Jeremiah 43:11

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

He will come and attack Egypt. Those who are destined to die of disease will die of disease. Those who are destined to be carried off into exile will be carried off into exile. Those who are destined to die in war will die in war.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּבָ֕א וְהִכָּ֖ה אֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם אֲשֶׁ֧ר לַמָּ֣וֶת לַמָּ֗וֶת וַאֲשֶׁ֤ר לַשְּׁבִי֙ לַשֶּׁ֔בִי וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר לַחֶ֖רֶב לֶחָֽרֶב׃

Transliteration

And he will come û-bāʾ and he will strike wə-hikkāh ʾet-ʾereṣ Miṣrāyim; whoever ʾăšer for the la-māwet to the la-māwet, and whoever wa-ʾăšer for the la-šəbî to the la-šebî, and whoever wa-ʾăšer for the la-ḥereb to the le-ḥāreb.

Grammar Details

• *û-bāʾ*: conjunction + verb, perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will come
• *wə-hikkāh*: conjunction + verb, perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Hiphil - and he will strike
• *ʾereṣ*: noun, feminine singular construct - land of
• *Miṣrāyim*: proper noun - Egypt
• *ʾăšer*: relative pronoun - who/that/which
• *la-māwet*: preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - for/to death
• *la-šəbî*: preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - for/to captivity
• *wa-ʾăšer*: conjunction + relative pronoun - and who/that/which
• *la-ḥereb*: preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - for/to sword

Word Meanings

• *bāʾ*: come/arrive/enter
• *hikkāh*: strike/smite/attack
• *māwet*: death/dying/plague
• *šəbî*: captivity/exile/imprisonment
• *ḥereb*: sword/warfare/violence

Referenced Verses

• Jer 15:2 : 2 If they ask you,‘Where should we go?’ tell them the LORD says this:“Those who are destined to die of disease will go to death by disease. Those who are destined to die in war will go to death in war. Those who are destined to die of starvation will go to death by starvation. Those who are destined to go into exile will go into exile.”
• Jer 44:13 : 13 I will punish those who live in the land of Egypt with war, starvation, and disease just as I punished Jerusalem.
• Ezek 29:19-20 : 19 Therefore this is what the Sovereign LORD says: Look, I am about to give the land of Egypt to King Nebuchadrezzar of Babylon. He will carry off her wealth, capture her loot, and seize her plunder; it will be his army’s wages. 20 I have given him the land of Egypt as his compensation for attacking Tyre, because they did it for me, declares the Sovereign LORD.
• Jer 25:19 : 19 I made all of these other people drink it: Pharaoh, king of Egypt; his attendants, his officials, his people,
• Isa 19:1-9 : 1 The Lord Will Judge Egypt This is an oracle about Egypt: Look, the LORD rides on a swift-moving cloud and approaches Egypt. The idols of Egypt tremble before him; the Egyptians lose their courage. 2 “I will provoke civil strife in Egypt, brothers will fight with each other, as will neighbors, cities, and kingdoms. 3 The Egyptians will panic, and I will confuse their strategy. They will seek guidance from the idols and from the spirits of the dead, from the pits used to conjure up underworld spirits, and from the magicians. 4 I will hand Egypt over to a harsh master; a powerful king will rule over them,” says the Sovereign LORD of Heaven’s Armies. 5 The water of the sea will be dried up, and the river will dry up and be empty. 6 The canals will stink; the streams of Egypt will trickle and then dry up; the bulrushes and reeds will decay, 7 along with the plants by the mouth of the river. All the cultivated land near the river will turn to dust and be blown away. 8 The fishermen will mourn and lament, all those who cast a fishhook into the river, and those who spread out a net on the water’s surface will grieve. 9 Those who make clothes from combed flax will be embarrassed; those who weave will turn pale. 10 Those who make cloth will be demoralized; all the hired workers will be depressed. 11 The officials of Zoan are nothing but fools; Pharaoh’s wise advisers give stupid advice. How dare you say to Pharaoh,“I am one of the sages, one well-versed in the writings of the ancient kings?” 12 But where, oh where, are your wise men? Let them tell you, let them find out what the LORD of Heaven’s Armies has planned for Egypt. 13 The officials of Zoan are fools, the officials of Memphis are misled; the rulers of her tribes lead Egypt astray. 14 The LORD has made them undiscerning; they lead Egypt astray in all she does, so that she is like a drunk sliding around in his own vomit. 15 Egypt will not be able to do a thing, head or tail, shoots or stalk. 16 At that time the Egyptians will be like women. They will tremble and fear because the LORD of Heaven’s Armies brandishes his fist against them. 17 The land of Judah will humiliate Egypt. Everyone who hears about Judah will be afraid because of what the LORD of Heaven’s Armies is planning to do to them. 18 At that time five cities in the land of Egypt will speak the language of Canaan and swear allegiance to the LORD of Heaven’s Armies. One will be called the City of the Sun. 19 At that time there will be an altar for the LORD in the middle of the land of Egypt, as well as a sacred pillar dedicated to the LORD at its border. 20 It will become a visual reminder in the land of Egypt of the LORD of Heaven’s Armies. When they cry out to the LORD because of oppressors, he will send them a deliverer and defender who will rescue them. 21 The LORD will reveal himself to the Egyptians, and they will acknowledge the LORD’s authority at that time. They will present sacrifices and offerings; they will make vows to the LORD and fulfill them. 22 The LORD will strike Egypt, striking and then healing them. They will turn to the LORD and he will listen to their prayers and heal them. 23 At that time there will be a highway from Egypt to Assyria. The Assyrians will visit Egypt, and the Egyptians will visit Assyria. The Egyptians and Assyrians will worship together. 24 At that time Israel will be the third member of the group, along with Egypt and Assyria, and will be a recipient of blessing in the earth. 25 The LORD of Heaven’s Armies will pronounce a blessing over the earth, saying,“Blessed be my people, Egypt, and the work of my hands, Assyria, and my special possession, Israel!”
• Zech 11:9 : 9 I then said,“I will not shepherd you. What is to die, let it die, and what is to be eradicated, let it be eradicated. As for those who survive, let them eat each other’s flesh!”
• Job 20:29 : 29 Such is the lot God allots the wicked, and the heritage of his appointment from God.”
• Ezek 30:1-9 : 1 A Lament Over Egypt The LORD’s message came to me: 2 “Son of man, prophesy and say,‘This is what the Sovereign LORD says:“‘Wail,“Alas, the day is here!” 3 For the day is near, the day of the LORD is near; it will be a day of storm clouds, it will be a time of judgment for the nations. 4 A sword will come against Egypt and panic will overtake Ethiopia when the slain fall in Egypt and they carry away her wealth and dismantle her foundations. 5 Ethiopia, Put, Lud, all the foreigners, Libya, and the people of the covenant land will die by the sword along with them. 6 “‘This is what the LORD says: Egypt’s supporters will fall; her confident pride will crumble. From Migdol to Syene they will die by the sword within her, declares the Sovereign LORD. 7 They will be desolate among desolate lands, and their cities will be among ruined cities. 8 They will know that I am the LORD when I ignite a fire in Egypt and all her allies are defeated. 9 On that day messengers will go out from me in ships to frighten overly confident Ethiopia; panic will overtake them on the day of Egypt’s doom; for beware– it is coming! 10 “‘This is what the Sovereign LORD says: I will put an end to the hordes of Egypt, by the hand of King Nebuchadrezzar of Babylon. 11 He and his people with him, the most terrifying of the nations, will be brought there to destroy the land. They will draw their swords against Egypt, and fill the land with corpses. 12 I will dry up the waterways and hand the land over to evil men. I will make the land and everything in it desolate by the hand of foreigners. I, the LORD, have spoken! 13 “‘This is what the Sovereign LORD says: I will destroy the idols, and put an end to the gods of Memphis. There will no longer be a prince from the land of Egypt; so I will make the land of Egypt fearful. 14 I will desolate Pathros, I will ignite a fire in Zoan, and I will execute judgments on Thebes. 15 I will pour out my anger upon Pelusium, the stronghold of Egypt; I will cut off the hordes of Thebes. 16 I will ignite a fire in Egypt; Syene will writhe in agony, Thebes will be broken down, and Memphis will face enemies every day. 17 The young men of On and of Pi-beseth will die by the sword; and the cities will go into captivity. 18 In Tahpanhes the day will be dark when I break the yoke of Egypt there. Her confident pride will cease within her; a cloud will cover her, and her daughters will go into captivity. 19 I will execute judgments on Egypt. Then they will know that I am the LORD.’” 20 In the eleventh year, in the first month, on the seventh day of the month, the LORD’s message came to me: 21 “Son of man, I have broken the arm of Pharaoh king of Egypt. Look, it has not been bandaged for healing or set with a dressing so that it might become strong enough to grasp a sword. 22 Therefore this is what the Sovereign LORD says: Look, I am against Pharaoh king of Egypt, and I will break his arms, the strong arm and the broken one, and I will make the sword drop from his hand. 23 I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations, and disperse them among foreign countries. 24 I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon, and I will place my sword in his hand, but I will break the arms of Pharaoh, and he will groan like the fatally wounded before the king of Babylon. 25 I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon, but the arms of Pharaoh will fall limp. Then they will know that I am the LORD when I place my sword in the hand of the king of Babylon and he extends it against the land of Egypt. 26 I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations and disperse them among foreign countries. Then they will know that I am the LORD.”
• Jer 46:1-9 : 1 Prophecies Against Foreign Nations This was the LORD’s message to the prophet Jeremiah about the nations. 2 The Prophecy about Egypt’s Defeat at Carchemish He spoke about Egypt and the army of Pharaoh Necho king of Egypt which was encamped along the Euphrates River at Carchemish. Now this was the army that King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon defeated in the fourth year that Jehoiakim son of Josiah was ruling over Judah. 3 “Fall into ranks with your shields ready! Prepare to march into battle! 4 Harness the horses to the chariots! Mount your horses! Take your positions with helmets on! Ready your spears! Put on the armor! 5 “What do I see! The soldiers are frightened. They are retreating. They are being scattered. They have fled for refuge without looking back. Terror is all around them,” says the LORD. 6 But even the swiftest cannot get away. Even the strongest cannot escape. There in the north by the Euphrates River they have stumbled and fallen in defeat. 7 Who is this that rises like the Nile, like its streams turbulent at flood stage? 8 Egypt rises like the Nile, like its streams turbulent at flood stage. Egypt said,‘I will arise and cover the earth. I will destroy cities and the people who inhabit them.’ 9 Go ahead and charge into battle, you horsemen! Drive furiously, you charioteers! Let the soldiers march out into battle, those from Ethiopia and Libya who carry shields, and those from Lydia who are armed with the bow. 10 But that day belongs to the Sovereign LORD of Heaven’s Armies. It is a day of reckoning, when he will pay back his adversaries. His sword will devour them until its appetite is satisfied! It will drink its fill from their blood! Indeed it will be a sacrifice for the Sovereign LORD of Heaven’s Armies in the land of the north by the Euphrates River. 11 Go up to Gilead and get medicinal ointment, you dear poor people of Egypt. But it will prove useless no matter how much medicine you use; there will be no healing for you. 12 The nations have heard of your shameful defeat. Your cries of distress fill the earth. One soldier has stumbled over another and both of them have fallen down defeated.” 13 The Lord Predicts that Nebuchadnezzar Will Attack and Plunder Egypt The LORD spoke to the prophet Jeremiah about Nebuchadnezzar coming to attack the land of Egypt. 14 “Make an announcement throughout Egypt. Proclaim it in Migdol, Memphis, and Tahpanhes.‘Take your positions and prepare to do battle. For the enemy army is destroying all the nations around you.’ 15 Why will your soldiers be defeated? They will not stand because I, the LORD, will thrust them down. 16 I will make many stumble. They will fall over one another in their hurry to flee. They will say,‘Get up! Let’s go back to our own people. Let’s go back to our homelands because the enemy is coming to destroy us.’ 17 There at home they will say,‘Pharaoh king of Egypt is just a big noise! He has let the most opportune moment pass by.’ 18 I the King, whose name is the LORD of Heaven’s Armies, swear this: I swear as surely as I live that a conqueror is coming. He will be as imposing as Mount Tabor is among the mountains, as Mount Carmel is against the backdrop of the sea. 19 Pack your bags for exile, you inhabitants of poor dear Egypt. For Memphis will be laid waste. It will lie in ruins and be uninhabited. 20 Egypt is like a beautiful young cow. But northern armies will attack her like swarms of stinging flies. 21 Even her mercenaries will prove to be like pampered, well-fed calves. For they too will turn and run away. They will not stand their ground when the time for them to be destroyed comes, the time for them to be punished. 22 Egypt will run away, hissing like a snake, as the enemy comes marching up in force. They will come against her with axes as if they were woodsmen chopping down trees. 23 The population of Egypt is like a vast, impenetrable forest. But I, the LORD, affirm that the enemy will cut them down. For those who chop them down will be more numerous than locusts. They will be too numerous to count. 24 Poor dear Egypt will be put to shame. She will be handed over to the people from the north.” 25 The LORD of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel says,“I will punish Amon, the god of Thebes. I will punish Egypt, its gods, and its kings. I will punish Pharaoh and all who trust in him. 26 I will hand them over to Nebuchadnezzar and his troops, who want to kill them. But later on, people will live in Egypt again as they did in former times. I, the LORD, affirm it!”
• Ezek 5:12 : 12 A third of your people will die of plague or be overcome by the famine within you. A third of your people will fall by the sword surrounding you, and a third I will scatter to the winds. I will unleash a sword behind them.