Psalms 118:18

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

Jah hath sorely chastened me, And to death hath not given me up.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

יַסֹּ֣ר יִסְּרַ֣נִּי יָּ֑הּ וְ֝לַמָּ֗וֶת לֹ֣א נְתָנָֽנִי

Transliteration

Yassōr yissəranî Yāh and-to-the-māwet not nətānānî

Grammar Details

• *Yassōr*: infinitive absolute - disciplining
• *yissəranî*: perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person suffix - he disciplined me
• *Yāh*: divine name, shortened form - Yah
• *māwet*: noun, masculine singular with definite article and prefix lamed - to the death
• *nətānānî*: perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person suffix - he gave me

Word Meanings

• *Yassōr yissəranî*: severely disciplined me/thoroughly chastened me
• *māwet*: death/dying
• *nətānānî*: he gave me over/he delivered me/he handed me over

Referenced Verses

• 1 Cor 11:32 : 32 and being judged by the Lord, we are chastened, that with the world we may not be condemned;
• 2 Cor 6:9 : 9 as unknown, and recognized; as dying, and lo, we live; as chastened, and not put to death;
• Job 5:17-18 : 17 Lo, the happiness of mortal man, God doth reprove him: And the chastisement of the Mighty despise not, 18 For He doth pain, and He bindeth up, He smiteth, and His hands heal.
• Job 33:16-30 : 16 Then He uncovereth the ear of men, And for their instruction sealeth: 17 To turn aside man `from' doing, And pride from man He concealeth. 18 He keepeth back his soul from corruption, And his life from passing away by a dart. 19 And he hath been reproved With pain on his bed, And the strife of his bones `is' enduring. 20 And his life hath nauseated bread, And his soul desirable food. 21 His flesh is consumed from being seen, And high are his bones, they were not seen! 22 And draw near to the pit doth his soul, And his life to those causing death. 23 If there is by him a messenger, An interpreter -- one of a thousand, To declare for man his uprightness: 24 Then He doth favour him and saith, `Ransom him from going down to the pit, I have found an atonement.' 25 Fresher `is' his flesh than a child's, He returneth to the days of his youth. 26 He maketh supplication unto God, And He accepteth him. And he seeth His face with shouting, And He returneth to man His righteousness. 27 He looketh on men, and saith, `I sinned, And uprightness I have perverted, And it hath not been profitable to me. 28 He hath ransomed my soul From going over into the pit, And my life on the light looketh.' 29 Lo, all these doth God work, Twice -- thrice with man, 30 To bring back his soul from the pit, To be enlightened with the light of the living.
• Ps 66:10-12 : 10 For Thou hast tried us, O God, Thou hast refined us as the refining of silver. 11 Thou hast brought us into a net, Thou hast placed pressure on our loins. 12 Thou hast caused man to ride at our head. We have entered into fire and into water, And Thou bringest us out to a watered place.
• Ps 94:12-13 : 12 O the happiness of the man Whom Thou instructest, O Jah, And out of Thy law teachest him, 13 To give rest to him from days of evil, While a pit is digged for the wicked.
• Prov 3:11-12 : 11 Chastisement of Jehovah, my son, despise not, And be not vexed with His reproof, 12 For whom Jehovah loveth He reproveth, Even as a father the son He is pleased with.
• Jonah 2:6 : 6 To the cuttings of mountains I have come down, The earth, her bars `are' behind me to the age. And Thou bringest up from the pit my life, O Jehovah my God.
• 2 Cor 1:9-9 : 9 but we ourselves in ourselves the sentence of the death have had, that we may not be trusting on ourselves, but on God, who is raising the dead, 10 who out of so great a death did deliver us, and doth deliver, in whom we have hoped that even yet He will deliver; 11 ye working together also for us by your supplication, that the gift through many persons to us, through many may be thankfully acknowledged for us.
• 2 Sam 12:10 : 10 `And now, the sword doth not turn aside from thy house unto the age, because thou hast despised Me, and dost take the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be to thee for a wife;
• 2 Sam 13:1-9 : 1 And it cometh to pass afterwards that Absalom son of David hath a fair sister, and her name `is' Tamar, and Amnon son of David loveth her. 2 And Amnon hath distress -- even to become sick, because of Tamar his sister, for she `is' a virgin, and it is hard in the eyes of Amnon to do anything to her. 3 And Amnon hath a friend, and his name `is' Jonadab, son of Shimeah, David's brother, and Jonadab `is' a very wise man, 4 and saith to him, `Wherefore `art' thou thus lean, O king's son, morning by morning? dost thou not declare to me?' And Amnon saith to him, `Tamar -- sister of Absalom my brother -- I am loving.' 5 And Jonadab saith to him, `Lie down on thy couch, and feign thyself sick, and thy father hath come in to see thee, and thou hast said unto him, `Let, I pray thee, Tamar my sister come in and give me bread to eat; and she hath made the food before mine eyes so that I see `it', and have eaten from her hand.' 6 And Amnon lieth down, and feigneth himself sick, and the king cometh in to see him, and Amnon saith unto the king, `Let, I pray thee, Tamar my sister come, and she maketh before mine eyes two cakes, and I eat from her hand.' 7 And David sendeth unto Tamar, to the house, saying, `Go, I pray thee, to the house of Amnon thy brother, and make for him food.' 8 And Tamar goeth to the house of Amnon her brother, and he is lying down, and she taketh the dough, and kneadeth, and maketh cakes before his eyes, and cooketh the cakes, 9 and taketh the frying-pan, and poureth out before him, and he refuseth to eat, and Amnon saith, `Take ye out every one from me;' and they go out every one from him. 10 And Amnon saith unto Tamar, `Bring the food into the inner chamber, and I eat from thy hand;' and Tamar taketh the cakes that she hath made, and bringeth in to Amnon her brother, into the inner chamber, 11 and she bringeth nigh unto him to eat, and he layeth hold on her, and saith to her, `Come, lie with me, my sister.' 12 And she saith to him, `Nay, my brother, do not humble me, for it is not done so in Israel; do not this folly. 13 And I -- whither do I cause my reproach to go? and thou -- thou art as one of the fools in Israel; and now, speak, I pray thee, unto the king; for he doth not withhold me from thee.' 14 And he hath not been willing to hearken to her voice, and is stronger than she, and humbleth her, and lieth with her. 15 And Amnon hateth her -- a very great hatred -- that greater `is' the hatred with which he hath hated her than the love with which he loved her, and Amnon saith to her, `Rise, go.' 16 And she saith to him, `Because of the circumstances this evil is greater than the other that thou hast done with me -- to send me away;' and he hath not been willing to hearken to her, 17 and calleth his young man, his servant, and saith, `Send away, I pray thee, this one from me without, and bolt the door after her;' 18 -- and upon her `is' a long coat, for such upper robes do daughters of the king who `are' virgins put on, -- and his servant taketh her out without, and hath bolted the door after her. 19 And Tamar taketh ashes for her head, and the long coat that `is' on her she hath rent, and putteth her hand on her head, and goeth, going on and crying; 20 and Absalom her brother saith unto her, `Hath Amnon thy brother been with thee? and now, my sister, keep silent, he `is' thy brother; set not thy heart to this thing;' and Tamar dwelleth -- but desolate -- in the house of Absalom her brother. 21 And king David hath heard all these things, and it is very displeasing to him; 22 and Absalom hath not spoken with Amnon either evil or good, for Absalom is hating Amnon, because that he humbled Tamar his sister. 23 And it cometh to pass, after two years of days, that Absalom hath shearers in Baal-Hazor, which `is' with Ephraim, and Absalom calleth for all the sons of the king. 24 And Absalom cometh unto the king, and saith, `Lo, I pray thee, thy servant hath shearers, let the king go, I pray thee, and his servants, with thy servant.' 25 And the king saith unto Absalom, `Nay, my son, let us not all go, I pray thee, and we are not too heavy on thee;' and he presseth on him, and he hath not been willing to go, and he blesseth him. 26 And Absalom saith, `If not -- let, I pray thee, Amnon my brother go with us;' and the king saith to him, `Why doth he go with thee?' 27 and Absalom urgeth on him, and he sendeth with him Amnon, and all the sons of the king. 28 And Absalom commandeth his young men, saying, `See, I pray thee, when the heart of Amnon `is' glad with wine, and I have said unto you, Smite Amnon, that ye have put him to death; fear not; is it not because I have commanded you? be strong, yea, become sons of valour.' 29 And the young men of Absalom do to Amnon as Absalom commanded, and rise do all the sons of the king, and they ride, each on his mule, and flee. 30 And it cometh to pass -- they `are' in the way -- and the report hath come unto David, saying, `Absalom hath smitten all the sons of the king, and there is not left of them one;' 31 and the king riseth, and rendeth his garments, and lieth on the earth, and all his servants are standing by `with' rent garments. 32 And Jonadab son of Shimeah, David's brother, answereth and saith, `Let not my lord say, The whole of the young men, the sons of the king, they have put to death; for Amnon alone `is' dead, for by the command of Absalom it hath been appointed from the day of his humbling Tamar his sister; 33 and now, let not my lord the king lay unto his heart the word, saying, All the sons of the king have died, for Amnon alone `is' dead.' 34 And Absalom fleeth, and the young man who is watching lifteth up his eyes and looketh, and lo, much people are coming by the way behind him, on the side of the hill. 35 And Jonadab saith unto the king, `Lo, the sons of the king have come; as the word of thy servant, so it hath been.' 36 And it cometh to pass at his finishing to speak, that lo, the sons of the king have come, and they lift up their voice, and weep, and also the king and all his servants have wept -- a very great weeping. 37 And Absalom hath fled, and goeth unto Talmai, son of Ammihud, king of Geshur, and `David' mourneth for his son all the days. 38 And Absalom hath fled, and goeth to Geshur, and is there three years; 39 and `the soul of' king David determineth to go out unto Absalom, for he hath been comforted for Amnon, for `he is' dead.
• 2 Sam 16:1-9 : 1 And David hath passed on a little from the top, and lo, Ziba, servant of Mephibosheth -- to meet him, and a couple of asses saddled, and upon them two hundred loaves, and a hundred bunches of raisins, and a hundred `of' summer-fruit, and a bottle of wine. 2 And the king saith unto Ziba, `What -- these to thee?' and Ziba saith, `The asses for the household of the king to ride on, and the bread and the summer-fruit for the young men to eat, and the wine for the wearied to drink in the wilderness.' 3 And the king saith, `And where `is' the son of thy lord?' and Ziba saith unto the king, `Lo, he is abiding in Jerusalem, for he said, To-day do the house of Israel give back to me the kingdom of my father.' 4 And the king saith to Ziba, `Lo, thine `are' all that Mephibosheth hath;' and Ziba saith, `I have bowed myself -- I find grace in thine eyes, my lord, O king.' 5 And king David hath come in unto Bahurim, and lo, thence a man is coming out, of the family of the house of Saul, and his name `is' Shimei, son of Gera, he cometh out, coming out and reviling; 6 and he stoneth David with stones, and all the servants of king David, and all the people, and all the mighty men on his right and on his left. 7 And thus said Shimei in his reviling, `Go out, go out, O man of blood, and man of worthlessness! 8 Jehovah hath turned back on thee all the blood of the house of Saul, in whose stead thou hast reigned, and Jehovah doth give the kingdom in to the hand of Absalom thy son; and lo, thou `art' in thine evil, for a man of blood thou `art'.' 9 And Abishai son of Zeruiah saith unto the king, `Why doth this dead dog revile my lord the king? let me pass over, I pray thee, and I turn aside his head.' 10 And the king saith, `What -- to me and to you, O sons of Zeruiah? for -- let him revile; even because Jehovah hath said to him, Revile David; and who saith, Wherefore hast Thou done so?' 11 And David saith unto Abishai, and unto all his servants, `Lo, my son who came out of my bowels is seeking my life, and also surely now the Benjamite; leave him alone, and let him revile, for Jehovah hath said `so' to him; 12 it may be Jehovah doth look on mine affliction, and Jehovah hath turned back to me good for his reviling this day.' 13 And David goeth with his men in the way, and Shimei is going at the side of the hill over-against him, going on, and he revileth, and stoneth with stones over-against him, and hath dusted with dust. 14 And the king cometh in, and all the people who `are' with him, wearied, and they are refreshed there. 15 And Absalom and all the people, the men of Israel, have come in to Jerusalem, and Ahithophel with him, 16 and it cometh to pass, when Hushai the Archite, David's friend, hath come unto Absalom, that Hushai saith unto Absalom, `Let the king live! let the king live!' 17 And Absalom saith unto Hushai, `This thy kindness with thy friend! why hast thou not gone with thy friend?' 18 And Hushai saith unto Absalom, `Nay, for he whom Jehovah hath chosen, and this people, even all the men of Israel, his I am, and with him I abide; 19 and secondly, for whom do I labour? is it not before his son? as I served before thy father so am I before thee.' 20 And Absalom saith unto Ahithophel, `Give for you counsel what we do.' 21 And Ahithophel saith unto Absalom, `Go in unto the concubines of thy father, whom he left to keep the house, and all Israel hath heard that thou hast been abhorred by thy father, and the hands of all who `are' with thee have been strong.' 22 And they spread out for Absalom the tent on the roof, and Absalom goeth in unto the concubines of his father before the eyes of all Israel. 23 And the counsel of Ahithophel which he counselled in those days `is' as `when' one inquireth at the word of God; so `is' all the counsel of Ahithophel both to David and to Absalom.
• Heb 12:10-11 : 10 for they, indeed, for a few days, according to what seemed good to them, were chastening, but He for profit, to be partakers of His separation; 11 and all chastening for the present, indeed, doth not seem to be of joy, but of sorrow, yet afterward the peaceable fruit of righteousness to those exercised through it -- it doth yield.