1 Samuel 20:30

KJV1611 – Modern English

Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said to him, You son of a perverse rebellious woman, do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own confusion, and to the confusion of your mother's nakedness?

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֤ף שָׁאוּל֙ בִּיה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֔וֹ בֶּֽן־נַעֲוַ֖ת הַמַּרְדּ֑וּת הֲל֣וֹא יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּֽי־בֹחֵ֤ר אַתָּה֙ לְבֶן־יִשַׁ֔י לְבָ֨שְׁתְּךָ֔ וּלְבֹ֖שֶׁת עֶרְוַ֥ת אִמֶּֽךָ׃

Transliteration

And wayyiḥar-ʾap̄ Šāʾûl in Yəhônātān, and wayyōʾmer to him, son of naʿăwat the hammardût; have not yādaʿtî that bōḥēr you to ben-Yišay, to your bāštəkā and to bōšet ʿerwat ʾimmekā?

Grammar Details

• *wayyiḥar*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and it burned/kindled
• *ʾap̄*: noun, masculine singular construct - anger/nose of
• *Šāʾûl*: proper noun - Saul
• *Yəhônātān*: proper noun with preposition - in/against Jonathan
• *wayyōʾmer*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said
• *naʿăwat*: noun, feminine singular construct - perversity/rebellion of
• *hammardût*: definite article + noun, feminine singular - the rebellion/disobedience
• *yādaʿtî*: qal perfect 1cs - I know/knew
• *bōḥēr*: qal participle masculine singular - choosing/siding with
• *ben*: noun, masculine singular construct - son of
• *Yišay*: proper noun - Jesse
• *bāštəkā*: noun + 2ms suffix - your shame
• *bōšet*: noun, feminine singular construct - shame of
• *ʿerwat*: noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of
• *ʾimmekā*: noun + 2ms suffix - your mother

Word Meanings

• *wayyiḥar-ʾap̄*: his anger was kindled/burned hot/became enraged
• *naʿăwat hammardût*: perverse rebelliousness/rebellious perversity/wayward rebellion
• *bōḥēr*: choosing/siding with/preferring
• *bāštəkā*: your shame/disgrace/dishonor
• *ʿerwat ʾimmekā*: your mother's nakedness/genitals/shame (idiom for maternal dishonor)

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Saul’s anger flared up at Jonathan, and he said to him, 'You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Don’t I know that you have sided with the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness?'

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of a perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own shame, and unto the shame of thy mother's nakedness?

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Then was the kynge wroth at Ionathas, and sayde vnto him: Thou wicked and vnthrifte, I knowe how that thou hast chosen the sonne of Isai, to the shame of thy selfe and of yi shamefull mother.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then was Saul angrie with Ionathan, and sayde vnto him, Thou sonne of the wicked rebellious woman, doe not I know, that thou hast chosen the sonne of Ishai to thy confusion, and to the confusion and shame of thy mother?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Then was Saul angry with Ionathan, and sayd vnto him: Thou sonne of the wicked rebellious woman, do not I knowe that thou hast chosen the sonne of Isai vnto thyne owne rebuke, and vnto the rebuke and shame of thy mother?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious [woman], do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said to him, You son of a perverse rebellious woman, don't I know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother's nakedness?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And the anger of Saul burneth against Jonathan, and he saith to him, `Son of a perverse rebellious woman! have I not known that thou art fixing on the son of Jesse to thy shame, and to the shame of the nakedness of thy mother?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of a perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own shame, and unto the shame of thy mother's nakedness?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of a perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own shame, and unto the shame of thy mother's nakedness?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then Saul was moved to wrath against Jonathan, and he said to him, You son of an evil and uncontrolled woman, have I not seen how you have given your love to the son of Jesse, to your shame and the shame of your mother?

• World English Bible (2000)

  Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said to him, "You son of a perverse rebellious woman, don't I know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother's nakedness?

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Saul became angry with Jonathan and said to him,“You stupid traitor! Don’t I realize that to your own disgrace and to the disgrace of your mother’s nakedness you have chosen this son of Jesse?

Referenced Verses

• Prov 21:24 : 24 Proud and haughty scorner is his name, who deals in arrogant wrath.
• Jas 1:19-20 : 19 Therefore, my beloved brothers, let every man be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to anger: 20 For the anger of man does not produce the righteousness of God.
• Prov 25:28 : 28 Whoever has no rule over his own spirit is like a city broken down, without walls.
• Prov 27:3 : 3 A stone is heavy, and sand is weighty, but a fool's anger is heavier than both.
• Matt 5:22 : 22 But I say to you, that whoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whoever says to his brother, 'Raca,' shall be in danger of the council: but whoever says, 'You fool,' shall be in danger of hell fire.
• Eph 4:31 : 31 Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and evil speaking be put away from you, with all malice.
• Eph 6:4 : 4 And, you fathers, do not provoke your children to wrath, but bring them up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord.
• Job 5:2 : 2 For anger kills the foolish man, and envy slays the simple one.
• Prov 14:29 : 29 He who is slow to anger has great understanding, but he who is quick-tempered exalts folly.
• Prov 15:2 : 2 The tongue of the wise uses knowledge appropriately, but the mouth of fools pours out foolishness.
• Prov 19:12 : 12 The king's wrath is like the roaring of a lion, but his favor is like dew upon the grass.
• Prov 19:19 : 19 A man of great wrath shall suffer punishment; for if you deliver him, yet you must do it again.