John 4:10

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

Jesus answered and said to her, `If thou hadst known the gift of God, and who it is who is saying to thee, Give me to drink, thou wouldest have asked him, and he would have given thee living water.'

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ἀπεκρίθη Ἰησοῦς καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῇ, Εἰ ᾔδεις τὴν δωρεὰν τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ τίς ἐστιν ὁ λέγων σοι, Δός μοι πιεῖν· σὺ ἂν ᾔτησας αὐτόν, καὶ ἔδωκεν ἄν σοι ὕδωρ ζῶν.

Transliteration

Apekrithē Iēsous and eipen autē, If you ēdeis the dōrean of the Theou, and who estin the one legōn to you, Dos moi piein; you an ētēsas him, and he edōken an to you hydōr zōn.

Grammar Details

• *Apekrithē*: aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular - answered/replied [completed action]
• *Iēsous*: nominative masculine singular - Jesus
• *eipen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said [completed action]
• *autē*: dative feminine singular - to her
• *ēdeis*: pluperfect active indicative, 2nd singular - you had known
• *dōrean*: accusative feminine singular - gift/present
• *Theou*: genitive masculine singular - God
• *estin*: present active indicative, 3rd singular - is
• *legōn*: present active participle, nominative masculine singular - saying/speaking
• *Dos*: aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - give
• *moi*: dative 1st singular pronoun - to me
• *piein*: aorist active infinitive - to drink
• *an*: conditional particle - would [with indicative]
• *ētēsas*: aorist active indicative, 2nd singular - you would have asked
• *edōken*: aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - he would have given
• *hydōr*: accusative neuter singular - water
• *zōn*: present active participle, accusative neuter singular - living

Word Meanings

• *dōrean*: gift/present/free gift
• *ēdeis*: had known/understood/perceived
• *zōn*: living/alive/flowing/fresh

Referenced Verses

• Jer 2:13 : 13 For two evils hath My people done, Me they have forsaken, a fountain of living waters, To hew out for themselves wells -- broken wells, That contain not the waters.
• John 4:14 : 14 but whoever may drink of the water that I will give him, may not thirst -- to the age; and the water that I will give him shall become in him a well of water, springing up to life age-during.'
• Rev 22:17 : 17 And the Spirit and the Bride say, Come; and he who is hearing -- let him say, Come; and he who is thirsting -- let him come; and he who is willing -- let him take the water of life freely.
• Rev 21:6 : 6 and He said to me, `It hath been done! I am the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End; I, to him who is thirsting, will give of the fountain of the water of the life freely;
• Rev 7:17 : 17 because the Lamb that `is' in the midst of the throne shall feed them, and shall lead them unto living fountains of waters, and wipe away shall God every tear from their eyes.'
• John 7:37-39 : 37 And in the last, the great day of the feast, Jesus stood and cried, saying, `If any one doth thirst, let him come unto me and drink; 38 he who is believing in me, according as the Writing said, Rivers out of his belly shall flow of living water;' 39 and this he said of the Spirit, which those believing in him were about to receive; for not yet was the Holy Spirit, because Jesus was not yet glorified.
• 1 Cor 10:4 : 4 and all the same spiritual drink did drink, for they were drinking of a spiritual rock following them, and the rock was the Christ;
• Zech 14:8 : 8 And it hath come to pass, in that day, Go forth do living waters from Jerusalem, Half of them unto the eastern sea, And half of them unto the western sea, In summer and in winter it is.
• John 6:35 : 35 And Jesus said to them, `I am the bread of the life; he who is coming unto me may not hunger, and he who is believing in me may not thirst -- at any time;
• John 6:51 : 51 `I am the living bread that came down out of the heaven; if any one may eat of this bread he shall live -- to the age; and the bread also that I will give is my flesh, that I will give for the life of the world.'
• Isa 44:3 : 3 For I pour waters on a thirsty one, And floods on a dry land, I pour My Spirit on thy seed, And My blessing on thine offspring.
• Rev 22:1-2 : 1 And he shewed me a pure river of water of life, bright as crystal, going forth out of the throne of God and of the Lamb: 2 in the midst of its broad place, and of the river on this side and on that, `is' a tree of life, yielding twelve fruits, in each several month rendering its fruits, and the leaves of the tree `are' for the service of the nations;
• Isa 49:10 : 10 They do not hunger, nor thirst, Nor smite them doth mirage and sun, For He who is pitying them doth lead them, And by fountains of waters doth tend them.
• Isa 55:1-3 : 1 Ho, every thirsty one, come ye to the waters, And he who hath no money, Come ye, buy and eat, yea, come, buy Without money and without price, wine and milk. 2 Why do ye weigh money for that which is not bread? And your labour for that which is not for satiety? Hearken diligently unto me, and eat good, And your soul doth delight itself in fatness. 3 Incline your ear, and come unto me, Hear, and your soul doth live, And I make for you a covenant age-during, The kind acts of David -- that are stedfast.
• Isa 12:3 : 3 And ye have drawn waters with joy Out of the fountains of salvation,
• Isa 35:6 : 6 Then leap as a hart doth the lame, And sing doth the tongue of the dumb, For broken up in a wilderness have been waters, And streams in a desert.
• John 4:25-26 : 25 The woman saith to him, `I have known that Messiah doth come, who is called Christ, when that one may come, he will tell us all things;' 26 Jesus saith to her, `I am `he', who am speaking to thee.'
• Luke 11:8-9 : 8 `I say to you, even if he will not give to him, having risen, because of his being his friend, yet because of his importunity, having risen, he will give him as many as he doth need; 9 and I say to you, Ask, and it shall be given to you; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened to you; 10 for every one who is asking doth receive; and he who is seeking doth find; and to him who is knocking it shall be opened.
• Luke 11:13 : 13 If, then, ye, being evil, have known good gifts to be giving to your children, how much more shall the Father who is from heaven give the Holy Spirit to those asking Him!'
• Luke 18:13-14 : 13 `And the tax-gatherer, having stood afar off, would not even the eyes lift up to the heaven, but was smiting on his breast, saying, God be propitious to me -- the sinner! 14 I say to you, this one went down declared righteous, to his house, rather than that one: for every one who is exalting himself shall be humbled, and he who is humbling himself shall be exalted.'
• Ps 36:8-9 : 8 They are filled from the fatness of Thy house, And the stream of Thy delights Thou dost cause them to drink. 9 For with Thee `is' a fountain of life, In Thy light we see light.
• Ps 46:4 : 4 A river -- its rivulets rejoice the city of God, Thy holy place of the tabernacles of the Most High.
• Exod 17:6 : 6 Lo, I am standing before thee there on the rock in Horeb, and thou hast smitten on the rock, and waters have come out from it, and the people have drunk.' And Moses doth so before the eyes of the elders of Israel,
• Isa 55:6-9 : 6 Seek ye Jehovah, while He is found, Call ye Him, while He is near, 7 Forsake doth the wicked his way, And the man of iniquity his thoughts, And he returneth to Jehovah, and He pitieth him, And unto our God for He multiplieth to pardon. 8 For not My thoughts `are' your thoughts, Nor your ways My ways, -- an affirmation of Jehovah, 9 For high have the heavens been above the earth, So high have been My ways above your ways, And My thoughts above your thoughts.
• Ezek 47:1-9 : 1 And he causeth me to turn back unto the opening of the house; and lo, water is coming forth from under the threshold of the house eastward, for the front of the house `is' eastward, and the water is coming down from beneath, from the right side of the house, from the south of the altar. 2 And he causeth me to go out the way of the gate northward, and causeth me to turn round the way without, unto the gate that `is' without, the way that is looking eastward, and lo, water is coming forth from the right side. 3 In the going out of the man eastward, and a line in his hand, then he measureth a thousand by the cubit, and he causeth me to pass over into water -- water to the ankles. 4 And he measureth a thousand, and causeth me to pass over into water -- water to the knees. And he measureth a thousand, and causeth me to pass over -- water to the loins. 5 And he measureth a thousand -- a stream that I am not able to pass over; for risen have the waters -- waters to swim in -- a stream that is not passed over. 6 And he saith unto me, `Hast thou seen, son of man?' and he leadeth me, and bringeth me back unto the edge of the stream. 7 In my turning back, then, lo, at the edge of the stream `are' very many trees, on this side and on that side. 8 And he saith unto me, `These waters are going forth unto the east circuit, and have gone down unto the desert, and have entered the sea; unto the sea they are brought forth, and the waters have been healed. 9 And it hath come to pass, every living creature that teemeth, whithersoever the streams come, doth live: and there hath been great abundance of fish, for these waters have come thither, and they are healed; and every thing whither the stream cometh hath lived.
• Isa 49:6-8 : 6 And He saith, `It hath been a light thing That thou art to Me for a servant To raise up the tribes of Jacob, And the preserved of Israel to bring back, And I have given thee for a light of nations, To be My salvation unto the end of the earth.' 7 Thus said Jehovah, Redeemer of Israel, His Holy One, To the despised in soul, To the abominated of a nation, To the servant of rulers: `Kings see, and have risen, princes, and worship, For the sake of Jehovah, who is faithful, The Holy of Israel, and He chooseth thee.' 8 Thus said Jehovah: `In a time of good pleasure I answered thee, And in a day of salvation I helped thee, And I keep thee, and give thee, For a covenant of the people, To establish the earth, To cause to inherit desolate inheritances.
• Isa 42:6 : 6 I, Jehovah, did call thee in righteousness, And I lay hold on thy hand, and keep thee, And I give thee for a covenant of a people, And a light of nations.
• Isa 43:20 : 20 Honour me doth the beast of the field, Dragons and daughters of an ostrich, For I have given in a wilderness waters, Floods in a desolate place, To give drink to My people -- My chosen.
• Zech 13:1 : 1 In that day there is a fountain opened To the house of David And to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, For sin and for impurity.
• Isa 9:6 : 6 For a Child hath been born to us, A Son hath been given to us, And the princely power is on his shoulder, And He doth call his name Wonderful, Counsellor, Mighty God, Father of Eternity, Prince of Peace.
• Isa 41:17-18 : 17 The poor and the needy are seeking water, And there is none, Their tongue with thirst hath failed, I, Jehovah do answer them, The God of Israel -- I forsake them not. 18 I open on high places rivers, And in midst of valleys fountains, I make a wilderness become a pond of water, And a dry land become springs of water.
• Luke 23:42-43 : 42 and he said to Jesus, `Remember me, lord, when thou mayest come in thy reign;' 43 and Jesus said to him, `Verily I say to thee, To-day with me thou shalt be in the paradise.'
• John 3:16 : 16 for God did so love the world, that His Son -- the only begotten -- He gave, that every one who is believing in him may not perish, but may have life age-during.
• 2 Cor 9:15 : 15 thanks also to God for His unspeakable gift!
• Eph 2:8 : 8 for by grace ye are having been saved, through faith, and this not of you -- of God the gift,
• 1 John 5:20 : 20 and we have known that the Son of God is come, and hath given us a mind, that we may know Him who is true, and we are in Him who is true, in His Son Jesus Christ; this one is the true God and the life age-during!
• Rev 3:17-18 : 17 because thou sayest -- I am rich, and have grown rich, and have need of nothing, and hast not known that thou art the wretched, and miserable, and poor, and blind, and naked, 18 I counsel thee to buy from me gold fired by fire, that thou mayest be rich, and white garments that thou mayest be arrayed, and the shame of thy nakedness may not be manifest, and with eye-salve anoint thine eyes, that thou mayest see.
• John 9:35-38 : 35 Jesus heard that they cast him forth without, and having found him, he said to him, `Dost thou believe in the Son of God?' 36 he answered and said, `Who is he, sir, that I may believe in him?' 37 And Jesus said to him, `Thou hast both seen him, and he who is speaking with thee is he;' 38 and he said, `I believe, sir,' and bowed before him.
• John 16:3 : 3 and these things they will do to you, because they did not know the Father, nor me.
• John 17:3 : 3 and this is the life age-during, that they may know Thee, the only true God, and him whom Thou didst send -- Jesus Christ;
• Acts 9:11 : 11 and the Lord `saith' unto him, `Having risen, go on unto the street that is called Straight, and seek in the house of Judas, `one' by name Saul of Tarsus, for, lo, he doth pray,
• Rom 8:32 : 32 He who indeed His own Son did not spare, but for us all did deliver him up, how shall He not also with him the all things grant to us?
• 1 Cor 1:30 : 30 and of Him ye -- ye are in Christ Jesus, who became to us from God wisdom, righteousness also, and sanctification, and redemption,
• 2 Chr 33:12-13 : 12 And when he is in distress he hath appeased the face of Jehovah his God, and is humbled exceedingly before the God of his fathers, 13 and prayeth unto Him, and He is entreated of him, and heareth his supplication, and bringeth him back to Jerusalem, to his kingdom, and Manasseh knoweth that Jehovah -- He `is' God.
• 2 Chr 33:18-19 : 18 And the rest of the matters of Manasseh, and his prayer unto his God, and the matters of the seers, those speaking unto him in the name of Jehovah, God of Israel, lo, they are `on the book of' the matters of the kings of Israel; 19 and his prayer, and his entreaty, and all his sin, and his trespass, and the places in which he had built high places, and established the shrines and the graven images before his being humbled, lo, they are written beside the matters of Hozai.
• Ps 10:17 : 17 The desire of the humble Thou hast heard, O Jehovah. Thou preparest their heart; Thou causest Thine ear to attend,