1 Samuel 8:12

KJV1611 – Modern English

And he will appoint captains over thousands, and captains over fifties; and will set them to plow his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his weapons of war, and equipment for his chariots.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְלָשׂ֣וּם ל֔וֹ שָׂרֵ֥י אֲלָפִ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֣י חֲמִשִּׁ֑ים וְלַחֲרֹ֤שׁ חֲרִישׁוֹ֙ וְלִקְצֹ֣ר קְצִיר֔וֹ וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת כְּלֵֽי־מִלְחַמְתּ֖וֹ וּכְלֵ֥י רִכְבּֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

And wəlāśûm to-him śārê ʾălāp̄îm and wəśārê ḥămiššîm; and wəlaḥărōš ḥărîšô and wəliqṣōr qəṣîrô, and wəlaʿăśôṯ kəlê-milḥamtô and ḵəlê riḵbô.

Grammar Details

• *wəlāśûm*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to appoint
• *śārê*: noun, masculine plural construct - commanders of
• *ʾălāp̄îm*: noun, masculine plural - thousands
• *wəśārê*: conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and commanders of
• *ḥămiššîm*: number, masculine plural - fifties
• *wəlaḥărōš*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to plow
• *ḥărîšô*: noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his plowing
• *wəliqṣōr*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to reap
• *qəṣîrô*: noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his harvest
• *wəlaʿăśôṯ*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to make
• *kəlê*: noun, masculine plural construct - instruments of
• *milḥamtô*: noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his war
• *ḵəlê*: noun, masculine plural construct - instruments of
• *riḵbô*: noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his chariot

Word Meanings

• *wəlāśûm*: to appoint/to make/to set
• *śārê*: captains/commanders/chiefs
• *ʾălāp̄îm*: thousands/military units
• *ḥămiššîm*: fifties/fifty-man units
• *wəlaḥărōš*: to plow/to till
• *wəliqṣōr*: to reap/to harvest
• *wəlaʿăśôṯ*: to make/to manufacture
• *kəlê-milḥamtô*: his weapons of war/implements of battle
• *ḵəlê riḵbô*: equipment for his chariots

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  He will appoint them as commanders of thousands and commanders of fifties. Some will plow his fields, reap his harvest, and make his weapons of war and equipment for his chariots.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And he will appoint him captains over thousands, and captains over fifties; and will set them to ear his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and instruments of his chariots.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and he will appoint them unto him for captains of thousands, and captains of fifties; and [he will set some] to plow his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and the instruments of his chariots.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he will appoint him captains over thousands, and captains over fifties; and will set them to ear his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and instruments of his chariots.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  and to be rulers & captaynes, to be plowemen to tyll his londe and to be reapers in his haruest, and to make his harnesse, and soch thinges as belonge to his charettes.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Also he will make them his captaines ouer thousands, and captaines ouer fifties, and to eare his ground, and to reape his haruest, and to make instruments of warre, and the thinges that serue for his charets.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And will make him of the captaines ouer thousandes and ouer fifties, and will set them to eare his grounde, and to gather in his haruest, & to make instrumentes of warre, and thinges that serue for his charets.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And he will appoint him captains over thousands, and captains over fifties; and [will set them] to ear his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and instruments of his chariots.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  and he will appoint them to him for captains of thousands, and captains of fifties; and [he will set some] to plow his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and the instruments of his chariots.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  also to appoint for himself heads of thousands, and heads of fifties; also to plow his plowing, and to reap his reaping; and to make instruments of his war, and instruments of his charioteer.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and he will appoint them unto him for captains of thousands, and captains of fifties; and `he will set some' to plow his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and the instruments of his chariots.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and he will appoint them unto him for captains of thousands, and captains of fifties; and [he will set some] to plow his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and the instruments of his chariots.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And he will make them captains of thousands and of fifties; some he will put to work ploughing and cutting his grain and making his instruments of war and building his war-carriages.

• World English Bible (2000)

  and he will appoint them to him for captains of thousands, and captains of fifties; and [he will set some] to plow his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and the instruments of his chariots.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  He will appoint for himself leaders of thousands and leaders of fifties, as well as those who plow his ground, reap his harvest, and make his weapons of war and his chariot equipment.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 22:7 : 7 Then Saul said to his servants that stood about him, Hear now, you Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, and make you all captains of thousands and captains of hundreds;
• 1 Kgs 4:7 : 7 And Solomon had twelve officers over all Israel, who provided food for the king and his household; each man provided for one month in a year.
• 1 Kgs 4:22-23 : 22 And Solomon's provision for one day was thirty measures of fine flour and sixty measures of meal, 23 Ten fat oxen, twenty oxen from the pastures, and a hundred sheep, besides deer, gazelles, roebucks, and fatted fowl.
• 1 Kgs 4:27-28 : 27 And those officers provided food for King Solomon and for all who came to King Solomon's table, every man in his month: they lacked nothing. 28 Barley also and straw for the horses and camels they brought to the place where the officers were, every man according to his duty.
• 1 Chr 27:1-9 : 1 Now the children of Israel, according to their number, were the chief fathers and captains of thousands and hundreds, and their officers that served the king in every matter of the divisions, which came in and went out month by month throughout all the months of the year; each division had twenty-four thousand. 2 Over the first division for the first month was Jashobeam the son of Zabdiel; and in his division were twenty-four thousand. 3 Of the children of Perez was the chief of all the captains of the army for the first month. 4 And over the division of the second month was Dodai the Ahohite, and of his division was Mikloth also the ruler; in his division were likewise twenty-four thousand. 5 The third captain of the army for the third month was Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, a chief priest; and in his division were twenty-four thousand. 6 This is that Benaiah, who was mighty among the thirty, and above the thirty; and in his division was Ammizabad his son. 7 The fourth captain for the fourth month was Asahel the brother of Joab, and Zebadiah his son after him; and in his division were twenty-four thousand. 8 The fifth captain for the fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite; and in his division were twenty-four thousand. 9 The sixth captain for the sixth month was Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite; and in his division were twenty-four thousand. 10 The seventh captain for the seventh month was Helez the Pelonite, of the children of Ephraim; and in his division were twenty-four thousand. 11 The eighth captain for the eighth month was Sibbecai the Hushathite, of the Zarhites; and in his division were twenty-four thousand. 12 The ninth captain for the ninth month was Abiezer the Anetothite, of the Benjamites; and in his division were twenty-four thousand. 13 The tenth captain for the tenth month was Maharai the Netophathite, of the Zarhites; and in his division were twenty-four thousand. 14 The eleventh captain for the eleventh month was Benaiah the Pirathonite, of the children of Ephraim; and in his division were twenty-four thousand. 15 The twelfth captain for the twelfth month was Heldai the Netophathite, of Othniel; and in his division were twenty-four thousand. 16 Furthermore, over the tribes of Israel: the ruler of the Reubenites was Eliezer the son of Zichri; of the Simeonites, Shephatiah the son of Maachah; 17 Of the Levites, Hashabiah the son of Kemuel; of the Aaronites, Zadok; 18 Of Judah, Elihu, one of the brothers of David; of Issachar, Omri the son of Michael; 19 Of Zebulun, Ishmaiah the son of Obadiah; of Naphtali, Jerimoth the son of Azriel; 20 Of the children of Ephraim, Hoshea the son of Azaziah; of the half-tribe of Manasseh, Joel the son of Pedaiah; 21 Of the half-tribe of Manasseh in Gilead, Iddo the son of Zechariah; of Benjamin, Jaasiel the son of Abner; 22 Of Dan, Azareel the son of Jeroham. These were the princes of the tribes of Israel.
• 2 Chr 32:28-29 : 28 Storehouses also for the increase of grain, wine, and oil; and stalls for all kinds of livestock, and pens for flocks. 29 Moreover, he provided cities for himself, and possessions of flocks and herds in abundance, for God had given him very much substance.