1 {
"verseID": "1_Samuel.16.1",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֗ל עַד־מָתַי֙ אַתָּה֙ מִתְאַבֵּ֣ל אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל וַאֲנִ֣י מְאַסְתִּ֔יו מִמְּלֹ֖ךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מַלֵּ֨א קַרְנְךָ֜ שֶׁ֗מֶן וְלֵ֤ךְ אֶֽשְׁלָחֲךָ֙ אֶל־יִשַׁ֣י בֵּֽית־הַלַּחְמִ֔י כִּֽי־רָאִ֧יתִי בְּבָנָ֛יו לִ֖י מֶֽלֶךְ׃",
"text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* *Yəhwāh* to *Šəmûʾēl*, \"until when you *mitʾabbēl* for *Šāʾûl*, and I have *māʾastî* him from *mimmə̆lōḵ* over *Yiśrāʾēl*? Fill your *qarnəḵā* *šemen* and *wə-lēḵ* I will *ʾešlāḥăḵā* you to *Yišay* *bêt-hallaḥmî*, for I have *rāʾîtî* among his sons for me *meleḵ*.\"",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/YHWH",
"*Šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel",
"*mitʾabbēl*": "Hithpael participle, masculine singular - mourning/grieving",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul",
"*māʾastî*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular - I have rejected",
"*mimmə̆lōḵ*": "preposition min + Qal infinitive construct - from reigning/being king",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*qarnəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your horn",
"*šemen*": "noun, masculine singular - oil",
"*wə-lēḵ*": "waw conjunction + Qal imperative, masculine singular - and go",
"*ʾešlāḥăḵā*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will send you",
"*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse",
"*bêt-hallaḥmî*": "construct phrase - Bethlehemite (lit. 'house of the Bethlehemite')",
"*rāʾîtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular - I have seen/provided",
"*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king"
},
"variants": {
"*mitʾabbēl*": "mourning/grieving/lamenting",
"*māʾastî*": "rejected/refused/despised",
"*qarnəḵā*": "your horn/vessel/strength",
"*šemen*": "oil/anointing oil/fat",
"*rāʾîtî*": "seen/provided/selected"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "1_Samuel.16.2",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵל֙ אֵ֣יךְ אֵלֵ֔ךְ וְשָׁמַ֥ע שָׁא֖וּל וַהֲרָגָ֑נִי ס וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֗ה עֶגְלַ֤ת בָּקָר֙ תִּקַּ֣ח בְּיָדֶ֔ךָ וְאָ֣מַרְתָּ֔ לִזְבֹּ֥חַ לַֽיהוָ֖ה בָּֽאתִי׃",
"text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* *Šəmûʾēl*, \"How shall I *ʾēlēḵ*? If *wə-šāmaʿ* *Šāʾûl* then he will *wə-hărāgānî*.\" And *wə-yōʾmer* *Yəhwāh*, \"*ʿeglat bāqār* *tiqqaḥ* in your hand, and you shall *wə-ʾāmartā*, 'For *lizbōaḥ* to *Yəhwāh* I have come.'\"",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*Šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel",
"*ʾēlēḵ*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will go",
"*wə-šāmaʿ*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and [if] he hears",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul",
"*wə-hărāgānî*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - and he will kill me",
"*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/YHWH",
"*ʿeglat bāqār*": "construct phrase, feminine - heifer of cattle/young cow",
"*tiqqaḥ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall take",
"*wə-ʾāmartā*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say",
"*lizbōaḥ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to sacrifice",
"*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿeglat bāqār*": "heifer/young cow/calf",
"*lizbōaḥ*": "to sacrifice/to slaughter/to offer"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "1_Samuel.16.3",
"source": "וְקָרָ֥אתָ לְיִשַׁ֖י בַּזָּ֑בַח וְאָֽנֹכִ֗י אוֹדִֽיעֲךָ֙ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶֽׁר־תַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה וּמָשַׁחְתָּ֣ לִ֔י אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־אֹמַ֖ר אֵלֶֽיךָ׃",
"text": "And *wə-qārāʾtā* *lə-Yišay* to the *bazzābaḥ*, and *wə-ʾānōḵî* *ʾôdîʿăḵā* what you shall *taʿăśeh*, and you shall *û-māšaḥtā* for me whom I *ʾōmar* to you.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-qārāʾtā*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall call/invite",
"*lə-Yišay*": "preposition + proper noun - to Jesse",
"*bazzābaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the sacrifice",
"*wə-ʾānōḵî*": "waw conjunction + 1st person singular independent pronoun - and I",
"*ʾôdîʿăḵā*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will make known to you",
"*taʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall do",
"*û-māšaḥtā*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall anoint",
"*ʾōmar*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular - I say/tell"
},
"variants": {
"*qārāʾtā*": "call/invite/summon",
"*ʾôdîʿăḵā*": "make known/inform/reveal",
"*māšaḥtā*": "anoint/consecrate/designate"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "1_Samuel.16.4",
"source": "וַיַּ֣עַשׂ שְׁמוּאֵ֗ל אֵ֚ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה וַיָּבֹ֖א בֵּ֣ית לָ֑חֶם וַיֶּחֶרְד֞וּ זִקְנֵ֤י הָעִיר֙ לִקְרָאת֔וֹ וַיֹּ֖אמֶר שָׁלֹ֥ם בּוֹאֶֽךָ׃",
"text": "And *wə-yaʿaś* *Šəmûʾēl* what *dibber* *Yəhwāh*, and he *wə-yābōʾ* *bêt lāḥem*. And *wə-yeḥerdû* the *ziqnê hāʿîr* at his *liqrāʾtô*, and they *wə-yōʾmer*, \"Is *šālōm* your *bôʾeḵā*?\"",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yaʿaś*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he did",
"*Šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel",
"*dibber*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - spoke/commanded",
"*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/YHWH",
"*wə-yābōʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came",
"*bêt lāḥem*": "construct phrase - Bethlehem (lit. 'house of bread')",
"*wə-yeḥerdû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they trembled",
"*ziqnê hāʿîr*": "construct phrase - elders of the city",
"*liqrāʾtô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to meet him",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he/they said",
"*šālōm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace",
"*bôʾeḵā*": "Qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your coming"
},
"variants": {
"*yeḥerdû*": "trembled/were afraid/were anxious",
"*šālōm*": "peace/well-being/peaceful",
"*ziqnê*": "elders/old men/leaders"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "1_Samuel.16.5",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ שָׁל֗וֹם לִזְבֹּ֤חַ לַֽיהוָה֙ בָּ֔אתִי הִֽתְקַדְּשׁ֔וּ וּבָאתֶ֥ם אִתִּ֖י בַּזָּ֑בַח וַיְקַדֵּ֤שׁ אֶת־יִשַׁי֙ וְאֶת־בָּנָ֔יו וַיִּקְרָ֥א לָהֶ֖ם לַזָּֽבַח׃",
"text": "And he *wə-yōʾmer*, \"*šālôm*. To *lizbōaḥ* to *Yəhwāh* I have come. *hitqaddəšû* and *û-bāʾtem* with me to the *bazzābaḥ*.\" And he *wə-yəqaddēš* *Yišay* and his sons, and he *wə-yiqrāʾ* them to the *lazzābaḥ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace",
"*lizbōaḥ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to sacrifice",
"*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/YHWH",
"*hitqaddəšû*": "Hithpael imperative, masculine plural - consecrate yourselves",
"*û-bāʾtem*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and [you will] come",
"*bazzābaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the sacrifice",
"*wə-yəqaddēš*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he consecrated",
"*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse",
"*wə-yiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he invited",
"*lazzābaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the sacrifice"
},
"variants": {
"*šālôm*": "peace/well-being/peaceful",
"*hitqaddəšû*": "consecrate yourselves/purify yourselves/sanctify yourselves",
"*yəqaddēš*": "consecrated/sanctified/purified"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "1_Samuel.16.6",
"source": "וַיְהִ֣י בְּבוֹאָ֔ם וַיַּ֖רְא אֶת־אֱלִיאָ֑ב וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אַ֛ךְ נֶ֥גֶד יְהוָ֖ה מְשִׁיחֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And it *wə-yəhî* at their *bəbôʾām*, and he *wə-yarʾ* *ʾĔlîʾāb*, and he *wə-yōʾmer*, \"Surely before *Yəhwāh* is his *məšîḥô*.\"",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass",
"*bəbôʾām*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - when they came",
"*wə-yarʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he saw",
"*ʾĔlîʾāb*": "proper noun - Eliab",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/YHWH",
"*məšîḥô*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anointed"
},
"variants": {
"*məšîḥô*": "his anointed/his appointed one/his chosen one"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "1_Samuel.16.7",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֗ל אַל־תַּבֵּ֧ט אֶל־מַרְאֵ֛הוּ וְאֶל־גְּבֹ֥הַּ קוֹמָת֖וֹ כִּ֣י מְאַסְתִּ֑יהוּ כִּ֣י ׀ לֹ֗א אֲשֶׁ֤ר יִרְאֶה֙ הָאָדָ֔ם כִּ֤י הָֽאָדָם֙ יִרְאֶ֣ה לַעֵינַ֔יִם וַיהוָ֖ה יִרְאֶ֥ה לַלֵּבָֽב׃",
"text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* *Yəhwāh* to *Šəmûʾēl*, \"Do not *tabbēṭ* at his *marʾēhû* and at the *gəbōah* of his *qômātô*, for I have *məʾastîhû*. For not as *yirʾeh* *hāʾādām*, for *hāʾādām* *yirʾeh* to the *lāʿênayim*, but *Yəhwāh* *yirʾeh* to the *lallēbāb*.\"",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/YHWH",
"*Šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel",
"*tabbēṭ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular jussive - look at/regard",
"*marʾēhû*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his appearance",
"*gəbōah*": "adjective, masculine singular - height/tallness",
"*qômātô*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his stature",
"*məʾastîhû*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - I have rejected him",
"*yirʾeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he sees",
"*hāʾādām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man/human",
"*lāʿênayim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine dual - to the eyes",
"*lallēbāb*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the heart"
},
"variants": {
"*tabbēṭ*": "look at/regard/consider",
"*marʾēhû*": "his appearance/his form/what is visible of him",
"*gəbōah*": "height/tallness/elevation",
"*lallēbāb*": "heart/mind/inner being"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "1_Samuel.16.8",
"source": "וַיִּקְרָ֤א יִשַׁי֙ אֶל־אֲבִ֣ינָדָ֔ב וַיַּעֲבִרֵ֖הוּ לִפְנֵ֣י שְׁמוּאֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֕אמֶר גַּם־בָּזֶ֖ה לֹֽא־בָחַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wə-yiqrāʾ* *Yišay* to *ʾĂbînādāb* and *wə-yaʿăbirēhû* before *Šəmûʾēl*. And he *wə-yōʾmer*, \"Also in this one has not *bāḥar* *Yəhwāh*.\"",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called",
"*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse",
"*ʾĂbînādāb*": "proper noun - Abinadab",
"*wə-yaʿăbirēhû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he made him pass",
"*Šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*bāḥar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - chosen",
"*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿăbirēhû*": "made him pass/brought him over/presented him",
"*bāḥar*": "chosen/selected/desired"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "1_Samuel.16.9",
"source": "וַיַּעֲבֵ֥ר יִשַׁ֖י שַׁמָּ֑ה וַיֹּ֕אמֶר גַּם־בָּזֶ֖ה לֹא־בָחַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wə-yaʿăbēr* *Yišay* *Šammāh*. And he *wə-yōʾmer*, \"Also in this one has not *bāḥar* *Yəhwāh*.\"",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yaʿăbēr*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he made pass",
"*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse",
"*Šammāh*": "proper noun - Shammah",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*bāḥar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - chosen",
"*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿăbēr*": "made pass/presented/brought forward",
"*bāḥar*": "chosen/selected/desired"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "1_Samuel.16.10",
"source": "וַיַּעֲבֵ֥ר יִשַׁ֛י שִׁבְעַ֥ת בָּנָ֖יו לִפְנֵ֣י שְׁמוּאֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵל֙ אֶל־יִשַׁ֔י לֹא־בָחַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה בָּאֵֽלֶּה׃",
"text": "And *wə-yaʿăbēr* *Yišay* *šibʿat* of his *bānāw* before *Šəmûʾēl*. And *wə-yōʾmer* *Šəmûʾēl* to *Yišay*, \"Not *bāḥar* *Yəhwāh* in these.\"",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yaʿăbēr*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he made pass",
"*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse",
"*šibʿat*": "cardinal number, feminine construct - seven of",
"*bānāw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons",
"*Šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*bāḥar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - chosen",
"*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿăbēr*": "made pass/presented/brought forward",
"*bāḥar*": "chosen/selected/desired"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "1_Samuel.16.11",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֣ל אֶל־יִשַׁי֮ הֲתַ֣מּוּ הַנְּעָרִים֒ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר ע֚וֹד שָׁאַ֣ר הַקָּטָ֔ן וְהִנֵּ֥ה רֹעֶ֖ה בַּצֹּ֑אן וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֤ל אֶל־יִשַׁי֙ שִׁלְחָ֣ה וְקָחֶ֔נּוּ כִּ֥י לֹא־נָסֹ֖ב עַד־בֹּא֥וֹ פֹֽה׃",
"text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* *Šəmûʾēl* to *Yišay*, \"Are *hătammû* the *hannəʿārîm*?\" And he *wə-yōʾmer*, \"Yet *šāʾar* the *haqqāṭān*, and behold, *rōʿeh* with the *baṣṣōʾn*.\" And *wə-yōʾmer* *Šəmûʾēl* to *Yišay*, \"*šilḥāh* and *wə-qāḥennû*, for we will not *nāsōb* until his *bōʾô* here.\"",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*Šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel",
"*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse",
"*hătammû*": "interrogative + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - are they complete/finished",
"*hannəʿārîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the young men/boys",
"*šāʾar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - remains",
"*haqqāṭān*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the youngest/smallest",
"*rōʿeh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - shepherding",
"*baṣṣōʾn*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the flock",
"*šilḥāh*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - send",
"*wə-qāḥennû*": "waw conjunction + Qal imperative, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and take/fetch him",
"*nāsōb*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common plural - we will turn around/sit down",
"*bōʾô*": "Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his coming"
},
"variants": {
"*hătammû*": "are complete/are finished/are all present",
"*hannəʿārîm*": "the young men/the boys/the servants",
"*šāʾar*": "remains/is left/is still",
"*haqqāṭān*": "the youngest/the smallest/the least significant",
"*rōʿeh*": "shepherding/tending/pasturing",
"*nāsōb*": "turn around/sit down/recline"
}
}