Acts 1:3

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

To the same apostles also, after his suffering, he presented himself alive with many convincing proofs. He was seen by them over a forty-day period and spoke about matters concerning the kingdom of God.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Οἷς καὶ παρέστησεν ἑαυτὸν ζῶντα μετὰ τὸ παθεῖν αὐτὸν ἐν πολλοῖς τεκμηρίοις, διʼ ἡμερῶν τεσσαράκοντα ὀπτανόμενος αὐτοῖς, καὶ λέγων τὰ περὶ τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ:

Transliteration

To whom also he parestēsen heauton zōnta after the pathein auton in many tekmēriois, through hēmerōn tessarakonta optanomenos to them, and legōn the things concerning the basileias of the Theou:

Grammar Details

• *parestēsen*: aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - presented/showed
• *heauton*: reflexive pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - himself
• *zōnta*: present, active, participle, accusative, masculine, singular - living/alive
• *pathein*: aorist, active, infinitive - to suffer
• *auton*: personal pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - him
• *tekmēriois*: dative, neuter, plural - proofs/evidences
• *hēmerōn*: genitive, feminine, plural - days
• *tessarakonta*: numeral - forty
• *optanomenos*: present, middle/passive, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - appearing/being seen
• *legōn*: present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - speaking/saying
• *basileias*: genitive, feminine, singular - kingdom
• *Theou*: genitive, masculine, singular - God

Word Meanings

• *parestēsen*: presented/showed/proved
• *zōnta*: living/alive
• *pathein*: to suffer/experience pain
• *tekmēriois*: proofs/evidences/infallible proofs
• *optanomenos*: appearing/being seen/showing himself
• *basileias*: kingdom/reign/royal power

Referenced Verses

• 1 Cor 15:5-7 : 5 and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve. 6 Then he appeared to more than five hundred of the brothers and sisters at one time, most of whom are still alive, though some have fallen asleep. 7 Then he appeared to James, then to all the apostles.
• John 20:26 : 26 Eight days later the disciples were again together in the house, and Thomas was with them. Although the doors were locked, Jesus came and stood among them and said,“Peace be with you!”
• Acts 13:31 : 31 and for many days he appeared to those who had accompanied him from Galilee to Jerusalem. These are now his witnesses to the people.
• Acts 28:31 : 31 proclaiming the kingdom of God and teaching about the Lord Jesus Christ with complete boldness and without restriction.
• Rom 14:17 : 17 For the kingdom of God does not consist of food and drink, but righteousness, peace, and joy in the Holy Spirit.
• John 21:1 : 1 Jesus’ Appearance to the Disciples in Galilee After this Jesus revealed himself again to the disciples by the Sea of Tiberias. Now this is how he did so.
• John 21:14 : 14 This was now the third time Jesus was revealed to the disciples after he was raised from the dead.
• 1 John 1:1 : 1 ¶ The Prologue to the Letter This is what we proclaim to you: what was from the beginning, what we have heard, what we have seen with our eyes, what we have looked at and our hands have touched(concerning the word of life–
• Deut 9:9 : 9 When I went up the mountain to receive the stone tablets, the tablets of the covenant that the LORD made with you, I remained there forty days and nights, eating and drinking nothing.
• Deut 9:18 : 18 Then I again fell down before the LORD for forty days and nights; I ate and drank nothing because of all the sin you had committed, doing such evil before the LORD as to enrage him.
• 1 Kgs 19:8 : 8 So he got up and ate and drank. That meal gave him the strength to travel forty days and forty nights until he reached Horeb, the mountain of God.
• Dan 2:44-45 : 44 In the days of those kings the God of heaven will raise up an everlasting kingdom that will not be destroyed and a kingdom that will not be left to another people. It will break in pieces and bring about the demise of all these kingdoms. But it will stand forever. 45 You saw that a stone was cut from a mountain, but not by human hands; it smashed the iron, bronze, clay, silver, and gold into pieces. The great God has made known to the king what will occur in the future. The dream is certain, and its interpretation is reliable.”
• Matt 3:2 : 2 “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near.”
• Matt 4:2 : 2 After he fasted forty days and forty nights he was famished.
• Matt 21:43 : 43 For this reason I tell you that the kingdom of God will be taken from you and given to a people who will produce its fruit.
• Matt 28:9 : 9 But Jesus met them, saying,“Greetings!” They came to him, held on to his feet and worshiped him.
• Matt 28:16-17 : 16 The Great Commission So the eleven disciples went to Galilee to the mountain Jesus had designated. 17 When they saw him, they worshiped him, but some doubted.
• Mark 16:10-14 : 10 She went out and told those who were with him, while they were mourning and weeping. 11 And when they heard that he was alive and had been seen by her, they did not believe. 12 After this he appeared in a different form to two of them while they were on their way to the country. 13 They went back and told the rest, but they did not believe them. 14 Then he appeared to the eleven themselves, while they were eating, and he rebuked them for their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they did not believe those who had seen him resurrected.
• Luke 17:20-21 : 20 The Coming of the Kingdom Now at one point the Pharisees asked Jesus when the kingdom of God was coming, so he answered,“The kingdom of God is not coming with signs to be observed, 21 nor will they say,‘Look, here it is!’ or‘There!’ For indeed, the kingdom of God is in your midst.”
• Luke 24:1-9 : 1 The Resurrection Now on the first day of the week, at early dawn, the women went to the tomb, taking the aromatic spices they had prepared. 2 They found that the stone had been rolled away from the tomb, 3 but when they went in, they did not find the body of the Lord Jesus. 4 While they were perplexed about this, suddenly two men stood beside them in dazzling attire. 5 The women were terribly frightened and bowed their faces to the ground, but the men said to them,“Why do you look for the living among the dead? 6 He is not here, but has been raised! Remember how he told you, while he was still in Galilee, 7 that the Son of Man must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, and be crucified, and on the third day rise again.” 8 Then the women remembered his words, 9 and when they returned from the tomb they told all these things to the eleven and to all the rest. 10 Now it was Mary Magdalene, Joanna, Mary the mother of James, and the other women with them who told these things to the apostles. 11 But these words seemed like pure nonsense to them, and they did not believe them. 12 But Peter got up and ran to the tomb. He bent down and saw only the strips of linen cloth; then he went home, wondering what had happened. 13 Jesus Walks the Road to Emmaus Now that very day two of them were on their way to a village called Emmaus, about seven miles from Jerusalem. 14 They were talking to each other about all the things that had happened. 15 While they were talking and debating these things, Jesus himself approached and began to accompany them 16 (but their eyes were kept from recognizing him). 17 Then he said to them,“What are these matters you are discussing so intently as you walk along?” And they stood still, looking sad. 18 Then one of them, named Cleopas, answered him,“Are you the only visitor to Jerusalem who doesn’t know the things that have happened there in these days?” 19 He said to them,“What things?”“The things concerning Jesus the Nazarene,” they replied,“a man who, with his powerful deeds and words, proved to be a prophet before God and all the people; 20 and how our chief priests and leaders handed him over to be condemned to death, and crucified him. 21 But we had hoped that he was the one who was going to redeem Israel. Not only this, but it is now the third day since these things happened. 22 Furthermore, some women of our group amazed us. They were at the tomb early this morning, 23 and when they did not find his body, they came back and said they had seen a vision of angels, who said he was alive. 24 Then some of those who were with us went to the tomb, and found it just as the women had said, but they did not see him.” 25 So he said to them,“You foolish people– how slow of heart to believe all that the prophets have spoken! 26 Wasn’t it necessary for the Christ to suffer these things and enter into his glory?” 27 Then beginning with Moses and all the prophets, he interpreted to them the things written about himself in all the scriptures. 28 So they approached the village where they were going. He acted as though he wanted to go farther, 29 but they urged him,“Stay with us, because it is getting toward evening and the day is almost done.” So he went in to stay with them. 30 When he had taken his place at the table with them, he took the bread, blessed and broke it, and gave it to them. 31 At this point their eyes were opened and they recognized him. Then he vanished out of their sight. 32 They said to each other,“Didn’t our hearts burn within us while he was speaking with us on the road, while he was explaining the scriptures to us?” 33 So they got up that very hour and returned to Jerusalem. They found the eleven and those with them gathered together 34 and saying,“The Lord has really risen, and has appeared to Simon!” 35 Then they told what had happened on the road, and how they recognized him when he broke the bread. 36 Jesus Makes a Final Appearance While they were saying these things, Jesus himself stood among them and said to them,“Peace be with you.” 37 But they were startled and terrified, thinking they saw a ghost. 38 Then he said to them,“Why are you frightened, and why do doubts arise in your hearts? 39 Look at my hands and my feet; it’s me! Touch me and see; a ghost does not have flesh and bones like you see I have.” 40 When he had said this, he showed them his hands and his feet. 41 And while they still could not believe it(because of their joy) and were amazed, he said to them,“Do you have anything here to eat?” 42 So they gave him a piece of broiled fish, 43 and he took it and ate it in front of them. 44 Jesus’ Final Commission Then he said to them,“These are my words that I spoke to you while I was still with you, that everything written about me in the law of Moses and the prophets and the psalms must be fulfilled.” 45 Then he opened their minds so they could understand the scriptures, 46 and said to them,“Thus it stands written that the Christ would suffer and would rise from the dead on the third day, 47 and repentance for the forgiveness of sins would be proclaimed in his name to all nations, beginning from Jerusalem. 48 You are witnesses of these things. 49 And look, I am sending you what my Father promised. But stay in the city until you have been clothed with power from on high.” 50 Jesus’ Departure Then Jesus led them out as far as Bethany, and lifting up his hands, he blessed them. 51 Now during the blessing he departed and was taken up into heaven. 52 So they worshiped him and returned to Jerusalem with great joy, 53 and were continually in the temple courts blessing God.
• John 20:1-9 : 1 The Resurrection Now very early on the first day of the week, while it was still dark, Mary Magdalene came to the tomb and saw that the stone had been moved away from the entrance. 2 So she went running to Simon Peter and the other disciple whom Jesus loved and told them,“They have taken the Lord from the tomb, and we don’t know where they have put him!” 3 Then Peter and the other disciple set out to go to the tomb. 4 The two were running together, but the other disciple ran faster than Peter and reached the tomb first. 5 He bent down and saw the strips of linen cloth lying there, but he did not go in. 6 Then Simon Peter, who had been following him, arrived and went right into the tomb. He saw the strips of linen cloth lying there, 7 and the face cloth, which had been around Jesus’ head, not lying with the strips of linen cloth but rolled up in a place by itself. 8 Then the other disciple, who had reached the tomb first, came in, and he saw and believed. 9 (For they did not yet understand the scripture that Jesus must rise from the dead.) 10 Jesus’ Appearance to Mary Magdalene So the disciples went back to their homes. 11 But Mary stood outside the tomb weeping. As she wept, she bent down and looked into the tomb. 12 And she saw two angels in white sitting where Jesus’ body had been lying, one at the head and one at the feet. 13 They said to her,“Woman, why are you weeping?” Mary replied,“They have taken my Lord away, and I do not know where they have put him!” 14 When she had said this, she turned around and saw Jesus standing there, but she did not know that it was Jesus. 15 Jesus said to her,“Woman, why are you weeping? Who are you looking for?” Because she thought he was the gardener, she said to him,“Sir, if you have carried him away, tell me where you have put him, and I will take him.” 16 Jesus said to her,“Mary.” She turned and said to him in Aramaic,“Rabboni”(which means Teacher). 17 Jesus replied,“Do not touch me, for I have not yet ascended to my Father. Go to my brothers and tell them,‘I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.’” 18 Mary Magdalene came and informed the disciples,“I have seen the Lord!” And she told them what Jesus had said to her. 19 Jesus’ Appearance to the Disciples On the evening of that day, the first day of the week, the disciples had gathered together and locked the doors of the place because they were afraid of the Jewish leaders. Jesus came and stood among them and said to them,“Peace be with you.” 20 When he had said this, he showed them his hands and his side. Then the disciples rejoiced when they saw the Lord. 21 So Jesus said to them again,“Peace be with you. Just as the Father has sent me, I also send you.”
• Col 1:13 : 13 He delivered us from the power of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of the Son he loves,
• 1 Thess 2:12 : 12 exhorting and encouraging you and insisting that you live in a way worthy of God who calls you to his own kingdom and his glory.