Genesis 14:7

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

Then they attacked En Mishpat(that is, Kadesh) again, and they conquered all the territory of the Amalekites, as well as the Amorites who were living in Hazazon Tamar.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַ֠יָּשֻׁבוּ וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ אֶל־עֵ֤ין מִשְׁפָּט֙ הִ֣וא קָדֵ֔שׁ וַיַּכּ֕וּ אֶֽת־כָּל־שְׂדֵ֖ה הָעֲמָלֵקִ֑י וְגַם֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֱמֹרִ֔י הַיֹּשֵׁ֖ב בְּחַֽצְצֹ֥ן תָּמָֽר׃

Transliteration

way-yāšuḇû way-yāḇōʾû ʾel-ʿên mišpāṭ hîʾ qāḏēš way-yakkû ʾeṯ-kol-śəḏēh hā-ʿămālēqî wə-ḡam ʾeṯ-hā-ʾĕmōrî hay-yōšēḇ bə-ḥaṣṣōn tāmār

Grammar Details

• *way-yāšuḇû*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they returned
• *way-yāḇōʾû*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they came
• *ʾel*: preposition - to
• *ʿên*: construct state - spring/fountain of
• *mišpāṭ*: common noun, masculine singular - judgment
• *hîʾ*: pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it/she
• *qāḏēš*: proper noun, place name (Kadesh)
• *way-yakkû*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they struck/defeated
• *ʾeṯ*: direct object marker
• *kol*: construct state - all of
• *śəḏēh*: construct state - country/territory of
• *hā-ʿămālēqî*: definite article + gentilic adjective - the Amalekite
• *wə-ḡam*: conjunction + adverb - and also
• *hā-ʾĕmōrî*: definite article + gentilic noun - the Amorite
• *hay-yōšēḇ*: definite article + participle, masculine singular - the one dwelling
• *bə-ḥaṣṣōn*: preposition + proper noun - in Hazazon
• *tāmār*: proper noun, place name (Tamar)

Word Meanings

• *ʿên mišpāṭ*: spring of judgment/En Mishpat
• *way-yakkû*: struck/defeated/smote
• *hay-yōšēḇ*: the one dwelling/inhabiting/sitting
• *bə-ḥaṣṣōn tāmār*: in Hazazon-tamar/Hazezon-tamar (later known as En Gedi)

Referenced Verses

• 2 Chr 20:2 : 2 Messengers arrived and reported to Jehoshaphat,“A huge army is attacking you from the other side of the Dead Sea, from the direction of Edom. Look, they are in Hazezon Tamar(that is, En Gedi).”
• Gen 16:14 : 14 That is why the well was called Beer Lahai Roi.(It is located between Kadesh and Bered.)
• Gen 20:1 : 1 Abraham and Abimelech Abraham journeyed from there to the Negev region and settled between Kadesh and Shur. While he lived as a temporary resident in Gerar,
• Gen 36:12 : 12 Timna, a concubine of Esau’s son Eliphaz, bore Amalek to Eliphaz. These were the sons of Esau’s wife Adah.
• Gen 36:16 : 16 chief Korah, chief Gatam, chief Amalek. These were the chiefs descended from Eliphaz in the land of Edom; these were the sons of Adah.
• Exod 17:8-9 : 8 Victory over the Amalekites Amalek came and attacked Israel in Rephidim. 9 So Moses said to Joshua,“Choose some of our men and go out, fight against Amalek. Tomorrow I will stand on top of the hill with the staff of God in my hand.” 10 So Joshua fought against Amalek just as Moses had instructed him, and Moses and Aaron and Hur went up to the top of the hill. 11 Whenever Moses would raise his hands, then Israel prevailed, but whenever he would rest his hands, then Amalek prevailed. 12 When the hands of Moses became heavy, they took a stone and put it under him, and Aaron and Hur held up his hands, one on one side and one on the other, and so his hands were steady until the sun went down. 13 So Joshua destroyed Amalek and his army with the sword. 14 The LORD said to Moses,“Write this as a memorial in the book, and rehearse it in Joshua’s hearing; for I will surely wipe out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven. 15 Moses built an altar, and he called it“The LORD is my Banner,” 16 for he said,“For a hand was lifted up to the throne of the LORD– that the LORD will have war with Amalek from generation to generation.”
• Num 13:26 : 26 The Spies’ Reports They came back to Moses and Aaron and to the whole community of the Israelites in the wilderness of Paran at Kadesh. They reported to the whole community and showed the fruit of the land.
• Num 14:43 : 43 For the Amalekites and the Canaanites are there before you, and you will fall by the sword. Because you have turned away from the LORD, the LORD will not be with you.”
• Num 14:45 : 45 So the Amalekites and the Canaanites who lived in that hill country swooped down and attacked them as far as Hormah.
• Num 20:1 : 1 The Israelites Complain Again Then the entire community of Israel entered the wilderness of Zin in the first month, and the people stayed in Kadesh. Miriam died and was buried there.
• Num 24:20 : 20 Balaam’s Final Prophecies Then Balaam looked on Amalek and delivered this oracle:“Amalek was the first of the nations, but his end will be that he will perish.”
• Deut 1:19 : 19 Then we left Horeb and passed through all that immense, forbidding wilderness that you saw on the way to the Amorite hill country as the LORD our God had commanded us to do, finally arriving at Kadesh Barnea.
• Deut 1:46 : 46 Therefore, you remained at Kadesh for a long time– indeed, for the full time.
• Josh 15:62 : 62 Nibshan, the city of Salt, and En Gedi– a total of six cities and their towns.
• 1 Sam 15:1-9 : 1 Saul Is Rejected as King Then Samuel said to Saul,“I was the one the LORD sent to anoint you as king over his people Israel. Now listen to what the LORD says. 2 Here is what the LORD of Heaven’s Armies has said:‘I carefully observed how the Amalekites opposed Israel along the way when Israel came up from Egypt. 3 So go now and strike down the Amalekites. Destroy everything that they have. Don’t spare them. Put them to death– man, woman, child, infant, ox, sheep, camel, and donkey alike.’” 4 So Saul assembled the army and mustered them at Telaim. There were 200,000 foot soldiers and 10,000 men of Judah. 5 Saul proceeded to the city of Amalek, where he set an ambush in the wadi. 6 Saul said to the Kenites,“Go on and leave! Go down from among the Amalekites! Otherwise I will sweep you away with them! After all, you were kind to all the Israelites when they came up from Egypt.” So the Kenites withdrew from among the Amalekites. 7 Then Saul struck down the Amalekites all the way from Havilah to Shur, which is next to Egypt. 8 He captured King Agag of the Amalekites alive, but he executed all Agag’s people with the sword. 9 However, Saul and the army spared Agag, along with the best of the flock, the cattle, the fatlings, and the lambs, as well as everything else that was of value. They were not willing to slaughter them. But they did slaughter everything that was despised and worthless. 10 Then the LORD’s message came to Samuel: 11 “I regret that I have made Saul king, for he has turned away from me and has not done what I told him to do.” Samuel became angry and he cried out to the LORD all that night. 12 Then Samuel got up early to meet Saul the next morning. But Samuel was informed,“Saul has gone to Carmel where he is setting up a monument for himself.” Then Samuel left and went down to Gilgal. 13 When Samuel came to Saul, Saul said to him,“May the LORD bless you! I have fulfilled the LORD’s orders.” 14 Samuel replied,“If that is the case, then what is this sound of sheep in my ears and the sound of cattle that I hear?” 15 Saul said,“They were brought from the Amalekites; the army spared the best of the flocks and cattle to sacrifice to the LORD our God. But everything else we slaughtered.” 16 Then Samuel said to Saul,“Wait a minute! Let me tell you what the LORD said to me last night.” Saul said to him,“Tell me.” 17 Samuel said,“Is it not true that when you were insignificant in your own eyes, you became head of the tribes of Israel? The LORD chose you as king over Israel. 18 The LORD sent you on a campaign saying,‘Go and exterminate those sinful Amalekites! Fight against them until you have destroyed them.’ 19 Why haven’t you obeyed the LORD? Instead you have greedily rushed upon the plunder! You have done what is wrong in the LORD’s estimation.” 20 Then Saul said to Samuel,“But I have obeyed the LORD! I went on the campaign the LORD sent me on. I brought back King Agag of the Amalekites after exterminating the Amalekites. 21 But the army took from the plunder some of the sheep and cattle– the best of what was to be slaughtered– to sacrifice to the LORD your God in Gilgal.” 22 Then Samuel said,“Does the LORD take pleasure in burnt offerings and sacrifices as much as he does in obedience? Certainly, obedience is better than sacrifice; paying attention is better than the fat of rams. 23 For rebellion is like the sin of divination, and presumption is like the evil of idolatry. Because you have rejected the LORD’s orders, he has rejected you from being king.” 24 Then Saul said to Samuel,“I have sinned, for I have disobeyed what the LORD commanded and your words as well. For I was afraid of the army, and I obeyed their voice. 25 Now please forgive my sin! Go back with me so I can worship the LORD.” 26 Samuel said to Saul,“I will not go back with you, for you have rejected the LORD’s orders, and the LORD has rejected you from being king over Israel!” 27 When Samuel turned to leave, Saul grabbed the edge of his robe and it tore. 28 Samuel said to him,“The LORD has torn the kingdom of Israel from you this day and has given it to one of your colleagues who is better than you! 29 The Preeminent One of Israel does not go back on his word or change his mind, for he is not a human being who changes his mind.” 30 Saul again replied,“I have sinned. But please honor me before the elders of my people and before Israel. Go back with me so I may worship the LORD your God.” 31 So Samuel followed Saul back, and Saul worshiped the LORD. 32 Samuel Puts Agag to Death Then Samuel said,“Bring me King Agag of the Amalekites.” So Agag came to him trembling, thinking to himself,“Surely death is bitter!” 33 Samuel said,“Just as your sword left women childless, so your mother will be the most bereaved among women!” Then Samuel hacked Agag to pieces there in Gilgal before the LORD. 34 Then Samuel went to Ramah, while Saul went up to his home in Gibeah of Saul. 35 Until the day he died Samuel did not see Saul again. Samuel did, however, mourn for Saul, but the LORD regretted that he had made Saul king over Israel.
• 1 Sam 27:1-9 : 1 David Aligns Himself with the Philistines David thought to himself,“One of these days I’m going to be swept away by the hand of Saul! There is nothing better for me than to escape to the land of the Philistines. Then Saul will despair of searching for me through all the territory of Israel and I will escape from his hand.” 2 So David left and crossed over to King Achish son of Maoch of Gath accompanied by his six hundred men. 3 David settled with Achish in Gath, along with his men and their families. David had with him his two wives, Ahinoam the Jezreelite and Abigail the Carmelite, Nabal’s widow. 4 When Saul learned that David had fled to Gath, he did not mount a new search for him. 5 David said to Achish,“If I have found favor with you, let me be given a place in one of the country towns so that I can live there. Why should your servant settle in the royal city with you?” 6 So Achish gave him Ziklag on that day.(For that reason Ziklag has belonged to the kings of Judah until this very day.) 7 The length of time that David lived in the Philistine countryside was a year and four months. 8 Then David and his men went up and raided the Geshurites, the Girzites, and the Amalekites.(They had been living in that land for a long time, from the approach to Shur as far as the land of Egypt.) 9 When David would attack a district, he would leave neither man nor woman alive. He would take sheep, cattle, donkeys, camels, and clothing and would then go back to Achish. 10 When Achish would ask,“Where did you raid today?” David would say,“The Negev of Judah” or“The Negev of Jeharmeel” or“The Negev of the Kenites.” 11 Neither man nor woman would David leave alive so as to bring them back to Gath. He was thinking,“This way they can’t tell on us, saying,‘This is what David did.’” Such was his practice the entire time that he lived in the country of the Philistines. 12 So Achish trusted David, thinking to himself,“He is really hated among his own people in Israel! From now on he will be my servant.”
• 1 Sam 30:1-9 : 1 David Defeats the Amalekites On the third day David and his men came to Ziklag. Now the Amalekites had raided the Negev and Ziklag. They attacked Ziklag and burned it. 2 They took captive the women and all who were in it, from the youngest to the oldest, but they did not kill anyone. They simply carried them off and went on their way. 3 When David and his men came to the city, they found it burned. Their wives, sons, and daughters had been taken captive. 4 Then David and the men who were with him wept loudly until they could weep no more. 5 David’s two wives had been taken captive– Ahinoam the Jezreelite and Abigail the Carmelite, Nabal’s widow. 6 David was very upset, for the men were thinking of stoning him; each man grieved bitterly over his sons and daughters. But David drew strength from the LORD his God. 7 Then David said to the priest Abiathar son of Ahimelech,“Bring me the ephod.” So Abiathar brought the ephod to David. 8 David inquired of the LORD, saying,“Should I pursue this raiding band? Will I overtake them?” He said to him,“Pursue, for you will certainly overtake them and carry out a rescue!” 9 So David went, accompanied by his six hundred men. When he came to the Wadi Besor, those who were in the rear stayed there. 10 David and four hundred men continued the pursuit, but two hundred men who were too exhausted to cross the Wadi Besor stayed there. 11 Then they found an Egyptian in the field and brought him to David. They gave him bread to eat and water to drink. 12 They gave him a slice of pressed figs and two bunches of raisins to eat. This greatly refreshed him, for he had not eaten food or drunk water for three days and three nights. 13 David said to him,“To whom do you belong, and where are you from?” The young man said,“I am an Egyptian, the servant of an Amalekite man. My master abandoned me when I was ill for three days. 14 We conducted a raid on the Negev of the Kerethites, on the area of Judah, and on the Negev of Caleb. We burned Ziklag.” 15 David said to him,“Can you take us down to this raiding party?” He said,“Swear to me by God that you will not kill me or hand me over to my master, and I will take you down to this raiding party.” 16 So he took David down, and they found them spread out over the land. They were eating and drinking and enjoying themselves because of all the loot they had taken from the land of the Philistines and from the land of Judah. 17 But David struck them down from twilight until the following evening. None of them escaped, with the exception of four hundred young men who got away on camels. 18 David retrieved everything the Amalekites had taken; he also rescued his two wives. 19 There was nothing missing, whether small or great. He retrieved sons and daughters, the plunder, and everything else they had taken. David brought everything back. 20 David took all the flocks and herds and drove them in front of the rest of the animals. People were saying,“This is David’s plunder!” 21 Then David approached the two hundred men who had been too exhausted to go with him, those whom they had left at the Wadi Besor. They went out to meet David and the people who were with him. When David approached the people, he asked how they were doing. 22 But all the evil and worthless men among those who had gone with David said,“Since they didn’t go with us, we won’t give them any of the loot we retrieved! They may take only their wives and children. Let them lead them away and be gone!” 23 But David said,“No! You shouldn’t do this, my brothers. Look at what the LORD has given us! He has protected us and has delivered into our hands the raiding party that came against us. 24 Who will listen to you in this matter? The portion of the one who went down into the battle will be the same as the portion of the one who remained with the equipment! Let their portions be the same!” 25 From that time onward it was a binding ordinance for Israel, right up to the present time. 26 When David came to Ziklag, he sent some of the plunder to the elders of Judah who were his friends, saying,“Here’s a gift for you from the looting of the LORD’s enemies!” 27 The gift was for those in the following locations: for those in Bethel, Ramoth Negev, and Jattir; 28 for those in Aroer, Siphmoth, Eshtemoa, 29 and Racal; for those in the cities of the Jerahmeelites and Kenites; 30 for those in Hormah, Bor Ashan, Athach, 31 and Hebron; and for those in whatever other places David and his men had traveled.