Exodus 15:21

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

and Miriam answereth to them: -- `Sing ye to Jehovah, For Triumphing He hath triumphed; The horse and its rider He hath thrown into the sea!'

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַתַּ֥עַן לָהֶ֖ם מִרְיָ֑ם שִׁ֤ירוּ לַֽיהוָה֙ כִּֽי־גָאֹ֣ה גָּאָ֔ה ס֥וּס וְרֹכְב֖וֹ רָמָ֥ה בַיָּֽם׃

Transliteration

wattaʿan lāhem Miryām šîrū la-YHWH kî-ḡāʾōh gāʾāh sūs wərōḵəḇô rāmāh bayyām

Grammar Details

• *wattaʿan*: conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she answered
• *lāhem*: preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them
• *Miryām*: proper noun - Miriam
• *šîrū*: qal imperative, masculine plural - sing
• *la-YHWH*: preposition + divine name - to YHWH
• *kî*: conjunction - for, because
• *ḡāʾōh*: infinitive absolute - exalting
• *gāʾāh*: qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has exalted
• *sūs*: noun, masculine singular - horse
• *wərōḵəḇô*: conjunction + qal participle, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and its rider
• *rāmāh*: qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has thrown
• *bayyām*: preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - into the sea

Word Meanings

• *wattaʿan*: answered/responded/sang
• *ḡāʾōh gāʾāh*: highly exalted/gloriously triumphed
• *rāmāh*: thrown/hurled/cast

Referenced Verses

• Exod 15:1 : 1 Then singeth Moses and the sons of Israel this song to Jehovah, and they speak, saying: -- `I sing to Jehovah, For triumphing He hath triumphed; The horse and its rider He hath thrown into the sea.
• Judg 5:3 : 3 Hear, ye kings; give ear, ye princes, I, to Jehovah, I -- I do sing, I sing praise to Jehovah, God of Israel.
• 1 Sam 18:7 : 7 and the women answer -- those playing, and say, `Saul hath smitten among his thousands, And David among his myriads.'
• 2 Chr 5:13 : 13 yea, it cometh to pass, as one `are' trumpeters and singers, to sound -- one voice -- to praise and to give thanks to Jehovah, and at the lifting up of the sound with trumpets, and with cymbals, and with instruments of song, and at giving praise to Jehovah, for good, for to the age `is' His kindness, that the house is filled with a cloud -- the house of Jehovah,
• Ps 24:7-9 : 7 Lift up, O gates, your heads, And be lifted up, O doors age-during, And come in doth the king of glory! 8 Who `is' this -- `the king of glory?' Jehovah -- strong and mighty, Jehovah, the mighty in battle. 9 Lift up, O gates, your heads, And be lifted up, O doors age-during, And come in doth the king of glory! 10 Who `is' He -- this `king of glory?' Jehovah of hosts -- He `is' the king of glory! Selah.
• Ps 134:1-3 : 1 A Song of the Ascents. Lo, bless Jehovah, all servants of Jehovah, Who are standing in the house of Jehovah by night. 2 Lift up your hands `in' the sanctuary, And bless ye Jehovah. 3 Jehovah doth bless thee out of Zion, The maker of the heavens and earth!
• Isa 5:1-9 : 1 Let me sing, I pray you, for my beloved, A song of my beloved as to his vineyard: My beloved hath a vineyard in a fruitful hill, 2 And he fenceth it, and casteth out its stones, And planteth it `with' a choice vine, And buildeth a tower in its midst, And also a wine press hath hewn out in it, And he waiteth for the yielding of grapes, And it yieldeth bad ones! 3 And now, O inhabitant of Jerusalem, and man of Judah, Judge, I pray you, between me and my vineyard. 4 What -- to do still to my vineyard, That I have not done in it! Wherefore, I waited to the yielding of grapes, And it yieldeth bad ones! 5 And now, pray, let me cause you to know, That which I am doing to my vineyard, To turn aside its hedge, And it hath been for consumption, To break down its wall, And it hath been for a treading-place. 6 And I make it a waste, It is not pruned, nor arranged, And gone up have brier and thorn, And on the thick clouds I lay a charge, From raining upon it rain. 7 Because the vineyard of Jehovah of Hosts `Is' the house of Israel, And the man of Judah His pleasant plant, And He waiteth for judgment, and lo, oppression, For righteousness, and lo, a cry. 8 Wo `to' those joining house to house, Field to field they bring near, till there is no place, And ye have been settled by yourselves In the midst of the land! 9 By the weapons of Jehovah of Hosts Do not many houses a desolation become? Great and good without inhabitant! 10 For ten acres of vineyard do yield one bath, And an homer of seed yieldeth an ephah. 11 Wo `to' those rising early in the morning, Strong drink they pursue! Tarrying in twilight, wine inflameth them! 12 And harp, and psaltery, tabret, and pipe, And wine, have been their banquets, And the work of Jehovah they behold not, Yea, the work of His hands they have not seen. 13 Therefore my people removed without knowledge, And its honourable ones are famished, And its multitude dried up of thirst. 14 Therefore hath Sheol enlarged herself, And hath opened her mouth without limit. And gone down hath its honour, and its multitude, And its noise, and its exulting one -- into her. 15 And bowed down is the low, and humbled the high, And the eyes of the haughty become low, 16 And Jehovah of Hosts is high in judgment, And the Holy God sanctified in righteousness, 17 And fed have lambs according to their leading, And waste places of the fat ones Do sojourners consume. 18 Wo `to' those drawing out iniquity with cords of vanity, And as `with' thick ropes of the cart -- sin. 19 Who are saying, `Let Him hurry, Let Him hasten His work, that we may see, And let the counsel of the Holy One of Israel Draw near and come, and we know.' 20 Wo `to' those saying to evil `good,' And to good `evil,' Putting darkness for light, and light for darkness, Putting bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter. 21 Wo `to' the wise in their own eyes, And -- before their own faces -- intelligent! 22 Wo `to' the mighty to drink wine, And men of strength to mingle strong drink. 23 Declaring righteous the wicked for a bribe, And the righteousness of the righteous They turn aside from him. 24 Therefore, as a tongue of fire devoureth stubble, And flaming hay falleth, Their root is as muck, And their flower as dust goeth up. Because they have rejected the law of Jehovah of Hosts, And the saying of the Holy One of Israel despised. 25 Therefore hath the anger of Jehovah burned among His people, And He stretcheth out His hand against it, And smiteth it, and the mountains tremble, And their carcase is as filth in the midst of the out-places. With all this His anger did not turn back, And still His hand is stretched out! 26 And He lifted up an ensign to nations afar off, And hissed to it from the end of the earth, And lo, with haste, swift it cometh. 27 There is none weary, nor stumbling in it, It doth not slumber, nor sleep, Nor opened hath been the girdle of its loins, Nor drawn away the latchet of its sandals. 28 Whose arrows `are' sharp, and all its bows bent, Hoofs of its horses as flint have been reckoned, And its wheels as a hurricane! 29 Its roaring `is' like a lioness, It roareth like young lions, And it howleth, and seizeth prey, And carrieth away safely, and there is none delivering. 30 And it howleth against it in that day as the howling of a sea, And it hath looked attentively to the land, And lo, darkness -- distress, And light hath been darkened by its abundance!
• Rev 5:9 : 9 and they sing a new song, saying, `Worthy art thou to take the scroll, and to open the seals of it, because thou wast slain, and didst redeem us to God in thy blood, out of every tribe, and tongue, and people, and nation,
• Rev 7:10-12 : 10 and crying with a great voice, saying, `The salvation `is' to Him who is sitting upon the throne -- to our God, and to the Lamb!' 11 And all the messengers stood around the throne, and the elders and the four living creatures, and they fell upon their face, and bowed before God, 12 saying, `Amen! the blessing, and the glory, and the wisdom, and the thanksgiving, and the honour, and the power, and the strength, `are' to our God -- to the ages of the ages! Amen!'
• Rev 15:3 : 3 and they sing the song of Moses, servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying, `Great and wonderful `are' Thy works, O Lord God, the Almighty, righteous and true `are' Thy ways, O King of saints,
• Rev 19:1-6 : 1 And after these things I heard a great voice of a great multitude in the heaven, saying, `Alleluia! the salvation, and the glory, and the honour, and the power, `is' to the Lord our God; 2 because true and righteous `are' His judgments, because He did judge the great whore who did corrupt the earth in her whoredom, and He did avenge the blood of His servants at her hand;' 3 and a second time they said, `Alleluia;' and her smoke doth come up -- to the ages of the ages! 4 And fall down did the elders -- the twenty and four -- and the four living creatures, and they did bow before God who is sitting upon the throne, saying, `Amen, Alleluia.' 5 And a voice out of the throne did come forth, saying, `Praise our God, all ye His servants, and those fearing Him, both the small and the great;' 6 and I heard as the voice of a great multitude, and as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of mighty thunderings, saying, `Alleluia! because reign did the Lord God -- the Almighty!
• Rev 14:3 : 3 and they sing, as it were, a new song before the throne, and before the four living creatures, and the elders, and no one was able to learn the song except the hundred forty-four thousands, who have been bought from the earth;