Isaiah 40:10

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

Look, the Sovereign LORD comes as a victorious warrior; his military power establishes his rule. Look, his reward is with him; his prize goes before him.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

הִנֵּ֨ה אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ בְּחָזָ֣ק יָב֔וֹא וּזְרֹע֖וֹ מֹ֣שְׁלָה ל֑וֹ הִנֵּ֤ה שְׂכָרוֹ֙ אִתּ֔וֹ וּפְעֻלָּת֖וֹ לְפָנָֽיו׃

Transliteration

hinnēh ʾădōnāy YHWH běḥāzāq yābôʾ ûzěrōʿô mōšělāh lô hinnēh śěkārô ʾittô ûpěʿullātô lěpānāyw

Grammar Details

• *hinnēh*: interjection - 'behold'
• *ʾădōnāy*: noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - 'my Lord'
• *YHWH*: divine name - 'LORD'
• *běḥāzāq*: preposition + adjective, masculine singular - 'with strength'
• *yābôʾ*: qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he will come'
• *ûzěrōʿô*: conjunction + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'and his arm'
• *mōšělāh*: qal participle, feminine singular - 'ruling'
• *lô*: preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'for him'
• *śěkārô*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his reward'
• *ʾittô*: preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'with him'
• *ûpěʿullātô*: conjunction + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'and his recompense'
• *lěpānāyw*: preposition + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'before him'

Word Meanings

• *běḥāzāq*: with strength/mightily/powerfully
• *zěrōʿô mōšělāh lô*: his arm rules for him/his arm governs for him
• *śěkārô*: his reward/his wage
• *pěʿullātô*: his recompense/his work/his wage

Referenced Verses

• Rev 22:12 : 12 (Look! I am coming soon, and my reward is with me to pay each one according to what he has done!
• Isa 62:11 : 11 Look, the LORD announces to the entire earth:“Say to Daughter Zion,‘Look, your deliverer comes! Look, his reward is with him and his reward goes before him!’”
• Ps 110:6 : 6 He executes judgment against the nations; he fills the valleys with corpses; he shatters their heads over the vast battlefield.
• Isa 9:6-7 : 6 For a child has been born to us, a son has been given to us. He shoulders responsibility and is called: Amazing Adviser, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. 7 His dominion will be vast and he will bring immeasurable prosperity. He will rule on David’s throne and over David’s kingdom, establishing it and strengthening it by promoting justice and fairness, from this time forward and forevermore. The zeal of the LORD of Heaven’s Armies will accomplish this.
• Isa 49:4 : 4 But I thought,“I have worked in vain; I have expended my energy for absolutely nothing.” But the LORD will vindicate me; my God will reward me.
• Zech 2:8-9 : 8 For the LORD of Heaven’s Armies says to me that for his own glory he has sent me to the nations that plundered you– for anyone who touches you touches the pupil of his eye. 9 “Yes, look here, I am about to punish them so that they will be looted by their own slaves.” Then you will know that the LORD of Heaven’s Armies has sent me. 10 “Sing out and be happy, Zion my daughter! For look, I have come; I will settle in your midst,” says the LORD. 11 “Many nations will join themselves to the LORD on the day of salvation, and they will also be my people. Indeed, I will settle in the midst of you all.” Then you will know that the LORD of Heaven’s Armies has sent me to you.
• Matt 28:18 : 18 Then Jesus came up and said to them,“All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me.
• 1 John 3:8 : 8 The one who practices sin is of the devil, because the devil has been sinning from the beginning. For this purpose the Son of God was revealed: to destroy the works of the devil.
• Rev 17:14 : 14 They will make war with the Lamb, but the Lamb will conquer them, because he is Lord of lords and King of kings, and those accompanying the Lamb are the called, chosen, and faithful.”
• Isa 59:15-60:22 : 15 Honesty has disappeared; the one who tries to avoid evil is robbed. The LORD watches and is displeased, for there is no justice. 16 The Lord Intervenes He sees there is no advocate; he is shocked that no one intervenes. So he takes matters into his own hands; his desire for justice drives him on. 17 He wears his desire for justice like body armor, and his desire to deliver is like a helmet on his head. He puts on the garments of vengeance and wears zeal like a robe. 18 He repays them for what they have done, dispensing angry judgment to his adversaries and punishing his enemies. He repays the coastlands. 19 In the west, people respect the LORD’s reputation; in the east they recognize his splendor. For he comes like a rushing stream driven on by wind sent from the LORD. 20 “A protector comes to Zion, to those in Jacob who repent of their rebellious deeds,” says the LORD. 21 “As for me, this is my promise to them,” says the LORD.“My Spirit, who is upon you, and my words, which I have placed in your mouth, will not depart from your mouth or from the mouths of your children and descendants from this time forward,” says the LORD. 1 Zion’s Future Splendor“Arise! Shine! For your light arrives! The splendor of the LORD shines on you! 2 For, look, darkness covers the earth and deep darkness covers the nations, but the LORD shines on you; his splendor appears over you. 3 Nations come to your light, kings to your bright light. 4 Look all around you! They all gather and come to you– your sons come from far away and your daughters are escorted by guardians. 5 Then you will look and smile, you will be excited and your heart will swell with pride. For the riches of distant lands will belong to you and the wealth of nations will come to you. 6 Camel caravans will cover your roads, young camels from Midian and Ephah. All the merchants of Sheba will come, bringing gold and incense and singing praises to the LORD. 7 All the sheep of Kedar will be gathered to you; the rams of Nebaioth will be available to you as sacrifices. They will go up on my altar acceptably, and I will bestow honor on my majestic temple. 8 Who are these who float along like a cloud, who fly like doves to their shelters? 9 Indeed, the coastlands look eagerly for me, the large ships are in the lead, bringing your sons from far away, along with their silver and gold, to honor the LORD your God, the Holy One of Israel, for he has bestowed honor on you. 10 Foreigners will rebuild your walls; their kings will serve you. Even though I struck you down in my anger, I will restore my favor and have compassion on you. 11 Your gates will remain open at all times; they will not be shut during the day or at night, so that the wealth of nations may be delivered, with their kings leading the way. 12 Indeed, nations or kingdoms that do not serve you will perish; such nations will definitely be destroyed. 13 The splendor of Lebanon will come to you, its evergreens, firs, and cypresses together, to beautify my palace; I will bestow honor on my throne room. 14 The children of your oppressors will come bowing to you; all who treated you with disrespect will bow down at your feet. They will call you,‘The City of the LORD, Zion of the Holy One of Israel.’ 15 You were once abandoned and despised, with no one passing through, but I will make you a permanent source of pride and joy to coming generations. 16 You will drink the milk of nations; you will nurse at the breasts of kings. Then you will recognize that I, the LORD, am your deliverer, your protector, the Powerful One of Jacob. 17 Instead of bronze, I will bring you gold, instead of iron, I will bring you silver, instead of wood, I will bring you bronze, instead of stones, I will bring you iron. I will make prosperity your overseer, and vindication your sovereign ruler. 18 Sounds of violence will no longer be heard in your land, or the sounds of destruction and devastation within your borders. You will name your walls,‘Deliverance,’ and your gates,‘Praise.’ 19 The sun will no longer supply light for you by day, nor will the moon’s brightness shine on you; the LORD will be your permanent source of light– the splendor of your God will shine upon you. 20 Your sun will no longer set; your moon will not disappear; the LORD will be your permanent source of light; your time of sorrow will be over. 21 All of your people will be godly; they will possess the land permanently. I will plant them like a shoot; they will be the product of my labor, through whom I reveal my splendor. 22 The least of you will multiply into a thousand; the smallest of you will become a large nation. When the right time comes, I the LORD will quickly do this!”
• Rev 19:11-16 : 11 The Son of God Goes to War Then I saw heaven opened and here came a white horse! The one riding it was called“Faithful” and“True,” and with justice he judges and goes to war. 12 His eyes are like a fiery flame and there are many diadem crowns on his head. He has a name written that no one knows except himself. 13 He is dressed in clothing dipped in blood, and he is called the Word of God. 14 The armies that are in heaven, dressed in white, clean, fine linen, were following him on white horses. 15 From his mouth extends a sharp sword, so that with it he can strike the nations. He will rule them with an iron rod, and he stomps the winepress of the furious wrath of God, the All-Powerful. 16 He has a name written on his clothing and on his thigh:“King of kings and Lord of lords.”
• Rev 20:11 : 11 The Great White Throne Then I saw a large white throne and the one who was seated on it; the earth and the heaven fled from his presence, and no place was found for them.
• Rev 2:26-27 : 26 And to the one who conquers and who continues in my deeds until the end, I will give him authority over the nations– 27 he will rule them with an iron rod and like clay jars he will break them to pieces,
• John 12:13 : 13 So they took branches of palm trees and went out to meet him. They began to shout,“Hosanna! Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord! Blessed is the king of Israel!”
• John 12:15 : 15 “Do not be afraid, people of Zion; look, your king is coming, seated on a donkey’s colt!”
• Eph 1:20-22 : 20 This power he exercised in Christ when he raised him from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly realms 21 far above every rule and authority and power and dominion and every name that is named, not only in this age but also in the one to come. 22 And God put all things under Christ’s feet, and gave him to the church as head over all things.
• Phil 2:10-11 : 10 so that at the name of Jesus every knee will bow– in heaven and on earth and under the earth– 11 and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord to the glory of God the Father.
• Heb 2:14 : 14 Therefore, since the children share in flesh and blood, he likewise shared in their humanity, so that through death he could destroy the one who holds the power of death(that is, the devil),
• Mal 3:1 : 1 “I am about to send my messenger, who will clear the way before me. Indeed, the Lord you are seeking will suddenly come to his temple, and the messenger of the covenant, whom you long for, is certainly coming,” says the LORD of Heaven’s Armies.
• Ps 2:8-9 : 8 Ask me, and I will give you the nations as your inheritance, the ends of the earth as your personal property. 9 You will break them with an iron scepter; you will smash them like a potter’s jar!’”
• Ps 66:3 : 3 Say to God:“How awesome are your deeds! Because of your great power your enemies cower in fear before you.
• Ps 110:1-2 : 1 A psalm of David. Here is the LORD’s proclamation to my lord:“Sit down at my right hand until I make your enemies your footstool!” 2 The LORD extends your dominion from Zion. Rule in the midst of your enemies!
• Isa 49:24-25 : 24 Can spoils be taken from a warrior, or captives be rescued from a conqueror? 25 Indeed,” says the LORD,“captives will be taken from a warrior; spoils will be rescued from a conqueror. I will oppose your adversary and I will rescue your children.
• Isa 53:12 : 12 So I will assign him a portion with the multitudes, he will divide the spoils of victory with the powerful, because he willingly submitted to death and was numbered with the rebels, when he lifted up the sin of many and intervened on behalf of the rebels.”