Proverbs 31:9

King James Version with Strong's Numbers

Open thy mouth, judge righteously, and plead the cause of the poor and needy.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

פְּתַח־פִּ֥יךָ שְׁפָט־צֶ֑דֶק וְ֝דִ֗ין עָנִ֥י וְאֶבְיֽוֹן

Transliteration

pĕtaḥ-pîkā šĕpāṭ-ṣedeq wĕdîn ʿānî wĕʾebyôn

Grammar Details

• *pĕtaḥ*: verb, Qal imperative masculine singular - open
• *pîkā*: noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your mouth
• *šĕpāṭ*: verb, Qal imperative masculine singular - judge
• *ṣedeq*: noun, masculine singular - righteousness
• *wĕdîn*: conjunction *wə* + verb, Qal imperative masculine singular - and judge/defend
• *ʿānî*: adjective masculine singular - poor/afflicted
• *wĕʾebyôn*: conjunction *wə* + adjective masculine singular - and needy

Word Meanings

• *pĕtaḥ*: open/speak up
• *šĕpāṭ*: judge/govern/vindicate
• *ṣedeq*: righteousness/justice/rightness
• *dîn*: judge/defend the rights of/plead the cause of
• *ʿānî*: poor/afflicted/humble/oppressed
• *ʾebyôn*: needy/poor/destitute

Referenced Verses

• Isa 1:17 : 17 Learn to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow.
• Lev 19:15 : 15 Ye shall do no unrighteousness in judgment: thou shalt not respect the person of the poor, nor honour the person of the mighty: but in righteousness shalt thou judge thy neighbour.
• Deut 1:16 : 16 And I charged your judges at that time, saying, Hear the causes between your brethren, and judge righteously between every man and his brother, and the stranger that is with him.
• Job 29:15-16 : 15 I was eyes to the blind, and feet was I to the lame. 16 I was a father to the poor: and the cause which I knew not I searched out.
• Jer 22:15-16 : 15 Shalt thou reign, because thou closest thyself in cedar? did not thy father eat and drink, and do judgment and justice, and then it was well with him? 16 He judged the cause of the poor and needy; then it was well with him: was not this to know me? saith the LORD.
• Jer 23:5 : 5 Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will raise unto David a righteous Branch, and a King shall reign and prosper, and shall execute judgment and justice in the earth.
• Dan 4:27 : 27 Wherefore, O king, let my counsel be acceptable unto thee, and break off thy sins by righteousness, and thine iniquities by shewing mercy to the poor; if it may be a lengthening of thy tranquillity.
• Amos 5:11-12 : 11 Forasmuch therefore as your treading is upon the poor, and ye take from him burdens of wheat: ye have built houses of hewn stone, but ye shall not dwell in them; ye have planted pleasant vineyards, but ye shall not drink wine of them. 12 For I know your manifold transgressions and your mighty sins: they afflict the just, they take a bribe, and they turn aside the poor in the gate from their right.
• Zech 7:9 : 9 Thus speaketh the LORD of hosts, saying, Execute true judgment, and shew mercy and compassions every man to his brother:
• Zech 9:9 : 9 Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion; shout, O daughter of Jerusalem: behold, thy King cometh unto thee: he is just, and having salvation; lowly, and riding upon an ass, and upon a colt the foal of an ass.
• John 7:24 : 24 Judge not according to the appearance, but judge righteous judgment.
• Heb 1:9 : 9 Thou hast loved righteousness, and hated iniquity; therefore God, even thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.
• Rev 19:11 : 11 And I saw heaven opened, and behold a white horse; and he that sat upon him was called Faithful and True, and in righteousness he doth judge and make war.
• Ps 58:1-2 : 1 To the chief Musician{H8764)}, Altaschith{H8686)}, Michtam of David. Do ye indeed speak{H8762)} righteousness, O congregation? do ye judge{H8799)} uprightly, O ye sons of men? 2 Yea, in heart ye work{H8799)} wickedness; ye weigh{H8762)} the violence of your hands in the earth.
• Ps 72:1-2 : 1 A Psalm for Solomon. Give{H8798)} the king thy judgments, O God, and thy righteousness unto the king's son. 2 He shall judge{H8799)} thy people with righteousness, and thy poor with judgment.
• Prov 16:12 : 12 It is an abomination to kings to commit wickedness: for the throne is established by righteousness.
• Prov 20:8 : 8 A king that sitteth in the throne of judgment scattereth away all evil with his eyes.
• Deut 16:18-20 : 18 Judges and officers shalt thou make thee in all thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee, throughout thy tribes: and they shall judge the people with just judgment. 19 Thou shalt not wrest judgment; thou shalt not respect persons, neither take a gift: for a gift doth blind the eyes of the wise, and pervert the words of the righteous. 20 That which is altogether just shalt thou follow, that thou mayest live, and inherit the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.
• 2 Sam 8:15 : 15 And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed judgment and justice unto all his people.
• Job 29:12 : 12 Because I delivered the poor that cried, and the fatherless, and him that had none to help him.
• Isa 1:23 : 23 Thy princes are rebellious, and companions of thieves: every one loveth gifts, and followeth after rewards: they judge not the fatherless, neither doth the cause of the widow come unto them.
• Isa 11:4 : 4 But with righteousness shall he judge the poor, and reprove with equity for the meek of the earth: and he shall smite the earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked.
• Isa 32:1-2 : 1 Behold, a king shall reign in righteousness, and princes shall rule in judgment. 2 And a man shall be as an hiding place from the wind, and a covert from the tempest; as rivers of water in a dry place, as the shadow of a great rock in a weary land.
• Jer 5:28 : 28 They are waxen fat, they shine: yea, they overpass the deeds of the wicked: they judge not the cause, the cause of the fatherless, yet they prosper; and the right of the needy do they not judge.
• Jer 22:3 : 3 Thus saith the LORD; Execute ye judgment and righteousness, and deliver the spoiled out of the hand of the oppressor: and do no wrong, do no violence to the stranger, the fatherless, nor the widow, neither shed innocent blood in this place.