1 Kings 11:1

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "1 Kings.11.1", "source": "וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֗ה אָהַ֞ב נָשִׁ֧ים נָכְרִיּ֛וֹת רַבּ֖וֹת וְאֶת־בַּת־פַּרְעֹ֑ה מוֹאֲבִיּ֤וֹת עַמֳּנִיּוֹת֙ אֲדֹ֣מִיֹּ֔ת צֵדְנִיֹּ֖ת חִתִּיֹּֽת׃", "text": "And the *melekh* *Shelomoh* *ʾāhaḇ* *nāshīm* *nokhrīyōt* *rabbōt* and *ʾet*-daughter-of-*Parʿōh*; *Mōʾăḇīyōt*, *ʿAmmŏnīyōt*, *ʾĂdōmīyōt*, *Tsēdonīyōt*, *Ḥittīyōt*.", "grammar": { "*melekh*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king", "*Shelomoh*": "proper noun, masculine - Solomon", "*ʾāhaḇ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - loved", "*nāshīm*": "noun, feminine, plural, absolute - women/wives", "*nokhrīyōt*": "adjective, feminine, plural - foreign/strange", "*rabbōt*": "adjective, feminine, plural - many/numerous", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun, masculine - Pharaoh", "*Mōʾăḇīyōt*": "adjective, feminine, plural - Moabite (women)", "*ʿAmmŏnīyōt*": "adjective, feminine, plural - Ammonite (women)", "*ʾĂdōmīyōt*": "adjective, feminine, plural - Edomite (women)", "*Tsēdonīyōt*": "adjective, feminine, plural - Sidonian (women)", "*Ḥittīyōt*": "adjective, feminine, plural - Hittite (women)" }, "variants": { "*ʾāhaḇ*": "loved/had affection for", "*nāshīm*": "women/wives", "*nokhrīyōt*": "foreign/strange/alien" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֗ה אָהַ֞ב נָשִׁ֧ים נָכְרִיּ֛וֹת רַבּ֖וֹת וְאֶת־בַּת־פַּרְעֹ֑ה מוֹאֲבִיּ֤וֹת עַמֳּנִיּוֹת֙ אֲדֹ֣מִיֹּ֔ת צֵדְנִיֹּ֖ת חִתִּיֹּֽת׃

Transliteration

And the melekh Shelomoh ʾāhaḇ nāshīm nokhrīyōt rabbōt and ʾet-daughter-of-Parʿōh; Mōʾăḇīyōt, ʿAmmŏnīyōt, ʾĂdōmīyōt, Tsēdonīyōt, Ḥittīyōt.

Grammar Details

• *melekh*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - king
• *Shelomoh*: proper noun, masculine - Solomon
• *ʾāhaḇ*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - loved
• *nāshīm*: noun, feminine, plural, absolute - women/wives
• *nokhrīyōt*: adjective, feminine, plural - foreign/strange
• *rabbōt*: adjective, feminine, plural - many/numerous
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *Parʿōh*: proper noun, masculine - Pharaoh
• *Mōʾăḇīyōt*: adjective, feminine, plural - Moabite (women)
• *ʿAmmŏnīyōt*: adjective, feminine, plural - Ammonite (women)
• *ʾĂdōmīyōt*: adjective, feminine, plural - Edomite (women)
• *Tsēdonīyōt*: adjective, feminine, plural - Sidonian (women)
• *Ḥittīyōt*: adjective, feminine, plural - Hittite (women)

Word Meanings

• *ʾāhaḇ*: loved/had affection for
• *nāshīm*: women/wives
• *nokhrīyōt*: foreign/strange/alien

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  King Solomon loved many foreign women besides Pharaoh's daughter—Moabite, Ammonite, Edomite, Sidonian, and Hittite women.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But king Solomon loved many strange women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians, and Hittites;

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But King Solomon loved many foreign women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh: women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians, and Hittites.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But king Solomon loved many strange women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians, and Hittites;

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Now king{H4428} Solomon{H8010} loved{H157} many{H7227} foreign{H5237} women,{H802} together with the daughter{H1323} of Pharaoh,{H6547} women of the Moabites,{H4125} Ammonites,{H5984} Edomites,{H130} Sidonians,{H6722} and Hittites;{H2850}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But king{H4428} Solomon{H8010} loved{H157}{(H8804)} many{H7227} strange{H5237} women{H802}, together with the daughter{H1323} of Pharaoh{H6547}, women of the Moabites{H4125}, Ammonites{H5984}, Edomites{H130}, Zidonians{H6722}, and Hittites{H2850};

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But kynge Salomon loued many outlandish wemen, Pharaos doughter, and wemen of Moab, of Ammo, of Edom, of Sidon, and of Heth,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Bvt King Salomon loued many outlandish women: both the daughter of Pharaoh, and the women of Moab, Ammon, Edom, Zidon and Heth,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But king Solomo loued many outlandishe women, & the daughter of Pharao, and women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonites, & Hethites:

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ But king Solomon loved many strange women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians, [and] Hittites;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Now king Solomon loved many foreign women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And king Solomon hath loved many strange women, and the daughter of Pharaoh, females of Moab, Ammon, Edom, Zidon, `and' of the Hittites,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Now king Solomon loved many foreign women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Now king Solomon loved many foreign women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Now a number of strange women were loved by Solomon, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians, and Hittites:

• World English Bible (2000)

  Now king Solomon loved many foreign women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The Lord Punishes Solomon for Idolatry King Solomon fell in love with many foreign women(besides Pharaoh’s daughter), including Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites.

Referenced Verses

• Deut 17:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.17.17", "source": "וְלֹ֤א יַרְבֶּה־לּוֹ֙ נָשִׁ֔ים וְלֹ֥א יָס֖וּר לְבָב֑וֹ וְכֶ֣סֶף וְזָהָ֔ב לֹ֥א יַרְבֶּה־לּ֖וֹ מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "And not *yarbeh*-to him *nāšîm*, and not *yāsûr* *ləḇāḇô*; and *kesef* and *zāhāḇ* not *yarbeh*-to him exceedingly.", "grammar": { "וְלֹ֤א": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "יַרְבֶּה־לּוֹ֙": "hiphil imperfect 3ms + preposition + 3ms suffix - he shall multiply for himself", "נָשִׁ֔ים": "noun feminine plural - women/wives", "וְלֹ֥א": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "יָס֖וּר": "qal imperfect 3ms - it shall turn aside", "לְבָב֑וֹ": "noun masculine singular construct + 3ms suffix - his heart", "וְכֶ֣סֶף": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and silver", "וְזָהָ֔ב": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and gold", "לֹ֥א": "negative particle - not", "יַרְבֶּה־לּ֖וֹ": "hiphil imperfect 3ms + preposition + 3ms suffix - he shall multiply for himself", "מְאֹֽד": "adverb - exceedingly/greatly" }, "variants": { "*yarbeh*": "multiply/increase/acquire many", "*nāšîm*": "women/wives", "*yāsûr*": "turn aside/be led astray", "*ləḇāḇô*": "his heart/his mind", "*kesef*": "silver/money", "*zāhāḇ*": "gold" } }
• Neh 13:23-27 : 23 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.13.23", "source": "גַּ֣ם ׀ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֗ם רָאִ֤יתִי אֶת־הַיְּהוּדִים֙ הֹשִׁ֗יבוּ נָשִׁים֙ *אשדודיות **אַשְׁדֳּדִיּ֔וֹת *עמוניות **עַמֳּנִיּ֖וֹת מוֹאֲבִיּֽוֹת׃", "text": "Also in the *yāmîm* the *hahēm* *rāʾîtî* *ʾet*-the *yəhûdîm* *hōšîbû* *nāšîm* *ʾašdodiyyôt* *ʿammoniyyôt* *môʾăbiyyôt*.", "grammar": { "*yāmîm*": "masculine plural with preposition and definite article - in the days", "*hahēm*": "demonstrative adjective masculine plural - those", "*rāʾîtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I saw", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yəhûdîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - the Jews", "*hōšîbû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - they had married/settled", "*nāšîm*": "feminine plural - women", "*ʾašdodiyyôt*": "feminine plural adjective - Ashdodite", "*ʿammoniyyôt*": "feminine plural adjective - Ammonite", "*môʾăbiyyôt*": "feminine plural adjective - Moabite" }, "variants": { "*hōšîbû*": "had married/settled/caused to dwell with", "*ʾašdodiyyôt*": "Ashdodite women/women of Ashdod", "*ʿammoniyyôt*": "Ammonite women/women of Ammon", "*môʾăbiyyôt*": "Moabite women/women of Moab" } } 24 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.13.24", "source": "וּבְנֵיהֶ֗ם חֲצִי֙ מְדַבֵּ֣ר אַשְׁדּוֹדִ֔ית וְאֵינָ֥ם מַכִּירִ֖ים לְדַבֵּ֣ר יְהוּדִ֑ית וְכִלְשׁ֖וֹן עַ֥ם וָעָֽם׃", "text": "And *bənêhem* half *mədabbēr* *ʾašdôdît*, and *ʾênām* *makkîrîm* to *dabbēr* *yəhûdît*, and according to *kîləšôn* *ʿam* and *ʿām*.", "grammar": { "*bənêhem*": "masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sons/children", "*mədabbēr*": "Piel participle masculine singular - speaking", "*ʾašdôdît*": "feminine singular - language of Ashdod", "*ʾênām*": "particle of negation with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they were not", "*makkîrîm*": "Hiphil participle masculine plural - knowing/recognizing", "*dabbēr*": "Piel infinitive construct - to speak", "*yəhûdît*": "feminine singular - language of Judah/Jewish", "*kîləšôn*": "masculine singular with preposition - according to language of", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular - people/nation", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular - people/nation" }, "variants": { "*mədabbēr*": "speaking/talking", "*ʾašdôdît*": "language of Ashdod/Ashdodite", "*makkîrîm*": "knowing/recognizing/able", "*yəhûdît*": "language of Judah/Jewish/Hebrew", "*kîləšôn* *ʿam* and *ʿām*": "according to the language of each people/respective languages of various peoples" } } 25 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.13.25", "source": "וָאָרִ֤יב עִמָּם֙ וָאֲקַֽלְלֵ֔ם וָאַכֶּ֥ה מֵהֶ֛ם אֲנָשִׁ֖ים וָֽאֶמְרְטֵ֑ם וָאַשְׁבִּיעֵ֣ם בֵּֽאלֹהִ֗ים אִם־תִּתְּנ֤וּ בְנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ לִבְנֵיהֶ֔ם וְאִם־תִּשְׂאוּ֙ מִבְּנֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם לִבְנֵיכֶ֖ם וְלָכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *ʾārîb* with them and *ʾăqalləlēm* and *ʾakkeh* from them *ʾănāšîm* and *ʾemrəṭēm* and *ʾašbîʿēm* by *ʾĕlōhîm*, 'If-*tittənû* *bənōtêkem* to *bənêhem* and if-*tiśʾû* from *bənōtêhem* to *bənêkem* and to yourselves.'", "grammar": { "*ʾārîb*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I contended", "*ʾăqalləlēm*": "Piel imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I cursed them", "*ʾakkeh*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I struck", "*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural - men", "*ʾemrəṭēm*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I plucked out their hair", "*ʾašbîʿēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I made them swear", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural with preposition - by God", "*tittənû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will give", "*bənōtêkem*": "feminine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your daughters", "*bənêhem*": "masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*tiśʾû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will take", "*bənōtêhem*": "feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their daughters", "*bənêkem*": "masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sons" }, "variants": { "*ʾārîb*": "contended/strove/quarreled", "*ʾăqalləlēm*": "cursed them/reviled them", "*ʾakkeh*": "struck/beat/hit", "*ʾemrəṭēm*": "plucked out their hair/pulled out their hair", "*ʾašbîʿēm*": "made them swear/put them under oath", "*tiśʾû*": "take/carry/lift" } } 26 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.13.26", "source": "הֲל֣וֹא עַל־אֵ֣לֶּה חָטָֽא־שְׁלֹמֹ֣ה מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל וּבַגּוֹיִ֣ם הָרַבִּים֩ לֹֽא־הָיָ֨ה מֶ֜לֶךְ כָּמֹ֗הוּ וְאָה֤וּב לֵֽאלֹהָיו֙ הָיָ֔ה וַיִּתְּנֵ֣הוּ אֱלֹהִ֔ים מֶ֖לֶךְ עַל־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל גַּם־אוֹת֣וֹ הֶחֱטִ֔יאוּ הַנָּשִׁ֖ים הַנָּכְרִיּֽוֹת׃", "text": "*hălôʾ* concerning-*ʾēlleh* *ḥāṭāʾ*-*šəlōmōh* *melek* *yiśrāʾēl*? And among the *gôyîm* the *rabbîm* not-*hāyâ* *melek* like him, and *ʾāhûb* to *ʾĕlōhāyw* *hāyâ*, and *yittənēhû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *melek* over-all-*yiśrāʾēl*. Even-him *heḥĕṭîʾû* the *nāšîm* the *nāḵəriyyôt*.", "grammar": { "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - did not?", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun plural - these", "*ḥāṭāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - sinned", "*šəlōmōh*": "proper noun - Solomon", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*gôyîm*": "masculine plural with definite article and preposition - among the nations", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - the many", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - was/existed", "*melek*": "masculine singular - king", "*ʾāhûb*": "Qal passive participle masculine singular - beloved", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his God", "*yittənēhû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he made him", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural - God", "*melek*": "masculine singular - king", "*heḥĕṭîʾû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - they caused to sin", "*nāšîm*": "feminine plural with definite article - the women", "*nāḵəriyyôt*": "feminine plural adjective with definite article - the foreign" }, "variants": { "*ḥāṭāʾ*": "sinned/offended/missed the mark", "*gôyîm*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*ʾāhûb*": "beloved/loved/dear", "*yittənēhû*": "made him/appointed him/gave him", "*heḥĕṭîʾû*": "caused to sin/led astray", "*nāḵəriyyôt*": "foreign/strange/alien" } } 27 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.13.27", "source": "וְלָכֶ֣ם הֲנִשְׁמַ֗ע לַעֲשֹׂת֙ אֵ֣ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֤ה הַגְּדוֹלָה֙ הזֹּ֔את לִמְעֹ֖ל בֵּֽאלֹהֵ֑ינוּ לְהֹשִׁ֖יב נָשִׁ֥ים נָכְרִיּֽוֹת׃", "text": "And to-you *hănišmaʿ* to-do *ʾēt* all-*hārāʿāh* *haggədôlāh* this, to-*māʿal* against-*ʾĕlōhênû*, to-*hōšîb* *nāšîm* *nokrîyôt*?", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*lākem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to/for you", "*hănišmaʿ*": "interrogative particle + niphal infinitive absolute - shall it be heard?", "*laʿăśōt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to do", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol-hārāʿāh*": "construct chain, 'all of' + definite article + feminine singular noun - all the evil", "*haggədôlāh*": "definite article + feminine singular adjective - the great", "*hazzōʾt*": "definite article + feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*liməʿōl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to act unfaithfully", "*bēʾlōhênû*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - against our God", "*ləhōšîb*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to dwell/marry", "*nāšîm*": "feminine plural noun - women", "*nokrîyôt*": "feminine plural adjective - foreign" }, "variants": { "*hănišmaʿ*": "shall it be heard/obeyed/accepted", "*māʿal*": "act unfaithfully/treacherously/commit trespass", "*hōšîb*": "cause to dwell/marry/settle", "*nokrîyôt*": "foreign/strange/alien" } }
• Prov 2:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Proverbs.2.16", "source": "לְ֭הַצִּ֣ילְךָ מֵאִשָּׁ֣ה זָרָ֑ה מִ֝נָּכְרִיָּ֗ה אֲמָרֶ֥יהָ הֶחֱלִֽיקָה׃", "text": "to-*haṣṣîləḵā* from-*ʾiššāh* *zārāh* from-*nāḵriyyāh* *ʾămārеhā* *hеḥĕlîqāh*", "grammar": { "*haṣṣîləḵā*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to deliver you", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*zārāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - strange", "*nāḵriyyāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - foreign", "*ʾămārеhā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her words", "*hеḥĕlîqāh*": "verb, hiphil perfect 3rd person feminine singular - she has made smooth" }, "variants": { "*haṣṣîləḵā*": "deliver/rescue/save you", "*ʾiššāh*": "woman/wife", "*zārāh*": "strange/foreign/another", "*nāḵriyyāh*": "foreign/alien/strange", "*ʾămārеhā*": "her words/her sayings", "*hеḥĕlîqāh*": "made smooth/flattered/made slippery" } }
• Prov 5:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.8", "source": "הַרְחֵ֣ק מֵעָלֶ֣יהָ דַרְכֶּ֑ךָ וְאַל־תִּ֝קְרַ֗ב אֶל־פֶּ֥תַח בֵּיתָֽהּ", "text": "*harḥēq* from-upon-her your-*derek* and-not-*tiqrab* to-*petaḥ* her-*bayit*", "grammar": { "*harḥēq*": "verb, hiphil imperative masculine singular - keep far/put distance", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your way/path", "*tiqrab*": "verb, qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - come near/approach", "*petaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - opening/door/entrance of", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her house" }, "variants": { "*harḥēq*": "keep far/put distance/remove", "*derek*": "way/path/journey/direction/manner", "*tiqrab*": "come near/approach/draw near", "*petaḥ*": "opening/door/entrance/gateway", "*bayit*": "house/home/household/temple/family" } } 9 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.9", "source": "פֶּן־תִּתֵּ֣ן לַאֲחֵרִ֣ים הוֹדֶ֑ךָ וּ֝שְׁנֹתֶ֗יךָ לְאַכְזָרִֽי", "text": "Lest-*tittēn* to-*ʾăḥērîm* your-*hôd* and-your-*šānôt* to-*ʾakzārî*", "grammar": { "*pen*": "conjunction - lest/so that not", "*tittēn*": "verb, qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you give", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - others", "*hôd*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your vigor/splendor", "*šānôt*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your years", "*ʾakzārî*": "adjective, masculine singular - cruel/fierce one" }, "variants": { "*tittēn*": "give/place/put/set", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "others/strangers/foreigners", "*hôd*": "vigor/splendor/majesty/honor/dignity", "*šānôt*": "years/lifetime", "*ʾakzārî*": "cruel/fierce/ruthless one" } } 10 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.10", "source": "פֶּֽן־יִשְׂבְּע֣וּ זָרִ֣ים כֹּחֶ֑ךָ וַ֝עֲצָבֶ֗יךָ בְּבֵ֣ית נָכְרֽ͏ִי", "text": "Lest-*yiśbĕʿû* *zārîm* your-*kōaḥ* and-your-*ʿăṣābîm* in-*bêt* *nokrî*", "grammar": { "*pen*": "conjunction - lest/so that not", "*yiśbĕʿû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they are satisfied/filled", "*zārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - strangers/foreigners", "*kōaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your strength", "*ʿăṣābîm*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your labors/toils", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*nokrî*": "adjective, masculine singular - foreign/strange/alien" }, "variants": { "*yiśbĕʿû*": "be satisfied/be filled/have enough", "*zārîm*": "strangers/foreigners/unauthorized people", "*kōaḥ*": "strength/power/wealth/ability", "*ʿăṣābîm*": "labors/toils/pains/hardships/earnings", "*nokrî*": "foreign/strange/alien" } } 11 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.11", "source": "וְנָהַמְתָּ֥ בְאַחֲרִיתֶ֑ךָ בִּכְל֥וֹת בְּ֝שָׂרְךָ֗ וּשְׁאֵרֶֽךָ", "text": "And-*nāhamtā* in-your-*ʾaḥărît* in-*kĕlôt* your-*bāśār* and-your-*šĕʾēr*", "grammar": { "*nāhamtā*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will groan/growl/mourn", "*ʾaḥărît*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your end/outcome/future", "*kĕlôt*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - failing/consuming/ending", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your flesh/body", "*šĕʾēr*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your body/flesh/relative" }, "variants": { "*nāhamtā*": "groan/growl/mourn/roar", "*ʾaḥărît*": "end/outcome/future/latter part", "*kĕlôt*": "failing/ending/consuming/wasting away", "*bāśār*": "flesh/body/skin/meat/mankind", "*šĕʾēr*": "body/flesh/relative/kin/food" } } 12 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.12", "source": "וְֽאָמַרְתָּ֗ אֵ֭יךְ שָׂנֵ֣אתִי מוּסָ֑ר וְ֝תוֹכַ֗חַת נָאַ֥ץ לִבִּֽי", "text": "And-*ʾāmartā* how *śānēʾtî* *mûsār* and-*tôkaḥat* *nāʾaṣ* my-*lēb*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartā*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will say", "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*śānēʾtî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I hated", "*mûsār*": "noun, masculine singular - discipline/instruction/correction", "*tôkaḥat*": "noun, feminine singular - reproof/rebuke/correction", "*nāʾaṣ*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it despised/rejected", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my heart" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmartā*": "say/speak/think/command", "*śānēʾtî*": "hate/detest/reject", "*mûsār*": "discipline/instruction/correction/chastening", "*tôkaḥat*": "reproof/rebuke/correction/argument", "*nāʾaṣ*": "despise/reject/spurn", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner self/will/understanding" } } 13 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.13", "source": "וְֽלֹא־שָׁ֭מַעְתִּי בְּק֣וֹל מוֹרָ֑י וְ֝לִֽמְלַמְּדַ֗י לֹא־הִטִּ֥יתִי אָזְנִֽי", "text": "And-not-*šāmaʿtî* in-*qôl* my-*môrê* and-to-my-*mĕlammĕdê* not-*hiṭṭîtî* my-*ʾōzen*", "grammar": { "*šāmaʿtî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I listened/obeyed", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice of", "*môrê*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my teachers", "*mĕlammĕdê*": "verb, piel participle masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my instructors", "*hiṭṭîtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect 1st person singular - I inclined/extended", "*ʾōzen*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my ear" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿtî*": "listen/hear/obey/understand", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*môrê*": "teachers/instructors", "*mĕlammĕdê*": "instructors/those who teach me", "*hiṭṭîtî*": "incline/extend/stretch out/turn", "*ʾōzen*": "ear/hearing" } } 14 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.14", "source": "כִּ֭מְעַט הָיִ֣יתִי בְכָל־רָ֑ע בְּת֖וֹךְ קָהָ֣ל וְעֵדָֽה", "text": "As-*mĕʿaṭ* *hāyîtî* in-all-*raʿ* in-the-midst-of *qāhāl* and-*ʿēdâ*", "grammar": { "*kimʿaṭ*": "adverb - almost/nearly", "*hāyîtî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I was", "*raʿ*": "noun/adjective, masculine singular - evil/misfortune", "*tôk*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*qāhāl*": "noun, masculine singular - assembly/congregation", "*ʿēdâ*": "noun, feminine singular - congregation/assembly" }, "variants": { "*mĕʿaṭ*": "little/few/almost/nearly", "*hāyîtî*": "was/became/happened", "*raʿ*": "evil/misfortune/distress/injury/calamity", "*qāhāl*": "assembly/congregation/crowd", "*ʿēdâ*": "congregation/assembly/community/group" } } 15 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.15", "source": "שְׁתֵה־מַ֥יִם מִבּוֹרֶ֑ךָ וְ֝נֹזְלִ֗ים מִתּ֥וֹךְ בְּאֵרֶֽךָ", "text": "*šĕtê*-*mayim* from-your-*bôr* and-*nōzĕlîm* from-midst-of your-*bĕʾēr*", "grammar": { "*šĕtê*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular - drink", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*bôr*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your cistern", "*nōzĕlîm*": "verb, qal participle masculine plural - flowing waters", "*tôk*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*bĕʾēr*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your well" }, "variants": { "*šĕtê*": "drink/consume", "*mayim*": "water/waters/liquid", "*bôr*": "cistern/pit/well", "*nōzĕlîm*": "flowing waters/streams/freshwater", "*bĕʾēr*": "well/pit/water source" } } 16 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.16", "source": "יָפ֣וּצוּ מַעְיְנֹתֶ֣יךָ ח֑וּצָה בָּ֝רְחֹב֗וֹת פַּלְגֵי־מָֽיִם", "text": "*yāpûṣû* your-*maʿyĕnōt* *ḥûṣâ* in-the-*rĕḥōbôt* *palgê*-*māyim*", "grammar": { "*yāpûṣû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they are scattered/dispersed/spread abroad", "*maʿyĕnōt*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your springs/fountains", "*ḥûṣâ*": "noun, masculine singular with directional heh - to the outside/street", "*rĕḥōbôt*": "noun, feminine plural - open places/squares/broad places", "*palgê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - streams/channels of", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - water" }, "variants": { "*yāpûṣû*": "be scattered/be dispersed/spread out/overflow", "*maʿyĕnōt*": "springs/fountains/sources", "*ḥûṣâ*": "outside/street/abroad", "*rĕḥōbôt*": "open places/squares/broad streets/plazas", "*palgê*": "streams/channels/divisions", "*māyim*": "water/waters/liquid" } } 17 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.17", "source": "יִֽהְיוּ־לְךָ֥ לְבַדֶּ֑ךָ וְאֵ֖ין לְזָרִ֣ים אִתָּֽךְ", "text": "*yihĕyû*-to-you to-your-*bad* and-no to-*zārîm* with-you", "grammar": { "*yihĕyû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will be", "*bad*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your separateness/alone", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not/no", "*zārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - strangers/foreigners", "*ʾittāk*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - with you" }, "variants": { "*yihĕyû*": "be/become/happen/exist", "*bad*": "separateness/alone/isolation/apart", "*zārîm*": "strangers/foreigners/outsiders", "*ʾittāk*": "with you/beside you/in your company" } } 18 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.18", "source": "יְהִֽי־מְקוֹרְךָ֥ בָר֑וּךְ וּ֝שְׂמַ֗ח מֵאֵ֥שֶׁת נְעוּרֶֽךָ", "text": "*yĕhî*-your-*māqôr* *bārûk* and-*śĕmaḥ* from-*ʾēšet* your-*nĕʿûrîm*", "grammar": { "*yĕhî*": "verb, qal jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let it be", "*māqôr*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your fountain/spring/source", "*bārûk*": "verb, qal passive participle masculine singular - blessed", "*śĕmaḥ*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular - rejoice", "*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of", "*nĕʿûrîm*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your youth" }, "variants": { "*yĕhî*": "let it be/may it be", "*māqôr*": "fountain/spring/source/origin/well", "*bārûk*": "blessed/praised/adored", "*śĕmaḥ*": "rejoice/be glad/be joyful", "*ʾēšet*": "wife/woman", "*nĕʿûrîm*": "youth/young age/early life" } } 19 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.19", "source": "אַיֶּ֥לֶת אֲהָבִ֗ים וְֽיַעֲלַ֫ת חֵֽן דַּ֭דֶּיהָ יְרַוֻּ֣ךָ בְכָל־עֵ֑ת בְּ֝אַהֲבָתָ֗הּ תִּשְׁגֶּ֥ה תָמִֽיד", "text": "*ʾayyelet* *ʾăhābîm* and-*yaʿălat* *ḥēn* her-*daddîm* *yĕrawwûkā* in-all-*ʿēt* in-her-*ʾahăbâ* *tišgeh* *tāmîd*", "grammar": { "*ʾayyelet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - doe/deer of", "*ʾăhābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - love/affection", "*yaʿălat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - ibex/mountain goat of", "*ḥēn*": "noun, masculine singular - grace/favor/charm", "*daddîm*": "noun, masculine dual with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her breasts", "*yĕrawwûkā*": "verb, piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 2nd person masculine suffix - they satisfy you", "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular - time", "*ʾahăbâ*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her love", "*tišgeh*": "verb, qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - be intoxicated/infatuated", "*tāmîd*": "adverb - continually/always" }, "variants": { "*ʾayyelet*": "doe/deer/hind", "*ʾăhābîm*": "love/affection/desires", "*yaʿălat*": "ibex/mountain goat/wild goat", "*ḥēn*": "grace/favor/charm/beauty", "*daddîm*": "breasts/loves", "*yĕrawwûkā*": "satisfy you/give you drink/quench your thirst", "*tišgeh*": "be intoxicated/be infatuated/go astray/be captivated", "*tāmîd*": "continually/always/regularly/consistently" } } 20 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.20", "source": "וְלָ֤מָּה תִשְׁגֶּ֣ה בְנִ֣י בְזָרָ֑ה וּ֝תְחַבֵּ֗ק חֵ֣ק נָכְרִיָּֽה", "text": "And-why *tišgeh* my-*bĕnî* in-*zārâ* and-*tĕḥabbēq* *ḥēq* *nokrîyyâ*", "grammar": { "*lāmmâ*": "interrogative adverb - why", "*tišgeh*": "verb, qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - be intoxicated/infatuated", "*bĕnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my son", "*zārâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - strange/foreign woman", "*tĕḥabbēq*": "verb, piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - embrace", "*ḥēq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - bosom of", "*nokrîyyâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - strange/foreign woman" }, "variants": { "*tišgeh*": "be intoxicated/be infatuated/go astray/be captivated", "*bĕnî*": "my son/child/descendant", "*zārâ*": "strange woman/foreign woman/adulteress", "*tĕḥabbēq*": "embrace/hug/fold in arms", "*ḥēq*": "bosom/lap/chest/embrace", "*nokrîyyâ*": "strange woman/foreign woman/another man's wife" } }
• Prov 6:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.24", "source": "לִ֭שְׁמָרְךָ מֵאֵ֣שֶׁת רָ֑ע מֵֽ֝חֶלְקַ֗ת לָשׁ֥וֹן נָכְרִיָּֽה׃", "text": "To-*lišmārḵā* from-*ʾēšet* *rāʿ* from-*meḥelqat* *lāšôn* *nāḵriyyāh*", "grammar": { "*lišmārḵā*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to keep you", "*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of/woman of", "*rāʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - evil/wickedness", "*meḥelqat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from smoothness of", "*lāšôn*": "noun, feminine singular construct - tongue of", "*nāḵriyyāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - foreign/strange" }, "variants": { "*lišmārḵā*": "to keep you/to guard you/to protect you", "*ʾēšet*": "wife of/woman of", "*rāʿ*": "evil/wickedness/bad", "*meḥelqat*": "smoothness/flattery", "*nāḵriyyāh*": "foreign/strange/alien" } }
• Prov 7:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Proverbs.7.5", "source": "לִ֭שְׁמָרְךָ מֵאִשָּׁ֣ה זָרָ֑ה מִ֝נָּכְרִיָּ֗ה אֲמָרֶ֥יהָ הֶחֱלִֽיקָה׃", "text": "To *šmārḵā* from *ʾiššāh* *zārāh*, from *nāḵrîyyāh* whose *ʾămārêhā* *heḥĕlîqāh*.", "grammar": { "*šmārḵā*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to keep you", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*zārāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - strange/foreign", "*nāḵrîyyāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - foreign/alien", "*ʾămārêhā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her words/sayings", "*heḥĕlîqāh*": "verb, hifil perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she has made smooth/flattering" }, "variants": { "*zārāh*": "strange/foreign/another/unauthorized", "*nāḵrîyyāh*": "foreign/alien/strange", "*heḥĕlîqāh*": "made smooth/flattered/made slippery" } }
• Prov 22:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Proverbs.22.14", "source": "שׁוּחָ֣ה עֲ֭מֻקָּה פִּ֣י זָר֑וֹת זְע֥וּם יְ֝הוָ֗ה *יפול־**יִפָּל־שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*šûḥāh* *'ămuqqāh* *pî* *zārôT*; *zĕ'ûm* *YHWH* *yippāl-šām*.", "grammar": { "*šûḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - pit/ditch", "*'ămuqqāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - deep", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mouth of", "*zārôT*": "adjective, feminine plural - strange women/foreign women", "*zĕ'ûm*": "verb, Qal passive participle, masculine singular construct - one who is indignant with", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*yippāl-šām*": "verb with adverb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will fall there" }, "variants": { "*šûḥāh*": "pit/ditch/trap", "*'ămuqqāh*": "deep/profound", "*pî*": "mouth of/speech of/opening of", "*zārôT*": "strange women/foreign women/adulteresses", "*zĕ'ûm*": "cursed by/abhorred by/denounced by", "*yippāl*": "will fall/will collapse into", "*šām*": "there/therein" } }
• Prov 23:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Proverbs.23.33", "source": "עֵ֭ינֶיךָ יִרְא֣וּ זָר֑וֹת וְ֝לִבְּךָ֗ יְדַבֵּ֥ר תַּהְפֻּכֽוֹת׃", "text": "Your *ʿêneḵā yirʾû zārôṯ*, and your *libbǝḵā yǝḏabbēr tahpuḵôṯ*.", "grammar": { "*ʿêneḵā*": "noun, feminine dual + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*yirʾû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - will see", "*zārôṯ*": "adjective, feminine plural - strange things", "*libbǝḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*yǝḏabbēr*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will speak/utter", "*tahpuḵôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - perverse things/distortions" }, "variants": { "*ʿêneḵā yirʾû zārôṯ*": "your eyes will see strange things/your vision will perceive odd sights", "*libbǝḵā yǝḏabbēr tahpuḵôṯ*": "your heart will utter perverse things/your mind will speak distortions" } }
• 1 Kgs 3:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Kings.3.1", "source": "וַיִּתְחַתֵּ֣ן שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה אֶת־פַּרְעֹ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־בַּת־פַּרְעֹ֗ה וַיְבִיאֶ֙הָ֙ אֶל־עִ֣יר דָּוִ֔ד עַ֣ד כַּלֹּת֗וֹ לִבְנ֤וֹת אֶת־בֵּיתוֹ֙ וְאֶת־בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְאֶת־חוֹמַ֥ת יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם סָבִֽיב׃", "text": "And *wayyitḥattēn* *šĕlōmōh* *ʾet*-*parʿōh* *melek* *miṣrāyim* and he took *ʾet*-daughter-of-*parʿōh* and he brought her to-city of-*dāwid* until *kallōtô* to-build *ʾet*-his house and-*ʾet*-house of-*YHWH* and-*ʾet*-wall of-*yĕrûšālaim* around.", "grammar": { "*wayyitḥattēn*": "waw consecutive + Hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he made a marriage alliance", "*šĕlōmōh*": "proper noun, masculine - Solomon", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun, masculine - Pharaoh", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "he took": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular (*wayyiqqaḥ*) - and he took", "he brought her": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix (*wayĕbîʾehā*) - and he brought her", "*kallōtô*": "Piel infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his completion/finishing", "*dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine - David", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*yĕrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*wayyitḥattēn*": "made a marriage alliance with/became son-in-law to", "*kallōtô*": "his completion/his finishing/until he had finished", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker (untranslated in English)" } }
• 1 Kgs 11:8 : 8 { "verseID": "1 Kings.11.8", "source": "וְכֵ֣ן עָשָׂ֔ה לְכָל־נָשָׁ֖יו הַנָּכְרִיּ֑וֹת מַקְטִיר֥וֹת וּֽמְזַבְּח֖וֹת לֵאלֹהֵיהֶֽן׃", "text": "And-thus *ʿāsāh* for-all-his-*nāshāyw* the-*nākhrīyōt* *maqṭīrōt* and-*mezabbĕḥōt* to-their-*ʾĕlōhēyhen*.", "grammar": { "*ʿāsāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he did/made", "*nāshāyw*": "noun, feminine, plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wives", "*nākhrīyōt*": "article + adjective, feminine, plural - the foreign/strange", "*maqṭīrōt*": "verb, hiphil participle, feminine, plural - burning incense/offering sacrifices", "*mezabbĕḥōt*": "verb, piel participle, feminine, plural - sacrificing/slaughtering", "*ʾĕlōhēyhen*": "noun, masculine, plural + 3rd feminine plural suffix - their gods" }, "variants": { "*maqṭīrōt*": "burning incense/making smoke offerings", "*mezabbĕḥōt*": "sacrificing/slaughtering animals" } }
• Lev 18:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Leviticus.18.18", "source": "וְאִשָּׁ֥ה אֶל־אֲחֹתָ֖הּ לֹ֣א תִקָּ֑ח לִצְרֹ֗ר לְגַלּ֧וֹת עֶרְוָתָ֛הּ עָלֶ֖יהָ בְּחַיֶּֽיהָ׃", "text": "And *wəʾiššāh* to *ʾel*-*ʾăḥōtāh* *lōʾ* *tiqqāḥ* *litsrōr* *ləgallôt* *ʿerwātāh* *ʿāleyhā* *bəḥayyeyhā*", "grammar": { "*wəʾiššāh*": "waw conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and a woman", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*ʾăḥōtāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tiqqāḥ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall take", "*litsrōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to be a rival", "*ləgallôt*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to uncover", "*ʿerwātāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - against her/beside her", "*bəḥayyeyhā*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her lifetime" }, "variants": { "*tiqqāḥ*": "you shall take/you shall marry", "*litsrōr*": "to be a rival/to vex/to cause hostility", "*ləgallôt* *ʿerwātāh*": "to uncover her nakedness/to have sexual relations with her", "*ʿāleyhā*": "against her/beside her/in addition to her", "*bəḥayyeyhā*": "in her lifetime/while she lives" } }
• Gen 6:2-5 : 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.6.2", "source": "וַיִּרְא֤וּ בְנֵי־הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ אֶת־בְּנ֣וֹת הָֽאָדָ֔ם כִּ֥י טֹבֹ֖ת הֵ֑נָּה וַיִּקְח֤וּ לָהֶם֙ נָשִׁ֔ים מִכֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר בָּחָֽרוּ׃", "text": "*wa-yirʾû* *bĕnê*-*hā-ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾet*-*bĕnôt* *hā-ʾādām* that *ṭōbōt* they *hēnnâ* and *wa-yiqĕḥû* to them *nāšîm* from all which *bāḥārû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yirʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3mp - and they saw", "*bĕnê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural with definite article - God/gods/divine beings", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bĕnôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - daughters of", "*hā-ʾādām*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - man/mankind/humanity", "*ṭōbōt*": "adjective feminine plural - good/beautiful/fair", "*hēnnâ*": "3fp personal pronoun - they (feminine)", "*wa-yiqĕḥû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3mp - and they took", "*nāšîm*": "noun feminine plural - women/wives", "*bāḥārû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they chose" }, "variants": { "*bĕnê-hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "sons of God/divine beings/angelic beings/mighty men", "*ṭōbōt*": "good/beautiful/attractive/fair", "*nāšîm*": "women/wives" } } 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.6.3", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֗ה לֹֽא־יָד֨וֹן רוּחִ֤י בָֽאָדָם֙ לְעֹלָ֔ם בְּשַׁגַּ֖ם ה֣וּא בָשָׂ֑ר וְהָי֣וּ יָמָ֔יו מֵאָ֥ה וְעֶשְׂרִ֖ים שָׁנָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *YHWH* not *yādôn* *rûḥî* in *ʾādām* to *ʿōlām* in *šaggam* he *bāśār* and *hāyû* *yāmāyw* *mēʾâ* and *ʿeśrîm* *šānâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*yādôn*": "qal imperfect 3ms - will abide/strive/contend", "*rûḥî*": "noun feminine singular construct + 1cs suffix - my spirit", "*ʾādām*": "noun masculine singular with prefix preposition - in man/mankind", "*ʿōlām*": "noun masculine singular - forever/eternal/perpetual", "*šaggam*": "preposition + relative particle - because/in that also", "*bāśār*": "noun masculine singular - flesh", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they shall be", "*yāmāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix - his days", "*mēʾâ*": "numeral - hundred", "*ʿeśrîm*": "numeral - twenty", "*šānâ*": "noun feminine singular - year" }, "variants": { "*yādôn*": "abide/strive/remain/contend", "*šaggam*": "because/in that also/since/for that", "*bāśār*": "flesh/mortal/body/creature" } } 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.6.4", "source": "הַנְּפִלִ֞ים הָי֣וּ בָאָרֶץ֮ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵם֒ וְגַ֣ם אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֗ן אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָבֹ֜אוּ בְּנֵ֤י הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־בְּנ֣וֹת הֽ͏ָאָדָ֔ם וְיָלְד֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם הֵ֧מָּה הַגִּבֹּרִ֛ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר מֵעוֹלָ֖ם אַנְשֵׁ֥י הַשֵּֽׁם׃", "text": "The *nĕp̄ilîm* *hāyû* in *ʾāreṣ* in *yāmîm* those and also *ʾaḥărê*-*kēn* which *yābōʾû* *bĕnê* *hā-ʾĕlōhîm* unto *bĕnôt* *hā-ʾādām* and *yālĕdû* to them *hēmmâ* the *gibbōrîm* which from *ʿôlām* *ʾanšê* the *šēm*", "grammar": { "*nĕp̄ilîm*": "noun masculine plural with definite article - giants/fallen ones", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3cp - were", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular with prefix preposition - in the earth/land", "*yāmîm*": "noun masculine plural with definite article and prefix preposition - in the days", "*ʾaḥărê-kēn*": "preposition + adverb - after that", "*yābōʾû*": "qal imperfect 3mp - they came/went", "*bĕnê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural with definite article - God/gods/divine beings", "*bĕnôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - daughters of", "*hā-ʾādām*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - man/mankind/humanity", "*yālĕdû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they bore", "*hēmmâ*": "3mp personal pronoun - they", "*gibbōrîm*": "noun masculine plural with definite article - mighty men/heroes/warriors", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular with prefix preposition - from ancient time/old", "*ʾanšê*": "noun masculine plural construct - men of", "*šēm*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - name/renown/fame" }, "variants": { "*nĕp̄ilîm*": "giants/fallen ones/mighty ones", "*gibbōrîm*": "mighty men/heroes/warriors", "*ʾanšê* *ha-šēm*": "men of renown/men of name/famous men" } } 5 { "verseID": "Genesis.6.5", "source": "וַיַּ֣רְא יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י רַבָּ֛ה רָעַ֥ת הָאָדָ֖ם בָּאָ֑רֶץ וְכָל־יֵ֙צֶר֙ מַחְשְׁבֹ֣ת לִבּ֔וֹ רַ֥ק רַ֖ע כָּל־הַיּֽוֹם׃", "text": "*wa-yarʾ* *YHWH* that *rabbâ* *rāʿat* *hā-ʾādām* in *ʾāreṣ* and all *yēṣer* *maḥšĕbōt* *libbô* only *raʿ* all the *yôm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yarʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and he saw", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*rabbâ*": "adjective feminine singular - great/many/much", "*rāʿat*": "noun feminine singular construct - wickedness/evil of", "*hā-ʾādām*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - man/mankind/humanity", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular with prefix preposition - in the earth/land", "*yēṣer*": "noun masculine singular construct - inclination/formation/intent", "*maḥšĕbōt*": "noun feminine plural construct - thoughts/intentions", "*libbô*": "noun masculine singular + 3ms suffix - his heart", "*raʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - evil/bad/wicked", "*yôm*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - the day" }, "variants": { "*rabbâ*": "great/abundant/many", "*rāʿat*": "wickedness/evil/calamity", "*yēṣer*": "inclination/formation/framework/imagination", "*maḥšĕbōt*": "thoughts/intentions/plans" } }