Exodus 14:4

KJV1611 – Modern English

And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, that he shall pursue them; and I will be honored upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host; that the Egyptians may know that I am the LORD. And they did so.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְחִזַּקְתִּ֣י אֶת־לֵב־פַּרְעֹה֮ וְרָדַ֣ף אַחֲרֵיהֶם֒ וְאִכָּבְדָ֤ה בְּפַרְעֹה֙ וּבְכָל־חֵיל֔וֹ וְיָדְע֥וּ מִצְרַ֖יִם כִּֽי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיּֽ͏ַעֲשׂוּ־כֵֽן

Transliteration

wə-ḥizzaqtî ʾeṯ-lēḇ-Parʿōh wə-rādaph ʾaḥărêhem wə-ʾikkāḇdāh bə-Pharʿōh û-ḇəḵol-ḥêlô wə-yādəʿû Miṣrayim kî-ʾănî YHWH wa-yaʿăśû-ḵēn

Grammar Details

• *wə-ḥizzaqtî*: conjunction + Piel perfect, 1st singular - and I will strengthen/harden
• *ʾeṯ*: direct object marker
• *lēḇ*: noun, masculine singular construct - heart of
• *Parʿōh*: proper noun - Pharaoh
• *wə-rādaph*: conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will pursue
• *ʾaḥărêhem*: preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - after them
• *wə-ʾikkāḇdāh*: conjunction + Niphal imperfect, 1st singular cohortative - and I will be honored
• *bə-Pharʿōh*: preposition + proper noun - through Pharaoh
• *û-ḇəḵol*: conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - and through all
• *ḥêlô*: noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his army
• *wə-yādəʿû*: conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will know
• *Miṣrayim*: proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians
• *kî*: conjunction - that
• *ʾănî*: pronoun, 1st singular - I
• *YHWH*: proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD
• *wa-yaʿăśû*: conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they did
• *ḵēn*: adverb - thus/so

Word Meanings

• *wə-ḥizzaqtî*: and I will harden/and I will strengthen
• *wə-rādaph*: and he will pursue/and he will chase
• *wə-ʾikkāḇdāh*: and I will be honored/and I will gain glory
• *ḥêlô*: his army/his forces/his host
• *wə-yādəʿû*: and they will know/and they shall know
• *kî-ʾănî YHWH*: that I am YHWH (the LORD)

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and he will chase after them. But I will use Pharaoh and his whole army to demonstrate my glory, so that the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD.” The Israelites did as they were instructed.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, that he shall follow after them; and I will be honoured upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host; that the Egyptians may know that I am the LORD. And they did so.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and he shall follow after them; and I will get me honor upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host; and the Egyptians shall know that I am Jehovah. And they did so.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, that he shall follow after them; and I will be honoured upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host; that the Egyptians may know that I am the LORD. And they did so.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And I will harde his harte, that he shall folowe after the, that I maye gett me honoure vppo Pharao ad vppo all his hoste, that the Egiptians maye knowe that I am the Lorde. And they dyd euen so.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And I wyll harden his hert, yt he shal folowe after them, & I wil get me honoure vpon Pharao, and vpon all his power. And ye Egipcias shal knowe, yt I am the LORDE. And they dyd so.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And I will harden Pharaohs heart that hee shall followe after you: so I will get mee honour vpon Pharaoh, and vpon all his hoste: the Egyptians also shall knowe that I am the Lorde: and they did so.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And I wyll harden Pharaos heart, that he shall folowe after you, and I wyll get me honour vpon Pharao, and vpon al his hoast: The Egyptians also shall knowe that I am the Lorde. And they dyd euen so.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, that he shall follow after them; and I will be honoured upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host; that the Egyptians may know that I [am] the LORD. And they did so.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and he will follow after them; and I will get honor over Pharaoh, and over all his host; and the Egyptians shall know that I am Yahweh." They did so.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and I have strengthened the heart of Pharaoh, and he hath pursued after them, and I am honoured on Pharaoh, and on all his force, and the Egyptians have known that I `am' Jehovah;' and they do so.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and he shall follow after them; and I will get me honor upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host: and the Egyptians shall know that I am Jehovah. And they did so.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and he shall follow after them; and I will get me honor upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host; and the Egyptians shall know that I am Jehovah. And they did so. [

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And I will make Pharaoh's heart hard, and he will come after them and I will be honoured over Pharaoh and all his army, so that the Egyptians may see that I am the Lord. And they did so.

• World English Bible (2000)

  I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and he will follow after them; and I will get honor over Pharaoh, and over all his armies; and the Egyptians shall know that I am Yahweh." They did so.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and he will chase after them. I will gain honor because of Pharaoh and because of all his army, and the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD.” So this is what they did.

Referenced Verses

• Exod 7:5 : 5 And the Egyptians shall know that I am the LORD, when I stretch forth my hand upon Egypt, and bring out the children of Israel from among them.
• Rom 9:22-23 : 22 What if God, willing to show His wrath and to make His power known, endured with much patience the vessels of wrath prepared for destruction: 23 And that He might make known the riches of His glory on the vessels of mercy, which He had prepared beforehand for glory,
• Rom 9:17 : 17 For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I might show My power in you, and that My name might be declared throughout all the earth.
• Exod 7:3 : 3 And I will harden Pharaoh's heart and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
• Exod 9:16 : 16 And indeed, for this purpose, I have raised you up, to show in you my power; that my name may be declared throughout all the earth.
• Exod 14:8 : 8 And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel: and the children of Israel went out with boldness.
• Exod 14:17-18 : 17 And I, behold, I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians, and they shall follow them: and I will gain honor over Pharaoh, and over all his host, over his chariots, and over his horsemen. 18 And the Egyptians shall know that I am the LORD, when I have gained honor over Pharaoh, over his chariots, and over his horsemen.
• Exod 15:10-11 : 10 You blew with your wind, the sea covered them: they sank like lead in the mighty waters. 11 Who is like you, O LORD, among the gods? Who is like you, glorious in holiness, fearful in praises, doing wonders?
• Exod 15:14-16 : 14 The people shall hear, and be afraid: sorrow shall take hold on the inhabitants of Philistia. 15 Then the chiefs of Edom shall be amazed; the mighty men of Moab, trembling shall take hold upon them; all the inhabitants of Canaan shall melt away. 16 Fear and dread shall fall upon them; by the greatness of your arm they shall be as still as a stone; till your people pass over, O LORD, till the people pass over whom you have purchased.
• Exod 18:11 : 11 Now I know that the LORD is greater than all gods, for in the very thing in which they behaved proudly, He was above them.
• Neh 9:10 : 10 You showed signs and wonders against Pharaoh, against all his servants, and against all the people of his land. For You knew they acted proudly against them. So You made a name for Yourself, as it is this day.
• Isa 2:11-12 : 11 The lofty looks of man shall be humbled, and the haughtiness of men shall be bowed down, and the LORD alone shall be exalted in that day. 12 For the day of the LORD of hosts shall be upon everyone that is proud and lofty, and upon everyone that is lifted up, and he shall be brought low:
• Ezek 20:9 : 9 But I acted for my name's sake, that it should not be polluted before the heathen, among whom they were, in whose sight I made myself known to them, in bringing them out of the land of Egypt.
• Ezek 28:22 : 22 And say, Thus says the Lord GOD; Behold, I am against you, O Sidon; and I will be glorified in the midst of you: and they shall know that I am the LORD, when I have executed judgments in her, and shall be sanctified in her.
• Ezek 39:13 : 13 Yes, all the people of the land shall bury them; and it shall be to them a renown the day that I am glorified, says the Lord GOD.
• Dan 4:30-37 : 30 The king spoke, and said, Is not this great Babylon, that I have built for a royal residence, by the might of my power and for the honor of my majesty? 31 While the word was in the king's mouth, there fell a voice from heaven, saying, O King Nebuchadnezzar, to you it is spoken; The kingdom has departed from you. 32 And they shall drive you from men, and your dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field; they shall make you eat grass as oxen, and seven times shall pass over you, until you know that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, and gives it to whomever He will. 33 The same hour was the thing fulfilled upon Nebuchadnezzar, and he was driven from men, and ate grass as oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven, till his hair had grown like eagle's feathers, and his nails like bird's claws. 34 At the end of the days, I Nebuchadnezzar lifted up my eyes unto heaven, and my understanding returned to me, and I blessed the Most High, and I praised and honored Him that lives forever, whose dominion is an everlasting dominion, and His kingdom is from generation to generation. 35 And all the inhabitants of the earth are reputed as nothing, and He does according to His will in the army of heaven and among the inhabitants of the earth; and none can stay His hand, or say to Him, What are you doing? 36 At the same time, my reason returned to me; and for the glory of my kingdom, my honor and brightness returned to me; and my counselors and my lords sought me out; and I was reestablished in my kingdom, and excellent majesty was added to me. 37 Now I Nebuchadnezzar praise and extol and honor the King of heaven, all whose works are truth, and His ways just; and those that walk in pride He is able to abase.
• Exod 4:21-31 : 21 And the LORD said to Moses, When you go to return to Egypt, see that you do all those wonders before Pharaoh which I have put in your hand, but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go. 22 And you shall say to Pharaoh, Thus says the LORD, Israel is my son, even my firstborn. 23 And I say to you, Let my son go, that he may serve me, and if you refuse to let him go, behold, I will slay your son, even your firstborn. 24 And it came to pass by the way in the inn, that the LORD met him, and sought to kill him. 25 Then Zipporah took a sharp stone, and cut off the foreskin of her son, and cast it at his feet, and said, Surely a bloody husband are you to me. 26 So he let him go, then she said, A bloody husband you are, because of the circumcision. 27 And the LORD said to Aaron, Go into the wilderness to meet Moses. And he went, and met him in the mount of God, and kissed him. 28 And Moses told Aaron all the words of the LORD who had sent him, and all the signs which he had commanded him. 29 And Moses and Aaron went and gathered together all the elders of the children of Israel. 30 And Aaron spoke all the words which the LORD had spoken to Moses, and did the signs in the sight of the people. 31 And the people believed, and when they heard that the LORD had visited the children of Israel, and that he had looked upon their affliction, then they bowed their heads and worshipped.
• Exod 7:13-14 : 13 And he hardened Pharaoh's heart, that he did not listen to them, as the LORD had said. 14 And the LORD said to Moses, Pharaoh's heart is hardened, he refuses to let the people go.
• Exod 7:17 : 17 Thus says the LORD, By this you shall know that I am the LORD: behold, I will strike with the rod that is in my hand upon the waters which are in the river, and they shall be turned to blood.
• Rom 11:8 : 8 According as it is written, God has given them a spirit of stupor, eyes that they should not see and ears that they should not hear, to this day.
• Rev 19:1-6 : 1 And after these things I heard a great voice of a multitude in heaven, saying, Hallelujah; Salvation, and glory, and honor, and power, to the Lord our God: 2 For true and righteous are His judgments: for He has judged the great prostitute, who corrupted the earth with her immorality, and has avenged the blood of His servants at her hand. 3 And again they said, Hallelujah. And her smoke rose up forever and ever. 4 And the twenty-four elders and the four living creatures fell down and worshiped God who sat on the throne, saying, Amen; Hallelujah. 5 And a voice came out of the throne, saying, Praise our God, all you His servants, and you that fear Him, both small and great. 6 And I heard as it were the voice of a great multitude, and as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of mighty thunderings, saying, Hallelujah: for the Lord God omnipotent reigns.