Verse 4

{ "verseID": "Psalms.146.4", "source": "תֵּצֵ֣א ר֭וּחוֹ יָשֻׁ֣ב לְאַדְמָת֑וֹ בַּיּ֥וֹם הַ֝ה֗וּא אָבְד֥וּ עֶשְׁתֹּנֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "*tetseʾ* *ruḥo* *yashub* *le-ʾadmato* *ba-yom* *ha-huʾ* *ʾabdu* *ʿeshtonotav*", "grammar": { "*tetseʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - goes out/departs", "*ruḥo*": "noun, feminine, singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his breath/spirit", "*yashub*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he returns", "*le-ʾadmato*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his ground/earth/soil", "*ba-yom*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine, singular - in the day", "*ha-huʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine, singular - that", "*ʾabdu*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they perish", "*ʿeshtonotav*": "noun, feminine, plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his thoughts/plans" }, "variants": { "*ruḥo*": "his breath/his spirit", "*ʾadmato*": "his ground/his earth/his soil/his dust", "*ʿeshtonotav*": "his thoughts/his plans/his schemes/his intentions" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Ps 104:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Psalms.104.29", "source": "תַּסְתִּ֥יר פָּנֶיךָ֮ יִֽבָּהֵ֫ל֥וּן תֹּסֵ֣ף ר֭וּחָם יִגְוָע֑וּן וְֽאֶל־עֲפָרָ֥ם יְשׁוּֽבוּ֥ן׃", "text": "You *tastîr* your *pānîm*, they *yibbāhēlûn*; you *tōsēp* their *rûḥām*, they *yigwā'ûn*, *wə'el*-their *'ăpārām* they *yəšûbûn*.", "grammar": { "*tastîr*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you hide", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your face", "*yibbāhēlûn*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person plural with paragogic nun - they are terrified/dismayed", "*tōsēp*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you gather/take away", "*rûḥām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their breath/spirit", "*yigwā'ûn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person plural with paragogic nun - they expire/die/perish", "*wə'el*": "conjunction with preposition - and to", "*'ăpārām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their dust", "*yəšûbûn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person plural with paragogic nun - they return" }, "variants": { "*tastîr*": "hide/conceal/withdraw", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/favor", "*yibbāhēlûn*": "be terrified/dismayed/troubled/alarmed", "*tōsēp*": "gather/take away/remove/add", "*rûḥām*": "breath/spirit/wind", "*yigwā'ûn*": "expire/die/perish", "*'ăpārām*": "dust/soil/earth/ground", "*yəšûbûn*": "return/go back/revert" } }
  • Eccl 12:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.12.7", "source": "וְיָשֹׁ֧ב הֶעָפָ֛ר עַל־הָאָ֖רֶץ כְּשֶׁהָיָ֑ה וְהָר֣וּחַ תָּשׁ֔וּב אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר נְתָנָֽהּ׃", "text": "Wə-*yāšōḇ* he-*ʿāpār* *ʿal*-hā-*ʾāreṣ* kə-še-*hāyāh* wə-hā-*rûaḥ* *tāšûḇ* *ʾel*-hā-*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăšer* *nətānāh*", "grammar": { "*yāšōḇ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will return", "*ʿāpār*": "noun, masculine singular - dust/soil", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/to", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it was", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular - spirit/breath/wind", "*tāšûḇ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will return", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/which", "*nətānāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he gave it" }, "variants": { "*ʿāpār*": "dust/soil/earth (reference to Genesis 3:19)", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/breath/life-force", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God (plural form used as singular)" } }
  • Gen 2:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Genesis.2.7", "source": "וַיִּיצֶר֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהִ֜ים אֶת־הָֽאָדָ֗ם עָפָר֙ מִן־הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה וַיִּפַּ֥ח בְּאַפָּ֖יו נִשְׁמַ֣ת חַיִּ֑ים וַֽיְהִ֥י הָֽאָדָ֖ם לְנֶ֥פֶשׁ חַיָּֽה׃", "text": "*wayyîṣer YHWH ʾĕlōhîm ʾeṯ-hāʾāḏām ʿāp̄ār min-hāʾăḏāmāh wayyippaḥ bəʾappāyw nišmaṯ ḥayyîm wayəhî hāʾāḏām lənep̄eš ḥayyāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyîṣer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he formed", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural (with singular meaning) - God", "*ʾeṯ-hāʾāḏām*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, masculine, singular - the man", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "noun, masculine, singular - dust", "*min-hāʾăḏāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine, singular - from the ground", "*wayyippaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he breathed", "*bəʾappāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine, dual + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - into his nostrils", "*nišmaṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - breath of", "*ḥayyîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - life", "*wayəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he became", "*hāʾāḏām*": "definite article + noun, masculine, singular - the man", "*lənep̄eš*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular construct - to/for a being of", "*ḥayyāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - living" }, "variants": { "*wayyîṣer*": "formed/fashioned/shaped", "*hāʾāḏām*": "the man/the human/Adam", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "dust/soil/earth/clay", "*hāʾăḏāmāh*": "the ground/the soil/the earth", "*wayyippaḥ*": "breathed/blew", "*bəʾappāyw*": "in his nostrils/in his nose", "*nišmaṯ ḥayyîm*": "breath of life/living breath", "*nep̄eš ḥayyāh*": "living being/living creature/living soul" } }
  • 1 Cor 2:6 : 6 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.2.6", "source": "Σοφίαν δὲ λαλοῦμεν ἐν τοῖς τελείοις: σοφίαν δὲ οὐ τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου, οὐδὲ τῶν ἀρχόντων τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου, τῶν καταργουμένων:", "text": "*Sophian* but (*de*) we *laloumen* among the *teleiois*: *sophian* but not of the *aiōnos* this (*toutou*), nor of the *archontōn* of the *aiōnos* this (*toutou*), the ones *katargoumenōn*:", "grammar": { "*Sophian*": "accusative feminine singular - wisdom", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*laloumen*": "present active indicative, 1st person plural - we speak", "*teleiois*": "dative masculine plural adjective - mature/perfect/complete", "*aiōnos*": "genitive masculine singular - age/era/world", "*toutou*": "genitive masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*archontōn*": "genitive masculine plural - rulers/authorities", "*katargoumenōn*": "present passive participle, genitive masculine plural - being brought to nothing/nullified" }, "variants": { "*Sophian*": "wisdom/skill/intelligence", "*laloumen*": "speak/say/tell", "*teleiois*": "mature/perfect/complete/initiated", "*aiōnos*": "age/era/world/eternity", "*archontōn*": "rulers/authorities/officials/princes", "*katargoumenōn*": "being brought to nothing/nullified/rendered ineffective/passing away" } }
  • Gen 3:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Genesis.3.19", "source": "בְּזֵעַ֤ת אַפֶּ֙יךָ֙ תֹּ֣אכַל לֶ֔חֶם עַ֤ד שֽׁוּבְךָ֙ אֶל־הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה כִּ֥י מִמֶּ֖נָּה לֻקָּ֑חְתָּ כִּֽי־עָפָ֣ר אַ֔תָּה וְאֶל־עָפָ֖ר תָּשֽׁוּב׃", "text": "In *zēʿat* *ʾappêkā* *tōʾkal* *leḥem* until *šûbĕkā* to the *ʾădāmāh*, for from it *luqqāḥtā*; for *ʿāp̄ār* *ʾattāh*, and to *ʿāp̄ār* *tāšûb*.", "grammar": { "*zēʿat*": "noun, feminine, construct - sweat of", "*ʾappêkā*": "noun, masculine, dual + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your face/nostrils", "*tōʾkal*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will eat", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine, singular - bread/food", "*šûbĕkā*": "verb, qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your return", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - ground/earth", "*luqqāḥtā*": "verb, pual perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you were taken", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "noun, masculine, singular - dust", "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - you", "*tāšûb*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will return" }, "variants": { "*ʾappayim*": "face/nostrils/nose", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance" } }
  • Gen 6:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Genesis.6.17", "source": "וַאֲנִ֗י הִנְנִי֩ מֵבִ֨יא אֶת־הַמַּבּ֥וּל מַ֙יִם֙ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ לְשַׁחֵ֣ת כָּל־בָּשָׂ֗ר אֲשֶׁר־בּוֹ֙ ר֣וּחַ חַיִּ֔ים מִתַּ֖חַת הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם כֹּ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־בָּאָ֖רֶץ יִגְוָֽע׃", "text": "And I, behold I *mēbîʾ* *ʾet*-*ha-mabbûl* *mayim* upon *hā-ʾāreṣ* to *šaḥēt* all *bāśār* which in it *rûaḥ* *ḥayyîm* from under *ha-šāmayim* all which in *ʾāreṣ* *yigwāʿ*", "grammar": { "*mēbîʾ*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - bringing", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-mabbûl*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - the flood", "*mayim*": "noun masculine plural - waters", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular with definite article with prefix preposition - upon the earth/land", "*šaḥēt*": "piel infinitive construct - to destroy", "*bāśār*": "noun masculine singular - flesh/living creature", "*rûaḥ*": "noun feminine singular construct - breath/spirit of", "*ḥayyîm*": "noun masculine plural - life", "*ha-šāmayim*": "noun masculine dual with definite article with prefix preposition - from under the heavens", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular with prefix preposition - in the earth", "*yigwāʿ*": "qal imperfect 3ms - will die/expire/perish" }, "variants": { "*mabbûl*": "flood/deluge", "*šaḥēt*": "destroy/ruin/corrupt", "*bāśār*": "flesh/living creatures/humans and animals", "*rûaḥ ḥayyîm*": "breath of life/spirit of life", "*yigwāʿ*": "will die/will expire/will perish" } }
  • Job 14:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Job.14.21", "source": "יִכְבְּד֣וּ בָ֭נָיו וְלֹ֣א יֵדָ֑ע וְ֝יִצְעֲר֗וּ וְֽלֹא־יָבִ֥ין לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "*yikbədû* *bānāyw* *wəlōʾ* *yēdāʿ* *wəyiṣʿărû* *wəlōʾ*-*yābîn* *lāmô*", "grammar": { "*yikbədû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural - they are honored", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct + 3rd person, masculine, singular, suffix - his sons", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yēdāʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he knows", "*wəyiṣʿărû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural - and they are brought low", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yābîn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he understands/perceives", "*lāmô*": "preposition + 3rd person, masculine, plural, suffix - to/for them" }, "variants": { "*yikbədû*": "are honored/become rich/prosper", "*bānîm*": "sons/children", "*yēdāʿ*": "knows/perceives/is aware", "*yiṣʿărû*": "are brought low/become insignificant/are diminished", "*yābîn*": "understands/perceives/considers", "*lāmô*": "to them/for them/concerning them" } }
  • Job 17:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Job.17.1", "source": "רוּחִ֣י חֻ֭בָּלָה יָמַ֥י נִזְעָ֗כוּ קְבָרִ֥ים לִֽי׃", "text": "*rûḥî* *ḥubbālâ* *yāmay* *nizʿākû* *qəḇārîm* to-me", "grammar": { "*rûḥî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my spirit/breath", "*ḥubbālâ*": "Pual perfect 3rd person feminine singular - is broken/destroyed/damaged", "*yāmay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my days", "*nizʿākû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person plural - are extinguished/exhausted", "*qəḇārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - graves/tombs/burial places" }, "variants": { "*rûḥî*": "my spirit/breath/wind/life-force", "*ḥubbālâ*": "is broken/destroyed/corrupted/pledged", "*yāmay*": "my days/lifetime", "*nizʿākû*": "are extinguished/exhausted/troubled/distressed", "*qəḇārîm*": "graves/tombs/burial places" } }
  • Job 17:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Job.17.11", "source": "יָמַ֣י עָ֭בְרוּ זִמֹּתַ֣י נִתְּק֑וּ מ֖וֹרָשֵׁ֣י לְבָבִֽי׃", "text": "*yāmay* *ʿāḇrû* *zimmōṯay* *nittəqû* *môrāšê* *ləḇāḇî*", "grammar": { "*yāmay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my days", "*ʿāḇrû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they have passed away", "*zimmōṯay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my plans/thoughts", "*nittəqû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person common plural - they are broken off/torn away", "*môrāšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - possessions of", "*ləḇāḇî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my heart" }, "variants": { "*yāmay*": "my days/lifetime", "*ʿāḇrû*": "they have passed away/crossed over/gone by", "*zimmōṯay*": "my plans/thoughts/purposes/schemes", "*nittəqû*": "they are broken off/torn away/cut off", "*môrāšê*": "possessions of/treasures of/desires of", "*ləḇāḇî*": "my heart/mind/inner self" } }
  • Ps 33:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.33.10", "source": "יְֽהוָ֗ה הֵפִ֥יר עֲצַת־גּוֹיִ֑ם הֵ֝נִ֗יא מַחְשְׁב֥וֹת עַמִּֽים׃", "text": "*YHWH* *hēfîr* *ʿăṣat*-*gôyim* *hēnî'* *maḥšəbôt* *ʿammîm*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*hēfîr*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - frustrated/brought to nothing", "*ʿăṣat*": "feminine singular construct noun - counsel of/plan of", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations", "*hēnî'*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - thwarted/frustrated", "*maḥšəbôt*": "feminine plural construct noun - thoughts/plans", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - peoples" }, "variants": { "*hēfîr*": "frustrated/brought to nothing/annulled/foiled", "*ʿăṣat*": "counsel of/plan of/advice of", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*hēnî'*": "thwarted/frustrated/prevented", "*maḥšəbôt*": "thoughts/plans/devices/intentions", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes" } }
  • Ps 90:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.90.3", "source": "תָּשֵׁ֣ב אֱ֭נוֹשׁ עַד־דַּכָּ֑א וַ֝תֹּ֗אמֶר שׁ֣וּבוּ בְנֵי־אָדָֽם׃", "text": "You *tāšēḇ* *ʾĕnôš* to *dakkāʾ*, and you *tōʾmer* *šûḇû* *bĕnê*-*ʾāḏām*.", "grammar": { "*tāšēḇ*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you return/cause to return", "*ʾĕnôš*": "masculine singular - mankind/man", "*ʿaḏ-dakkāʾ*": "preposition + masculine singular - to dust/crushing/contrition", "*watōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you say", "*šûḇû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - return", "*bĕnê-ʾāḏām*": "masculine plural construct + proper name - sons of Adam/mankind/humans" }, "variants": { "*tāšēḇ*": "you return/you cause to return/you turn", "*ʾĕnôš*": "mankind/mortals/humanity/frail humans", "*dakkāʾ*": "dust/crushing/contrition/destruction", "*šûḇû*": "return/turn back/repent", "*bĕnê-ʾāḏām*": "sons of Adam/children of mankind/humans" } }
  • Isa 2:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Isaiah.2.22", "source": "חִדְל֤וּ לָכֶם֙ מִן־הָ֣אָדָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר נְשָׁמָ֖ה בְּאַפּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־בַמֶּ֥ה נֶחְשָׁ֖ב הֽוּא׃ פ", "text": "*Ḥidlû* to-you from-the-*ʾādām* who *nəšāmâ* in-*ʾappô*, for-in-what *neḥšāb* he?", "grammar": { "*ḥidlû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - cease/stop/refrain", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to/for you", "*min-hā-ʾādām*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - from mankind/humanity", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which", "*nəšāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - breath", "*bə-ʾappô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his nostrils", "*kî-ba-mmê*": "conjunction + preposition + interrogative pronoun - for in what", "*neḥšāb*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - is accounted/valued", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he" }, "variants": { "*ḥidlû*": "cease/stop/refrain/desist", "*ʾādām*": "mankind/humanity/man", "*nəšāmâ*": "breath/life/spirit", "*ʾappô*": "his nostrils/nose/face", "*neḥšāb*": "is accounted/valued/regarded/esteemed", "*ba-mmê neḥšāb hûʾ*": "of what account is he/how is he to be valued" } }
  • Lam 4:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Lamentations.4.20", "source": "ר֤וּחַ אַפֵּ֙ינוּ֙ מְשִׁ֣יחַ יְהוָ֔ה נִלְכַּ֖ד בִּשְׁחִיתוֹתָ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֔רְנוּ בְּצִלּ֖וֹ נִֽחְיֶ֥ה בַגּוֹיִֽם׃", "text": "The *rûaḥ ʾappênû*, *məšîaḥ YHWH*, was *nilkaḏ* in their *šəḥîṯôṯām*, of whom we *ʾāmarnû*, in his *ṣillô* we will *niḥyeh* among the *gôyim*", "grammar": { "*rûaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - breath of", "*ʾappênû*": "masculine dual noun with 1st common plural suffix - our nostrils", "*məšîaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - anointed of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*nilkaḏ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was captured", "*bi-šəḥîṯôṯām*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their pits", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/whom/which", "*ʾāmarnû*": "Qal perfect, 1st common plural - we said", "*bə-ṣillô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his shadow", "*niḥyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common plural - we will live", "*ba-gôyim*": "preposition + definite masculine plural noun - among the nations" }, "variants": { "*rûaḥ ʾappênû*": "breath of our nostrils/life of our breath/vital spirit", "*məšîaḥ YHWH*": "anointed of YHWH/YHWH's chosen one", "*nilkaḏ*": "was captured/was caught/was taken", "*šəḥîṯôṯām*": "their pits/their traps/their snares", "*ṣillô*": "his shadow/his shade/his protection", "*niḥyeh*": "we will live/we will survive/we will exist" } }
  • Dan 5:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Daniel.5.23", "source": "וְעַ֣ל מָרֵֽא־שְׁמַיָּ֣א ׀ הִתְרוֹמַ֡מְתָּ וּלְמָֽאנַיָּ֨א דִֽי־בַיְתֵ֜הּ הַיְתִ֣יו קדמיך קָֽדָמָ֗ךְ ואנתה וְאַ֨נְתְּ ורברבניך וְרַבְרְבָנָ֜ךְ שֵֽׁגְלָתָ֣ךְ וּלְחֵנָתָךְ֮ חַמְרָא֮ שָׁתַ֣יִן בְּהוֹן֒ וְלֵֽאלָהֵ֣י כַסְפָּֽא־וְ֠דַהֲבָא נְחָשָׁ֨א פַרְזְלָ֜א אָעָ֣א וְאַבְנָ֗א דִּ֠י לָֽא־חָזַ֧יִן וְלָא־שָׁמְעִ֛ין וְלָ֥א יָדְעִ֖ין שַׁבַּ֑חְתָּ וְלֵֽאלָהָ֞א דִּֽי־נִשְׁמְתָ֥ךְ בִּידֵ֛הּ וְכָל־אֹרְחָתָ֥ךְ לֵ֖הּ לָ֥א הַדַּֽרְתָּ׃", "text": "And against *māreʾ-shəmayyāʾ* *hiṯərôməmətā* and vessels *dî-ḇayṯeh* *hayṯîw* before *qāḏāmāḵ* and you *wəʾantə* and your nobles *wəraḇrəḇānāḵ* your wives *šeḡəlāṯāḵ* and your concubines *ûləḥenāṯāḵ* *ḥamrāʾ* *šāṯayin* with them, and to gods of silver and gold, bronze, iron, wood, and stone, which not see and not hear and not know you *šabbaḥətā*; and to *ʾelāhāʾ* *dî* your breath *nišmətāḵ* in his hand *bîḏeh* and all your ways to him not *haddarətā*.", "grammar": { "*māreʾ-shəmayyāʾ*": "construct state - Lord of heaven", "*hiṯərôməmətā*": "Hithpaal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have lifted yourself up", "*dî-ḇayṯeh*": "relative particle + noun + possessive suffix - of his house", "*hayṯîw*": "Haphel perfect, 3rd person plural - they brought", "*qāḏāmāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you", "*wəʾantə*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - and you", "*wəraḇrəḇānāḵ*": "conjunction + noun plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your nobles", "*šeḡəlāṯāḵ*": "noun plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your wives", "*ûləḥenāṯāḵ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your concubines", "*ḥamrāʾ*": "noun - wine", "*šāṯayin*": "participle plural - drinking", "*šabbaḥətā*": "Pael perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have praised", "*ʾelāhāʾ*": "emphatic state - the God", "*dî*": "relative particle - who/which", "*nišmətāḵ*": "noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your breath", "*bîḏeh*": "preposition + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his hand", "*haddarətā*": "Pael perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have honored" }, "variants": { "*māreʾ-shəmayyāʾ*": "Lord of heaven/Master of the heavens", "*hiṯərôməmətā*": "lifted yourself up/exalted yourself/shown arrogance", "*hayṯîw*": "they brought/were brought", "*šāṯayin*": "drinking/were drinking", "*šabbaḥətā*": "praised/glorified/honored", "*ʾelāhāʾ*": "God/the god/deity", "*haddarətā*": "honored/glorified/given honor to" } }
  • Job 27:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Job.27.3", "source": "כִּֽי־כָל־ע֣וֹד נִשְׁמָתִ֣י בִ֑י וְר֖וּחַ אֱל֣וֹהַּ בְּאַפִּֽי׃", "text": "*kî-kol-ʿôd* *nišmāṯî* *ḇî* *wə-rûaḥ* *ʾĕlôah* *bəʾappî*", "grammar": { "*kî-kol-ʿôd*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular construct + adverb - for all time that/as long as", "*nišmāṯî*": "noun feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my breath", "*ḇî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - in me", "*wə-rûaḥ*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and breath/spirit of", "*ʾĕlôah*": "noun masculine singular - God", "*bəʾappî*": "preposition + noun masculine dual construct with 1st person singular suffix - in my nostrils" }, "variants": { "*nəšāmâ*": "breath/spirit", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*ʾĕlôah*": "God/deity", "*ʾap̄*": "nostril/nose/face/anger" } }
  • Job 14:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Job.14.10", "source": "וְגֶ֣בֶר יָ֭מוּת וַֽיֶּחֱלָ֑שׁ וַיִּגְוַ֖ע אָדָ֣ם וְאַיּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wəgeber* *yāmût* *wayyeḥĕlāš* *wayyigwaʿ* *ʾādām* *wəʾayyô*", "grammar": { "*wəgeber*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular - and man/strong man", "*yāmût*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he dies", "*wayyeḥĕlāš*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - and he is weakened/prostrated", "*wayyigwaʿ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - and he expires/perishes", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine, singular - man/human", "*wəʾayyô*": "conjunction + interrogative + 3rd person, masculine, singular, suffix - and where is he" }, "variants": { "*geber*": "man/mighty man/strong man", "*yāmût*": "dies/perishes", "*wayyeḥĕlāš*": "is weakened/is prostrated/is laid low", "*wayyigwaʿ*": "expires/perishes/breathes his last", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/human", "*ʾayyô*": "where is he/his whereabouts" } }