Leviticus 22:5

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

or touches any unclean crawling creature that makes him unclean, or any person who makes him unclean by whatever means—

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

אוֹ־אִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִגַּ֔ע בְּכָל־שֶׁ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְמָא־ל֑וֹ א֤וֹ בְאָדָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְמָא־ל֔וֹ לְכֹ֖ל טֻמְאָתֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

ʾô-ʾîš ʾăšer yiggaʿ bə-kol-šereṣ ʾăšer yiṭmāʾ-lô ʾô bə-ʾādām ʾăšer yiṭmāʾ-lô lə-kōl ṭumʾātô

Grammar Details

• *ʾô*: conjunction - or
• *ʾîš*: noun masculine singular - man
• *ʾăšer*: relative particle - who
• *yiggaʿ*: Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - touches
• *bə-kol*: preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in any
• *šereṣ*: noun masculine singular - swarming thing, creeping thing
• *yiṭmāʾ*: Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - makes unclean
• *lô*: preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him
• *bə-ʾādām*: preposition + noun masculine singular - in/by a person
• *lə-kōl*: preposition + noun masculine singular construct - according to all
• *ṭumʾātô*: noun feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his uncleanness

Word Meanings

• *yiggaʿ*: touches, makes contact with, comes in contact with
• *šereṣ*: swarming thing, creeping thing, reptile
• *yiṭmāʾ*-*lô*: makes unclean to him, defiles him, causes impurity to him
• *ʾādām*: person, man, human being
• *ṭumʾātô*: his uncleanness, his impurity, his defilement

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Or whosoever toucheth any creeping thing, whereby he may be made uncan, or a man of whom he may take uncanness, whatsoever uncanness he hath;

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Or whoever touches any creeping thing, by which he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatever uncleanness he has;

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Or whosoever toucheth any creeping thing, whereby he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatsoever uncleanness he hath;

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  or whosoever toucheth any creeping thing, whereby he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatsoever uncleanness he hath;

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Or whosoever toucheth any creeping thing, whereby he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatsoever uncleanness he hath;

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  or whosoeuer twitcheth any worme that is vncleane to him or man that is vncleane to him what soeuer vnclennesse he hath:

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  or who so toucheth eny worme that is vncleane vnto him, or a ma yt is vncleane vnto him,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Or the man that toucheth any creeping thing, whereby he may be made vncleane, or a man, by whom he may take vncleannesse, whatsoeuer vncleannesse he hath,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Or whosoeuer toucheth any creeping thyng, whereby he may be made vncleane, or a man, of whom he may take vncleannes, whatsoeuer vncleannes he hath:

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Or whosoever toucheth any creeping thing, whereby he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatsoever uncleanness he hath;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  or whoever touches any creeping thing, whereby he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatever uncleanness he has;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  or a man who cometh against any teeming thing which is unclean to him, or against a man who is unclean to him, even any of his uncleanness --

• American Standard Version (1901)

  or whosoever toucheth any creeping thing, whereby he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatsoever uncleanness he hath;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  or whosoever toucheth any creeping thing, whereby he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatsoever uncleanness he hath;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Or anyone touching any unclean thing which goes flat on the earth, or someone by whom he may be made unclean in any way whatever;

• World English Bible (2000)

  or whoever touches any creeping thing, whereby he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatever uncleanness he has;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  or a man who touches a swarming thing by which he becomes unclean, or touches a person by which he becomes unclean, whatever that person’s impurity–

Referenced Verses

• Lev 15:7 : 7 Anyone who touches the body of the man with the discharge must wash their clothes, bathe in water, and will remain unclean until evening.
• Lev 15:19 : 19 When a woman has her menstrual period, her flow of blood will make her unclean for seven days. Anyone who touches her will be unclean until evening.
• Lev 11:43-44 : 43 Do not make yourselves detestable by eating any swarming creature that moves along the ground. Do not defile yourselves with them, for you will become unclean through them. 44 For I am the LORD your God. Consecrate yourselves and be holy, because I am holy. Do not defile yourselves with any of the swarming creatures that move along the ground.
• Lev 11:24-28 : 24 By these you will become unclean: whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean until the evening. 25 Anyone who picks up their carcasses must wash their clothes and will be unclean until the evening. 26 Every animal that has a divided hoof but does not chew the cud is unclean to you; whoever touches them will become unclean. 27 All animals that walk on their paws among the creatures that walk on all fours are unclean to you; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean until the evening. 28 Anyone who picks up their carcasses must wash their clothes and will be unclean until the evening. These animals are unclean to you.