to him.
• Exod 34:15 : 15 Lest thou make a compact with the inhabitantes of the lande, and when they goe a whoring after their gods, and doe sacrifice vnto their gods, some man call thee, & thou eate of his sacrifice:
• Hos 2:2-5 : 2 Plead with your mother: plead with her: for she is not my wife, neither am I her husband: but let her take away her fornications out of her sight, & her adulteries from betweene her breasts. 3 Lest I strippe her naked, and set her as in the day that shee was borne, and make her as a wildernes, and leaue her like a drie land, and slaie her for thirst. 4 And I wil haue no pitie vpon her children: for they be the children of fornications. 5 For their mother hath plaied the harlot: she that conceiued them, hath done shamefully: for shee said, I will goe after my louers that giue me my bread and my water, my wooll and my flaxe, mine oyle and my drinke.
• Acts 13:36 : 36 Howbeit, Dauid after hee had serued his time by the counsell of God, hee slept, and was laid with his fathers, and sawe corruption.
• Deut 32:15 : 15 But he that should haue bene vpright, when he waxed fat, spurned with his heele: thou art fat, thou art grosse, thou art laden with fatnes: therefore he forsooke God that made him, and regarded not the strong God of his saluation.
• Rev 19:2 : 2 For true and righteous are his iudgements: for he hath condemned that great whore, which did corrupt the earth with her fornication, and hath auenged the blood of his seruants shed by her hand.
• Rev 17:2-5 : 2 With whom haue committed fornication the Kings of the earth, and the inhabitants of the earth are drunken with the wine of her fornication. 3 So he caried me away into the wildernesse in the Spirit, and I sawe a woman sit vpon a skarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemie, which had seuen heads, and tenne hornes. 4 And the woman was arayed in purple & skarlet, and gilded with golde, and precious stones, and pearles, and had a cup of gold in her hand, full of abominations, and filthines of her fornication. 5 And in her forehead was a name written, A mysterie, that great Babylon, that mother of whoredomes, and abominations of the earth.
• Lev 20:3-6 : 3 And I will set my face against that man and cut him off from among his people, because he hath giuen his children vnto Molech, for to defile my Sanctuarie, and to pollute mine holye Name. 4 And if the people of the lande hide their eyes, and winke at that man when he giueth his children vnto Molech, and kill him not, 5 Then will I set my face against that man, and against his familie, and will cut him off, and all that go a whoring after him to comit whoredome with Molech, from among their people. 6 If any turne after such as worke with spirits, and after soothsayers, to go a whoring after them, then will I set my face against that person, and will cut him off from among his people.
• Lev 26:15 : 15 And if ye shall despise mine ordinances, either if your soule abhorre my lawes, so that yee will not do all my commandements, but breake my couenant,
• Gen 25:8 : 8 Then Abraham yeelded the spirit, and died in a good age, an olde man, and of great yeeres, & was gathered to his people.
• Exod 32:6 : 6 So they rose vp the next day in the morning, and offred burnt offerings, & brought peace offrings: also the people sate them downe to eate and drinke, and rose vp to play.
• Ezek 16:25-36 : 25 Thou hast built thine hie place at euery corner of the way, and hast made thy beautie to be abhorred: thou hast opened thy feete to euery one that passed by, & multiplied thy whoredome. 26 Thou hast also committed fornication with the Egyptians thy neighbours, which haue great members, and hast encreased thy whoredome, to prouoke me. 27 Beholde, therefore I did stretche out mine hand ouer thee, and will diminish thine ordinarie, and deliuer thee vnto the will of them that hate thee, euen to the daughters of the Philistims, which are ashamed of thy wicked way. 28 Thou hast played the whore also with the Assyrians, because thou wast insaciable: yea, thou hast played the harlot with them, and yet couldest not be satisfied. 29 Thou hast moreouer multiplied thy fornication from the land of Canaan vnto Caldea, and yet thou wast not satisfied herewith. 30 Howe weake is thine heart, saith the Lorde God, seeing thou doest all these thinges, euen the worke of a presumptuous whorish woman? 31 In that thou buildest thine hie place in the corner of euery way, and makest thine hie place in euery streete, and hast not bene as an harlot that despiseth a reward, 32 But as a wife that playeth the harlot, and taketh others for her husband: 33 They giue giftes to all other whores, but thou giuest giftes vnto all thy louers, and rewardest them, that they may come vnto thee on euery side for thy fornication. 34 And the contrary is in thee from other women in thy fornications, neither the like fornication shall be after thee: for in that thou giuest a rewarde, and no reward is giuen vnto thee, therefore thou art contrary. 35 Wherefore, O harlot, heare the worde of the Lord. 36 Thus sayeth the Lorde God, Because thy shame was powred out, and thy filthinesse discouered through thy fornications with thy louers, and with all the idoles of thine abominations, and by the blood of thy children, which thou didest offer vnto them,
• Ezek 23:5-9 : 5 And Aholah played the harlot when she was mine, and she was set on fire with her louers, to wit, with the Assyrians her neighbours, 6 Which were clothed with blewe silke, both captaines and princes: they were all pleasant yong men, and horsemen riding vpon horses. 7 Thus she committed her whoredome with them, euen with all them that were the chosen men of Asshur, and with all on whome she doted, and defiled her selfe with all their idoles. 8 Neither left she her fornications, learned of the Egyptians: for in her youth they lay with her, and they bruised the breasts of her virginitie, and powred their whoredome vpon her. 9 Wherefore I deliuered her into the hands of her louers, euen into the hands of the Assyrians, vpon whome she doted. 10 These discouered her shame: they tooke away her sonnes and her daughters, and slewe her with the sworde, and she had an euill name among women: for they had executed iudgement vpon her. 11 And when her sister Aholibah sawe this, she marred her selfe with inordinate loue, more then she, and with her fornications more then her sister with her fornications. 12 She doted vpon the Assyrians her neighbours, both captaines and princes clothed with diuers sutes, horsemen ryding vpon horses: they were all pleasant yong men. 13 Then I sawe that she was defiled, and that they were both after one sort, 14 And that she encreased her fornications: for when she sawe men painted vpon the wall, the images of the Caldeans painted with vermelon, 15 And girded with girdles vpon their loynes, and with dyed attyre vpon their heads (looking all like princes after the maner of the Babylonians in Caldea, the land of their natiuitie) 16 Assoone, I say, as she sawe them, she doted vpon them, and sent messengers vnto them into Caldea. 17 Nowe when the Babylonians came to her into the bed of loue, they defiled her with their fornication, and she was polluted with them, and her lust departed from them. 18 So she discouered her fornication, and disclosed her shame: then mine heart forsooke her, like as mine heart had forsaken her sister. 19 Yet she encreased her whoredome more, and called to remembrance ye dayes of her youth, wherein she had played the harlot in the land of Egypt. 20 For she doted vpon their seruants whose members are as the members of asses, and whose yssue is like the yssue of horses. 21 Thou calledst to remembrance the wickednes of thy youth, when thy teates were bruised by ye Egyptians: therefore ye paps of thy youth are thus.
• Judg 2:17-20 : 17 But yet they would not obey their Iudges: for they went a whoring after other gods, & worshipped them, & turned quickly out of the way, wherein their fathers walked, obeying the commandements of the Lord: they did not so. 18 And when the Lorde had raysed them vp Iudges, the Lord was with the Iudge, & deliuered them out of the hande of their enemies all the dayes of the Iudge (for the Lord had compassio on their gronings, because of them that oppressed them and tormented them) 19 Yet when the Iudge was dead, they returned, and did worse then their fathers, in following other gods to serue them and worshippe them: they ceased not from their owne inuentions, nor from their rebellious way. 20 Wherfore the wrath of the Lord was kindled against Israel, and he sayd, Because this people hath transgressed my couenant, which I commaded their fathers, & hath not obeyed my voyce,
• 2 Sam 7:12 : 12 And when thy daies bee fulfilled, thou shalt sleepe with thy fathers, and I wil set vp thy seede after thee, which shall proceede out of thy body, and will stablish his kingdome.
• Job 20:11 : 11 His bones are full of the sinne of his youth, and it shal lie downe with him in the dust.
• Ps 73:27 : 27 For loe, they that withdrawe themselues from thee, shall perish: thou destroyest all them that goe a whoring from thee.
• Ps 106:39 : 39 Thus were they steined with their owne woorkes, and went a whoring with their owne inuentions.
• Isa 57:2-8 : 2 Peace shall come: they shall rest in their beds, euery one that walketh before him. 3 But you witches children, come hither, the seede of the adulterer and of the whore. 4 On whome haue ye iested? vpon whome haue ye gaped and thrust out your tongue? are not ye rebellious children, and a false seede? 5 Inflamed with idoles vnder euery greene tree? and sacrificing the children in the valleys vnder the tops of the rocks? 6 Thy portion is in the smooth stones of the riuer: they, they are thy lot: euen to them hast thou powred a drinke offering: thou hast offered a sacrifice. Should I delite in these? 7 Thou hast made thy bed vpon a very hie mountaine: thou wentest vp thither, euen thither wentest thou to offer sacrifice. 8 Behinde the doores also and postes hast thou set vp thy remembrance: for thou hast discouered thy selfe to another then me, and wentest vp, and diddest enlarge thy bed, and make a couenant betweene thee & them, and louedst their bed in euery place where thou sawest it.
• Jer 2:11-13 : 11 Hath any nation changed their gods, which yet are no gods? But my people haue chaged their glorie, for that which doeth not profite. 12 O yee heauens, be astonied at this: bee afraid and vtterly confounded, sayeth the Lord. 13 For my people haue committed two euils: they haue forsaken mee the fountaine of liuing waters, to digge them pittes, euen broken pittes, that can holde no water.
• Jer 3:1-3 : 1 They say, If a man put away his wife, and she goe from him, and become another mans, shall hee returne againe vnto her? Shall not this land be polluted? But thou hast played the harlot with many louers: yet turne againe to mee, sayeth the Lord. 2 Lift vp thine eyes vnto the hie places, and beholde, where thou hast not plaied the harlot: thou hast sit waiting for them in the waies, as the Arabian in the wildernesse: and thou hast polluted the lande with thy whoredomes, and with thy malice. 3 Therefore the showres haue beene restrained, and the latter raine came not, and thou haddest a whores forehead: thou wouldest not bee ashamed.
• Jer 31:32 : 32 Not according to ye couenant that I made with their fathers, when I tooke them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, the which my couenant they brake, although I was an husband vnto them, saith the Lord.