Verse 10

{ "verseID": "Nahum.1.10", "source": "כִּ֚י עַד־סִירִ֣ים סְבֻכִ֔ים וּכְסָבְאָ֖ם סְבוּאִ֑ים אֻ֨כְּל֔וּ כְּקַ֥שׁ יָבֵ֖שׁ מָלֵֽא׃", "text": "*Kî* *ʿad-sîrîm* *səbukîm* *û-kəsābəʾām* *səbûʾîm* *ʾukkəlû* *kəqaš* *yābēš* *mālēʾ*", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʿad*": "preposition - as far as/like", "*sîrîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - thorns/thorny plants", "*səbukîm*": "Qal passive participle, masculine, plural - entangled/intertwined", "*û-kəsābəʾām*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine, singular + 3mp suffix - and like their drinking", "*səbûʾîm*": "Qal passive participle, masculine, plural - drunken", "*ʾukkəlû*": "Pual perfect, 3cp - they are consumed", "*kəqaš*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - like stubble", "*yābēš*": "adjective, masculine, singular - dry", "*mālēʾ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - full/completely" }, "variants": { "*sîrîm*": "thorns/thorny plants/brambles", "*səbukîm*": "entangled/intertwined/interwoven", "*sābəʾām*": "their drinking/their carousing", "*səbûʾîm*": "drunken/intoxicated", "*ʾukkəlû*": "they are consumed/devoured/burned up", "*qaš*": "stubble/chaff/straw", "*mālēʾ*": "full/completely/fully" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  For de skal bli som sammenfiltret torner; de skal bli fortært som tørr halm.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Selv om de flettes sammen som torner, og drikker seg fulle som drankere, skal de brennes opp som fullstendig tørr halm.

• Norsk King James

  For mens de er samlet som torner og berusede, skal de bli slukt som tørre strå.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  For selv om de tvinner seg sammen som tornebusker, og er drukne på vanlig vis, skal de fortæres som tørt strå, fullstendig.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  For selv som sammenfiltrede torner, drukne av drikking, skal de fortæres som fullstendig uttørket strå.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Selv om de er sammenfiltrede som torner, og drukne som folk i rus, skal de fortæres som tørr halm.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  For mens de er tett sammenkrøpet som torner, og berusede som fulle, skal de fortære som helt uttørket halm.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Selv om de er sammenfiltrede som torner, og drukne som folk i rus, skal de fortæres som tørr halm.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  For om de er sammenflettet som tornebusker og drukne som svirebrødre, skal de fortæres bort som tørre halmstrå.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Though they are entangled in thorns and drunk from their wine, they will be consumed like dry stubble.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Selv om de er som sammenflettede torner og fulle av vin, skal de bli konsumert som tørt halm.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Fordi de ere i hverandre forviklede som Torne, og ere drukne efter deres (sædvanlige) Drukkenskab, ere de fortærede som et tørt Straa fuldkommeligen.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  For while they be folden together as thorns, and while they are drunken as drunkards, they shall be devoured as stubble fully dry.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  For selv om de er sammenfiltret som tornebusker, og selv om de er drukne som fulle menn, skal de bli fortært som fullstendig tørr halm.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  For while they are entangled like thorns and while they are drunken like drunkards, they shall be devoured as fully dry stubble.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  For while they be folden together as thorns, and while they are drunken as drunkards, they shall be devoured as stubble fully dry.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  For viklet inn som torner, og beruset av deres drikk, blir de fullstendig fortært som tørr halm.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Selv om fyrstene er forvirret og drukket av sin drikk, blir de fortært som tørr halm.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  For som sammenfiltrede torner, og drankne som av deres drikk, blir de fullstendig fortært som tørr halm.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  For selv om de er som sammenfiltrede torner, og overvinnes som av drukkenskap, vil de gå til grunne som uttørket halm.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  For like as the thornes that sticke together, and as the drye strawe, so shal the dronckardes be consumed together, euen when they be full.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  For he shall come as vnto thornes folden one in another, and as vnto drunkardes in their drunkennesse: they shall be deuoured as stubble fully dryed.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  For whyles the thornes cleaue together, and whyles they banquet out their feastes, they are deuoured vp as very drie stubble.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  For while [they be] folden together [as] thorns, and while they are drunken [as] drunkards, they shall be devoured as stubble fully dry.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  For entangled like thorns, and drunken as with their drink, they are consumed utterly like dry stubble.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  For while princes `are' perplexed, And with their drink are drunken, They have been consumed as stubble fully dried.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  For entangled like thorns, and drunken as with their drink, they are consumed utterly as dry stubble.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  For though they are like twisted thorns, and are overcome as with drink, they will come to destruction like stems of grass fully dry.

• World English Bible (2000)

  For entangled like thorns, and drunken as with their drink, they are consumed utterly like dry stubble.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Surely they will be totally consumed like entangled thorn bushes, like the drink of drunkards, like very dry stubble.

Referenced Verses

• Mic 7:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Micah.7.4", "source": "טוֹבָ֣ם כְּחֵ֔דֶק יָשָׁ֖ר מִמְּסוּכָ֑ה י֤וֹם מְצַפֶּ֙יךָ֙ פְּקֻדָּתְךָ֣ בָ֔אָה עַתָּ֥ה תִהְיֶ֖ה מְבוּכָתָֽם׃", "text": "Their *ṭôb* like *ḥēdeq*, *yāšār* like *məsûkāh*; *yôm* your *məṣappêkā* your *pəquddātəkā* *bāʾāh*, now *tihyeh* their *məbûkātām*.", "grammar": { "*ṭôbām*": "masculine singular adjective with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their best/good one", "*kə*": "preposition - like/as", "*ḥēdeq*": "masculine singular noun - brier/thorn", "*yāšār*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - upright person/straight one", "*min*": "preposition - from/than/out of", "*məsûkāh*": "feminine singular noun - hedge/thorn hedge", "*yôm*": "masculine singular construct noun - day of", "*məṣappêkā*": "Piel participle, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your watchmen/lookouts", "*pəquddātəkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your punishment/visitation", "*bāʾāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has come", "*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now", "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will be", "*məbûkātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their confusion/bewilderment" }, "variants": { "*ṭôb*": "good/best/most upright", "*ḥēdeq*": "brier/thorn/bramble", "*yāšār*": "upright person/straight one/honest person", "*məsûkāh*": "hedge/thorn hedge/barrier", "*məṣappêkā*": "your watchmen/lookouts/guards", "*pəquddātəkā*": "your punishment/visitation/judgment day", "*məbûkātām*": "their confusion/bewilderment/consternation" } }
• Nah 3:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Nahum.3.11", "source": "גַּם־אַתְּ תִּשְׁכְּרִי תְּהִי נַעֲלָמָה גַּם־אַתְּ תְּבַקְשִׁי מָעוֹז מֵאוֹיֵב׃", "text": "*gam-ʾatt* *tišĕkĕrî* *tĕhî* *naʿălāmāh* *gam-ʾatt* *tĕbaqqĕšî* *māʿôz* *mē-ʾôyēb*", "grammar": { "*gam-ʾatt*": "adverb + 2nd feminine singular pronoun - also you", "*tišĕkĕrî*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will be drunk", "*tĕhî*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will be", "*naʿălāmāh*": "verb, Niphal participle, feminine singular - hidden/obscured", "*gam-ʾatt*": "adverb + 2nd feminine singular pronoun - also you", "*tĕbaqqĕšî*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will seek", "*māʿôz*": "noun, masculine, singular - fortress/stronghold", "*mē-ʾôyēb*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - from enemy" }, "variants": { "*tišĕkĕrî*": "be drunk/intoxicated/dazed", "*naʿălāmāh*": "hidden/obscured/faint/overwhelmed", "*tĕbaqqĕšî*": "seek/search for/look for", "*māʿôz*": "fortress/stronghold/refuge/protection", "*ʾôyēb*": "enemy/foe/adversary" } }
• 1 Thess 5:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "1 Thessalonians.5.2", "source": "Αὐτοὶ γὰρ ἀκριβῶς οἴδατε ὅτι ἡ ἡμέρα Κυρίου ὡς κλέπτης ἐν νυκτὶ οὕτως ἔρχεται.", "text": "*Autoi gar akribōs oidate hoti* the *hēmera Kyriou hōs kleptēs en nykti houtōs erchetai*.", "grammar": { "*Autoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - yourselves", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*akribōs*": "adverb - accurately/precisely", "*oidate*": "perfect, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you know", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*hēmera*": "nominative, feminine, singular - day", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Lord", "*hōs*": "comparative particle - as/like", "*kleptēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - thief", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*nykti*": "dative, feminine, singular - night", "*houtōs*": "adverb - thus/so/in this manner", "*erchetai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - comes/is coming" }, "variants": { "*akribōs*": "accurately/precisely/exactly", "*oidate*": "you know/you have knowledge (perfect tense indicating complete knowledge)", "*Kyriou*": "of Lord/of the Lord/belonging to the Lord", "*erchetai*": "comes/is coming/arrives" } } 3 { "verseID": "1 Thessalonians.5.3", "source": "Ὅταν γὰρ λέγωσιν, Εἰρήνη καὶ ἀσφάλεια· τότε αἰφνίδιος αὐτοῖς ἐφίσταται ὄλεθρος, ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδὶν τῇ ἐν γαστρὶ ἐχούσῃ· καὶ οὐ μὴ ἐκφύγωσιν.", "text": "*Hotan gar legōsin*, *Eirēnē* and *asphaleia*; *tote aiphnidios autois ephistatai olethros*, *hōsper* the *ōdin tē en gastri echousē*; and *ou mē ekphygōsin*.", "grammar": { "*Hotan*": "temporal conjunction - when/whenever", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*legōsin*": "present, active, subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they may say/they should say", "*Eirēnē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - peace", "*asphaleia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - security/safety", "*tote*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*aiphnidios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - sudden/unexpected", "*autois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to them/for them", "*ephistatai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - comes upon/stands over", "*olethros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - destruction/ruin", "*hōsper*": "comparative conjunction - just as/exactly as", "*ōdin*": "nominative, feminine, singular - birth pang/labor pain", "*tē*": "dative, feminine, singular - to the", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*gastri*": "dative, feminine, singular - womb/belly", "*echousē*": "present, active, participle, dative, feminine, singular - having/holding", "*ou mē*": "emphatic negation - by no means/certainly not", "*ekphygōsin*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they might escape" }, "variants": { "*Eirēnē*": "peace/state of peace", "*asphaleia*": "security/safety/certainty", "*aiphnidios*": "sudden/unexpected/unforeseen", "*ephistatai*": "comes upon/stands over/befalls", "*olethros*": "destruction/ruin/doom", "*ōdin*": "birth pang/labor pain", "*gastri echousē*": "having in womb/pregnant woman", "*ekphygōsin*": "they might escape/they might flee away" } }
• 1 Sam 25:36 : 36 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.36", "source": "וַתָּבֹ֣א אֲבִיגַ֣יִל ׀ אֶל־נָבָ֡ל וְהִנֵּה־לוֹ֩ מִשְׁתֶּ֨ה בְּבֵית֜וֹ כְּמִשְׁתֵּ֣ה הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וְלֵ֤ב נָבָל֙ ט֣וֹב עָלָ֔יו וְה֥וּא שִׁכֹּ֖ר עַד־מְאֹ֑ד וְלֹֽא־הִגִּ֣ידָה לּ֗וֹ דָּבָ֥ר קָטֹ֛ן וְגָד֖וֹל עַד־א֥וֹר הַבֹּֽקֶר׃", "text": "And *tābōʾ* *ʾĂbîgayil* to-*Nābāl* and behold *lô* *mišteh* in *bêtô* like *mištēh* the *melek*, and *lēb* *Nābāl* *ṭôb* upon him, and he *šikkōr* unto-very much, and not *higgîdāh* to him *dābār* *qāṭōn* and *gādôl* until-*ʾôr* the *bōqer*.", "grammar": { "*tābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw-consecutive - came", "*ʾĂbîgayil*": "proper noun - Abigail", "*Nābāl*": "proper noun - Nabal", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*mišteh*": "masculine singular noun - feast/banquet", "*bêtô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*mištēh*": "masculine singular construct - feast of", "*melek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king", "*lēb*": "masculine singular construct - heart of", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good/merry", "*šikkōr*": "adjective, masculine singular - drunk", "*higgîdāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd feminine singular - she told", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - word/matter/thing", "*qāṭōn*": "adjective, masculine singular - small", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large", "*ʾôr*": "masculine singular construct - light of", "*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the morning" }, "variants": { "*mišteh*": "feast/banquet/drinking party", "*lēb* *ṭôb*": "heart was merry/cheerful/in good spirits", "*šikkōr*": "drunk/intoxicated", "*dābār* *qāṭōn* and *gādôl*": "anything at all (idiom: neither small nor great thing)" } }
• 2 Sam 13:28 : 28 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.13.28", "source": "וַיְצַו֩ אַבְשָׁל֨וֹם אֶת־נְעָרָ֜יו לֵאמֹ֗ר רְא֣וּ נָ֠א כְּט֨וֹב לֵב־אַמְנ֤וֹן בַּיַּ֙יִן֙ וְאָמַרְתִּ֣י אֲלֵיכֶ֔ם הַכּ֧וּ אֶת־אַמְנ֛וֹן וַהֲמִתֶּ֥ם אֹת֖וֹ אַל־תִּירָ֑אוּ הֲל֗וֹא כִּ֤י אָֽנֹכִי֙ צִוִּ֣יתִי אֶתְכֶ֔ם חִזְק֖וּ וִהְי֥וּ לִבְנֵי־חָֽיִל׃", "text": "*wə-yəṣaw* *ʾAbšālôm* *ʾet*-*nəʿārāyw* *lēʾmōr* *rəʾû* *nāʾ* when-good *lēb*-*ʾAmnôn* in-the-*yayin* *wə-ʾāmartî* unto-you *hakkû* *ʾet*-*ʾAmnôn* *wə-hămittem* him *ʾal*-*tîrāʾû* is-it-not *kî* *ʾānōkî* *ṣiwwîtî* you *ḥizqû* *wə-həyû* to-*bənê*-*ḥayil*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəṣaw*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he commanded", "*ʾAbšālôm*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Absalom", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*nəʿārāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his young men", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*rəʾû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - see/watch", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*lēb*": "masculine singular construct noun - heart of", "*ʾAmnôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amnon", "*yayin*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the wine", "*wə-ʾāmartî*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect 1st singular - and I will say", "*hakkû*": "Hiphil imperative masculine plural - strike", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾAmnôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amnon", "*wə-hămittem*": "waw conjunction + Hiphil perfect 2nd masculine plural - and you shall kill", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*tîrāʾû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you fear", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/for", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "Piel perfect 1st singular - I commanded", "*ḥizqû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - be strong", "*wə-həyû*": "waw conjunction + Qal imperative masculine plural - and be", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct noun - sons of", "*ḥayil*": "masculine singular noun - valor/strength" }, "variants": { "*wə-yəṣaw*": "and he commanded/and he instructed/and he ordered", "*nəʿārāyw*": "his young men/his servants/his attendants", "*rəʾû*": "see/watch/observe/notice", "*nāʾ*": "please/now/I pray", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner being", "*yayin*": "wine/alcoholic drink", "*wə-ʾāmartî*": "and I will say/and when I say", "*hakkû*": "strike/smite/hit/attack", "*wə-hămittem*": "and you shall kill/and put to death", "*tîrāʾû*": "you fear/you are afraid", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "I commanded/I ordered/I instructed", "*ḥizqû*": "be strong/be courageous/be firm", "*bənê*-*ḥayil*": "sons of valor/men of courage/valiant men" } }
• 2 Sam 23:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.23.6", "source": "וּבְלִיַּ֕עַל כְּק֥וֹץ מֻנָ֖ד כֻּלָּ֑הַם כִּֽי־לֹ֥א בְיָ֖ד יִקָּֽחוּ", "text": "And *bəliyaʿal* *kəqôṣ* *munāḏ* all of them, for *lōʾ* *bəyāḏ* *yiqqāḥû*", "grammar": { "*û-*": "conjunction - and", "*bəliyaʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - worthlessness/wickedness", "*kə-*": "preposition - like", "*qôṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - thorn", "*munāḏ*": "hophal participle, masculine singular - driven away/cast aside", "*kullāhem*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*bə-*": "preposition - with/by", "*yāḏ*": "noun, feminine singular - hand", "*yiqqāḥû*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be taken" }, "variants": { "*bəliyaʿal*": "worthlessness/wickedness/evil", "*qôṣ*": "thorn/thornbush", "*munāḏ*": "driven away/thrust away/cast aside", "*yiqqāḥû*": "they will be taken/grasped/seized" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.23.7", "source": "וְאִישׁ֙ יִגַּ֣ע בָּהֶ֔ם יִמָּלֵ֥א בַרְזֶ֖ל וְעֵ֣ץ חֲנִ֑ית וּבָאֵ֕שׁ שָׂר֥וֹף יִשָּׂרְפ֖וּ בַּשָּֽׁבֶת", "text": "And *ʾîš* *yiggaʿ* *bāhem*, *yimmālēʾ* *barzel* and *ʿēṣ* *ḥănîṯ*; and *bāʾēš* *śārôf* *yiśśārəfû* *baššāḇeṯ*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*yiggaʿ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will touch/reach", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*yimmālēʾ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will be filled", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wood of", "*ḥănîṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - spear", "*û-*": "conjunction - and", "*bā-*": "preposition + definite article - with the", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*śārôf*": "qal infinitive absolute - burning", "*yiśśārəfû*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be burned", "*ba-*": "preposition + definite article - in the", "*šāḇeṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - dwelling/sitting/place" }, "variants": { "*yiggaʿ*": "touches/reaches/strikes", "*yimmālēʾ*": "is filled/equipped with", "*barzel*": "iron/iron weapon", "*ʿēṣ*": "wood/shaft of", "*ḥănîṯ*": "spear/javelin", "*śārôf*": "burning/consuming", "*šāḇeṯ*": "dwelling/sitting/resting place/place where they are" } }
• Ps 68:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.68.2", "source": "יָק֣וּם אֱ֭לֹהִים יָפ֣וּצוּ אוֹיְבָ֑יו וְיָנ֥וּסוּ מְ֝שַׂנְאָ֗יו מִפָּנָֽיו׃", "text": "*yāqûm* *ʾĕlōhîm* *yāpûṣû* *ʾôyəbāyw* *wə-yānûsû* *məśanəʾāyw* *mippānāyw*", "grammar": { "*yāqûm*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'let him arise'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - God", "*yāpûṣû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they will be scattered'", "*ʾôyəbāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'his enemies'", "*wə-yānûsû*": "conjunction וְ (and) + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they will flee'", "*məśanəʾāyw*": "Piel participle masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'those hating him'", "*mippānāyw*": "preposition מִן (from) + masculine plural noun פָּנִים (face) with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'from his face/presence'" }, "variants": { "*yāqûm*": "arise/stand up/get up", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*yāpûṣû*": "be scattered/dispersed/spread", "*məśanəʾāyw*": "his haters/those who hate him" } }
• Isa 5:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.24", "source": "לָכֵן֩ כֶּאֱכֹ֨ל קַ֜שׁ לְשׁ֣וֹן אֵ֗שׁ וַחֲשַׁ֤שׁ לֶֽהָבָה֙ יִרְפֶּ֔ה שָׁרְשָׁם֙ כַּמָּ֣ק יִֽהְיֶ֔ה וּפִרְחָ֖ם כָּאָבָ֣ק יַעֲלֶ֑ה כִּ֣י מָאֲס֗וּ אֵ֚ת תּוֹרַת֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת וְאֵ֛ת אִמְרַ֥ת קְדֽוֹשׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל נִאֵֽצוּ׃", "text": "Therefore *lākēn* as *keʾĕkōl* *qaš* by *ləšôn* *ʾēš* and as *waḥăšaš* *lehābâ* *yirpeh*, their *šāršām* shall *yihyeh* like *kammāq*, and their *ûpirḥām* like *kāʾābāq* *yaʿăleh*; for *kî* they have *māʾăsû* *ʾēt* the *tôrat* of *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt*, and the *wəʾēt* *ʾimrat* of *qədôš*-*yiśrāʾēl* they have *niʾēṣû*.", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*keʾĕkōl*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - as consuming", "*qaš*": "masculine singular noun - stubble/straw", "*ləšôn*": "masculine singular construct - tongue of", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*waḥăšaš*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun - and dry grass", "*lehābâ*": "feminine singular noun - flame", "*yirpeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - collapses/sinks down", "*šāršām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their root", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will be", "*kammāq*": "preposition with definite article with masculine singular noun - like rot/decay", "*ûpirḥām*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and their blossom", "*kāʾābāq*": "preposition with definite article with masculine singular noun - like dust", "*yaʿăleh*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will go up", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*māʾăsû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they have rejected", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*tôrat*": "feminine singular construct - law/instruction of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "masculine plural noun - hosts/armies", "*wəʾēt*": "conjunction with direct object marker", "*ʾimrat*": "feminine singular construct - word of", "*qədôš*": "masculine singular adjective construct - holy one of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*niʾēṣû*": "piel perfect 3rd person common plural - they have spurned" }, "variants": { "*qaš*": "stubble/straw/chaff", "*ḥăšaš*": "dry grass/hay/chaff", "*yirpeh*": "collapses/sinks down/withers", "*māq*": "rot/decay/rottenness", "*pirḥām*": "blossom/flower/sprout", "*ʾābāq*": "dust/powder/fine particles", "*māʾăsû*": "rejected/refused/despised", "*tôrat*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/celestial bodies", "*niʾēṣû*": "spurned/despised/treated with contempt" } }
• Isa 9:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.9.18", "source": "בְּעֶבְרַ֛ת יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת נֶעְתַּ֣ם אָ֑רֶץ וַיְהִ֤י הָעָם֙ כְּמַאֲכֹ֣לֶת אֵ֔שׁ אִ֥ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֖יו לֹ֥א יַחְמֹֽלוּ׃", "text": "In *ʿeḇrat* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôt* *neʿtam* *ʾāreṣ* and *yəhî* the *ʿām* like *maʾăḵōlet* *ʾēš* *ʾîš* to-his *ʾāḥîw* not they *yaḥmōlû*.", "grammar": { "*ʿeḇrat*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - wrath of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ṣəḇāʾôt*": "noun, feminine, plural, absolute - hosts/armies", "*neʿtam*": "verb, Niphal, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - is darkened/scorched", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular, absolute - land/earth", "*yəhî*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, consecutive, 3rd person, masculine, singular - it became", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine, singular, absolute with definite article - the people", "*maʾăḵōlet*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - food of/fuel of", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine, singular, absolute - fire", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular, absolute - man", "*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person, masculine, singular suffix - his brother", "*yaḥmōlû*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural - they spare" }, "variants": { "*ʿeḇrat*": "wrath of/fury of/rage of", "*ṣəḇāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/military forces", "*neʿtam*": "darkened/scorched/burned", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/population", "*maʾăḵōlet*": "food of/fuel of/consumption of", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*yaḥmōlû*": "spare/have pity/show compassion" } }
• Isa 10:17-19 : 17 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.17", "source": "וְהָיָה אוֹר־יִשְׂרָאֵל לְאֵשׁ וּקְדוֹשׁוֹ לְלֶהָבָה וּבָעֲרָה וְאָכְלָה שִׁיתוֹ וּשְׁמִירוֹ בְּיוֹם אֶחָד", "text": "*wehāyāh* *ʾôr*-*yiśrāʾēl* *leʾēš* *ûqedôšô* *lelehābāh* *ûbāʿărāh* *weʾāḵelāh* *šîtô* *ûšemîrô* *beyôm* *ʾeḥād*", "grammar": { "*wehāyāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and will be", "*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - light of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*leʾēš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for a fire", "*ûqedôšô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his Holy One", "*lelehābāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for a flame", "*ûbāʿărāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will burn", "*weʾāḵelāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will devour", "*šîtô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his thorns", "*ûšemîrô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his briers", "*beyôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in day", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine singular - one" }, "variants": { "*ʾôr*": "light/luminary/flame", "*qādôš*": "holy one/sacred one", "*lehābāh*": "flame/blaze", "*bāʿar*": "burn/consume/kindle", "*ʾāḵal*": "eat/devour/consume", "*šît*": "thorns/thistles/briars", "*šāmîr*": "briers/thorns/brambles" } } 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.18", "source": "וּכְבוֹד יַעְרוֹ וְכַרְמִלּוֹ מִנֶּפֶשׁ וְעַד־בָּשָׂר יְכַלֶּה וְהָיָה כִּמְסֹס נֹסֵס", "text": "*ûḵebôd* *yaʿrô* *weḵarmillô* *minnep̄eš* *weʿad*-*bāśār* *yeḵalleh* *wehāyāh* *kimsōs* *nōsēs*", "grammar": { "*ûḵebôd*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and glory of", "*yaʿrô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his forest", "*weḵarmillô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his fruitful field", "*minnep̄eš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - from soul", "*weʿad*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and to", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine singular - flesh", "*yeḵalleh*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will consume/destroy", "*wehāyāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and will be", "*kimsōs*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - like melting of", "*nōsēs*": "qal participle, masculine singular - a sick person/one wasting away" }, "variants": { "*yaʿar*": "forest/thicket/wooded area", "*karmel*": "fruitful field/orchard/garden land", "*nep̄eš*": "soul/life/person/being", "*bāśār*": "flesh/body/person", "*kālāh*": "finish/complete/destroy/consume", "*māsas*": "melting/wasting away/dissolving", "*nōsēs*": "one who is sick/standard-bearer/one wasting away" } } 19 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.19", "source": "וּשְׁאָר עֵץ יַעְרוֹ מִסְפָּר יִהְיוּ וְנַעַר יִכְתְּבֵם", "text": "*ûšeʾār* *ʿēṣ* *yaʿrô* *mispār* *yihyû* *wenaʿar* *yiḵtebēm*", "grammar": { "*ûšeʾār*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and remainder of", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - trees of", "*yaʿrô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his forest", "*mispār*": "noun, masculine singular - number/few", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be", "*wenaʿar*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a child/youth", "*yiḵtebēm*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - will write them" }, "variants": { "*šeʾār*": "remainder/remnant/residue", "*mispār*": "number/few/count", "*naʿar*": "child/youth/servant/boy", "*kātab*": "write/record/inscribe" } }
• Isa 27:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.27.4", "source": "חֵמָ֖ה אֵ֣ין לִ֑י מִֽי־יִתְּנֵ֜נִי שָׁמִ֥יר שַׁ֙יִת֙ בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה אֶפְשְׂעָ֥ה בָ֖הּ אֲצִיתֶ֥נָּה יָּֽחַד׃", "text": "*ḥēmâ* *ʾêyn* to-*lî* *mî*-*yittĕnēnî* *šāmîr* *šayit* in-the-*milḥāmâ* *ʾefśĕʿâ* in-*bāh* *ʾăṣîtennâ* *yāḥad*", "grammar": { "*ḥēmâ*": "feminine singular noun - wrath/anger/rage", "*ʾêyn*": "particle of negation - is not/there is no", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*yittĕnēnî*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - will give me", "*šāmîr*": "masculine singular noun - brier/thorn", "*šayit*": "masculine singular noun - thorns/thistles", "*milḥāmâ*": "feminine singular noun - battle/war", "*ʾefśĕʿâ*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular cohortative - I would march/step/stride", "*bāh*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - against her", "*ʾăṣîtennâ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - I would burn her", "*yāḥad*": "adverb - together/at once" }, "variants": { "*ḥēmâ*": "wrath/anger/rage/fury", "*šāmîr*": "brier/thorn/hard stone", "*šayit*": "thorns/thistles/briars", "*ʾefśĕʿâ*": "would march/would step/would stride against", "*ʾăṣîtennâ*": "would burn/would kindle/would set on fire" } }
• Jer 51:39 : 39 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.39", "source": "בְּחֻמָּ֞ם אָשִׁ֣ית אֶת־מִשְׁתֵּיהֶ֗ם וְהִשְׁכַּרְתִּים֙ לְמַ֣עַן יַעֲלֹ֔זוּ וְיָשְׁנ֥וּ שְׁנַת־עוֹלָ֖ם וְלֹ֣א יָקִ֑יצוּ נְאֻ֖ם יְהוָֽה", "text": "In-*ḥummām* *ʾāšît* *ʾet*-*mištêhem* and-*hiškartîm* so-that *yaʿălōzû* and-*yāšnû* *šənat*-*ʿôlām* and-not *yāqîṣû* *nəʾum* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ḥummām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their heat/their excitement", "*ʾāšît*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will set/I will prepare", "*mištêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their feasts/their banquets", "*hiškartîm*": "verb, Hiphil perfect, 1st singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will make them drunk", "*yaʿălōzû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will rejoice/exult", "*yāšnû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will sleep", "*šənat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - sleep of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - everlasting/forever/perpetuity", "*yāqîṣû*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd plural - they will awake", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*ḥummām*": "their heat/their excitement/when they are heated", "*ʾāšît*": "I will set/I will prepare/I will establish", "*mištêhem*": "their feasts/their banquets/their drinking parties", "*hiškartîm*": "I will make them drunk/I will intoxicate them", "*yaʿălōzû*": "they will rejoice/they will exult/they will be jubilant", "*šənat-ʿôlām*": "perpetual sleep/eternal sleep/sleep of eternity" } }
• Jer 51:57 : 57 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.57", "source": "וְ֠הִשְׁכַּרְתִּי שָׂרֶ֨יהָ וַחֲכָמֶ֜יהָ פַּחוֹתֶ֤יהָ וּסְגָנֶ֙יהָ֙ וְגִבּוֹרֶ֔יהָ וְיָשְׁנ֥וּ שְׁנַת־עוֹלָ֖ם וְלֹ֣א יָקִ֑יצוּ נְאֻ֨ם־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת שְׁמֽוֹ׃ ס", "text": "*wəhiškartî* *śārêhā* *waḥăḵāmêhā* *paḥôtêhā* *ûsəḡānêhā* *wəḡibbôrêhā* *wəyāšnû* *šənat*-*ʿôlām* *wəlōʾ* *yāqîṣû* *nəʾum*-*hammelek* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôt* *šəmô*", "grammar": { "*wəhiškartî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make drunk", "*śārêhā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her princes/officials", "*waḥăḵāmêhā*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and her wise men", "*paḥôtêhā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her governors", "*ûsəḡānêhā*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and her officials/rulers", "*wəḡibbôrêhā*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and her mighty men", "*wəyāšnû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they shall sleep", "*šənat*": "construct state - sleep of", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun - everlasting/perpetuity", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yāqîṣû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they shall awake", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration of", "*hammelek*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the King", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ṣəḇāʾôt*": "feminine plural noun - hosts/armies", "*šəmô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name" }, "variants": { "*hiškartî*": "make drunk/intoxicate", "*śārêhā*": "princes/officials/chiefs", "*ḥăḵāmêhā*": "wise men/sages/counselors", "*paḥôtêhā*": "governors/deputies/provincial rulers", "*səḡānêhā*": "officials/rulers/prefects", "*gibbôrêhā*": "mighty men/warriors/heroes", "*šənat*-*ʿôlām*": "perpetual sleep/eternal sleep", "*yāqîṣû*": "awake/wake up/arise" } }