Psalms 119:21

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

Thou hast rebuked the cursed proud, Who are erring from Thy commands.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

גָּ֭עַרְתָּ זֵדִ֣ים אֲרוּרִ֑ים הַ֝שֹּׁגִים מִמִּצְוֺתֶֽיךָ׃

Transliteration

gāʿartā zēdîm ʾărûrîm haššōgîm from-miṣwōtêḵā

Grammar Details

• *gāʿartā*: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have rebuked
• *zēdîm*: masculine plural adjective - proud/presumptuous ones
• *ʾărûrîm*: Qal passive participle masculine plural - cursed ones
• *haššōgîm*: definite article + Qal participle masculine plural - the ones straying
• from-*miṣwōtêḵā*: preposition *min* + feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from your commandments

Word Meanings

• *gāʿartā*: you have rebuked/reproved/threatened
• *zēdîm*: proud ones/presumptuous ones/insolent ones
• *ʾărûrîm*: cursed ones/accursed ones
• *haššōgîm*: the ones straying/wandering/going astray
• *miṣwōtêḵā*: your commandments/precepts/orders

Referenced Verses

• Ps 119:10 : 10 With all my heart I have sought Thee, Let me not err from Thy commands.
• Ps 119:118 : 118 Thou hast trodden down All going astray from Thy statutes, For falsehood `is' their deceit.
• Ps 138:6 : 6 For high `is' Jehovah, and the lowly He seeth, And the haughty from afar He knoweth.
• Isa 2:11-12 : 11 The haughty eyes of man have been humbled, And bowed down hath been the loftiness of men, And set on high hath Jehovah alone been in that day. 12 For a day `is' to Jehovah of Hosts, For every proud and high one, And for every lifted up and low one,
• Isa 10:12 : 12 And it hath come to pass, When the Lord doth fulfil all His work In mount Zion and in Jerusalem, I see concerning the fruit of the greatness Of the heart of the king of Asshur. And concerning the glory of the height of his eyes.
• Isa 42:24 : 24 Who hath given Jacob for a spoil, And Israel to the spoilers? Is it not Jehovah -- He against whom we sinned? Yea, they have not been willing in His ways to walk, Nor have they hearkened to His law.
• Isa 43:28 : 28 And I pollute princes of the sanctuary, And I give Jacob to destruction, and Israel to revilings!
• Jer 44:9-9 : 9 `Have ye forgotten the wickedness of your fathers, and the wickedness of the kings of Judah, and the wickedness of their wives, and your own wickedness, and the wickedness of your wives, that they have done in the land of Judah, and in streets of Jerusalem? 10 They have not been humbled unto this day, nor have they been afraid, nor have they walked in My law, and in My statutes, that I have set before you and before your fathers. 11 `Therefore, thus said Jehovah of Hosts, God of Israel: Lo, I am setting my face against you for evil, even to cut off all Judah,
• Jer 44:16 : 16 `The word that thou hast spoken unto us in the name of Jehovah -- we are not hearkening unto thee;
• Jer 44:28-29 : 28 `And the escaped of the sword turn back out of the land of Egypt to the land of Judah, few in number, and known have all the remnant of Judah who are coming into the land of Egypt to sojourn there, whose word is established, Mine or theirs. 29 `And this `is' to you the sign -- an affirmation of Jehovah -- that I am seeing after you in this place, so that ye know that My words are certainly established against you for evil;
• Ezek 28:2-9 : 2 `Son of man, say to the leader of Tyre: Thus said the Lord Jehovah: Because thy heart hath been high, And thou dost say: A god I `am', The habitation of God I have inhabited, In the heart of the seas, And thou `art' man, and not God, And thou givest out thy heart as the heart of God, 3 Lo, thou `art' wiser than Daniel, No hidden thing have they concealed from thee. 4 By thy wisdom and by thine understanding Thou hast made for thee wealth, And makest gold and silver in thy treasuries. 5 By the abundance of thy wisdom, Through thy merchandise, Thou hast multiplied thy wealth, And high is thy heart through thy wealth. 6 Therefore, thus said the Lord Jehovah: Because of thy giving out thy heart as the heart of God, 7 Therefore, lo, I am bringing in against thee strangers, The terrible of the nations, And they have drawn out their swords Against the beauty of thy wisdom, And they have pierced thy brightness. 8 To destruction they bring thee down, Thou diest by the deaths of the wounded, in the heart of the seas. 9 Dost thou really say, `I `am' God,' Before him who is slaying thee? And thou `art' man, and not God, In the hand of him who is piercing thee. 10 The deaths of the uncircumcised thou diest, By the hand of strangers, for I have spoken, An affirmation of the Lord Jehovah.'
• Dan 4:37 : 37 `Now, I, Nebuchadnezzar, am praising and exalting and honouring the King of the heavens, for all His works `are' truth, and His paths judgment, and those walking in pride He is able to humble.'
• Dan 5:22-24 : 22 `And thou, his son, Belshazzar, hast not humbled thy heart, though all this thou hast known; 23 and against the Lord of the heavens thou hast lifted up thyself; and the vessels of His house they have brought in before thee, and thou, and thy great men, thy wives, and thy concubines, are drinking wine with them, and gods of silver, and of gold, of brass, of iron, of wood, and of stone, that are not seeing, nor hearing, nor knowing, thou hast praised: and the God in whose hand `is' thy breath, and all thy ways, Him thou hast not honoured. 24 `Then from before Him sent is the extremity of the hand, and the writing is noted down;
• Mal 4:1 : 1 For, lo, the day hath come, burning as a furnace, And all the proud, and every wicked doer, have been stubble, And burnt them hath the day that came, Said Jehovah of Hosts, That there is not left to them root or branch,
• Luke 14:11 : 11 because every one who is exalting himself shall be humbled, and he who is humbling himself shall be exalted.'
• Luke 18:14 : 14 I say to you, this one went down declared righteous, to his house, rather than that one: for every one who is exalting himself shall be humbled, and he who is humbling himself shall be exalted.'
• Gal 3:13 : 13 Christ did redeem us from the curse of the law, having become for us a curse, for it hath been written, `Cursed is every one who is hanging on a tree,'
• Jas 4:6 : 6 and greater grace he doth give, wherefore he saith, `God against proud ones doth set Himself up, and to lowly ones He doth give grace?'
• 1 Pet 5:5 : 5 In like manner, ye younger, be subject to elders, and all to one another subjecting yourselves; with humble-mindedness clothe yourselves, because God the proud doth resist, but to the humble He doth give grace;
• Ps 119:78 : 78 Ashamed are the proud, For `with' falsehood they dealt perversely with me. I meditate in Thy precepts.
• Ps 119:110 : 110 The wicked have laid a snare for me, And from thy precepts I wandered not.
• Exod 10:3 : 3 And Moses cometh in -- Aaron also -- unto Pharaoh, and they say unto him, `Thus said Jehovah, God of the Hebrews, Until when hast thou refused to be humbled at My presence? send My people away, and they serve Me,
• Exod 18:11 : 11 now I have known that Jehovah `is' greater than all the gods, for in the thing they have acted proudly -- `He is' above them!'
• Deut 27:15-26 : 15 `Cursed `is' the man who maketh a graven and molten image, the abomination of Jehovah, work of the hands of an artificer, and hath put `it' in a secret place, -- and all the people have answered and said, Amen. 16 `Cursed `is' He who is making light of his father and his mother, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 17 `Cursed `is' he who is removing his neighbour's border, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 18 `Cursed `is' he who is causing the blind to err in the way, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 19 `Cursed `is' he who is turning aside the judgment of fatherless, sojourner, and widow, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 20 `Cursed `is' he who is lying with his father's wife, for he hath uncovered his father's skirt, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 21 `Cursed `is' he who is lying with any beast, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 22 `Cursed `is' he who is lying with his sister, daughter of his father, or daughter of his mother, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 23 `Cursed `is' he who is lying with his mother-in-law, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 24 `Cursed `is' he who is smiting his neighbour in secret, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 25 `Cursed `is' he who is taking a bribe to smite a person, innocent blood, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 26 `Cursed `is' he who doth not establish the words of this law, to do them, -- and all the people have said, Amen.
• Deut 28:15 : 15 `And it hath been, if thou dost not hearken unto the voice of Jehovah thy God to observe to do all His commands, and His statutes, which I am commanding thee to-day, that all these revilings have come upon thee, and overtaken thee:
• Deut 30:19 : 19 `I have caused to testify against you to-day the heavens and the earth; life and death I have set before thee, the blessing and the reviling; and thou hast fixed on life, so that thou dost live, thou and thy seed,
• Neh 9:16 : 16 `And they and our fathers have acted proudly, and harden their neck, and have not hearkened unto Thy commands,
• Neh 9:29 : 29 and dost testify against them, to bring them back unto Thy law; and they -- they have acted proudly, and have not hearkened to Thy commands, and against Thy judgments have sinned, -- which man doth and hath lived in them -- and they give a refractory shoulder, and their neck have hardened, and have not hearkened.
• Job 40:11-12 : 11 Scatter abroad the wrath of thine anger, And see every proud one, and make him low. 12 See every proud one -- humble him, And tread down the wicked in their place.