Ephesians 4:31

Geneva Bible (1560)

Let all bitternesse, and anger, and wrath, crying, and euill speaking be put away from you, with all maliciousnesse.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Πᾶσα πικρία, καὶ θυμὸς, καὶ ὀργὴ, καὶ κραυγὴ, καὶ βλασφημία, ἀρθήτω ἀφʼ ὑμῶν, σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ:

Transliteration

All pikria, and thymos, and orgē, and kraugē, and blasphēmia, let be arthētō from you, with all kakia:

Grammar Details

• *pikria*: nominative feminine singular - bitterness
• *thymos*: nominative masculine singular - wrath/rage
• *orgē*: nominative feminine singular - anger
• *kraugē*: nominative feminine singular - clamor/outcry
• *blasphēmia*: nominative feminine singular - slander/evil speaking
• *arthētō*: aorist passive imperative, 3rd singular - let be taken away
• *kakia*: dative feminine singular - with malice/evil

Word Meanings

• *pikria*: bitterness/harshness
• *thymos*: wrath/rage/passionate anger
• *orgē*: anger/indignation
• *kraugē*: clamor/outcry/shouting
• *blasphēmia*: slander/evil speaking/abusive speech
• *arthētō*: be taken away/removed
• *kakia*: malice/evil/wickedness

Referenced Verses

• Col 3:8 : 8 But now put ye away euen all these things, wrath, anger, maliciousnes, cursed speaking, filthie speaking, out of your mouth.
• Eccl 7:9 : 9 (7:11) Be not thou of an hastie spirit to be angry: for anger resteth in the bosome of fooles.
• 1 Pet 2:1 : 1 Wherefore, laying aside all maliciousnes, and all guile, and dissimulation, and enuie, and all euill speaking,
• Eph 4:26 : 26 Bee angrie, but sinne not: let not the sunne goe downe vpon your wrath,
• Titus 3:2-3 : 2 That they speake euill of no man, that they be no fighters, but soft, shewing all meekenesse vnto all men. 3 For wee our selues also were in times past vnwise, disobedient, deceiued, seruing the lustes and diuers pleasures, liuing in maliciousnes and enuie, hatefull, and hating one another:
• Jas 1:19 : 19 Wherefore my deare brethren, let euery man be swift to heare, slowe to speake, and slowe to wrath.
• Col 3:19 : 19 Husbands, loue your wiues, and be not bitter vnto them.
• Prov 26:20 : 20 Without wood the fire is quenched, and without a talebearer strife ceaseth.
• Jas 3:14-4:2 : 14 But if ye haue bitter enuying and strife in your hearts, reioyce not, neither be liars against the trueth. 15 This wisedome descendeth not from aboue, but is earthly, sensuall, and deuilish. 16 For where enuying and strife is, there is sedition, and all maner of euill workes. 17 But the wisedome that is from aboue, is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, easie to be intreated, full of mercie & good fruites, without iudging, and without hipocrisie. 18 And the fruite of righteousnesse is sowen in peace, of them that make peace. 1 From whence are warres and contentions among you? are they not hence, euen of your pleasures, that fight in your members? 2 Ye lust, and haue not: ye enuie, and desire immoderately, and cannot obtaine: ye fight and warre, and get nothing, because ye aske not.
• Jas 4:11 : 11 Speake not euill one of another, brethren. He that speaketh euill of his brother, or he that condemneth his brother, speaketh euill of ye Law, and condemneth the Lawe: and if thou condemnest the Lawe, thou art not an obseruer of the Lawe, but a iudge.
• 1 Cor 14:20 : 20 Brethren, be not children in vnderstanding, but as concerning maliciousnes be children, but in vnderstanding be of a ripe age.
• 2 Cor 12:20 : 20 For I feare least when I come, I shall not finde you such as I would: and that I shalbe found vnto you such as ye woulde not, and least there be strife, enuying, wrath, contentions, backebitings, whisperings, swellings and discord.
• Gal 5:20 : 20 Idolatrie, witchcraft, hatred, debate, emulations, wrath, contentions, seditions, heresies,
• 1 Tim 6:4-5 : 4 He is puft vp & knoweth nothing, but doteth about questions & strife of words, whereof commeth enuie, strife, railings, euill surmisings, 5 Frowarde disputations of men of corrupt mindes & destitute of ye trueth, which thinke that gaine is godlines: from such separate thy selfe.
• Prov 26:24-25 : 24 He that hateth, will counterfaite with his lips, but in his heart he layeth vp deceite. 25 Though he speake fauourably, beleeue him not: for there are seuen abominations in his heart.
• Prov 29:9 : 9 If a wise man contend with a foolish man, whether he be angry or laugh, there is no rest.
• Prov 29:22 : 22 An angrie man stirreth vp strife, and a furious man aboundeth in transgression.
• 1 Tim 3:3 : 3 Not giuen to wine, no striker, not giuen to filthy lucre, but gentle, no fighter, not couetous,
• 1 Tim 3:11 : 11 Likewise their wiues must be honest, not euill speakers, but sober, and faithfull in all things.
• Jer 6:28 : 28 They are all rebellious traitours, walking craftily: they are brasse, and yron, they all are destroyers.
• Jer 9:4 : 4 Let euery one take heede of his neighbour, and trust you not in any brother: for euery brother will vse deceite, and euery friend will deale deceitfully,
• Acts 19:28-29 : 28 Now when they heard it, they were full of wrath, and cried out, saying, Great is Diana of the Ephesians. 29 And the whole citie was full of confusion, and they rushed into the common place with one assent, and caught Gaius, and Aristarchus, men of Macedonia, and Pauls companions of his iourney.
• Acts 21:30 : 30 Then all the citie was moued, and the people ran together: and they tooke Paul and drewe him out of the Temple, and forth with the doores were shut.
• Acts 22:22-23 : 22 And they heard him vnto this worde, but then they lift vp their voyces, and sayd, Away with such a fellow from the earth: for it is not meete that he should liue. 23 And as they cried & cast off their clothes, and threw dust into the aire,
• Rom 1:29-30 : 29 Being full of all vnrighteousnesse, fornication, wickednes, couetousnes, maliciousnes, full of enuie, of murther, of debate, of deceit, taking all things in the euill part, whisperers, 30 Backbiters, haters of God, doers of wrong, proude, boasters, inuenters of euil things, disobedient to parents,
• Rom 3:14 : 14 Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitternesse.
• 1 Cor 5:8 : 8 Therefore let vs keepe the feast, not with olde leauen, neither in the leauen of maliciousnes and wickednesse: but with the vnleauened bread of synceritie and trueth.
• Gen 4:8 : 8 Then Kain spake to Habel his brother; when they were in the fielde, Kain rose vp against Habel his brother, and slewe him.
• Gen 27:41 : 41 Therefore Esau hated Iaakob, because of the blessing, wherewith his father blessed him; Esau thought in his minde, The dayes of mourning for my father will come shortly, then I will slay may brother Iaakob.
• Gen 37:4 : 4 So when his brethren sawe that their father loued him more then all his brethren, then they hated him, and could not speake peaceably vnto him.
• Gen 37:21 : 21 But when Reuben heard that, he deliuered him out of their handes, and saide, Let vs not kill him.
• Lev 19:16-18 : 16 Thou shalt not walke about with tales among thy people. Thou shalt not stand against the blood of thy neighbour: I am the Lord. 17 Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thine heart, but thou shalt plainely rebuke thy neighbour, and suffer him not to sinne. 18 Thou shalt not auenge, nor be mindful of wrong against ye childre of thy people, but shalt loue thy neighbour as thy selfe: I am the Lord.
• 2 Sam 13:22 : 22 And Absalom sayde vnto his brother Amnon neither good nor bad: for Absalom hated Amnon, because he had forced his sister Tamar.
• 2 Sam 19:27 : 27 And he hath accused thy seruant vnto my lorde the king: but my lorde the king is as an Angel of God: doe therefore thy pleasure.
• 2 Sam 19:43-20:2 : 43 And the men of Israel answered the men of Iudah, and saide, Wee haue ten partes in the King, and haue also more right to Dauid then ye: Why then did ye despise vs, that our aduise should not bee first had in restoring our King? And the wordes of the men of Iudah were fiercer then the wordes of the men of Israel. 1 Then there was come thither a wicked man (named Sheba the sonne of Bichri, a man of Iemini) and hee blew the trumpet, and saide, Wee haue no part in Dauid, neither haue we inheritance in the sonne of Ishai: euery man to his tents, O Israel. 2 So euery man of Israel went from Dauid & followed Sheba the sonne of Bichri: but the men of Iudah claue fast vnto their King, from Iorden euen to Ierusalem.
• Ps 15:3 : 3 He that slandereth not with his tongue, nor doeth euill to his neighbour, nor receiueth a false report against his neighbour.
• Ps 50:20 : 20 Thou sittest, and speakest against thy brother, and slanderest thy mothers sonne.
• Ps 64:3 : 3 Which haue whette their tongue like a sword, and shot for their arrowes bitter wordes.
• Ps 101:5 : 5 Him that priuily slandereth his neighbour, wil I destroy: him that hath a proude looke and hie heart, I cannot suffer.
• Ps 140:11 : 11 For the backbiter shall not be established vpon the earth: euill shall hunt the cruell man to destruction.
• Prov 6:19 : 19 A false witnesse that speaketh lyes, and him that rayseth vp contentions among brethren.
• Prov 10:12 : 12 Hatred stirreth vp contentions: but loue couereth all trespasses.
• Prov 10:18 : 18 He that dissembleth hatred with lying lips, and he that inuenteth slaunder, is a foole.
• Prov 14:17 : 17 He that is hastie to anger, committeth follie, and a busie body is hated.
• Prov 18:8 : 8 The wordes of a tale bearer are as flatterings, and they goe downe into the bowels of the belly.
• Prov 19:12 : 12 The Kings wrath is like the roaring of a lyon: but his fauour is like the dewe vpon ye grasse.
• Prov 25:23 : 23 As the Northwinde driueth away the raine, so doeth an angry countenance the slandering tongue.
• 1 Tim 5:13 : 13 And likewise also being idle they learne to goe about from house to house: yea, they are not onely ydle, but also pratlers and busibodies, speaking things which are not comely.
• 2 Tim 2:23 : 23 And put away foolish and vnlearned questions, knowing that they ingender strife.
• 2 Tim 3:3 : 3 Without naturall affection, truce breakers, false accusers, intemperate, fierce, no louers at all of them which are good,
• Titus 1:7 : 7 For a Bishop must bee vnreproueable, as Gods steward, not froward, not angrie, not giuen to wine, no striker, not giuen to filthie lucre,
• Titus 2:3 : 3 The elder women likewise, that they be in such behauiour as becommeth holinesse, not false accusers, not subiect to much wine, but teachers of honest things,
• 2 Pet 2:10-11 : 10 And chiefly them that walke after the flesh, in the lust of vncleannesse, and despise gouernement, which are bolde, and stand in their owne conceite, and feare not to speake euill of them that are in dignitie. 11 Where as the Angels which are greater both in power and might, giue not railing iudgement against them before the Lord.
• 1 John 3:12 : 12 Not as Cain which was of that wicked one, and slewe his brother: and wherefore slewe he him? because his owne workes were euill, and his brothers good.
• 1 John 3:15 : 15 Whosoeuer hateth his brother, is a manslayer: and ye know that no manslayer hath eternall life abiding in him.
• Jude 1:8-9 : 8 Likewise notwithstanding these sleepers also defile the flesh, and despise gouernment, and speake euill of them that are in authoritie. 9 Yet Michael the Archangell, when hee stroue against the deuill, and disputed about the body of Moses, durst not blame him with cursed speaking, but sayd, The Lord rebuke thee. 10 But these speake euill of those thinges, which they know not: & whatsoeuer things they know naturally, as beasts, which are without reason, in those things they corrupt them selues.
• Rev 12:10 : 10 Then I heard a loude voyce in heauen, saying, Now is saluation, and strength, and the kingdome of our God, and the power of his Christ: for the accuser of our brethren is cast downe, which accused them before our God day and night.