Matthew 6:2

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

whenever, therefore, thou mayest do kindness, thou mayest not sound a trumpet before thee as the hypocrites do, in the synagogues, and in the streets, that they may have glory from men; verily I say to you -- they have their reward!

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ὅταν οὖν ποιῇς ἐλεημοσύνην, μὴ σαλπίσῃς ἔμπροσθέν σου, ὥσπερ οἱ ὑποκριταὶ ποιοῦσιν ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς καὶ ἐν ταῖς ῥύμαις, ὅπως δοξασθῶσιν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων. Ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, Ἀπέχουσιν τὸν μισθὸν αὐτῶν.

Transliteration

Hotan oun poiēs eleēmosynēn, mē salpisēs emprosthen of you, hōsper the hypokritai poiousin in the synagōgais and in the rhymais, hopōs doxasthōsin by the anthrōpōn. Amēn legō to you, Apechousin the misthon of them.

Grammar Details

• *Hotan oun poiēs*: temporal conjunction + inferential particle + present subjunctive, 2nd singular - whenever therefore you do/give
• *eleēmosynēn*: accusative, feminine, singular - alms/charitable giving
• *mē salpisēs*: negative particle + aorist subjunctive, 2nd singular - do not sound a trumpet
• *emprosthen*: preposition - before/in front of
• *hōsper*: comparative adverb - just as/like
• *hypokritai*: nominative, masculine, plural - hypocrites/actors
• *poiousin*: present active indicative, 3rd plural - they do/practice
• *synagōgais*: dative, feminine, plural - synagogues/assemblies
• *rhymais*: dative, feminine, plural - streets/alleys
• *hopōs doxasthōsin*: purpose conjunction + aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd plural - so that they may be glorified/honored
• *Amēn legō*: Hebrew term + present active indicative, 1st singular - truly I say
• *Apechousin*: present active indicative, 3rd plural - they have in full/receive completely
• *misthon*: accusative, masculine, singular - reward/payment

Word Meanings

• *Hotan*: whenever/when
• *salpisēs*: sound a trumpet/announce loudly/proclaim
• *hypokritai*: hypocrites/actors/pretenders
• *synagōgais*: synagogues/meeting places/assemblies
• *rhymais*: streets/alleys/roads
• *doxasthōsin*: be glorified/be praised/be honored
• *Amēn*: truly/verily/certainly
• *Apechousin*: have received in full/have collected completely/have exhausted their reward

Referenced Verses

• Matt 6:5 : 5 `And when thou mayest pray, thou shalt not be as the hypocrites, because they love in the synagogues, and in the corners of the broad places -- standing -- to pray, that they may be seen of men; verily I say to you, that they have their reward.
• Matt 6:16 : 16 `And when ye may fast, be ye not as the hypocrites, of sour countenances, for they disfigure their faces, that they may appear to men fasting; verily I say to you, that they have their reward.
• Matt 7:5 : 5 Hypocrite, cast out first the beam out of thine own eye, and then thou shalt see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother's eye.
• Matt 15:7 : 7 `Hypocrites, well did Isaiah prophesy of you, saying,
• Matt 16:3 : 3 and at morning, Foul weather to-day, for the heaven is red -- gloomy; hypocrites, the face of the heavens indeed ye do know to discern, but the signs of the times ye are not able!
• Matt 22:18 : 18 And Jesus having known their wickedness, said, `Why me do ye tempt, hypocrites?
• Matt 23:6 : 6 they love also the chief couches in the supper, and the chief seats in the synagogues,
• Matt 23:13-29 : 13 `Wo to you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye shut up the reign of the heavens before men, for ye do not go in, nor those going in do ye suffer to enter. 14 `Wo to you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye eat up the houses of the widows, and for a pretence make long prayers, because of this ye shall receive more abundant judgment. 15 `Wo to you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye go round the sea and the dry land to make one proselyte, and whenever it may happen -- ye make him a son of gehenna twofold more than yourselves. 16 `Wo to you, blind guides, who are saying, Whoever may swear by the sanctuary, it is nothing, but whoever may swear by the gold of the sanctuary -- is debtor! 17 Fools and blind! for which `is' greater, the gold, or the sanctuary that is sanctifying the gold? 18 `And, whoever may swear by the altar, it is nothing; but whoever may swear by the gift that is upon it -- is debtor! 19 Fools and blind! for which `is' greater, the gift, or the altar that is sanctifying the gift? 20 `He therefore who did swear by the altar, doth swear by it, and by all things on it; 21 and he who did swear by the sanctuary, doth swear by it, and by Him who is dwelling in it; 22 and he who did swear by the heaven, doth swear by the throne of God, and by Him who is sitting upon it. 23 `Wo to you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye give tithe of the mint, and the dill, and the cumin, and did neglect the weightier things of the Law -- the judgment, and the kindness, and the faith; these it behoved `you' to do, and those not to neglect. 24 `Blind guides! who are straining out the gnat, and the camel are swallowing. 25 `Wo to you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye make clean the outside of the cup and the plate, and within they are full of rapine and incontinence. 26 `Blind Pharisee! cleanse first the inside of the cup and the plate, that the outside of them also may become clean. 27 `Wo to you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye are like to whitewashed sepulchres, which outwardly indeed do appear beautiful, and within are full of bones of dead men, and of all uncleanness; 28 so also ye outwardly indeed do appear to men righteous, and within ye are full of hypocrisy and lawlessness. 29 `Wo to you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye build the sepulchres of the prophets, and adorn the tombs of the righteous,
• Matt 24:51 : 51 and will cut him off, and his portion with the hypocrites will appoint; there shall be the weeping and the gnashing of the teeth.
• Mark 7:6 : 6 and he answering said to them -- `Well did Isaiah prophesy concerning you, hypocrites, as it hath been written, This people with the lips doth honor Me, and their heart is far from Me;
• Mark 12:39 : 39 and first seats in the synagogues, and first couches in suppers,
• Luke 6:24 : 24 `But wo to you -- the rich, because ye have got your comfort.
• Luke 6:42 : 42 or how art thou able to say to thy brother, Brother, suffer, I may take out the mote that `is' in thine eye -- thyself the beam in thine own eye not beholding? Hypocrite, take first the beam out of thine own eye, and then thou shalt see clearly to take out the mote that `is' in thy brother's eye.
• Luke 11:41 : 41 But what ye have give ye `as' alms, and, lo, all things are clean to you.
• Luke 11:43 : 43 `Wo to you, the Pharisees, because ye love the first seats in the synagogues, and the salutations in the market-places.
• Luke 12:33 : 33 sell your goods, and give alms, make to yourselves bags that become not old, a treasure unfailing in the heavens, where thief doth not come near, nor moth destroy;
• Luke 12:56 : 56 hypocrites! the face of the earth and of the heaven ye have known to make proof of, but this time -- how do ye not make proof of `it'?
• Luke 13:15 : 15 Then the Lord answered him and said, `Hypocrite, doth not each of you on the sabbath loose his ox or ass from the stall, and having led away, doth water `it'?
• Luke 20:46 : 46 `Take heed of the scribes, who are wishing to walk in long robes, and are loving salutations in the markets, and first seats in the synagogues, and first couches in the suppers,
• John 5:41 : 41 glory from man I do not receive,
• John 5:44 : 44 how are ye able -- ye -- to believe, glory from one another receiving, and the glory that `is' from God alone ye seek not?
• John 7:18 : 18 `He who is speaking from himself his own glory doth seek, but he who is seeking the glory of him who sent him, this one is true, and unrighteousness is not in him;
• John 13:29 : 29 for certain were thinking, since Judas had the bag, that Jesus saith to him, `Buy what we have need of for the feast;' or that he may give something to the poor;
• Acts 9:36 : 36 And in Joppa there was a certain female disciple, by name Tabitha, (which interpreted, is called Dorcas,) this woman was full of good works and kind acts that she was doing;
• Acts 10:2 : 2 pious, and fearing God with all his house, doing also many kind acts to the people, and beseeching God always,
• Acts 10:4 : 4 and he having looked earnestly on him, and becoming afraid, said, `What is it, Lord?' And he said to him, `Thy prayers and thy kind acts came up for a memorial before God,
• Acts 10:31 : 31 and he said, Cornelius, thy prayer was heard, and thy kind acts were remembered before God;
• Acts 11:29 : 29 and the disciples, according as any one was prospering, determined each of them to send for ministration to the brethren dwelling in Judea,
• Acts 24:17 : 17 `And after many years I came, about to do kind acts to my nation, and offerings,
• Rom 12:8 : 8 or he who is exhorting -- `In the exhortation!' he who is sharing -- `In simplicity!' he who is leading -- `In diligence?' he who is doing kindness -- `In cheerfulness.'
• 2 Cor 9:6-9 : 6 And this: He who is sowing sparingly, sparingly also shall reap; and he who is sowing in blessings, in blessings also shall reap; 7 each one, according as he doth purpose in heart, not out of sorrow or out of necessity, for a cheerful giver doth God love, 8 and God `is' able all grace to cause to abound to you, that in every thing always all sufficiency having, ye may abound to every good work, 9 (according as it hath been written, `He dispersed abroad, he gave to the poor, his righteousness doth remain to the age,') 10 and may He who is supplying seed to the sower, and bread for food, supply and multiply your seed sown, and increase the fruits of your righteousness, 11 in every thing being enriched to all liberality, which doth work through us thanksgiving to God, 12 because the ministration of this service not only is supplying the wants of the saints, but is also abounding through many thanksgivings to God, 13 through the proof of this ministration glorifying God for the subjection of your confession to the good news of the Christ, and `for' the liberality of the fellowship to them and to all, 14 and by their supplication in your behalf, longing after you because of the exceeding grace of God upon you; 15 thanks also to God for His unspeakable gift!
• Gal 2:10 : 10 only, of the poor that we should be mindful, which also I was diligent -- this very thing -- to do.
• Eph 4:28 : 28 whoso is stealing let him no more steal, but rather let him labour, working the thing that is good with the hands, that he may have to impart to him having need.
• 1 Thess 2:6 : 6 nor seeking of men glory, neither from you nor from others, being able to be burdensome, as Christ's apostles.
• 1 Tim 6:18 : 18 to do good, to be rich in good works, to be ready to impart, willing to communicate,
• Phlm 1:7 : 7 for we have much joy and comfort in thy love, because the bowels of the saints have been refreshed through thee, brother.
• Heb 13:16 : 16 and of doing good, and of fellowship, be not forgetful, for with such sacrifices God is well-pleased.
• Jas 2:15-16 : 15 and if a brother or sister may be naked, and may be destitute of the daily food, 16 and any one of you may say to them, `Depart ye in peace, be warmed, and be filled,' and may not give to them the things needful for the body, what `is' the profit?
• 1 Pet 4:11 : 11 if any one doth speak -- `as oracles of God;' if any one doth minister -- `as of the ability which God doth supply;' that in all things God may be glorified through Jesus Christ, to whom is the glory and the power -- to the ages of the ages. Amen.
• 1 John 3:17-19 : 17 and whoever may have the goods of the world, and may view his brother having need, and may shut up his bowels from him -- how doth the love of God remain in him? 18 My little children, may we not love in word nor in tongue, but in word and in truth! 19 and in this we know that of the truth we are, and before Him we shall assure our hearts,
• 1 Sam 15:30 : 30 And he saith, `I have sinned; now, honour me, I pray thee, before the elders of my people, and before Israel, and turn back with me; and I have bowed myself to Jehovah thy God.'
• Job 31:16-20 : 16 If I withhold from pleasure the poor, And the eyes of the widow do consume, 17 And I do eat my morsel by myself, And the orphan hath not eat of it, 18 (But from my youth He grew up with me as `with' a father, And from the belly of my mother I am led.) 19 If I see `any' perishing without clothing, And there is no covering to the needy, 20 If his loins have not blessed me, And from the fleece of my sheep He doth not warm himself,
• Ps 37:21 : 21 The wicked is borrowing and repayeth not, And the righteous is gracious and giving.
• Ps 112:9 : 9 He hath scattered -- hath given to the needy, His righteousness is standing for ever, His horn is exalted with honour.
• Prov 19:17 : 17 Whoso is lending `to' Jehovah is favouring the poor, And his deed He repayeth to him.
• Prov 20:6 : 6 A multitude of men proclaim each his kindness, And a man of stedfastness who doth find?
• Eccl 11:2 : 2 Give a portion to seven, and even to eight, For thou knowest not what evil is on the earth.
• Isa 9:17 : 17 Therefore, over its young men the Lord rejoiceth not, And its orphans, and its widows He pitieth not, For every one `is' profane, and an evil doer, And every mouth is speaking folly. With all this not turned back hath His anger, And still His hand is stretched out.
• Isa 10:6 : 6 Against a profane nation I send him, And concerning a people of My wrath I charge him, To spoil spoil, and to seize prey, And to make it a treading-place as the clay of out places.
• Isa 58:7 : 7 Is it not to deal to the hungry thy bread, And the mourning poor bring home, That thou seest the naked and cover him, And from thine own flesh hide not thyself?
• Isa 58:10-12 : 10 And dost bring out to the hungry thy soul, And the afflicted soul dost satisfy, Then risen in the darkness hath thy light, And thy thick darkness `is' as noon. 11 And Jehovah doth lead thee continually, And hath satisfied in drought thy soul, And thy bones He armeth, And thou hast been as a watered garden, And as an outlet of waters, whose waters lie not. 12 And they have built out of thee the wastes of old, The foundations of many generations thou raisest up, And one calleth thee, `Repairer of the breach, Restorer of paths to rest in.'
• Hos 8:1 : 1 `Unto thy mouth -- a trumpet, As an eagle against the house of Jehovah, Because they transgressed My covenant, And against My law they have rebelled.
• Matt 5:18 : 18 for, verily I say to you, till that the heaven and the earth may pass away, one iota or one tittle may not pass away from the law, till that all may come to pass.