1 Samuel 17:45

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

David replied to the Philistine, 'You come against me with a sword, spear, and javelin, but I come against you in the name of the LORD of Hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied.'

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י אַתָּה֙ בָּ֣א אֵלַ֔י בְּחֶ֖רֶב וּבַחֲנִ֣ית וּבְכִיד֑וֹן וְאָנֹכִ֣י בָֽא־אֵלֶ֗יךָ בְּשֵׁם֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֛י מַעַרְכ֥וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר חֵרַֽפְתָּ׃

Transliteration

wə-yōʾmer Dāwid to-the-pəlištî you bāʾ to-me with-ḥereb and-with-ḥănît and-with-kîdôn and-I bāʾ-to-you in-šēm YHWH ṣəbāʾôt ʾĕlōhê maʿărəkôt Yiśrāʾēl whom you-have-ḥēraptā

Grammar Details

• *wə-yōʾmer*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and said
• *Dāwid*: proper noun, masculine - David
• *pəlištî*: noun, masculine singular with definite article - the Philistine
• *bāʾ*: qal participle, masculine singular - coming/approaching
• *ḥereb*: noun, feminine singular - sword
• *ḥănît*: noun, feminine singular - spear
• *kîdôn*: noun, masculine singular - javelin/scimitar
• *šēm*: noun, masculine singular construct - name of
• *YHWH*: proper noun - the LORD (divine name)
• *ṣəbāʾôt*: noun, feminine plural construct - of hosts/armies
• *ʾĕlōhê*: noun, masculine plural construct - God of
• *maʿărəkôt*: noun, feminine plural construct - armies/ranks of
• *Yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel
• *ḥēraptā*: piel perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have defied/taunted/reproached

Word Meanings

• *kîdôn*: javelin/scimitar/short spear
• *ṣəbāʾôt*: armies/hosts/heavenly forces
• *maʿărəkôt*: battle lines/ranks/armies
• *ḥēraptā*: defied/taunted/reproached/insulted

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Then said David to the Philistine, Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a shield: but I come to thee in the name of the LORD of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast defied.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Then David said to the Philistine, You come to me with a sword, a spear, and a javelin, but I come to you in the name of the LORD of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Then said David to the Philistine, Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a shield: but I come to thee in the name of the LORD of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast defied.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then said{H559} David{H1732} to the Philistine,{H6430} Thou comest{H935} to me with a sword,{H2719} and with a spear,{H2595} and with a javelin:{H3591} but I come{H935} to thee in the name{H8034} of Jehovah{H3068} of hosts,{H6635} the God{H430} of the armies{H6635} of Israel,{H3478} whom thou hast defied.{H2778}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then said{H559}{(H8799)} David{H1732} to the Philistine{H6430}, Thou comest{H935}{(H8802)} to me with a sword{H2719}, and with a spear{H2595}, and with a shield{H3591}: but I come{H935}{(H8802)} to thee in the name{H8034} of the LORD{H3068} of hosts{H6635}, the God{H430} of the armies{H4634} of Israel{H3478}, whom thou hast defied{H2778}{(H8765)}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Neuertheles Dauid sayde vnto the Philistyne: Thou commest vnto me with swerde, speare and shylde. But I come vnto the in the name of the LORDE Zebaoth the God of the hoost of Israel, whom thou hast despysed.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then sayd Dauid to the Philistim, Thou commest to me with a sword, and with a speare, & with a shield, but I come to thee in the Name of the Lord of hostes, the God of the hoste of Israel, whom thou hast rayled vpon.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Then sayde Dauid to the Philistine: Thou commest to me with a sword, a speare, & a shielde: But I come to thee in the name of the Lord of hoastes, the God of the hoast of Israel, whom thou hast rayled vpon.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Then said David to the Philistine, Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a shield: but I come to thee in the name of the LORD of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast defied.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Then said David to the Philistine, You come to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a javelin: but I come to you in the name of Yahweh of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And David saith unto the Philistine, `Thou art coming unto me with sword, and with spear, and with buckler, and I am coming unto thee in the name of Jehovah of Hosts, God of the ranks of Israel, which thou hast reproached.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then said David to the Philistine, Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a javelin: but I come to thee in the name of Jehovah of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast defied.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then said David to the Philistine, Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a javelin: but I come to thee in the name of Jehovah of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast defied.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then David said to the Philistine, You come to me with a sword and a spear and a javelin: but I come to you in the name of the Lord of armies, the God of the armies of Israel on which you have put shame.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Then David said to the Philistine, "You come to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a javelin: but I come to you in the name of Yahweh of Armies, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  But David replied to the Philistine,“You are coming against me with sword and spear and javelin. But I am coming against you in the name of the LORD of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel’s armies, whom you have defied!

Referenced Verses

• 2 Chr 32:8 : 8 With him is only an arm of flesh, but with us is the LORD our God to help us and to fight our battles." The people regained confidence from the words of Hezekiah king of Judah.
• 1 Sam 17:36 : 36 'Your servant has killed both the lion and the bear; this uncircumcised Philistine will be like one of them, because he has defied the armies of the living God.'
• 2 Sam 22:33-35 : 33 This God—he is my strong refuge and makes my way blameless. 34 He makes my feet like the feet of a deer and sets me securely on the heights. 35 He trains my hands for battle, so my arms can bend a bow of bronze.
• 1 Sam 17:10 : 10 The Philistine continued, 'I defy the armies of Israel this day. Give me a man so we can fight each other.'
• Phil 4:13 : 13 I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me.
• 2 Cor 3:5 : 5 Not that we are sufficient in ourselves to claim anything as coming from us, but our sufficiency is from God.
• 2 Cor 10:4 : 4 The weapons of our warfare are not of the flesh, but they are powerful through God for the destruction of strongholds. We demolish arguments
• 1 Sam 17:26 : 26 David said to the men standing with him, 'What will be done for the man who strikes down this Philistine and removes this disgrace from Israel? Who is this uncircumcised Philistine that he should defy the armies of the living God?'
• Ps 3:8 : 8 Arise, LORD! Save me, my God! For you strike all my enemies on the cheek, and you break the teeth of the wicked.
• Ps 18:2 : 2 He said, "I love You, LORD, my strength."
• Ps 20:5-7 : 5 May He grant you your heart’s desire and fulfill all of your plans. 6 We will shout for joy at your victory, and in the name of our God we will lift up our banners. May the Lord fulfill all your petitions. 7 Now I know that the Lord saves His anointed; He will answer him from His holy heaven with the victorious power of His right hand.
• Ps 44:6 : 6 Through You we will push back our adversaries; in Your name we will trample those who rise against us.
• Ps 118:10-11 : 10 All the nations surrounded me; in the name of the Lord, I cut them off. 11 They surrounded me, yes, they surrounded me; in the name of the Lord, I cut them off.
• Ps 124:8-125:1 : 8 Our help is in the name of the Lord, the Maker of heaven and earth. 1 A song of ascents. Those who trust in the LORD are like Mount Zion, which cannot be moved but remains forever.
• Prov 18:10 : 10 The name of the LORD is a strong tower; the righteous run to it and are safe.
• Isa 37:23 : 23 Whom have you reproached and blasphemed? Against whom have you raised your voice and lifted your eyes in pride? Against the Holy One of Israel!
• Isa 37:28 : 28 But I know your sitting down, your going out and coming in, and your raging against Me.
• Heb 11:32-34 : 32 And what more shall I say? Time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, Samuel, and the prophets, 33 who through faith conquered kingdoms, administered justice, obtained promises, shut the mouths of lions, 34 quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, gained strength out of weakness, became mighty in battle, and routed foreign armies.