Exodus 22:20

KJV1611 – Modern English

He who sacrifices to any god, except to the LORD only, shall be utterly destroyed.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְגֵ֥ר לֹא־תוֹנֶ֖ה וְלֹ֣א תִלְחָצֶ֑נּוּ כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

Transliteration

And gēr not tôneh and not tilḥāṣennû, because gērîm hĕyîtem in ʾereṣ miṣrāyim.

Grammar Details

• *gēr*: masculine singular noun, 'sojourner/foreigner'
• *tôneh*: hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular, 'you shall wrong'
• *tilḥāṣennû*: qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'you shall oppress him'
• *gērîm*: masculine plural noun, 'sojourners/foreigners'
• *hĕyîtem*: qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural, 'you were'
• *ʾereṣ*: feminine singular construct, 'land of'
• *miṣrāyim*: proper name, 'Egypt'

Word Meanings

• *gēr*: sojourner/foreigner/resident alien
• *tôneh*: wrong/mistreat/take advantage of
• *tilḥāṣennû*: oppress him/afflict him/put pressure on him

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  You must not mistreat or oppress a foreigner, for you were foreigners in the land of Egypt.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  He that sacrificeth unto any god, save unto the LORD only, he shall be utterly destroyed.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  He that sacrificeth{H2076} unto any god,{H430} save{H1115} unto Jehovah{H3068} only, shall be utterly destroyed.{H2763}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  He that sacrificeth{H2076}{(H8802)} unto any god{H430}, save{H1115} unto the LORD{H3068} only, he shall be utterly destroyed{H2763}{(H8714)}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  He that offreth vnto ony goddes saue vnto the Lorde only, let him dye without redemption

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Who so offreth to eny goddes, saue vnto the LORDE onely, let him dye without redempcion.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Hee that offereth vnto any gods, saue vnto the Lord onely, shalbe slaine.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  He that offereth vnto any gods, saue vnto ye Lord only, he shalbe killed.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  He that sacrificeth unto [any] god, save unto the LORD only, he shall be utterly destroyed.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  "He who sacrifices to any god, except to Yahweh only, shall be utterly destroyed.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `He who is sacrificing to a god, save to Jehovah alone, is devoted.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  He that sacrificeth unto any god, save unto Jehovah only, shall be utterly destroyed.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  He that sacrificeth unto any god, save unto Jehovah only, shall be utterly destroyed.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Complete destruction will come on any man who makes offerings to any other god but the Lord.

• World English Bible (2000)

  "He who sacrifices to any god, except to Yahweh only, shall be utterly destroyed.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “Whoever sacrifices to a god other than the LORD alone must be utterly destroyed.

Referenced Verses

• Num 25:7-8 : 7 And when Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, saw it, he rose up from among the congregation and took a javelin in his hand; 8 And he went after the man of Israel into the tent, and thrust both of them through, the man of Israel, and the woman through her belly. So the plague was stopped among the children of Israel.
• Deut 17:2-5 : 2 If there is found among you, within any of your gates which the LORD your God gives you, a man or woman who has done wickedness in the sight of the LORD your God by transgressing His covenant, 3 and has gone and served other gods and worshipped them, either the sun, or moon, or any of the host of heaven, which I have not commanded, 4 and it is told to you, and you have heard of it and diligently inquired, and indeed it is true and certain that such an abomination has been committed in Israel, 5 then you shall bring out to your gates that man or woman who has committed this wicked thing, and shall stone them with stones until they die.
• Deut 18:20 : 20 But the prophet, who shall presume to speak a word in My name, which I have not commanded him to speak, or who shall speak in the name of other gods, that prophet shall die.
• Deut 13:1-9 : 1 If there arises among you a prophet, or a dreamer of dreams, and gives you a sign or a wonder, 2 And the sign or the wonder comes to pass, of which he spoke to you, saying, Let us go after other gods, which you have not known, and let us serve them; 3 You shall not listen to the words of that prophet, or that dreamer of dreams: for the LORD your God tests you, to know whether you love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul. 4 You shall walk after the LORD your God, and fear him, and keep his commandments, and obey his voice, and you shall serve him, and hold fast to him. 5 And that prophet, or that dreamer of dreams, shall be put to death; because he has spoken to turn you away from the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, and redeemed you out of the house of bondage, to push you out of the way which the LORD your God commanded you to walk in. So you shall put away the evil from among you. 6 If your brother, the son of your mother, or your son, or your daughter, or the wife of your bosom, or your friend, who is as your own soul, entices you secretly, saying, Let us go and serve other gods, which you have not known, you, nor your fathers; 7 Namely, of the gods of the people which are around you, near to you, or far off from you, from one end of the earth even to the other end of the earth; 8 You shall not consent to him, nor listen to him; neither shall your eye pity him, neither shall you spare him, neither shall you conceal him: 9 But you shall surely kill him; your hand shall be first upon him to put him to death, and afterwards the hand of all the people. 10 And you shall stone him with stones, that he die; because he has sought to push you away from the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, from the house of bondage. 11 And all Israel shall hear, and fear, and shall do no more any such wickedness as this among you. 12 If you shall hear in one of your cities, which the LORD your God has given you to dwell there, saying, 13 Certain men, the children of Belial, have gone out from among you, and have withdrawn the inhabitants of their city, saying, Let us go and serve other gods, which you have not known; 14 Then shall you inquire, and make search, and ask diligently; and, behold, if it is true, and the thing certain, that such abomination is done among you; 15 You shall surely strike the inhabitants of that city with the edge of the sword, destroying it utterly, and all that is therein, and the cattle thereof, with the edge of the sword.
• Num 21:3 : 3 And the LORD listened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and he called the name of the place Hormah.
• Num 25:2-4 : 2 And they called the people to the sacrifices of their gods, and the people ate and bowed down to their gods. 3 And Israel joined himself to Baal of Peor, and the anger of the LORD was kindled against Israel. 4 And the LORD said to Moses, Take all the leaders of the people and hang them up before the LORD in the sunlight, that the fierce anger of the LORD may be turned away from Israel.
• Josh 23:15-16 : 15 Therefore it shall come to pass, that as all good things have come upon you, which the LORD your God promised you, so shall the LORD bring upon you all evil things, until he has destroyed you from off this good land which the LORD your God has given you. 16 When you have transgressed the covenant of the LORD your God, which he commanded you, and have gone and served other gods, and bowed yourselves to them; then shall the anger of the LORD be kindled against you, and you shall perish quickly from off the good land which he has given to you.