1 Kings 1:8

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

But Zadok the priest, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, Nathan the prophet, Shimei, Rei, and David’s elite warriors did not ally themselves with Adonijah.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְצָד֣וֹק הַ֠כֹּהֵן וּבְנָיָ֨הוּ בֶן־יְהוֹיָדָ֜ע וְנָתָ֤ן הַנָּבִיא֙ וְשִׁמְעִ֣י וְרֵעִ֔י וְהַגִּבּוֹרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְדָוִ֑ד לֹ֥א הָי֖וּ עִם־אֲדֹנִיָּֽהוּ׃

Transliteration

But Tsadoq the kohen and Benayahu son of-Yehoyada and Natan the navi and Shimi and Rei and the gibbor who belonged to David not hayah with-Adoniyahu.

Grammar Details

• *Tsadoq*: proper noun - Zadok
• *kohen*: noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the priest
• *Benayahu*: proper noun - Benaiah
• *Yehoyada*: proper noun - Jehoiada
• *Natan*: proper noun - Nathan
• *navi*: noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the prophet
• *Shimi*: proper noun - Shimei
• *Rei*: proper noun - Rei
• *gibbor*: noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the mighty men/warriors
• *hayah*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they were

Word Meanings

• *gibborim asher l'David*: mighty men who belonged to David/David's warriors
• *lo hayu im*: were not with/did not side with/did not support

Referenced Verses

• 1 Kgs 4:18 : 18 Shimei son of Ela was in charge of Benjamin.
• 2 Sam 20:25 : 25 Sheva was the scribe, and Zadok and Abiathar were the priests.
• 2 Sam 23:8-9 : 8 David’s Warriors These are the names of David’s warriors:Josheb-Basshebeth, a Tahkemonite, was head of the officers. He killed eight hundred men with his spear in one battle. 9 Next in command was Eleazar son of Dodo, the son of Ahohi. He was one of the three warriors who were with David when they defied the Philistines who were assembled there for battle. When the men of Israel retreated, 10 he stood his ground and fought the Philistines until his hand grew so tired that it seemed stuck to his sword. The LORD gave a great victory on that day. When the army returned to him, the only thing left to do was to plunder the corpses. 11 Next in command was Shammah son of Agee the Hararite. When the Philistines assembled at Lehi, where there happened to be an area of a field that was full of lentils, the army retreated before the Philistines. 12 But he made a stand in the middle of that area. He defended it and defeated the Philistines; the LORD gave them a great victory. 13 At the time of the harvest three of the thirty leaders went down to David at the cave of Adullam. A band of Philistines was camped in the valley of Rephaim. 14 David was in the stronghold at the time, while a Philistine garrison was in Bethlehem. 15 David was thirsty and said,“How I wish someone would give me some water to drink from the cistern in Bethlehem near the gate!” 16 So the three elite warriors broke through the Philistine forces and drew some water from the cistern in Bethlehem near the gate. They carried it back to David, but he refused to drink it. He poured it out as a drink offering to the LORD 17 and said,“O LORD, I will not do this! It is equivalent to the blood of the men who risked their lives by going.” So he refused to drink it. Such were the exploits of the three elite warriors. 18 Abishai son of Zeruiah, the brother of Joab, was head of the three. He killed three hundred men with his spear and gained fame among the three. 19 From the three he was given honor and he became their officer, even though he was not one of the three. 20 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was a brave warrior from Kabzeel who performed great exploits. He struck down the two sons of Ariel of Moab. He also went down and killed a lion in a cistern on a snowy day. 21 He also killed an impressive-looking Egyptian. The Egyptian wielded a spear, while Benaiah attacked him with a club. He grabbed the spear out of the Egyptian’s hand and killed him with his own spear. 22 Such were the exploits of Benaiah son of Jehoiada, who gained fame among the three elite warriors. 23 He received honor from the thirty warriors, though he was not one of the three elite warriors. David put him in charge of his bodyguard. 24 Included with the thirty were the following: Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo from Bethlehem, 25 Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite, 26 Helez the Paltite, Ira son of Ikkesh from Tekoa, 27 Abiezer the Anathothite, Mebunnai the Hushathite, 28 Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite, 29 Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite, Ittai son of Ribai from Gibeah in Benjamin, 30 Benaiah the Pirathonite, Hiddai from the wadis of Gaash, 31 Abi-Albon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite, 32 Eliahba the Shaalbonite, the sons of Jashen, Jonathan 33 son of Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam son of Sharar the Hararite, 34 Eliphelet son of Ahasbai the Maacathite, Eliam son of Ahithophel the Gilonite, 35 Hezrai the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite, 36 Igal son of Nathan from Zobah, Bani the Gadite, 37 Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite(the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah), 38 Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite 39 and Uriah the Hittite. Altogether there were thirty-seven.
• 1 Kgs 2:35 : 35 The king appointed Benaiah son of Jehoiada to take his place at the head of the army, and the king appointed Zadok the priest to take Abiathar’s place.
• 2 Sam 7:2-4 : 2 The king said to Nathan the prophet,“Look! I am living in a palace made from cedar, while the ark of God sits in the middle of a tent.” 3 Nathan replied to the king,“You should go and do whatever you have in mind, for the LORD is with you.” 4 That night the LORD’s message came to Nathan,
• 2 Sam 8:17-18 : 17 Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelech son of Abiathar were priests; Seraiah was scribe; 18 Benaiah son of Jehoiada supervised the Kerithites and Pelethites; and David’s sons were priests.
• 2 Sam 12:1-9 : 1 Nathan the Prophet Confronts David So the LORD sent Nathan to David. When he came to David, Nathan said,“There were two men in a certain city, one rich and the other poor. 2 The rich man had a great many flocks and herds. 3 But the poor man had nothing except for a little lamb he had acquired. He raised it, and it grew up alongside him and his children. It used to eat his food, drink from his cup, and sleep in his arms. It was just like a daughter to him. 4 “When a traveler arrived at the rich man’s home, he did not want to use one of his own sheep or cattle to feed the traveler who had come to visit him. Instead, he took the poor man’s lamb and cooked it for the man who had come to visit him.” 5 Then David became very angry at this man. He said to Nathan,“As surely as the LORD lives, the man who did this deserves to die! 6 Because he committed this cold-hearted crime, he must pay for the lamb four times over!” 7 Nathan said to David,“You are that man! This is what the LORD God of Israel has said:‘I chose you to be king over Israel and I rescued you from the hand of Saul. 8 I gave you your master’s house, and put your master’s wives into your arms. I also gave you the house of Israel and Judah. And if all that somehow seems insignificant, I would have given you so much more as well! 9 Why have you shown contempt for the LORD’s decrees by doing evil in my sight? You have struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword and you have taken his wife to be your own wife! You have killed him with the sword of the Ammonites. 10 So now the sword will never depart from your house. For you have despised me by taking the wife of Uriah the Hittite as your own!’ 11 This is what the LORD has said:‘I am about to bring disaster on you from inside your own household! Right before your eyes I will take your wives and hand them over to your companion. He will go to bed with your wives in broad daylight! 12 Although you have acted in secret, I will do this thing before all Israel, and in broad daylight.’” 13 Then David exclaimed to Nathan,“I have sinned against the LORD!” Nathan replied to David,“Yes, and the LORD has forgiven your sin. You are not going to die. 14 Nonetheless, because you have treated the LORD with such contempt in this matter, the son who has been born to you will certainly die.” 15 Then Nathan went to his home. The LORD struck the child that Uriah’s wife had borne to David, and the child became very ill.
• 1 Chr 11:10-47 : 10 David’s Warriors These were the leaders of David’s warriors who, together with all Israel, stood courageously with him in his kingdom by installing him as king, in keeping with the LORD’s message concerning Israel. 11 This is the list of David’s warriors: Jashobeam, a Hacmonite, was head of the officers. He killed three hundred men with his spear in a single battle. 12 Next in command was Eleazar son of Dodo the Ahohite. He was one of the three elite warriors. 13 He was with David in Pas Dammim when the Philistines assembled there for battle. In an area of the field that was full of barley, the army retreated before the Philistines, 14 but then they made a stand in the middle of that area. They defended it and defeated the Philistines; the LORD gave them a great victory. 15 Three of the thirty leaders went down to David at the rocky cliff at the cave of Adullam, while a Philistine force was camped in the Valley of Rephaim. 16 David was in the stronghold at the time, while a Philistine garrison was in Bethlehem. 17 David was thirsty and said,“How I wish someone would give me some water to drink from the cistern in Bethlehem near the city gate!” 18 So the three elite warriors broke through the Philistine forces and drew some water from the cistern in Bethlehem near the city gate. They carried it back to David, but David refused to drink it. He poured it out as a drink offering to the LORD 19 and said,“God forbid that I should do this! Should I drink the blood of these men who risked their lives?” Because they risked their lives to bring it to him, he refused to drink it. Such were the exploits of the three elite warriors. 20 Abishai the brother of Joab was head of the three elite warriors. He killed three hundred men with his spear and gained fame along with the three elite warriors. 21 From the three he was given double honor and he became their officer, even though he was not one of them. 22 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was a brave warrior from Kabzeel who performed great exploits. He struck down the two sons of Ariel of Moab; he also went down and killed a lion inside a cistern on a snowy day. 23 He even killed an Egyptian who was seven and a half feet tall. The Egyptian had a spear in his hand as big as the crossbeam of a weaver’s loom; Benaiah attacked him with a club. He grabbed the spear out of the Egyptian’s hand and killed him with his own spear. 24 Such were the exploits of Benaiah son of Jehoiada, who gained fame along with the three elite warriors. 25 He received honor from the thirty warriors, though he was not one of the three elite warriors. David put him in charge of his bodyguard. 26 The mighty warriors were:Asahel the brother of Joab,Elhanan son of Dodo, from Bethlehem, 27 Shammoth the Harorite, Helez the Pelonite, 28 Ira son of Ikkesh the Tekoite,Abiezer the Anathothite, 29 Sibbekai the Hushathite,Ilai the Ahohite, 30 Maharai the Netophathite,Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite, 31 Ithai son of Ribai from Gibeah in Benjaminite territory,Benaiah the Pirathonite, 32 Hurai from the valleys of Gaash,Abiel the Arbathite, 33 Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite, 34 the sons of Hashem the Gizonite,Jonathan son of Shageh the Hararite, 35 Ahiam son of Sakar the Hararite,Eliphal son of Ur, 36 Hepher the Mekerathite,Ahijah the Pelonite, 37 Hezro the Carmelite,Naarai son of Ezbai, 38 Joel the brother of Nathan, Mibhar son of Hagri, 39 Zelek the Ammonite,Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah, 40 Ira the Ithrite,Gareb the Ithrite, 41 Uriah the Hittite,Zabad son of Achli, 42 Adina son of Shiza the Reubenite, leader of the Reubenites and the thirty warriors with him, 43 Hanan son of Maacah,Joshaphat the Mithnite, 44 Uzzia the Ashterathite,Shama and Jeiel, the sons of Hotham the Aroerite, 45 Jediael son of Shimri,and Joha his brother, the Tizite, 46 Eliel the Mahavite,and Jeribai and Joshaviah, the sons of Elnaam,and Ithmah the Moabite, 47 Eliel,and Obed,and Jaasiel the Mezobaite.
• 1 Chr 27:5-6 : 5 The third army commander, assigned the third month, was Benaiah son of Jehoiada the priest. He was the leader of his division, which consisted of 24,000 men. 6 Benaiah was the leader of the thirty warriors and his division; his son was Ammizabad.
• Ezek 44:15 : 15 The Levitical Priests“‘But the Levitical priests, the descendants of Zadok who kept the charge of my sanctuary when the people of Israel went astray from me, will approach me to minister to me; they will stand before me to offer me the fat and the blood, declares the Sovereign LORD.
• Zech 12:13 : 13 the clan of the descendants of Levi by itself and their wives by themselves; and the clan of the Shimeites by itself and their wives by themselves–