Romans 12:8

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

or he who is exhorting -- `In the exhortation!' he who is sharing -- `In simplicity!' he who is leading -- `In diligence?' he who is doing kindness -- `In cheerfulness.'

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Εἴτε ὁ παρακαλῶν, ἐν τῇ παρακλήσει: ὁ μεταδιδούς, ἐν ἁπλότητι· ὁ προϊστάμενος, ἐν σπουδῇ· ὁ ἐλεῶν, ἐν ἱλαρότητι.

Transliteration

Whether the one parakalōn, in the paraklēsei; the one metadidous, in haplotēti; the one proistamenos, in spoudē; the one eleōn, in hilarotēti.

Grammar Details

• *parakalōn*: present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - exhorting/encouraging
• *paraklēsei*: dative, feminine, singular - exhortation/encouragement
• *metadidous*: present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - giving/sharing
• *haplotēti*: dative, feminine, singular - simplicity/sincerity/liberality
• *proistamenos*: present middle participle, nominative, masculine, singular - leading/presiding
• *spoudē*: dative, feminine, singular - diligence/earnestness
• *eleōn*: present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - showing mercy
• *hilarotēti*: dative, feminine, singular - cheerfulness/gladness

Word Meanings

• *parakalōn*: exhorting/encouraging/comforting/urging
• *paraklēsei*: exhortation/encouragement/comfort/consolation
• *metadidous*: giving/sharing/imparting/distributing
• *haplotēti*: simplicity/sincerity/liberality/generosity
• *proistamenos*: leading/presiding/ruling/managing
• *spoudē*: diligence/earnestness/zeal/haste
• *eleōn*: showing mercy/having compassion
• *hilarotēti*: cheerfulness/gladness/joyfulness

Referenced Verses

• 2 Cor 9:7 : 7 each one, according as he doth purpose in heart, not out of sorrow or out of necessity, for a cheerful giver doth God love,
• 1 Cor 12:28 : 28 And some, indeed, did God set in the assembly, first apostles, secondly prophets, thirdly teachers, afterwards powers, afterwards gifts of healings, helpings, governings, divers kinds of tongues;
• 1 Tim 5:17 : 17 The well-leading elders of double honour let them be counted worthy, especially those labouring in word and teaching,
• Heb 10:25 : 25 not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as a custom of certain `is', but exhorting, and so much the more as ye see the day coming nigh.
• Acts 13:15 : 15 and after the reading of the law and of the prophets, the chief men of the synagogue sent unto them, saying, `Men, brethren, if there be a word in you of exhortation unto the people -- say on.'
• Acts 15:32 : 32 Judas also and Silas, being themselves also prophets, through much discourse did exhort the brethren, and confirm,
• Deut 15:8-9 : 8 for thou dost certainly open thy hand to him, and dost certainly lend him sufficient for his lack which he lacketh. 9 `Take heed to thee lest there be a word in thy heart -- worthless, saying, Near `is' the seventh year, the year of release; and thine eye is evil against thy needy brother, and thou dost not give to him, and he hath called concerning thee unto Jehovah, and it hath been in thee sin; 10 thou dost certainly give to him, and thy heart is not sad in thy giving to him, for because of this thing doth Jehovah thy God bless thee in all thy works, and in every putting forth of thy hand; 11 because the needy one doth not cease out of the land, therefore I am commanding thee, saying, Thou dost certainly open thy hand to thy brother, to thy poor, and to thy needy one, in thy land.
• Deut 15:14 : 14 thou dost certainly encircle him out of thy flock, and out of thy threshing-floor, and out of thy wine-vat; `of' that which Jehovah thy God hath blessed thee thou dost give to him,
• Deut 16:11 : 11 And thou hast rejoiced before Jehovah thy God, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy man-servant, and thy handmaid, and the Levite who `is' within thy gates, and the sojourner, and the fatherless, and the widow, who `are' in thy midst, in the place which Jehovah thy God doth choose to cause His name to tabernacle there,
• Deut 16:14-15 : 14 and thou hast rejoiced in thy feast, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy man-servant, and thy handmaid, and the Levite, and the sojourner, and the fatherless, and the widow, who `are' within thy gates. 15 Seven days thou dost feast before Jehovah thy God, in the place which Jehovah doth choose, for Jehovah thy God doth bless thee in all thine increase, and in every work of thy hands, and thou hast been only rejoicing.
• Job 31:16-20 : 16 If I withhold from pleasure the poor, And the eyes of the widow do consume, 17 And I do eat my morsel by myself, And the orphan hath not eat of it, 18 (But from my youth He grew up with me as `with' a father, And from the belly of my mother I am led.) 19 If I see `any' perishing without clothing, And there is no covering to the needy, 20 If his loins have not blessed me, And from the fleece of my sheep He doth not warm himself,
• Ps 37:21 : 21 The wicked is borrowing and repayeth not, And the righteous is gracious and giving.
• Ps 101:1-8 : 1 A Psalm of David. Kindness and judgment I sing, To Thee, O Jehovah, I sing praise. 2 I act wisely in a perfect way, When dost Thou come in unto me? I walk habitually in the integrity of my heart, In the midst of my house. 3 I set not before mine eyes a worthless thing, The work of those turning aside I have hated, It adhereth not to me. 4 A perverse heart turneth aside from me, Wickedness I know not. 5 Whoso slandereth in secret his neighbour, Him I cut off, The high of eyes and proud of heart, him I endure not. 6 Mine eyes are on the faithful of the land, To dwell with me, Whoso is walking in a perfect way, he serveth me. 7 He dwelleth not in my house who is working deceit, Whoso is speaking lies Is not established before mine eyes. 8 At morning I cut off all the wicked of the land, To cut off from the city of Jehovah All the workers of iniquity!
• Ps 112:9 : 9 He hath scattered -- hath given to the needy, His righteousness is standing for ever, His horn is exalted with honour.
• Prov 22:9 : 9 The good of eye -- he is blessed, For he hath given of his bread to the poor.
• Eccl 9:10 : 10 All that thy hand findeth to do, with thy power do, for there is no work, and device, and knowledge, and wisdom in Sheol whither thou art going.
• Eccl 11:1-2 : 1 Send forth thy bread on the face of the waters, For in the multitude of the days thou dost find it. 2 Give a portion to seven, and even to eight, For thou knowest not what evil is on the earth.
• Eccl 11:6 : 6 In the morning sow thy seed, And at even withdraw not thy hand, For thou knowest not which is right, this or that, Or whether both of them alike `are' good.
• Isa 32:5 : 5 A fool is no more called `noble,' And to a miser it is not said, `rich;'
• Isa 32:8 : 8 And the noble counselled noble things, And he for noble things riseth up.
• Isa 58:7-9 : 7 Is it not to deal to the hungry thy bread, And the mourning poor bring home, That thou seest the naked and cover him, And from thine own flesh hide not thyself? 8 Then broken up as the dawn is thy light, And thy health in haste springeth up, Gone before thee hath thy righteousness, The honour of Jehovah doth gather thee. 9 Then thou callest, and Jehovah answereth, Thou criest, and He saith, `Behold Me.' If thou turn aside from thy midst the yoke, The sending forth of the finger, And the speaking of vanity, 10 And dost bring out to the hungry thy soul, And the afflicted soul dost satisfy, Then risen in the darkness hath thy light, And thy thick darkness `is' as noon. 11 And Jehovah doth lead thee continually, And hath satisfied in drought thy soul, And thy bones He armeth, And thou hast been as a watered garden, And as an outlet of waters, whose waters lie not.
• Isa 64:5 : 5 Thou hast met with the rejoicer And the doer of righteousness, In Thy ways they remember Thee, Lo, Thou hast been wroth when we sin, By them `is' continuance, and we are saved.
• Matt 6:2-4 : 2 whenever, therefore, thou mayest do kindness, thou mayest not sound a trumpet before thee as the hypocrites do, in the synagogues, and in the streets, that they may have glory from men; verily I say to you -- they have their reward! 3 `But thou, doing kindness, let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doth, 4 that thy kindness may be in secret, and thy Father who is seeing in secret Himself shall reward thee manifestly.
• Matt 25:40 : 40 `And the king answering, shall say to them, Verily I say to you, Inasmuch as ye did `it' to one of these my brethren -- the least -- to me ye did `it'.
• Luke 21:1-4 : 1 And having looked up, he saw those who did cast their gifts to the treasury -- rich men, 2 and he saw also a certain poor widow casting there two mites, 3 and he said, `Truly I say to you, that this poor widow did cast in more than all; 4 for all these out of their superabundance did cast into the gifts to God, but this one out of her want, all the living that she had, did cast in.'
• Acts 2:44-46 : 44 and all those believing were at the same place, and had all things common, 45 and the possessions and the goods they were selling, and were parting them to all, according as any one had need. 46 Daily also continuing with one accord in the temple, breaking also at every house bread, they were partaking of food in gladness and simplicity of heart,
• Acts 4:33-35 : 33 And with great power were the apostles giving the testimony to the rising again of the Lord Jesus, great grace also was on them all, 34 for there was not any one among them who did lack, for as many as were possessors of fields, or houses, selling `them', were bringing the prices of the thing sold, 35 and were laying them at the feet of the apostles, and distribution was being made to each according as any one had need.
• Acts 11:28-30 : 28 and one of them, by name Agabus, having stood up, did signify through the Spirit a great dearth is about to be throughout all the world -- which also came to pass in the time of Claudius Caesar -- 29 and the disciples, according as any one was prospering, determined each of them to send for ministration to the brethren dwelling in Judea, 30 which also they did, having sent unto the elders by the hand of Barnabas and Saul.
• Acts 13:12 : 12 then the proconsul having seen what hath come to pass, did believe, being astonished at the teaching of the Lord.
• Acts 20:2 : 2 and having gone through those parts, and having exhorted them with many words, he came to Greece;
• Acts 20:28 : 28 `Take heed, therefore, to yourselves, and to all the flock, among which the Holy Spirit made you overseers, to feed the assembly of God that He acquired through His own blood,
• Rom 12:13 : 13 to the necessities of the saints communicating; the hospitality pursuing.
• Rom 13:6 : 6 for because of this also pay ye tribute; for servants of God they are, on this very thing attending continually;
• 1 Cor 14:3 : 3 and he who is prophesying to men doth speak edification, and exhortation, and comfort;
• 2 Cor 1:12 : 12 For our glorying is this: the testimony of our conscience, that in simplicity and sincerity of God, not in fleshly wisdom, but in the grace of God, we did conduct ourselves in the world, and more abundantly toward you;
• 2 Cor 8:1-9 : 1 And we make known to you, brethren, the grace of God, that hath been given in the assemblies of Macedonia, 2 because in much trial of tribulation the abundance of their joy, and their deep poverty, did abound to the riches of their liberality; 3 because, according to `their' power, I testify, and above `their' power, they were willing of themselves, 4 with much entreaty calling on us to receive the favour and the fellowship of the ministration to the saints, 5 and not according as we expected, but themselves they did give first to the Lord, and to us, through the will of God, 6 so that we exhorted Titus, that, according as he did begin before, so also he may finish to you also this favour, 7 but even as in every thing ye do abound, in faith, and word, and knowledge, and all diligence, and in your love to us, that also in this grace ye may abound; 8 not according to command do I speak, but because of the diligence of others, and of your love proving the genuineness, 9 for ye know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that because of you he became poor -- being rich, that ye by that poverty may become rich.
• 2 Cor 8:12 : 12 for if the willing mind is present, according to that which any one may have it is well-accepted, not according to that which he hath not;
• 2 Cor 9:11 : 11 in every thing being enriched to all liberality, which doth work through us thanksgiving to God,
• 2 Cor 9:13 : 13 through the proof of this ministration glorifying God for the subjection of your confession to the good news of the Christ, and `for' the liberality of the fellowship to them and to all,
• 2 Cor 11:3 : 3 and I fear, lest, as the serpent did beguile Eve in his subtilty, so your minds may be corrupted from the simplicity that `is' in the Christ;
• Eph 6:5 : 5 The servants! obey the masters according to the flesh with fear and trembling, in the simplicity of your heart, as to the Christ;
• Col 3:22 : 22 The servants! obey in all things those who are masters according to the flesh, not in eye-service as men-pleasers, but in simplicity of heart, fearing God;
• 1 Thess 2:3 : 3 for our exhortation `is' not out of deceit, nor out of uncleanness, nor in guile,
• 1 Thess 2:8 : 8 so being desirous of you, we are well-pleased to impart to you not only the good news of God, but also our own souls, because beloved ye have become to us,
• 1 Thess 5:12-14 : 12 And we ask you, brethren, to know those labouring among you, and leading you in the Lord, and admonishing you, 13 and to esteem them very abundantly in love, because of their work; be at peace among yourselves; 14 and we exhort you, brethren, admonish the disorderly, comfort the feeble-minded, support the infirm, be patient unto all;
• 1 Tim 3:4-5 : 4 his own house leading well, having children in subjection with all gravity, 5 (and if any one his own house `how' to lead hath not known, how an assembly of God shall he take care of?)
• 1 Tim 4:13 : 13 till I come, give heed to the reading, to the exhortation, to the teaching;
• Heb 13:7 : 7 Be mindful of those leading you, who did speak to you the word of God, whose faith -- considering the issue of the behaviour -- be imitating,
• Heb 13:17 : 17 Be obedient to those leading you, and be subject, for these do watch for your souls, as about to give account, that with joy they may do this, and not sighing, for this `is' unprofitable to you.
• Heb 13:22 : 22 And I entreat you, brethren, suffer the word of the exhortation, for also through few words I have written to you.
• Heb 13:24 : 24 Salute all those leading you, and all the saints; salute you doth those from Italy:
• 1 Pet 4:9-9 : 9 hospitable to one another, without murmuring; 10 each, according as he received a gift, to one another ministering it, as good stewards of the manifold grace of God; 11 if any one doth speak -- `as oracles of God;' if any one doth minister -- `as of the ability which God doth supply;' that in all things God may be glorified through Jesus Christ, to whom is the glory and the power -- to the ages of the ages. Amen.
• Gen 18:19 : 19 for I have known him, that he commandeth his children, and his house after him (and they have kept the way of Jehovah), to do righteousness and judgment, that Jehovah may bring on Abraham that which He hath spoken concerning him.'
• 1 Pet 5:2-3 : 2 feed the flock of God that `is' among you, overseeing not constrainedly, but willingly, neither for filthy lucre, but of a ready mind, 3 neither as exercising lordship over the heritages, but patterns becoming of the flock,