Verse 36

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.36", "source": "יוֹלֵ֨ךְ יְהוָ֜ה אֹֽתְךָ֗ וְאֶֽת־מַלְכְּךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תָּקִ֣ים עָלֶ֔יךָ אֶל־גּ֕וֹי אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יָדַ֖עְתָּ אַתָּ֣ה וַאֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ וְעָבַ֥דְתָּ שָּׁ֛ם אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִ֖ים עֵ֥ץ וָאָֽבֶן׃", "text": "*Yōlēk* *YHWH* *ʾōtəkā* *wə*-*ʾet*-*malkəkā* which *tāqîm* upon-*ʿāleykā* unto-*gôy* which not-*yādaʿtā* *ʾattāh* *wa*-*ʾăbōteykā* *wə*-*ʿābadtā* there *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* *ʿēṣ* *wā*-*ʾāben*.", "grammar": { "*Yōlēk*": "imperfect Hiphil 3rd masculine singular - 'he will cause to go/lead'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - subject", "*ʾōtəkā*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'you'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*malkəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your king'", "*tāqîm*": "imperfect Hiphil 2nd masculine singular - 'you will set up/establish'", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'over you'", "*gôy*": "masculine singular noun - 'nation'", "*yādaʿtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you knew'", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular independent pronoun - 'you'", "*wa*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾăbōteykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your fathers'", "*ʿābadtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'you will serve'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'gods'", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - 'other'", "*ʿēṣ*": "masculine singular noun - 'wood'", "*wā*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾāben*": "feminine singular noun - 'stone'" }, "variants": { "*Yōlēk*": "lead/cause to go/drive/carry away", "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*ʿābadtā*": "serve/worship/be enslaved to", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*ʿēṣ wā-ʾāben*": "wood and stone/idols made of wood and stone" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Herren skal føre deg og kongen du velger til en nasjon som du ikke kjenner; der skal du tilbe andre guder, både av tre og stein.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Herren vil bringe deg og din konge som du setter over deg, til et folk som verken du eller dine fedre har kjent, og der skal du tjene andre guder, tre og stein.

• Norsk King James

  Herren skal føre deg, og din konge som du skal sette over deg, til en nasjon som verken du eller dine fedre har kjent; og der skal du tjene andre guder, tre og stein.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Herren skal føre deg og kongen du setter over deg, til en nasjon som verken du eller dine fedre har kjent, og der skal du tjene andre guder av tre og stein.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Herren skal føre deg og den kongen du setter over deg, bort til et folk du og dine fedre ikke har kjent, og der skal du tjene andre guder, tre og stein.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Herren skal føre deg, og den kongen du setter over deg, til en nasjon som verken du eller dine fedre har kjent; og der skal du tjene andre guder, av tre og stein.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  HERREN skal føre deg, og den konge du skal utpeke over deg, til et folk som verken du eller dine fedre har kjent; og der skal du tjene andre guder, både av tre og av stein.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Herren skal føre deg, og den kongen du setter over deg, til en nasjon som verken du eller dine fedre har kjent; og der skal du tjene andre guder, av tre og stein.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Herren skal føre deg og din konge, som du setter over deg, til en nasjon som verken du eller dine fedre har kjent, og der skal du tjene andre guder, laget av tre og stein.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The LORD will drive you and the king you set over yourself to a nation that neither you nor your ancestors have known, and there you will serve other gods made of wood and stone.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Herren skal føre deg og din konge som du setter over deg til et folk som verken du eller dine fedre har kjent, og der skal du dyrke andre guder, tre og stein.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Herren skal lade dig og din Konge, som du skal sætte over dig, gaae til et Folk, som hverken du, ei heller dine Fædre kjendte, og der skal du tjene andre Guder af Træ og Steen.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  The LORD shall bring thee, and thy king which thou shalt set over thee, unto a nation which neither thou nor thy fathers have known; and there shalt thou serve other gods, wood and stone.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Herren skal føre deg og den kongen du setter over deg til en nasjon som verken du eller dine fedre har kjent, og der skal du tjene andre guder, av tre og stein.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  The LORD shall bring you, and your king whom you shall set over you, unto a nation which neither you nor your fathers have known; and there you shall serve other gods, wood and stone.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  The LORD shall bring thee, and thy king which thou shalt set over thee, unto a nation which neither thou nor thy fathers have known; and there shalt thou serve other gods, wood and stone.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Yahweh skal føre deg og din konge, som du setter over deg, til et folkeslag du og dine fedre ikke har kjent. Der skal du tjene andre guder, av tre og stein.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Jehova vil føre deg, og din konge som du setter over deg, til et folk du ikke eller dine fedre har kjent, der skal du tjene andre guder av tre og stein.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Herren skal føre deg og din konge, som du setter over deg, til et folk du ikke kjenner, verken du eller dine fedre; og der skal du tjene andre guder, laget av tre og stein.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Deg og kongen som du setter over deg, skal Herren føre bort til et folk som verken du eller dine fedre har kjent, og der skal du tjene andre guder av tre og stein.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  The Lorde shall brynge both the and thy kynge which thou hast sett ouer the, vnto a nacyon whiche nether thou nor thy fathers haue knowne, and there thou shalt serue straunge goddes: euen wodd ad stone.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  The LORDE shal brynge the and thy kynge (which thou hast set ouer the) vnto a nacion, whom thou knowest not, nether thy fathers: and there shalt thou serue other goddes, euen wodd and stone:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  The Lord shall bring thee and thy King (which thou shalt set ouer thee) vnto a nation, which neither thou nor thy fathers haue knowen, and there thou shalt serue other gods: euen wood and stone,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  The Lord shall bryng thee and thy kyng whiche thou shalt set ouer thee, vnto a nation whiche neither thou nor thy fathers haue knowen, that there thou mayest serue straunge gods, euen wood and stone.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  The LORD shall bring thee, and thy king which thou shalt set over thee, unto a nation which neither thou nor thy fathers have known; and there shalt thou serve other gods, wood and stone.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Yahweh will bring you, and your king whom you shall set over you, to a nation that you have not known, you nor your fathers; and there shall you serve other gods, wood and stone.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `Jehovah doth cause thee to go, and thy king whom thou raisest up over thee, unto a nation which thou hast not known, thou and thy fathers, and thou hast served there other gods, wood and stone;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Jehovah will bring thee, and thy king whom thou shalt set over thee, unto a nation that thou hast not known, thou nor thy fathers; and there shalt thou serve other gods, wood and stone.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And you, and the king whom you have put over you, will the Lord take away to a nation strange to you and to your fathers; there you will be servants to other gods of wood and stone.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Yahweh will bring you, and your king whom you shall set over you, to a nation that you have not known, you nor your fathers; and there you shall serve other gods, wood and stone.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The LORD will force you and your king whom you will appoint over you to go away to a people whom you and your ancestors have not known, and you will serve other gods of wood and stone there.

Referenced Verses

• Deut 4:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.28", "source": "וַעֲבַדְתֶּם־שָׁ֣ם אֱלֹהִ֔ים מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה יְדֵ֣י אָדָ֑ם עֵ֣ץ וָאֶ֔בֶן אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־יִרְאוּן֙ וְלֹ֣א יִשְׁמְע֔וּן וְלֹ֥א יֹֽאכְל֖וּן וְלֹ֥א יְרִיחֻֽן׃", "text": "*wəʿăḇaḏtem*-there *ʾĕlōhîm*, *maʿăśēh* *yəḏê* *ʾāḏām*, *ʿēṣ* and-*ʾeḇen*, which not-*yirʾûn* and-not *yišməʿûn* and-not *yōʾḵəlûn* and-not *yərîḥun*.", "grammar": { "*wəʿăḇaḏtem*": "waw consecutive + verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you will serve", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods/deities", "*maʿăśēh*": "construct state, masculine singular noun - work/product of", "*yəḏê*": "construct state, feminine dual noun - hands of", "*ʾāḏām*": "masculine singular noun - man/mankind", "*ʿēṣ*": "masculine singular noun - wood/tree", "*ʾeḇen*": "feminine singular noun - stone", "*yirʾûn*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they see", "*yišməʿûn*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they hear", "*yōʾḵəlûn*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they eat", "*yərîḥun*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they smell" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/deities/divine beings (plural form)", "*maʿăśēh*": "work/product/handiwork", "*ʿēṣ*": "wood/tree/timber", "*ʾeḇen*": "stone/rock" } }
• 2 Kgs 25:11 : 11 { "verseID": "2 Kings.25.11", "source": "וְאֵת֩ יֶ֨תֶר הָעָ֜ם הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים בָּעִ֗יר וְאֶת־הַנֹּֽפְלִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָפְלוּ֙ עַל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל וְאֵ֖ת יֶ֣תֶר הֶהָמ֑וֹן הֶגְלָ֕ה נְבוּזַרְאֲדָ֖ן רַב־טַבָּחִֽים׃", "text": "And *ʾēt* *yeter* the *ʿām* the *nišʾārîm* in the *ʿîr* and *ʾet* the *nōpəlîm* *ʾăšer* *nāpəlû* to the *melek* *bāḇel* and *ʾēt* *yeter* the *hāmôn* *heglâ* *nəḇûzarʾădān* *raḇ* *ṭabbāḥîm*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*yeter*": "noun, masculine singular construct - remainder of", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*nišʾārîm*": "participle, niphal, masculine plural with definite article - the remaining ones/those left", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article and preposition - in the city", "*nōpəlîm*": "participle, qal, masculine plural with definite article - the defectors/those who fell away", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*nāpəlû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they fell/deserted", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article and preposition - to the king", "*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*yeter*": "noun, masculine singular construct - rest of", "*hāmôn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the multitude", "*heglâ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil stem - he exiled", "*nəḇûzarʾădān*": "proper noun - Nebuzaradan", "*raḇ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - guards/executioners" }, "variants": { "*yeter*": "remnant/remainder/rest", "*nišʾārîm*": "remaining/left/surviving", "*nōpəlîm*": "deserters/defectors/those who fell away", "*nāpəlû*": "fell/deserted/defected", "*hāmôn*": "multitude/crowd/throng", "*heglâ*": "exiled/took into exile/deported" } }
• Jer 16:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.16.13", "source": "וְהֵטַלְתִּ֣י אֶתְכֶ֗ם מֵעַל֙ הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את עַל־הָאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם אַתֶּ֖ם וַאֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם וַעֲבַדְתֶּם־שָׁ֞ם אֶת־אֱלֹהִ֤ים אֲחֵרִים֙ יוֹמָ֣ם וָלַ֔יְלָה אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־אֶתֵּ֥ן לָכֶ֖ם חֲנִינָֽה׃", "text": "And-*hēṭaltî* you from-upon *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ha-zzōʾṯ* to *hā-ʾāreṣ* which not *yəḏaʿtem*, you and-*ʾăḇôṯêḵem* and-*ʿăḇaḏtem*-there *ʾeṯ*-*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* *yômām* and-*laylāh* which not-*ʾettēn* to-you *ḥănînāh*", "grammar": { "*hēṭaltî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I have hurled/cast", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land/earth", "*ha-zzōʾṯ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*yəḏaʿtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you knew", "*ʾăḇôṯêḵem*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*ʿăḇaḏtem*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall serve", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other/foreign", "*yômām*": "adverb - by day/daily", "*laylāh*": "masculine singular noun - night", "*ʾettēn*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will give", "*ḥănînāh*": "feminine singular noun - favor/grace" }, "variants": { "*hēṭaltî*": "hurled/cast/thrown", "*yāḏaʿ*": "know/understand/experience", "*ḥănînāh*": "favor/grace/mercy" } }
• 2 Chr 36:6 : 6 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.6", "source": "עָלָ֣יו עָלָ֔ה נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּ֖ר מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֑ל וַיַּֽאַסְרֵ֙הוּ֙ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם לְהֹלִיכ֖וֹ בָּבֶֽלָה׃", "text": "Against-him *ʿālâ* *nəbûkadneʾṣṣar* *melek* *bābel* and *wayaʾasrēhû* in-the-*nəḥuštayim* to-*hôlîkô* *bābelâ*", "grammar": { "*ʿālâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he came up", "*nəbûkadneʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*wayaʾasrēhû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he bound him", "*nəḥuštayim*": "dual noun with definite article - bronze fetters/chains", "*hôlîkô*": "Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to cause him to go/to lead him", "*bābelâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Babylon" }, "variants": { "*ʿālâ*": "came up/went up/attacked", "*wayaʾasrēhû*": "he bound him/he chained him/he imprisoned him", "*nəḥuštayim*": "bronze fetters/copper chains/bronze shackles" } }
• 2 Chr 36:20 : 20 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.20", "source": "וַיֶּ֛גֶל הַשְּׁאֵרִ֥ית מִן־הַחֶ֖רֶב אֶל־בָּבֶ֑ל וַֽיִּהְיוּ־ל֤וֹ וּלְבָנָיו֙ לַעֲבָדִ֔ים עַד־מְלֹ֖ךְ מַלְכ֥וּת פָּרָֽס׃", "text": "And *wayyegel* the-*šəʾērît* from-the-*ḥereb* to-*bābel* and *wayyihyû*-to-him and-to-his-sons for-*ʿăbādîm* until-*məlōk* *malkût* *pārās*", "grammar": { "*wayyegel*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he exiled", "*šəʾērît*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the remnant", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*bābel*": "proper noun with preposition - to Babylon", "*wayyihyû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they became", "*ʿăbādîm*": "masculine plural noun with preposition - for servants", "*məlōk*": "Qal infinitive construct - reigning of", "*malkût*": "feminine singular construct noun - kingdom of", "*pārās*": "proper noun - Persia" }, "variants": { "*wayyegel*": "he exiled/he carried away/he deported", "*šəʾērît*": "remnant/remainder/survivors", "*ʿăbādîm*": "servants/slaves" } }
• 2 Chr 36:17 : 17 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.17", "source": "וַיַּ֨עַל עֲלֵיהֶ֜ם אֶת־מֶ֣לֶךְ *כשדיים **כַּשְׂדִּ֗ים וַיַּהֲרֹ֨ג בַּחוּרֵיהֶ֤ם בַּחֶ֙רֶב֙ בְּבֵ֣ית מִקְדָּשָׁ֔ם וְלֹ֥א חָמַ֛ל עַל־בָּח֥וּר וּבְתוּלָ֖ה זָקֵ֣ן וְיָשֵׁ֑שׁ הַכֹּ֖ל נָתַ֥ן בְּיָדֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿal* against-them *ʾet*-*melek* *kaśdîm* and *wayyahărōg* their-*baḥûrêhem* with-the-*ḥereb* in-*bêt* their-*miqdāšām* and-not *ḥāmal* on-*bāḥûr* and-*bĕtûlâ* *zāqēn* and-*yāšēš* the-all *nātan* in-his-hand", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿal*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he brought up", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans", "*wayyahărōg*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he killed", "*baḥûrêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their young men", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*miqdāšām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sanctuary", "*ḥāmal*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he had compassion", "*bāḥûr*": "masculine singular noun - young man", "*bĕtûlâ*": "feminine singular noun - virgin", "*zāqēn*": "masculine singular adjective - old", "*yāšēš*": "masculine singular adjective - very aged", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he gave" }, "variants": { "*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Babylonians", "*wayyahărōg*": "he killed/he slew/he put to death", "*ḥāmal*": "had compassion/spared/showed pity", "*yāšēš*": "very aged/decrepit/infirm" } }
• 2 Chr 33:11 : 11 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.33.11", "source": "וַיָּבֵ֨א יְהוָ֜ה עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם אֶת־שָׂרֵ֤י הַצָּבָא֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר וַיִּלְכְּד֥וּ אֶת־מְנַשֶּׁ֖ה בַּחֹחִ֑ים וַיַּֽאַסְרֻ֙הוּ֙ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם וַיּוֹלִיכֻ֖הוּ בָּבֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*Wayyāvêʾ* *YHWH* *ʿălêhem* *ʾet*-*sārê* *haṣṣāvāʾ* *ăsher* *lemelek* *ʾAshshûr* *wayyilkedû* *ʾet*-*Menasheh* *baḥōḥîm* *wayyaʾasruhû* *banneḥushtayim* *wayyôlîkhûhû* *Bāvelāh*", "grammar": { "*Wayyāvêʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he brought", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*sārê*": "masculine plural construct - commanders of", "*haṣṣāvāʾ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the army", "*ăsher*": "relative particle - who/which", "*lemelek*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - belonging to king of", "*ʾAshshûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*wayyilkedû*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they captured", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Menasheh*": "proper noun - Manasseh", "*baḥōḥîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - with hooks", "*wayyaʾasruhû*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they bound him", "*banneḥushtayim*": "preposition + definite article + feminine dual noun - with bronze fetters", "*wayyôlîkhûhû*": "Hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they brought him", "*Bāvelāh*": "proper noun + directional heh - to Babylon" }, "variants": { "*sārê* *haṣṣāvāʾ*": "commanders of the army/military officers", "*baḥōḥîm*": "with hooks/with thorns/with nose rings", "*neḥushtayim*": "double bronze fetters/copper chains" } }
• Deut 28:64 : 64 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.64", "source": "וֶהֱפִֽיצְךָ֤ יְהוָה֙ בְּכָל־הָ֣עַמִּ֔ים מִקְצֵ֥ה הָאָ֖רֶץ וְעַד־קְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֑רֶץ וְעָבַ֨דְתָּ שָּׁ֜ם אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹא־יָדַ֛עְתָּ אַתָּ֥ה וַאֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ עֵ֥ץ וָאָֽבֶן׃", "text": "And-*hēpîṣĕkā* *YHWH* in-all-the-*ʿammîm* from-*qĕṣēh* the-*ʾāreṣ* and-until-*qĕṣēh* the-*ʾāreṣ*; and-*ʿābadtā* there *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* which not-*yādaʿtā* you and-*ʾăbōtêkā*, *ʿēṣ* and-*ʾāben*.", "grammar": { "*hēpîṣĕkā*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will scatter you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʿammîm*": "noun masculine plural - peoples/nations", "*qĕṣēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - end of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land", "*ʿābadtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you will serve", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective masculine plural - other/foreign", "*yādaʿtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you knew", "*ʾăbōtêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your fathers", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun masculine singular - wood/tree", "*ʾāben*": "noun feminine singular - stone" }, "variants": { "*hēpîṣĕkā*": "he will scatter you/disperse you/spread you abroad", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*qĕṣēh*": "end/extremity/border", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/world", "*ʿābadtā*": "you will serve/worship/be subject to", "*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*yādaʿtā*": "you knew/were acquainted with/experienced", "*ʿēṣ*": "wood/tree/timber", "*ʾāben*": "stone/rock" } }
• Jer 39:5-7 : 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.5", "source": "וַיִּרְדְּפ֨וּ חֵיל־כַּשְׂדִּ֜ים אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם וַיַּשִּׂ֣גוּ אֶת־צִדְקִיָּהוּ֮ בְּעַֽרְב֣וֹת יְרֵחוֹ֒ וַיִּקְח֣וּ אֹת֗וֹ וַֽ֠יַּעֲלֻהוּ אֶל־נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֧ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֛ל רִבְלָ֖תָה בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חֲמָ֑ת וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אִתּ֖וֹ מִשְׁפָּטִֽים׃", "text": "And-*yirdəpû* *ḥêl*-*kaśdîm* after-them, and-*yaśśîgû* *ʾet*-*ṣidqiyyāhû* in-*ʿarbôt* *yərēḥô*, and-*yiqḥû* him and-*yaʿăluhû* to-*nəbûkadreʾṣṣar* *melek*-*bābel* *riblātāh* in-*ʾereṣ* *ḥămāt*, and-*yədabbēr* with-him *mišpāṭîm*.", "grammar": { "*yirdəpû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they pursued", "*ḥêl*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - army/force of", "*kaśdîm*": "proper name, masculine, plural - Chaldeans", "*yaśśîgû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they overtook/caught", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper name, masculine - Zedekiah", "*ʿarbôt*": "noun, feminine, plural, construct - plains of", "*yərēḥô*": "proper name - Jericho", "*yiqḥû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they took", "*yaʿăluhû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix + waw consecutive - and they brought him up", "*nəbûkadreʾṣṣar*": "proper name, masculine - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper name - Babylon", "*riblātāh*": "proper name with directional he - to Riblah", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - land of", "*ḥămāt*": "proper name - Hamath", "*yədabbēr*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and he spoke", "*mišpāṭîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - judgments" }, "variants": { "*ḥêl*-*kaśdîm*": "army of the Chaldeans/Chaldean forces", "*yaśśîgû*": "overtook/caught/reached/captured", "*ʿarbôt*": "plains/desert plains/steppes", "*yaʿăluhû*": "brought him up/took him up/led him up", "*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/sentences/legal decisions/punishments" } } 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.6", "source": "וַיִּשְׁחַט֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ בָּבֶ֜ל אֶת־בְּנֵ֧י צִדְקִיָּ֛הוּ בְּרִבְלָ֖ה לְעֵינָ֑יו וְאֵת֙ כָּל־חֹרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה שָׁחַ֖ט מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶֽל׃", "text": "And-*yišḥaṭ* *melek* *bābel* *ʾet*-*bənê* *ṣidqiyyāhû* in-*riblāh* before-his-eyes, and-*ʾēt* all-*ḥōrê* *yəhûdāh* *šāḥaṭ* *melek* *bābel*.", "grammar": { "*yišḥaṭ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and he slaughtered", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper name - Babylon", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - sons of", "*ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper name, masculine - Zedekiah", "*riblāh*": "proper name - Riblah", "*ləʿênāyw*": "preposition + noun, feminine, dual + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - before his eyes", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ḥōrê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - nobles of", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper name - Judah", "*šāḥaṭ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he slaughtered" }, "variants": { "*yišḥaṭ*": "slaughtered/butchered/killed", "*bənê*": "sons/children", "*ḥōrê*": "nobles/officials/free men" } } 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.7", "source": "וְאֶת־עֵינֵ֥י צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ עִוֵּ֑ר וַיַּאַסְרֵ֙הוּ֙ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם לָבִ֥יא אֹת֖וֹ בָּבֶֽלָה׃", "text": "And-*ʾet*-*ʿênê* *ṣidqiyyāhû* *ʿiwwēr*, and-*yaʾasrēhû* in-the-*nəḥuštayim* to-*lābîʾ* him *bābelāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine, dual, construct - eyes of", "*ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper name, masculine - Zedekiah", "*ʿiwwēr*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he blinded", "*yaʾasrēhû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix + waw consecutive - and he bound him", "*nəḥuštayim*": "noun, feminine, dual with definite article - the bronze fetters/chains", "*lābîʾ*": "preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to bring", "*bābelāh*": "proper name with directional he - to Babylon" }, "variants": { "*ʿiwwēr*": "blinded/made blind", "*yaʾasrēhû*": "bound him/tied him/shackled him", "*nəḥuštayim*": "bronze fetters/chains/shackles/double chains", "*lābîʾ*": "to bring/to lead/to carry" } }
• Jer 52:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.8", "source": "וַיִּרְדְּפ֤וּ חֵיל־כַּשְׂדִּים֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַיַּשִּׂ֥יגוּ אֶת־צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ת יְרֵח֑וֹ וְכָל־חֵיל֔וֹ נָפֹ֖צוּ מֵעָלָֽיו׃", "text": "*wa*-*yirdəpû* *ḥêl*-*kaśdîm* *ʾaḥărê* *ha*-*melek* *wa*-*yaśśîgû* *ʾet*-*ṣidqîyāhû* *bə*-*ʿarbôt* *yərēḥô* *wə*-*kāl*-*ḥêlô* *nāpōṣû* *mē*-*ʿālāyw*", "grammar": { "*wa*-*yirdəpû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they pursued", "*ḥêl*-*kaśdîm*": "noun construct + proper noun, plural - army of Chaldeans", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*ha*-*melek*": "definite article + noun - the king", "*wa*-*yaśśîgû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they overtook", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ṣidqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*bə*-*ʿarbôt*": "preposition + noun, plural construct - in plains of", "*yərēḥô*": "proper noun - Jericho", "*wə*-*kāl*-*ḥêlô*": "conjunction + noun construct + noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and all his army", "*nāpōṣû*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - were scattered", "*mē*-*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - from him" }, "variants": { "*yirdəpû*": "pursued/chased", "*yaśśîgû*": "overtook/caught up to/reached", "*ʿarbôt*": "plains/deserts/steppes", "*nāpōṣû*": "were scattered/dispersed/spread out" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.9", "source": "וַֽיִּתְפְּשׂוּ֙ אֶת־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַיַּעֲל֨וּ אֹת֜וֹ אֶל־מֶ֧לֶךְ בָּבֶ֛ל רִבְלָ֖תָה בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חֲמָ֑ת וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אִתּ֖וֹ מִשְׁפָּטִֽים׃", "text": "*wa*-*yitpəśû* *ʾet*-*ha*-*melek* *wa*-*yaʿălû* *ʾōtô* *ʾel*-*melek* *bābel* *riblātâ* *bə*-*ʾereṣ* *ḥămāt* *wa*-*yədabbēr* *ʾittô* *mišpāṭîm*", "grammar": { "*wa*-*yitpəśû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they seized", "*ʾet*-*ha*-*melek*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun - the king", "*wa*-*yaʿălû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they brought up", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*ʾel*-*melek*": "preposition + noun construct - to king of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*riblātâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Riblah", "*bə*-*ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun construct - in land of", "*ḥămāt*": "proper noun - Hamath", "*wa*-*yədabbēr*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he pronounced", "*ʾittô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him", "*mišpāṭîm*": "noun, plural - judgments" }, "variants": { "*yitpəśû*": "seized/captured/took hold of", "*yaʿălû*": "brought up/led up/took up", "*yədabbēr*": "spoke/declared/pronounced", "*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/sentences/legal decisions" } } 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.10", "source": "וַיִּשְׁחַ֧ט מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֛ל אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ לְעֵינָ֑יו וְגַ֛ם אֶת־כָּל־שָׂרֵ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה שָׁחַ֥ט בְּרִבְלָֽתָה׃", "text": "*wa*-*yišḥaṭ* *melek*-*bābel* *ʾet*-*bənê* *ṣidqîyāhû* *lə*-*ʿênāyw* *wə*-*gam* *ʾet*-*kāl*-*śārê* *yəhûdâ* *šāḥaṭ* *bə*-*riblātâ*", "grammar": { "*wa*-*yišḥaṭ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he slaughtered", "*melek*-*bābel*": "noun construct + proper noun - king of Babylon", "*ʾet*-*bənê*": "direct object marker + noun construct plural - sons of", "*ṣidqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*lə*-*ʿênāyw*": "preposition + noun plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - before his eyes", "*wə*-*gam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also", "*ʾet*-*kāl*-*śārê*": "direct object marker + noun construct + noun construct plural - all princes/officials of", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*šāḥaṭ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he slaughtered", "*bə*-*riblātâ*": "preposition + proper noun - in Riblah" }, "variants": { "*yišḥaṭ*": "slaughtered/slew/killed", "*bənê*": "sons/children", "*śārê*": "princes/officials/nobles" } } 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.11", "source": "וְאֶת־עֵינֵ֥י צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ עִוֵּ֑ר וַיַּאַסְרֵ֣הוּ בַֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֗יִם וַיְבִאֵ֤הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֙ בָּבֶ֔לָה וַיִּתְּנֵ֥הוּ בבית־בֵֽית־הַפְּקֻדֹּ֖ת עַד־י֥וֹם מוֹתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə*-*ʾet*-*ʿênê* *ṣidqîyāhû* *ʿiwwēr* *wa*-*yaʾasrēhû* *ba*-*nəḥuštayim* *wa*-*yəbiʾēhû* *melek*-*bābel* *bābelâ* *wa*-*yittənēhû* *bêt*-*ha*-*pəquddōt* *ʿad*-*yôm* *môtô*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*ʾet*-*ʿênê*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun construct plural - and eyes of", "*ṣidqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*ʿiwwēr*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he blinded", "*wa*-*yaʾasrēhû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he bound him", "*ba*-*nəḥuštayim*": "preposition + noun, dual - with bronze fetters", "*wa*-*yəbiʾēhû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he brought him", "*melek*-*bābel*": "noun construct + proper noun - king of Babylon", "*bābelâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Babylon", "*wa*-*yittənēhû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he put him", "*bêt*-*ha*-*pəquddōt*": "noun construct + definite article + noun, plural - house of custody/prison", "*ʿad*-*yôm*": "preposition + noun construct - until day of", "*môtô*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his death" }, "variants": { "*ʿiwwēr*": "blinded/made blind", "*nəḥuštayim*": "bronze fetters/chains/shackles (dual form)", "*bêt*-*ha*-*pəquddōt*": "prison house/house of custody/house of visitation", "*bêt*": "appears as both בבית and בֵֽית in text" } }
• Lam 4:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Lamentations.4.20", "source": "ר֤וּחַ אַפֵּ֙ינוּ֙ מְשִׁ֣יחַ יְהוָ֔ה נִלְכַּ֖ד בִּשְׁחִיתוֹתָ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֔רְנוּ בְּצִלּ֖וֹ נִֽחְיֶ֥ה בַגּוֹיִֽם׃", "text": "The *rûaḥ ʾappênû*, *məšîaḥ YHWH*, was *nilkaḏ* in their *šəḥîṯôṯām*, of whom we *ʾāmarnû*, in his *ṣillô* we will *niḥyeh* among the *gôyim*", "grammar": { "*rûaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - breath of", "*ʾappênû*": "masculine dual noun with 1st common plural suffix - our nostrils", "*məšîaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - anointed of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*nilkaḏ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was captured", "*bi-šəḥîṯôṯām*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their pits", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/whom/which", "*ʾāmarnû*": "Qal perfect, 1st common plural - we said", "*bə-ṣillô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his shadow", "*niḥyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common plural - we will live", "*ba-gôyim*": "preposition + definite masculine plural noun - among the nations" }, "variants": { "*rûaḥ ʾappênû*": "breath of our nostrils/life of our breath/vital spirit", "*məšîaḥ YHWH*": "anointed of YHWH/YHWH's chosen one", "*nilkaḏ*": "was captured/was caught/was taken", "*šəḥîṯôṯām*": "their pits/their traps/their snares", "*ṣillô*": "his shadow/his shade/his protection", "*niḥyeh*": "we will live/we will survive/we will exist" } }
• Ezek 12:12-13 : 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.12.12", "source": "וְהַנָּשִׂ֨יא אֲשֶׁר־בְּתוֹכָ֜ם אֶל־כָּתֵ֤ף יִשָּׂא֙ בָּעֲלָטָ֣ה וְיֵצֵ֔א בַּקִּ֥יר יַחְתְּר֖וּ לְה֣וֹצִיא ב֑וֹ פָּנָ֣יו יְכַסֶּ֔ה יַ֗עַן אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־יִרְאֶ֥ה לַעַ֛יִן ה֖וּא אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And-the-*nāśîʾ* who-in-midst-of-them to-*kāṯēp̄* *yiśśāʾ* in-the-*ʿălāṭâ* and-*yēṣēʾ* in-the-*qîr* *yaḥtərû* to-*hôṣîʾ* through-it *pānāyw* *yəḵasseh* because that not-*yirʾeh* to-the-*ʿayin* he *ʾeṯ*-the-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*nāśîʾ*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the prince", "*kāṯēp̄*": "common noun, feminine singular - shoulder", "*yiśśāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will carry", "*ʿălāṭâ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the darkness", "*yēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will go out", "*qîr*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wall", "*yaḥtərû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - they will dig through", "*hôṣîʾ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to bring out", "*pānāyw*": "common noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face", "*yəḵasseh*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will cover", "*yirʾeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will see", "*ʿayin*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the eye", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/earth" }, "variants": { "*yaḥtərû*": "they will dig through/break through/penetrate" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.12.13", "source": "וּפָרַשְׂתִּ֤י אֶת־רִשְׁתִּי֙ עָלָ֔יו וְנִתְפַּ֖שׂ בִּמְצֽוּדָתִ֑י וְהֵבֵאתִ֨י אֹת֤וֹ בָבֶ֙לָה֙ אֶ֣רֶץ כַּשְׂדִּ֔ים וְאוֹתָ֥הּ לֹֽא־יִרְאֶ֖ה וְשָׁ֥ם יָמֽוּת׃", "text": "And-*pāraśtî* *ʾeṯ*-*rištî* upon-him and-*niṯpaś* in-*məṣûḏāṯî* and-*hēḇêṯî* him *ḇāḇelāh* *ʾereṣ* *kaśdîm* and-her not-*yirʾeh* and-there *yāmûṯ*", "grammar": { "*pāraśtî*": "qal perfect, 1st common singular - I will spread", "*rištî*": "common noun, feminine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my net", "*niṯpaś*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will be caught", "*məṣûḏāṯî*": "common noun, feminine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my snare", "*hēḇêṯî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st common singular - I will bring", "*ḇāḇelāh*": "proper noun with directional he - to Babylon", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Chaldeans", "*yirʾeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will see", "*yāmûṯ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will die" }, "variants": { "*məṣûḏāṯî*": "my snare/trap/net" } }
• Ezek 20:32-33 : 32 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.32", "source": "וְהָֽעֹלָה֙ עַל־ר֣וּחֲכֶ֔ם הָי֖וֹ לֹ֣א תִֽהְיֶ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ אַתֶּ֣ם אֹמְרִ֗ים נִֽהְיֶ֤ה כַגּוֹיִם֙ כְּמִשְׁפְּח֣וֹת הָאֲרָצ֔וֹת לְשָׁרֵ֖ת עֵ֥ץ וָאָֽבֶן׃", "text": "*wəhāʿōlâ* *ʿal*-*rûḥăḵem* *hāyô* *lōʾ* *ṯihyê* *ʾăšer* *ʾattem* *ʾōmərîm* *nihyê* *ḵaggôyim* *kəmišpəḥôṯ* *hāʾărāṣôṯ* *ləšārēṯ* *ʿēṣ* *wāʾāḇen*", "grammar": { "*wəhāʿōlâ*": "conjunction + definite article + participle, feminine singular - and that which comes up", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*rûḥăḵem*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your spirit/mind", "*hāyô*": "infinitive absolute - being/happening", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯihyê*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*ʾattem*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you", "*ʾōmərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - saying", "*nihyê*": "qal imperfect, 1st common plural - we will be", "*ḵaggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - like the nations", "*kəmišpəḥôṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - like the families/clans of", "*hāʾărāṣôṯ*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the lands/countries", "*ləšārēṯ*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to serve/minister to", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - wood/tree", "*wāʾāḇen*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and stone" }, "variants": { "*wəhāʿōlâ*": "and what comes up/and what enters/and what arises", "*rûḥăḵem*": "your spirit/your mind/your thoughts", "*hāyô* *lōʾ* *ṯihyê*": "surely will not happen/definitely will not come to pass/absolutely will not be", "*nihyê*": "let us be/we will become/we should be", "*ḵaggôyim*": "like the nations/like the gentiles/like the heathen", "*kəmišpəḥôṯ*": "like the families/like the clans/like the peoples", "*ləšārēṯ*": "to serve/to worship/to minister to", "*ʿēṣ* *wāʾāḇen*": "wood and stone [idiomatic for idols]" } } 33 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.33", "source": "חַי־אָ֕נִי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה אִם־לֹ֠א בְּיָ֨ד חֲזָקָ֜ה וּבִזְר֧וֹעַ נְטוּיָ֛ה וּבְחֵמָ֥ה שְׁפוּכָ֖ה אֶמְל֥וֹךְ עֲלֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*ḥay*-*ʾānî* *nəʾum* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *ʾim*-*lōʾ* *bəyāḏ* *ḥăzāqâ* *ûḇizrôaʿ* *nəṭûyâ* *ûḇəḥēmâ* *šəp̄ûḵâ* *ʾemlôḵ* *ʿălêḵem*", "grammar": { "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular - living/alive", "*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*nəʾum*": "construct noun, masculine singular - declaration of", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾim*-*lōʾ*": "conditional particle + negative particle - surely [positive oath formula]", "*bəyāḏ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - with hand", "*ḥăzāqâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - strong/mighty", "*ûḇizrôaʿ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and with arm", "*nəṭûyâ*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular - stretched out/extended", "*ûḇəḥēmâ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and with wrath", "*šəp̄ûḵâ*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular - poured out", "*ʾemlôḵ*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will rule/reign", "*ʿălêḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - over you" }, "variants": { "*ḥay*-*ʾānî*": "as I live/by my life/as surely as I live [oath formula]", "*nəʾum*": "declaration of/utterance of/oracle of", "*ʾim*-*lōʾ*": "surely/certainly [oath formula indicating positive assertion]", "*bəyāḏ* *ḥăzāqâ*": "with a mighty hand/with strong power/with firm control", "*ûḇizrôaʿ* *nəṭûyâ*": "with an outstretched arm/with extended power", "*ûḇəḥēmâ* *šəp̄ûḵâ*": "with poured out fury/with outpoured wrath/with unleashed anger", "*ʾemlôḵ*": "I will rule/I will reign/I will be king" } }
• Ezek 20:39 : 39 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.39", "source": "וְאַתֶּ֨ם בֵּֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהֹוִ֗ה אִ֤ישׁ גִּלּוּלָיו֙ לְכ֣וּ עֲבֹ֔דוּ וְאַחַ֕ר אִם־אֵינְכֶ֖ם שֹׁמְעִ֣ים אֵלָ֑י וְאֶת־שֵׁ֤ם קָדְשִׁי֙ לֹ֣א תְחַלְּלוּ־ע֔וֹד בְּמַתְּנֽוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם וּבְגִלּוּלֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wəʾattem* *bêṯ*-*yiśrāʾēl* *kōh*-*ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *ʾîš* *gillûlāyw* *ləḵû* *ʿăḇōḏû* *wəʾaḥar* *ʾim*-*ʾênəḵem* *šōməʿîm* *ʾēlāy* *wəʾeṯ*-*šēm* *qāḏəšî* *lōʾ* *ṯəḥalləlû*-*ʿôḏ* *bəmattənôṯêḵem* *ûḇəḡillûlêḵem*", "grammar": { "*wəʾattem*": "conjunction + pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - and you", "*bêṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man/each one", "*gillûlāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his idols", "*ləḵû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - go", "*ʿăḇōḏû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - serve/worship", "*wəʾaḥar*": "conjunction + adverb - and afterward", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*ʾênəḵem*": "particle of negation + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you are not", "*šōməʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - hearing/listening", "*ʾēlāy*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - to me", "*wəʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*qāḏəšî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - my holiness", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯəḥalləlû*": "piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you will profane", "*ʿôḏ*": "adverb - still/anymore", "*bəmattənôṯêḵem*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - with your gifts", "*ûḇəḡillûlêḵem*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - and with your idols" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš* *gillûlāyw*": "each with his idols/each one his dung-gods/everyone his filthy things", "*ləḵû* *ʿăḇōḏû*": "go serve/go worship/go and serve [may be ironic or permissive]", "*ʾim*-*ʾênəḵem* *šōməʿîm*": "if you will not listen/if you are not hearing/if you refuse to obey", "*šēm* *qāḏəšî*": "my holy name/name of my holiness/my sacred name", "*ṯəḥalləlû*": "you will profane/you will defile/you will pollute", "*bəmattənôṯêḵem*": "with your gifts/with your offerings/with your presents", "*ûḇəḡillûlêḵem*": "and with your idols/and with your dung-gods/and with your filthy things" } }
• Jer 22:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.11", "source": "׃22 11 כִּ֣י כֹ֣ה אָֽמַר־יְ֠הוָה אֶל־שַׁלֻּ֨ם בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֜הוּ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֗ה הַמֹּלֵךְ֙ תַּ֚חַת יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ אָבִ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָצָ֖א מִן־הַמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה לֹֽא־יָשׁ֥וּב שָׁ֖ם עֽוֹד׃", "text": "For thus *ʾāmar-YHWH* concerning *Šallum* son of *Yōʾšiyyāhû* *melek* *Yᵉhûdāh* the *mōlēk* instead of *Yōʾšiyyāhû* *ʾābîw*, who *yāṣāʾ* from *hammāqôm* the this: not *yāšûb* there again.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus, so", "*ʾāmar-YHWH*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal + divine name - YHWH said", "*ʾel-Šallum*": "preposition + proper noun - concerning Shallum", "*ben-Yōʾšiyyāhû*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - son of Josiah", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yᵉhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ha-mmōlēk*": "definite article + participle, masculine singular, qal - the one reigning", "*taḥat*": "preposition - instead of/in place of", "*Yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper noun - Josiah", "*ʾābîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*yāṣāʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he went out", "*min-ha-mmāqôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - from the place", "*ha-zzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative, masculine singular - this", "*lōʾ-yāšûb*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he will not return", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/yet/still" }, "variants": { "*mōlēk*": "one reigning/ruling/being king", "*yāṣāʾ*": "he went out/departed/left", "*māqôm*": "place/location/site", "*yāšûb*": "he will return/come back" } } 12 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.12", "source": "׃22 12 כִּ֗י בִּמְק֛וֹם אֲשֶׁר־הִגְל֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ שָׁ֣ם יָמ֑וּת וְאֶת־הָאָ֥רֶץ הַזֹּ֖את לֹֽא־יִרְאֶ֥ה עֽוֹד׃ ס", "text": "For in *mᵉqôm* that *higlû* him there *yāmût*, and *ʾet-hāʾāreṣ* the this not *yirʾeh* again.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bi-mᵉqôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*higlû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural, hiphil - they exiled", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*yāmût*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he will die", "*wᵉ-ʾet-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the land", "*ha-zzōʾt*": "definite article + demonstrative, feminine singular - this", "*lōʾ-yirʾeh*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he will not see", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/yet/still" }, "variants": { "*mᵉqôm*": "place/location/site", "*higlû*": "they exiled/deported/carried away captive", "*yāmût*": "he will die/expire", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*yirʾeh*": "he will see/behold/view" } }
• Jer 22:24-27 : 24 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.24", "source": "׃22 24 חַי־אָנִי֮ נְאֻם־יְהוָה֒ כִּ֣י אִם־יִהְיֶ֞ה כָּנְיָ֤הוּ בֶן־יְהֽוֹיָקִים֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה חוֹתָ֖ם עַל־יַ֣ד יְמִינִ֑י כִּ֥י מִשָּׁ֖ם אֶתְּקֶֽנְךָּ׃", "text": "*Ḥay-ʾānî* *nᵉʾum-YHWH*, that if *yihyeh* *Konyāhû* son of *Yᵉhôyāqîm* *melek* *Yᵉhûdāh* *ḥôtām* on *yad* *yᵉmînî*, for from there *ʾetqenkkā*.", "grammar": { "*ḥay-ʾānî*": "adjective, masculine singular + 1st singular independent pronoun - as I live", "*nᵉʾum-YHWH*": "noun, masculine singular construct + divine name - declaration of YHWH", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾim-yihyeh*": "conditional particle + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - if he will be", "*Konyāhû*": "proper noun - Coniah", "*ben-Yᵉhôyāqîm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - son of Jehoiakim", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yᵉhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ḥôtām*": "noun, masculine singular - signet ring", "*ʿal-yad*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - on hand of", "*yᵉmînî*": "adjective, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my right", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*mi-ššām*": "preposition + adverb - from there", "*ʾetqenkkā*": "imperfect, 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix, qal - I will pluck you" }, "variants": { "*ḥay-ʾānî*": "as I live/by my life", "*nᵉʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*ḥôtām*": "signet ring/seal", "*yᵉmînî*": "my right/right hand", "*ʾetqenkkā*": "I will pluck you/pull you off/tear you away" } } 25 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.25", "source": "׃22 25 וּנְתַתִּ֗יךָ בְּיַד֙ מְבַקְשֵׁ֣י נַפְשֶׁ֔ךָ וּבְיַ֛ד אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה יָג֖וֹר מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑ם וּבְיַ֛ד נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֥ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל וּבְיַ֥ד הַכַּשְׂדִּֽים׃", "text": "And *nᵉtattîkā* in *yad* *mᵉbaqqᵉšê* *napšekā* and in *yad* whom you *yāgôr* from them, and in *yad* *Nᵉbûkadreʾṣṣar* *melek-Bābel* and in *yad* *haKkaśdîm*.", "grammar": { "*û-nᵉtattîkā*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix, qal - and I will give you", "*bᵉ-yad*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - into hand of", "*mᵉbaqqᵉšê*": "participle, masculine plural construct, piel - seekers of", "*napšekā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your life", "*û-bᵉ-yad*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and into hand of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*yāgôr*": "participle, masculine singular, qal - fearing", "*mi-ppᵉnêhem*": "preposition + noun, common plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them", "*û-bᵉ-yad*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and into hand of", "*Nᵉbûkadreʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek-Bābel*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - king of Babylon", "*û-bᵉ-yad*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and into hand of", "*ha-Kkaśdîm*": "definite article + proper noun, masculine plural - the Chaldeans" }, "variants": { "*nᵉtattîkā*": "I will give you/deliver you/hand you over", "*mᵉbaqqᵉšê napšekā*": "seekers of your life/those who want to kill you", "*yāgôr*": "fearing/dreading/afraid of", "*Kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Babylonians" } } 26 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.26", "source": "׃22 26 וְהֵֽטַלְתִּ֣י אֹתְךָ֗ וְאֶֽת־אִמְּךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יְלָדַ֔תְךָ עַ֚ל הָאָ֣רֶץ אַחֶ֔רֶת אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יֻלַּדְתֶּ֖ם שָׁ֑ם וְשָׁ֖ם תָּמֽוּתוּ׃", "text": "And *hēṭaltî* you and *ʾet-ʾimmᵉkā* who *yᵉlādatkā* upon *hāʾāreṣ* *ʾaḥeret* where not *yulladetem* there, and there *tāmûtû*.", "grammar": { "*wᵉ-hēṭaltî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular with waw consecutive, hiphil - and I will hurl", "*ʾōtᵉkā*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine singular suffix - you", "*wᵉ-ʾet-ʾimmᵉkā*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your mother", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*yᵉlādatkā*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix, qal - she bore you", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*ʾaḥeret*": "adjective, feminine singular - another", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - where", "*lōʾ-yulladetem*": "negative particle + perfect, 2nd masculine plural, pual - you were not born", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*wᵉ-šām*": "conjunction + adverb - and there", "*tāmûtû*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, qal - you will die" }, "variants": { "*hēṭaltî*": "I will hurl/cast/throw", "*yᵉlādatkā*": "she bore you/gave birth to you", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/country", "*ʾaḥeret*": "another/different/foreign", "*yulladetem*": "you were born/brought forth", "*tāmûtû*": "you will die/expire" } } 27 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.27", "source": "׃22 27 וְעַל־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־הֵ֛ם מְנַשְּׂאִ֥ים אֶת־נַפְשָׁ֖ם לָשׁ֣וּב שָׁ֑ם שָׁ֖מָּה לֹ֥א יָשֽׁוּבוּ׃ ס", "text": "And to *hāʾāreṣ* which they *mᵉnaśśᵉʾîm* *ʾet-napšām* to *lāšûb* there, there not *yāšûbû*.", "grammar": { "*wᵉ-ʿal-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and to the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*hēm*": "3rd masculine plural independent pronoun - they", "*mᵉnaśśᵉʾîm*": "participle, masculine plural, piel - lifting up", "*ʾet-napšām*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their soul", "*lā-šûb*": "preposition + infinitive construct, qal - to return", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*šāmmāh*": "adverb with directional he - there", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yāšûbû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal - they will return" }, "variants": { "*mᵉnaśśᵉʾîm ʾet-napšām*": "lifting up their soul/longing/desiring earnestly", "*lāšûb*": "to return/come back/restore", "*yāšûbû*": "they will return/come back" } }
• Jer 24:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.24.8", "source": "וְכַתְּאֵנִים֙ הָֽרָע֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תֵאָכַ֖לְנָה מֵרֹ֑עַ כִּי־כֹ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה כֵּ֣ן אֶ֠תֵּן אֶת־צִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֤ה וְאֶת־שָׂרָיו֙ וְאֵ֣ת ׀ שְׁאֵרִ֣ית יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם הַנִּשְׁאָרִים֙ בָּאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את וְהַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "*wə-ḵattəʾēnîm* *hārāʿôt* which not-*tēʾāḵalnāh* from-*rōaʿ* for-thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* so *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-*Ṣidqiyyāhû* *meleḵ*-*Yəhûdāh* *wə-ʾet*-*śārāyw* and *ʾēt* *šəʾērît* *Yərûšālaim* *hannišʾārîm* in-*hāʾāreṣ* *hazzōʾt* *wə-hayyōšəḇîm* in-*ʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ḵattəʾēnîm*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine plural with definite article - and like the figs", "*hārāʿôt*": "feminine plural adjective with definite article - the bad", "*tēʾāḵalnāh*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they could be eaten", "*rōaʿ*": "masculine singular - badness/evil", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*ʾettēn*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will give/make", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*śārāyw*": "masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his officials", "*šəʾērît*": "feminine singular construct - remnant of", "*hannišʾārîm*": "Niphal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones remaining", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*hazzōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective, feminine singular - this", "*wə-hayyōšəḇîm*": "conjunction + Qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - and the ones dwelling", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of" }, "variants": { "*rōaʿ*": "badness/evil/poor quality", "*šəʾērît*": "remnant/remainder/survivors", "*hannišʾārîm*": "remaining/left behind/survived", "*hayyōšəḇîm*": "dwelling/living/staying" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.24.9", "source": "וּנְתַתִּים֙ *לזועה **לְזַעֲוָ֣ה לְרָעָ֔ה לְכֹ֖ל מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הָאָ֑רֶץ לְחֶרְפָּ֤ה וּלְמָשָׁל֙ לִשְׁנִינָ֣ה וְלִקְלָלָ֔ה בְּכָל־הַמְּקֹמ֖וֹת אֲשֶֽׁר־אַדִּיחֵ֥ם שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*ûnətattîm* to-*zəʿăwāh* to-*rāʿāh* to-all *mamləḵôt* *hāʾāreṣ* to-*ḥerpāh* and-to-*māšāl* to-*šənînāh* and-to-*qəlālāh* in-all-*hamməqōmôt* which-*ʾaddîḥēm* there.", "grammar": { "*ûnətattîm*": "Qal perfect with waw conjunction, 1st singular with 3rd plural suffix - and I will give them", "*zəʿăwāh*": "feminine singular - horror/terror", "*rāʿāh*": "feminine singular - evil/disaster", "*mamləḵôt*": "feminine plural construct - kingdoms of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*ḥerpāh*": "feminine singular - reproach/disgrace", "*māšāl*": "masculine singular - proverb/byword", "*šənînāh*": "feminine singular - taunt/object of ridicule", "*qəlālāh*": "feminine singular - curse", "*hamməqōmôt*": "masculine plural with definite article - the places", "*ʾaddîḥēm*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st singular with 3rd plural suffix - I will drive them" }, "variants": { "*zəʿăwāh*": "horror/terror/object of trembling", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity", "*ḥerpāh*": "reproach/disgrace/shame", "*māšāl*": "proverb/byword/object of ridicule", "*šənînāh*": "taunt/byword/object of scorn", "*qəlālāh*": "curse/cursing/execration", "*ʾaddîḥēm*": "drive away/banish/scatter" } } 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.24.10", "source": "וְשִׁלַּ֣חְתִּי בָ֔ם אֶת־הַחֶ֖רֶב אֶת־הָרָעָ֣ב וְאֶת־הַדָּ֑בֶר עַד־תֻּמָּם֙ מֵעַ֣ל הָאֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥תִּי לָהֶ֖ם וְלַאֲבוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃ פ", "text": "*wə-šillaḥtî* among-them *ʾet*-*haḥereḇ* *ʾet*-*hārāʿāḇ* *wə-ʾet*-*haddāḇer* until-*tummām* from-upon *hāʾădāmāh* which-*nātattî* to-them and-to-*ʾăḇôtêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-šillaḥtî*": "Piel perfect with waw conjunction, 1st singular - and I will send", "*haḥereḇ*": "feminine singular with definite article - the sword", "*hārāʿāḇ*": "masculine singular with definite article - the famine", "*haddāḇer*": "masculine singular with definite article - the pestilence", "*tummām*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd plural suffix - their being consumed", "*hāʾădāmāh*": "feminine singular with definite article - the ground/land", "*nātattî*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular - I gave", "*ʾăḇôtêhem*": "masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their fathers" }, "variants": { "*haḥereḇ*": "sword/war/violence", "*hārāʿāḇ*": "famine/hunger", "*haddāḇer*": "pestilence/plague/disease", "*tummām*": "completion/consumption/end", "*hāʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/soil" } }
• 2 Kgs 17:4-6 : 4 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.4", "source": "וַיִּמְצָא֩ מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֨וּר בְּהוֹשֵׁ֜עַ קֶ֗שֶׁר אֲשֶׁ֨ר שָׁלַ֤ח מַלְאָכִים֙ אֶל־ס֣וֹא מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֔יִם וְלֹא־הֶעֱלָ֥ה מִנְחָ֛ה לְמֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּׁ֖וּר כְּשָׁנָ֣ה בְשָׁנָ֑ה וַֽיַּעְצְרֵ֙הוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר וַיַּאַסְרֵ֖הוּ בֵּ֥ית כֶּֽלֶא׃", "text": "*wə*-*yimṣāʾ* *melek*-*ʾashshūr* in-*hōshēaʿ* *qesher* *ʾăsher* *shālaḥ* *malʾākîm* to-*sōʾ* *melek*-*miṣrayim*, *wə*-*lōʾ*-*heʿĕlāh* *minḥāh* to-*melek* *ʾashshūr* as-*shānāh* in-*shānāh*, *wə*-*yaʿṣerēhū* *melek* *ʾashshūr* *wə*-*yaʾasrēhū* *bêt* *keleʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yimṣāʾ*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he found", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*ʾashshūr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*bə-hōshēaʿ*": "preposition with proper noun - in Hoshea", "*qesher*": "noun, masculine singular - conspiracy/treason", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - who/which", "*shālaḥ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he sent", "*malʾākîm*": "noun, masculine plural - messengers", "*ʾel-sōʾ*": "preposition with proper noun - to So", "*melek-miṣrayim*": "construct state with proper noun - king of Egypt", "*lōʾ-heʿĕlāh*": "negative particle with hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he did not bring up", "*minḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - tribute/offering", "*lə-melek*": "preposition with noun - to king of", "*kə-shānāh bə-shānāh*": "prepositional phrase - as year by year", "*yaʿṣerēhū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he restrained him", "*yaʾasrēhū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he bound him", "*bêt keleʾ*": "construct state with noun - house of imprisonment" }, "variants": { "*qesher*": "conspiracy/treason/plot", "*malʾākîm*": "messengers/ambassadors", "*heʿĕlāh*": "bring up/offer/pay", "*minḥāh*": "tribute/present/offering", "*yaʿṣerēhū*": "restrained/detained/seized him", "*yaʾasrēhū*": "bound/imprisoned him", "*bêt keleʾ*": "prison house/house of detention" } } 5 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.5", "source": "וַיַּ֥עַל מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֖וּר בְּכָל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיַּ֙עַל֙ שֹׁמְר֔וֹן וַיָּ֥צַר עָלֶ֖יהָ שָׁלֹ֥שׁ שָׁנִֽים׃", "text": "*wə*-*yaʿal* *melek*-*ʾashshūr* in-all-the-*ʾereṣ* *wə*-*yaʿal* *shōmerōn* *wə*-*yāṣar* against-her *shālōsh* *shānîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yaʿal*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he went up", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*ʾashshūr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*bə-kol-hā-ʾereṣ*": "preposition with particle and definite noun - in all the land", "*yaʿal*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he went up to", "*shōmerōn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*yāṣar*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he besieged", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - against her", "*shālōsh*": "numeral feminine - three", "*shānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - years" }, "variants": { "*yaʿal*": "went up/invaded/attacked", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/earth", "*yāṣar*": "besieged/encircled/laid siege" } } 6 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.6", "source": "בִּשְׁנַ֨ת הַתְּשִׁיעִ֜ית לְהוֹשֵׁ֗עַ לָכַ֤ד מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֙ אֶת־שֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן וַיֶּ֥גֶל אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אַשּׁ֑וּרָה וַיֹּ֨שֶׁב אֹתָ֜ם בַּחְלַ֧ח וּבְחָב֛וֹר נְהַ֥ר גּוֹזָ֖ן וְעָרֵ֥י מָדָֽי׃", "text": "In-*shānāh* the-*təshîʿît* to-*hōshēaʿ* *lākad* *melek*-*ʾashshūr* *ʾet*-*shōmerōn* *wə*-*yegel* *ʾet*-*yisrāʾēl* *ʾashshūrāh* *wə*-*yōsheb* *ʾōtām* in-*ḥalaḥ* and-in-*ḥābōr* *nəhar* *gōzān* and-*ʿārê* *māday*.", "grammar": { "*bi-shnat*": "preposition with construct state - in year of", "*ha-təshîʿît*": "definite adjective, feminine singular - the ninth", "*lə-hōshēaʿ*": "preposition with proper noun - to/of Hoshea", "*lākad*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he captured", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*ʾashshūr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʾet-shōmerōn*": "direct object marker with proper noun - Samaria", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yegel*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he exiled", "*ʾet-yisrāʾēl*": "direct object marker with proper noun - Israel", "*ʾashshūrāh*": "proper noun with directional suffix - to Assyria", "*yōsheb*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he settled", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*ba-ḥalaḥ*": "preposition with proper noun - in Halah", "*u-bə-ḥābōr*": "conjunction and preposition with proper noun - and in Habor", "*nəhar*": "construct state, masculine singular - river of", "*gōzān*": "proper noun - Gozan", "*wə-ʿārê*": "conjunction with construct plural - and cities of", "*māday*": "proper noun - Media" }, "variants": { "*lākad*": "captured/seized/took", "*yegel*": "exiled/deported/carried away", "*yōsheb*": "settled/placed/resettled", "*nəhar gōzān*": "river of Gozan/Gozan River", "*ʿārê māday*": "cities of Media/Median cities" } }
• 2 Kgs 24:12-15 : 12 { "verseID": "2 Kings.24.12", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֞א יְהוֹיָכִ֤ין מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה֙ עַל־מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל ה֣וּא וְאִמּ֔וֹ וַעֲבָדָ֖יו וְשָׂרָ֣יו וְסָֽרִיסָ֑יו וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֹתוֹ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל בִּשְׁנַ֥ת שְׁמֹנֶ֖ה לְמָלְכֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*wayyēṣēʾ* *yəhôyāḵîn* *meleḵ*-*yəhûḏāh* to-*meleḵ* *bāḇel* he and-*ʾimmô* and-*ʿăḇāḏāyw* and-*śārāyw* and-*sārîsāyw* and-*wayyiqqaḥ* *ʾōṯô* *meleḵ* *bāḇel* in-*šənaṯ* *šəmōneh* to-*mālḵô*.", "grammar": { "*wayyēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - and he went out", "*yəhôyāḵîn*": "proper noun - Jehoiachin", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*ʾimmô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his mother", "*ʿăḇāḏāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*śārāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his officials", "*sārîsāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eunuchs", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - and he took", "*ʾōṯô*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*šənaṯ*": "feminine singular construct noun - year of", "*šəmōneh*": "cardinal number - eight", "*mālḵô*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his reigning" }, "variants": { "*wayyēṣēʾ* to-*meleḵ* *bāḇel*": "went out to/surrendered to", "*śārāyw*": "his officials/princes/nobles", "*sārîsāyw*": "his eunuchs/court officials", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "took/seized/captured", "*mālḵô*": "his reign/his kingship" } } 13 { "verseID": "2 Kings.24.13", "source": "וַיּוֹצֵ֣א מִשָּׁ֗ם אֶת־כָּל־אוֹצְרוֹת֙ בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְאֽוֹצְר֖וֹת בֵּ֣ית הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיְקַצֵּ֞ץ אֶת־כָּל־כְּלֵ֣י הַזָּהָ֗ב אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֜ה שְׁלֹמֹ֤ה מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בְּהֵיכַ֣ל יְהוָ֔ה כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyôṣēʾ* from-there *ʾeṯ*-all-*ʾôṣərôṯ* *bêṯ* *YHWH* and-*ʾôṣərôṯ* *bêṯ* *hammeleḵ* and-*wayəqaṣṣēṣ* *ʾeṯ*-all-*kəlê* *hazzāhāḇ* which *ʿāśāh* *šəlōmōh* *meleḵ*-*yiśrāʾēl* in-*hêḵal* *YHWH* as-*ʾăšer* *dibber* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wayyôṣēʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - and he brought out", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾôṣərôṯ*": "masculine plural construct noun - treasures of", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*YHWH*": "proper divine name - LORD", "*hammeleḵ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king", "*wayəqaṣṣēṣ*": "Piel imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - and he cut off/cut in pieces", "*kəlê*": "masculine plural construct noun - vessels of", "*hazzāhāḇ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the gold", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he made", "*šəlōmōh*": "proper noun - Solomon", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hêḵal*": "masculine singular construct noun - temple of", "*dibber*": "Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he spoke" }, "variants": { "*wayyôṣēʾ*": "brought out/removed/carried away", "*ʾôṣərôṯ*": "treasures/treasuries/storehouses", "*wayəqaṣṣēṣ*": "cut off/cut in pieces/stripped", "*kəlê*": "vessels/articles/objects", "*hêḵal*": "temple/palace/sanctuary" } } 14 { "verseID": "2 Kings.24.14", "source": "וְהִגְלָ֣ה אֶת־כָּל־יְ֠רוּשָׁלִַם וְֽאֶת־כָּל־הַשָּׂרִ֞ים וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כָּל־גִּבּוֹרֵ֣י הַחַ֗יִל *עשרה **עֲשֶׂ֤רֶת אֲלָפִים֙ גּוֹלֶ֔ה וְכָל־הֶחָרָ֖שׁ וְהַמַּסְגֵּ֑ר לֹ֣א נִשְׁאַ֔ר זוּלַ֖ת דַּלַּ֥ת עַם־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And-*hiḡlāh* *ʾeṯ*-all-*yərûšālaim* and-*ʾeṯ*-all-*haśśārîm* and-*ʾēṯ* all-*gibbôrê* *haḥayil* *ʿăśereṯ* *ʾălāp̄îm* *gôleh* and-all-*heḥārāš* and-*hammasgēr* not *nišʾar* except *dallaṯ* *ʿam*-*hāʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*hiḡlāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he carried into exile", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*haśśārîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the officials", "*gibbôrê*": "masculine plural construct noun - mighty men of", "*haḥayil*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the army/valor", "*ʿăśereṯ*": "cardinal number - ten", "*ʾălāp̄îm*": "masculine plural noun - thousands", "*gôleh*": "Qal participle masculine singular - exile/captive", "*heḥārāš*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the craftsman", "*hammasgēr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the smith/locksmith", "*nišʾar*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - was left/remained", "*dallaṯ*": "feminine singular construct noun - poorest of", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular construct noun - people of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land" }, "variants": { "*hiḡlāh*": "carried into exile/deported/removed", "*haśśārîm*": "the officials/princes/nobles", "*gibbôrê* *haḥayil*": "mighty men of valor/warriors/soldiers", "*gôleh*": "exile/captive/deportation", "*heḥārāš*": "craftsman/artisan/skilled worker", "*hammasgēr*": "smith/metalworker/locksmith", "*dallaṯ* *ʿam*-*hāʾāreṣ*": "poorest of the people of the land/lowest classes" } } 15 { "verseID": "2 Kings.24.15", "source": "וַיֶּ֥גֶל אֶת־יְהוֹיָכִ֖ין בָּבֶ֑לָה וְאֶת־אֵ֣ם הַ֠מֶּלֶךְ וְאֶת־נְשֵׁ֨י הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ וְאֶת־סָרִיסָ֗יו וְאֵת֙ *אולי **אֵילֵ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ הוֹלִ֛יךְ גּוֹלָ֥ה מִירוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם בָּבֶֽלָה׃", "text": "And-*wayyeḡel* *ʾeṯ*-*yəhôyāḵîn* *bāḇelāh* and-*ʾeṯ*-*ʾēm* *hammeleḵ* and-*ʾeṯ*-*nəšê* *hammeleḵ* and-*ʾeṯ*-*sārîsāyw* and-*ʾēṯ* *ʾêlê* *hāʾāreṣ* *hôlîḵ* *gôlāh* from-*yərûšālaim* *bāḇelāh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyeḡel*": "Hiphil imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - and he carried into exile", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*yəhôyāḵîn*": "proper noun - Jehoiachin", "*bāḇelāh*": "proper noun with directional suffix - to Babylon", "*ʾēm*": "feminine singular construct noun - mother of", "*hammeleḵ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king", "*nəšê*": "feminine plural construct noun - wives of", "*sārîsāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eunuchs", "*ʾêlê*": "masculine plural construct noun - mighty ones of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*hôlîḵ*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he led", "*gôlāh*": "feminine singular noun - exile/captivity", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*wayyeḡel*": "carried into exile/deported", "*sārîsāyw*": "his eunuchs/court officials", "*ʾêlê*": "mighty ones/leaders/nobles/rams (metaphorically for leaders)", "*hôlîḵ* *gôlāh*": "led into captivity/took as exiles" } }
• 2 Kgs 25:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "2 Kings.25.6", "source": "וַֽיִּתְפְּשׂוּ֙ אֶת־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַיַּעֲל֥וּ אֹת֛וֹ אֶל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל רִבְלָ֑תָה וַיְדַבְּר֥וּ אִתּ֖וֹ מִשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "*wə-yitpəśû* *ʾet* the *melek* and *yaʿălû* *ʾōtô* to *melek* *bāḇel* *riḇlātâ* and *yədabbərû* *ʾittô* *mišpāṭ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yitpəśû*": "conjunction + consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they seized", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king", "*yaʿălû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, hiphil stem - they brought up", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*riḇlātâ*": "proper noun with directional he - to Riblah", "*yədabbərû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, piel stem - they spoke/pronounced", "*ʾittô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - judgment" }, "variants": { "*yitpəśû*": "seized/captured/caught", "*yaʿălû*": "brought up/took up/carried up", "*yədabbərû*": "spoke/pronounced/declared", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/sentence/justice/legal decision" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Kings.25.7", "source": "וְאֶת־בְּנֵי֙ צִדְקִיָּ֔הוּ שָׁחֲט֖וּ לְעֵינָ֑יו וְאֶת־עֵינֵ֤י צִדְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙ עִוֵּ֔ר וַיַּאַסְרֵ֙הוּ֙ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם וַיְבִאֵ֖הוּ בָּבֶֽל׃", "text": "And *ʾet* *bənê* *ṣidqîyāhû* *šāḥăṭû* to *ʿênayim* his and *ʾet* *ʿênê* *ṣidqîyāhû* *ʿiwwēr* and *yaʾasrēhû* in the *nəḥuštayim* and *yəḇiʾēhû* *bāḇel*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ṣidqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*šāḥăṭû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they slaughtered", "*ʿênayim*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - eyes his", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*ʿiwwēr*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, piel stem - he blinded", "*yaʾasrēhû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - they bound him", "*nəḥuštayim*": "noun, feminine dual with definite article - the bronze fetters", "*yəḇiʾēhû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, hiphil stem with 3rd masculine singular suffix - they brought him", "*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*šāḥăṭû*": "slaughtered/killed/butchered", "*ʿiwwēr*": "blinded/made blind", "*nəḥuštayim*": "bronze fetters/bronze chains/shackles", "*yəḇiʾēhû*": "brought him/carried him/led him" } }
• Isa 39:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.39.7", "source": "וּמִבָּנֶ֜יךָ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יֵצְא֧וּ מִמְּךָ֛ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תּוֹלִ֖יד יִקָּ֑חוּ וְהָיוּ֙ סָרִיסִ֔ים בְּהֵיכַ֖ל מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶֽל׃", "text": "And from *bāneḵā* which *yēṣeʾû* from you which *tôlîd* *yiqqāḥû* and *wehāyû* *sārîsîm* in *hêḵal* *meleḵ* *Bābel*", "grammar": { "*bāneḵā*": "masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sons", "*yēṣeʾû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will go out/come forth", "*tôlîd*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will beget", "*yiqqāḥû*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be taken", "*wehāyû*": "Qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person common plural - and they will be", "*sārîsîm*": "masculine plural, absolute - eunuchs/officials", "*hêḵal*": "masculine singular, construct - palace of", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular, construct - king of", "*Bābel*": "proper name - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*bāneḵā*": "your sons/your children/your descendants", "*yēṣeʾû*": "will go out/will come forth/will proceed", "*tôlîd*": "you will beget/you will father/you will produce", "*yiqqāḥû*": "they will be taken/they will be seized/they will be captured", "*sārîsîm*": "eunuchs/court officials/chamberlains", "*hêḵal*": "palace/temple/royal court" } }