2 Corinthians 3:14

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

but their minds were hardened, for unto this day the same vail at the reading of the Old Covenant doth remain unwithdrawn -- which in Christ is being made useless --

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ἀλλʼ ἐπωρώθη τὰ νοήματα αὐτῶν: ἄχρι γὰρ τῆς σήμερον τὸ αὐτὸ κάλυμμα ἐπὶ τῇ ἀναγνώσει τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης μένει μὴ ἀνακαλυπτόμενον· ὅτι ἐν Χριστῷ καταργεῖται.

Transliteration

But epōrōthē the noēmata of them: until for the sēmeron the same kalymma upon the anagnōsei of the palaias diathēkēs menei not anakalyptomenon; because in Christō it katargeitai.

Grammar Details

• *epōrōthē*: aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - were hardened
• *noēmata*: noun, nominative plural neuter - minds/thoughts
• *sēmeron*: adverb - today
• *kalymma*: noun, nominative singular neuter - veil/covering
• *anagnōsei*: noun, dative singular feminine - reading
• *palaias*: adjective, genitive singular feminine - old
• *diathēkēs*: noun, genitive singular feminine - of covenant/testament
• *menei*: present active indicative, 3rd person singular - remains
• *anakalyptomenon*: present passive participle, nominative singular neuter - being unveiled/uncovered
• *Christō*: noun, dative singular masculine - in Christ
• *katargeitai*: present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is abolished/done away

Word Meanings

• *epōrōthē*: were hardened/became dull/were blinded
• *noēmata*: minds/thoughts/understandings/perceptions
• *kalymma*: veil/covering
• *anagnōsei*: reading/recitation
• *palaias*: old/ancient/former
• *diathēkēs*: covenant/testament/contract
• *menei*: remains/abides/continues
• *anakalyptomenon*: being unveiled/uncovered/revealed
• *katargeitai*: is abolished/done away/removed/rendered ineffective

Referenced Verses

• 2 Cor 4:3-4 : 3 and if also our good news is vailed, in those perishing it is vailed, 4 in whom the god of this age did blind the minds of the unbelieving, that there doth not shine forth to them the enlightening of the good news of the glory of the Christ, who is the image of God;
• Rom 11:25 : 25 For I do not wish you to be ignorant, brethren, of this secret -- that ye may not be wise in your own conceits -- that hardness in part to Israel hath happened till the fulness of the nations may come in;
• Acts 26:18 : 18 to open their eyes, to turn `them' from darkness to light, and `from' the authority of the Adversary unto God, for their receiving forgiveness of sins, and a lot among those having been sanctified, by faith that `is' toward me.
• Acts 16:14 : 14 and a certain woman, by name Lydia, a seller of purple, of the city of Thyatira, worshipping God, was hearing, whose heart the Lord did open to attend to the things spoken by Paul;
• 2 Cor 4:6 : 6 because `it is' God who said, Out of darkness light `is' to shine, who did shine in our hearts, for the enlightening of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.
• Eph 1:17-20 : 17 that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of the glory, may give to you a spirit of wisdom and revelation in the recognition of him, 18 the eyes of your understanding being enlightened, for your knowing what is the hope of His calling, and what the riches of the glory of His inheritance in the saints, 19 and what the exceeding greatness of His power to us who are believing, according to the working of the power of His might, 20 which He wrought in the Christ, having raised him out of the dead, and did set `him' at His right hand in the heavenly `places',
• Rom 11:7-9 : 7 What then? What Israel doth seek after, this it did not obtain, and the chosen did obtain, and the rest were hardened, 8 according as it hath been written, `God gave to them a spirit of deep sleep, eyes not to see, and ears not to hear,' -- unto this very day, 9 and David saith, `Let their table become for a snare, and for a trap, and for a stumbling-block, and for a recompense to them; 10 let their eyes be darkened -- not to behold, and their back do Thou always bow down.'
• Ps 69:23 : 23 Darkened are their eyes from seeing, And their loins continually shake Thou.
• Isa 6:10 : 10 Declare fat the heart of this people, And its ears declare heavy, And its eyes declare dazzled, Lest it see with its eyes, And with its ears hear, and its heart consider, And it hath turned back, and hath health.'
• Isa 25:7 : 7 And swallowed up hath He in this mountain The face of the wrapping that is wrapped over all the peoples, And of the covering that is spread over all the nations.
• Isa 26:10-12 : 10 The wicked findeth favour, He hath not learned righteousness, In a land of straightforwardness he dealeth perversely, And seeth not the excellency of Jehovah. 11 O Jehovah, high `is' Thy hand -- they see not, They see the zeal of the people, and are ashamed, Also, the fire -- Thine adversaries, consumeth them. 12 O Jehovah, Thou appointest peace to us, For, all our works also Thou hast wrought for us.
• Isa 42:18-20 : 18 Ye deaf, hear; and ye blind, look to see. 19 Who `is' blind but My servant? And deaf as My messenger I send? Who `is' blind as he who is at peace, Yea, blind, as the servant of Jehovah? 20 Seeing many things, and thou observest not, Opening ears, and he heareth not.
• Isa 44:18 : 18 They have not known, nor do they understand, For He hath daubed their eyes from seeing, Their heart from acting wisely.
• Isa 56:10 : 10 Blind `are' his watchmen -- all of them, They have not known, All of them `are' dumb dogs, they are not able to bark, Dozing, lying down, loving to slumber.
• Isa 59:10 : 10 We feel like the blind `for' the wall, Yea, as without eyes we feel, We have stumbled at noon as at twilight, In desolate places as the dead.
• Jer 5:21 : 21 Hear ye, I pray you, this, O people, foolish and without heart, Eyes they have, and they see not, Ears they have, and they hear not.
• Matt 6:23 : 23 but if thine eye may be evil, all thy body shall be dark; if, therefore, the light that `is' in thee is darkness -- the darkness, how great!
• Matt 13:11 : 11 And he answering said to them that -- `To you it hath been given to know the secrets of the reign of the heavens, and to these it hath not been given,
• Matt 13:13-15 : 13 `Because of this, in similes do I speak to them, because seeing they do not see, and hearing they do not hear, nor understand, 14 and fulfilled on them is the prophecy of Isaiah, that saith, With hearing ye shall hear, and ye shall not understand, and seeing ye shall see, and ye shall not perceive, 15 for made gross was the heart of this people, and with the ears they heard heavily, and their eyes they did close, lest they might see with the eyes, and with the ears might hear, and with the heart understand, and turn back, and I might heal them.
• Matt 16:17 : 17 And Jesus answering said to him, `Happy art thou, Simon Bar-Jona, because flesh and blood did not reveal `it' to thee, but my Father who is in the heavens.
• Luke 18:31-34 : 31 And having taken the twelve aside, he said unto them, `Lo, we go up to Jerusalem, and all things shall be completed -- that have been written through the prophets -- to the Son of Man, 32 for he shall be delivered up to the nations, and shall be mocked, and insulted, and spit upon, 33 and having scourged they shall put him to death, and on the third day he shall rise again.' 34 And they none of these things understood, and this saying was hid from them, and they were not knowing the things said.
• Luke 24:25-27 : 25 And he said unto them, `O inconsiderate and slow in heart, to believe on all that the prophets spake! 26 Was it not behoving the Christ these things to suffer, and to enter into his glory?' 27 and having begun from Moses, and from all the prophets, he was expounding to them in all the Writings the things about himself.
• Luke 24:44-46 : 44 and he said to them, `These `are' the words that I spake unto you, being yet with you, that it behoveth to be fulfilled all the things that are written in the Law of Moses, and the Prophets, and the Psalms, about me.' 45 Then opened he up their understanding to understand the Writings, 46 and he said to them -- `Thus it hath been written, and thus it was behoving the Christ to suffer, and to rise out of the dead the third day,
• John 8:12 : 12 Again, therefore, Jesus spake to them, saying, `I am the light of the world; he who is following me shall not walk in the darkness, but he shall have the light of the life.'
• John 9:39-41 : 39 And Jesus said, `For judgment I to this world did come, that those not seeing may see, and those seeing may become blind.' 40 And those of the Pharisees who were with him heard these things, and they said to him, `Are we also blind?' 41 Jesus said to them, `If ye were blind, ye were not having had sin, but now ye say -- We see, therefore doth your sin remain.
• John 12:40 : 40 `He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart, that they might not see with the eyes, and understand with the heart, and turn back, and I might heal them;'
• John 12:46 : 46 I a light to the world have come, that every one who is believing in me -- in the darkness may not remain;
• Acts 13:15 : 15 and after the reading of the law and of the prophets, the chief men of the synagogue sent unto them, saying, `Men, brethren, if there be a word in you of exhortation unto the people -- say on.'
• Ezek 12:2 : 2 `Son of man, in the midst of the rebellious house thou art dwelling, that have eyes to see, and they have not seen; ears they have to hear, and they have not heard; for a rebellious house `are' they.
• Acts 28:26-27 : 26 saying, Go on unto this people and say, With hearing ye shall hear, and ye shall not understand, and seeing ye shall see, and ye shall not perceive, 27 for made gross was the heart of this people, and with the ears they heard heavily, and their eyes they did close, lest they may see with the eyes, and with the heart may understand, and be turned back, and I may heal them.
• 2 Cor 3:6 : 6 who also made us sufficient `to be' ministrants of a new covenant, not of letter, but of spirit; for the letter doth kill, and the spirit doth make alive.