Mark 4:1

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

And again he began to teach by the sea, and there was gathered unto him a great multitude, so that he, having gone into the boat, sat in the sea, and all the multitude was near the sea, on the land,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

¶Καὶ πάλιν ἤρξατο διδάσκειν παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν: καὶ συνήχθη πρὸς αὐτὸν ὄχλος πολύς, ὥστε αὐτὸν ἐμβάντα εἰς τὸ πλοῖον, καθῆσθαι ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ· καὶ πᾶς ὁ ὄχλος πρὸς τὴν θάλασσαν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἦν.

Transliteration

And palin he ērxato didaskein para the thalassan: and synēchthē pros him ochlos polys, hōste him embanta into the ploion, kathēsthai in the thalassē; and all the ochlos pros the thalassan epi the gēs ēn.

Grammar Details

• *palin*: adverb - again
• *ērxato*: aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - began
• *didaskein*: present active infinitive - to teach
• *para*: preposition + accusative - beside/along
• *thalassan*: accusative, feminine, singular - sea
• *synēchthē*: aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was gathered
• *pros*: preposition + accusative - to/toward
• *ochlos*: nominative, masculine, singular - crowd
• *polys*: nominative, masculine, singular - great/many
• *hōste*: conjunction - so that
• *embanta*: aorist active participle, accusative, masculine, singular - having entered
• *ploion*: accusative, neuter, singular - boat
• *kathēsthai*: present middle infinitive - to sit
• *thalassē*: dative, feminine, singular - sea
• *epi*: preposition + genitive - on/upon
• *gēs*: genitive, feminine, singular - land/earth
• *ēn*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was

Word Meanings

• *para*: alongside/beside/near
• *synēchthē*: was gathered/assembled/came together
• *ochlos*: crowd/multitude/throng
• *hōste*: so that/with the result that
• *kathēsthai*: to sit/be seated

Referenced Verses

• Mark 2:13 : 13 And he went forth again by the sea, and all the multitude was coming unto him, and he was teaching them,
• Luke 5:1-3 : 1 And it came to pass, in the multitude pressing on him to hear the word of God, that he was standing beside the lake of Gennesaret, 2 and he saw two boats standing beside the lake, and the fishers, having gone away from them, were washing the nets, 3 and having entered into one of the boats, that was Simon's, he asked him to put back a little from the land, and having sat down, was teaching the multitudes out of the boat.
• Luke 8:4-9 : 4 And a great multitude having gathered, and those who from city and city were coming unto him, he spake by a simile: 5 `The sower went forth to sow his seed, and in his sowing some indeed fell beside the way, and it was trodden down, and the fowls of the heaven did devour it. 6 `And other fell upon the rock, and having sprung up, it did wither, through not having moisture. 7 `And other fell amidst the thorns, and the thorns having sprung up with it, did choke it. 8 `And other fell upon the good ground, and having sprung up, it made fruit an hundred fold.' These things saying, he was calling, `He having ears to hear -- let him hear.' 9 And his disciples were questioning him, saying, `What may this simile be?' 10 And he said, `To you it hath been given to know the secrets of the reign of God, and to the rest in similes; that seeing they may not see, and hearing they may not understand.
• Mark 3:7 : 7 And Jesus withdrew with his disciples unto the sea, and a great multitude from Galilee followed him, and from Judea,
• Matt 13:1-9 : 1 And in that day Jesus, having gone forth from the house, was sitting by the sea, 2 and gathered together unto him were many multitudes, so that he having gone into the boat did sit down, and all the multitude on the beach did stand, 3 and he spake to them many things in similes, saying: `Lo, the sower went forth to sow, 4 and in his sowing, some indeed fell by the way, and the fowls did come and devour them, 5 and others fell upon the rocky places, where they had not much earth, and immediately they sprang forth, through not having depth of earth, 6 and the sun having risen they were scorched, and through not having root, they withered, 7 and others fell upon the thorns, and the thorns did come up and choke them, 8 and others fell upon the good ground, and were giving fruit, some indeed a hundredfold, and some sixty, and some thirty. 9 He who is having ears to hear -- let him hear.' 10 And the disciples having come near, said to him, `Wherefore in similes dost thou speak to them?' 11 And he answering said to them that -- `To you it hath been given to know the secrets of the reign of the heavens, and to these it hath not been given, 12 for whoever hath, it shall be given to him, and he shall have overabundance, and whoever hath not, even that which he hath shall be taken from him. 13 `Because of this, in similes do I speak to them, because seeing they do not see, and hearing they do not hear, nor understand, 14 and fulfilled on them is the prophecy of Isaiah, that saith, With hearing ye shall hear, and ye shall not understand, and seeing ye shall see, and ye shall not perceive, 15 for made gross was the heart of this people, and with the ears they heard heavily, and their eyes they did close, lest they might see with the eyes, and with the ears might hear, and with the heart understand, and turn back, and I might heal them.