2 Samuel 1:21

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.21", "source": "הָרֵ֣י בַגִּלְבֹּ֗עַ אַל־טַ֧ל וְאַל־מָטָ֛ר עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם וּשְׂדֵ֣י תְרוּמֹ֑ת כִּ֣י שָׁ֤ם נִגְעַל֙ מָגֵ֣ן גִּבּוֹרִ֔ים מָגֵ֣ן שָׁא֔וּל בְּלִ֖י מָשִׁ֥יחַ בַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃", "text": "*Hārê* in *gilbōaʿ*, not *ṭal* and not *māṭār* on you and *śədê* *tərûmōt*, for there *nigʿal* *māgēn* *gibbôrîm*, *māgēn* *šāʾûl* without *māšîaḥ* in the *šāmen*.", "grammar": { "*hārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - mountains of", "*gilbōaʿ*": "proper noun - Gilboa", "*ṭal*": "noun, masculine singular - dew", "*māṭār*": "noun, masculine singular - rain", "*śədê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - fields of", "*tərûmōt*": "noun, feminine plural - offerings/contributions", "*nigʿal*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was defiled/cast away", "*māgēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - shield of", "*gibbôrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mighty ones/warriors", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bəlî*": "preposition - without", "*māšîaḥ*": "passive participle, masculine singular - anointed", "*šāmen*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the oil" }, "variants": { "*hārê bagilbōaʿ*": "mountains of Gilboa/hills of Gilboa", "*ʾal-ṭal wəʾal-māṭār ʿălêkem*": "let there be no dew or rain on you/may no dew or rain [fall] on you", "*śədê tərûmōt*": "fields of offerings/fields of heave offerings/fields of first fruits", "*nigʿal māgēn gibbôrîm*": "shield of warriors was defiled/shield of the mighty was rejected/the shield of heroes was cast away", "*māgēn šāʾûl bəlî māšîaḥ baššāmen*": "shield of Saul [as if] not anointed with oil/Saul's shield [is now] without anointing oil" } }

Additional Resources

Other Translations

  • Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

    O mountains of Gilboa, may you have no dew or rain, nor fields of offerings! For there the shield of the mighty was defiled—the shield of Saul, no longer anointed with oil.

  • King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

    Ye mountains of Gilboa, let there be no dew, neither let there be rain, upon you, nor fields of offerings: for there the shield of the mighty is vilely cast away, the shield of Saul, as though he had not been anointed with oil.

  • KJV1611 – Modern English

    You mountains of Gilboa, let there be no dew, neither let there be rain upon you, nor fields of offerings: for there the shield of the mighty is disdainfully cast away, the shield of Saul, as though he had not been anointed with oil.

  • King James Version 1611 (Original)

    Ye mountains of Gilboa, let there be no dew, neither let there be rain, upon you, nor fields of offerings: for there the shield of the mighty is vilely cast away, the shield of Saul, as though he had not been anointed with oil.

  • American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

    Ye mountains of Gilboa, Let there be no dew nor rain upon you, neither fields of offerings: For there the shield of the mighty was vilely cast away, The shield of Saul, not anointed with oil.

  • King James Version with Strong's Numbers

    Ye mountains of Gilboa, let there be no dew, neither let there be rain, upon you, nor fields of offerings: for there the shield of the mighty is vilely cast away, the shield of Saul, as though he had not been anointed with oil.

  • Coverdale Bible (1535)

    Ye mountaynes of Gelboa, nether dew ner rayne come vpo you, nether lode be wherof commeth Heueofferynges: for there is ye shylde of the Worthies smytten downe, the shylde of Saul, as though he had not bene anoynted with oyle.

  • Geneva Bible (1560)

    Ye mountaines of Gilboa, vpon you be neither dewe nor raine, nor be there fieldes of offrings: for there the shielde of the mightie is cast downe, the shielde of Saul, as though he had not bene anointed with oyle.

  • Bishops' Bible (1568)

    Ye mountaynes of Gilboa, vpon you be neither deawe nor raine, nor fieldes of offeringes: For there the shield of the mightie is cast downe, the shielde of Saul, as though he had not ben annoynted with oyle.

  • Authorized King James Version (1611)

    Ye mountains of Gilboa, [let there be] no dew, neither [let there be] rain, upon you, nor fields of offerings: for there the shield of the mighty is vilely cast away, the shield of Saul, [as though he had] not [been] anointed with oil.

  • Webster's Bible (1833)

    You mountains of Gilboa, Let there be no dew nor rain on you, neither fields of offerings: For there the shield of the mighty was vilely cast away, The shield of Saul, not anointed with oil.

  • Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

    Mountains of Gilboa! No dew nor rain be on you, And fields of heave-offerings! For there hath become loathsome The shield of the mighty, The shield of Saul -- without the anointed with oil.

  • American Standard Version (1901)

    Ye mountains of Gilboa, Let there be no dew nor rain upon you, neither fields of offerings: For there the shield of the mighty was vilely cast away, The shield of Saul, not anointed with oil.

  • American Standard Version (1901)

    Ye mountains of Gilboa, Let there be no dew nor rain upon you, neither fields of offerings: For there the shield of the mighty was vilely cast away, The shield of Saul, not anointed with oil.

  • Bible in Basic English (1941)

    O mountains of Gilboa, let there be no dew or rain on you, you fields of death: for there the arms of the strong have been shamed, the arms of Saul, as if he had not been marked with the holy oil.

  • World English Bible (2000)

    You mountains of Gilboa, let there be no dew nor rain on you, neither fields of offerings; For there the shield of the mighty was vilely cast away, The shield of Saul was not anointed with oil.

  • NET Bible® (New English Translation)

    O mountains of Gilboa, may there be no dew or rain on you, nor fields of grain offerings! For it was there that the shield of warriors was defiled; the shield of Saul lies neglected without oil.

Referenced Verses

  • 1 Sam 31:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.31.1", "source": "וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים נִלְחָמִ֣ים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיָּנֻ֜סוּ אַנְשֵׁ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיִּפְּל֥וּ חֲלָלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר הַגִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃", "text": "And *pəlištîm* were *nilḥāmîm* against *yiśrāʾēl*, and *wayyānusu* the men of *yiśrāʾēl* from before *pəlištîm*, and *wayyippəlû* *ḥălālîm* in *har haggilbōaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*nilḥāmîm*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine plural - fighting/warring", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyānusu*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they fled", "*wayyippəlû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they fell", "*ḥălālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - slain/fallen/pierced", "*har haggilbōaʿ*": "proper noun phrase - Mount Gilboa" }, "variants": { "*nilḥāmîm*": "fighting/battling/waging war", "*ḥălālîm*": "slain ones/pierced ones/fallen ones" } }
  • Isa 21:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.21.5", "source": "עָרֹ֧ךְ הַשֻּׁלְחָ֛ן צָפֹ֥ה הַצָּפִ֖ית אָכ֣וֹל שָׁתֹ֑ה ק֥וּמוּ הַשָּׂרִ֖ים מִשְׁח֥וּ מָגֵֽן׃ פ", "text": "*'ārōk* the *šulḥān* *ṣāpōh* the *ṣāpît* *'ākôl* *šātōh* *qūmū* the *śārîm* *mišḥū* *māgēn*", "grammar": { "*'ārōk*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - setting/arranging", "*šulḥān*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the table", "*ṣāpōh*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - watching", "*ṣāpît*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the watchtower/watchpost", "*'ākôl*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - eating", "*šātōh*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - drinking", "*qūmū*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - arise/stand up", "*śārîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the princes/officials", "*mišḥū*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - anoint", "*māgēn*": "noun, masculine singular - shield" }, "variants": { "*'ārōk*": "arrange/prepare/set up", "*ṣāpōh*": "watch/keep lookout", "*ṣāpît*": "watchtower/watchpost/lookout", "*mišḥū māgēn*": "anoint the shield/prepare the shield/oil the shield" } }
  • 1 Sam 10:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1Samuel.10.1", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֨ח שְׁמוּאֵ֜ל אֶת־פַּ֥ךְ הַשֶּׁ֛מֶן וַיִּצֹ֥ק עַל־רֹאשׁ֖וֹ וַיִּשָּׁקֵ֑הוּ וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הֲל֗וֹא כִּֽי־מְשָׁחֲךָ֧ יְהוָ֛ה עַל־נַחֲלָת֖וֹ לְנָגִֽיד׃", "text": "*wə-yiqqaḥ Šəmûʾēl* *ʾeṯ-pak haššemen* *wə-yiṣōq* upon-*rōʾšô* *wə-yiššāqēhû* *wə-yōʾmer* is not that-*məšāḥăḵā YHWH* upon-*naḥălātô* for-*nāḡîḏ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqqaḥ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he took", "*Šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun, singular - Samuel", "*ʾeṯ-pak*": "direct object marker with noun, construct state - flask of", "*haššemen*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the oil", "*wə-yiṣōq*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he poured", "*rōʾšô*": "noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his head", "*wə-yiššāqēhû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular masculine with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he kissed him", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he said", "*məšāḥăḵā*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he has anointed you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*naḥălātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his inheritance", "*nāḡîḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - leader/ruler/prince" }, "variants": { "*pak*": "flask/vial/container", "*šemen*": "oil/ointment", "*məšāḥăḵā*": "anointed you/appointed you by anointing", "*naḥălātô*": "his inheritance/his possession/his people", "*nāḡîḏ*": "leader/prince/commander/ruler" } }
  • Judg 5:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Judges.5.23", "source": "א֣וֹרוּ מֵר֗וֹז אָמַר֙ מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה אֹ֥רוּ אָר֖וֹר יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ כִּ֤י לֹֽא־בָ֙אוּ֙ לְעֶזְרַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה לְעֶזְרַ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה בַּגִּבּוֹרִֽים׃", "text": "*Arar* *Meroz*, *amar* *malak* of-*YHWH*, *arar* *aror* inhabitants-of-her because not they-came to-help-of *YHWH*, to-help-of *YHWH* among-the-*gibborim*", "grammar": { "*Arar*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - curse!", "*Meroz*": "proper name - Meroz", "*amar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*malak*": "noun, masculine singular construct - angel/messenger of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*arar*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - curse!", "*aror*": "absolute infinitive - utterly curse", "יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ": "Qal participle, masculine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her inhabitants", "כִּ֤י": "conjunction - because", "לֹֽא־בָ֙אוּ֙": "negative particle + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they did not come", "לְעֶזְרַ֣ת": "preposition ל + noun, feminine singular construct - to help of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "לְעֶזְרַ֥ת": "preposition ל + noun, feminine singular construct - to help of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "בַּגִּבּוֹרִֽים": "preposition ב + definite article + adjective, masculine plural - among the mighty ones" }, "variants": { "*arar*": "curse/bind with a curse", "*amar*": "say/speak/command", "*malak*": "messenger/angel", "*aror*": "utterly curse", "*gibborim*": "mighty ones/warriors/heroes" } }
  • Jer 20:14-16 : 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.20.14", "source": "אָר֣וּר הַיּ֔וֹם אֲשֶׁ֥ר יֻלַּ֖דְתִּי בּ֑וֹ י֛וֹם אֲשֶׁר־יְלָדַ֥תְנִי אִמִּ֖י אַל־יְהִ֥י בָרֽוּךְ׃", "text": "*ʾārûr* the *yôm* which *yullad̄tî* in it, *yôm* which-*yəlād̄atnî* *ʾimmî* not-*yəhî* *bārûḵ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾārûr*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - cursed", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yullad̄tî*": "pual perfect, 1st common singular - I was born", "*bô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in it", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*yəlād̄atnî*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular with 1st common singular suffix - she bore me", "*ʾimmî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my mother", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - not", "*yəhî*": "qal jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let it be", "*bārûḵ*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - blessed" }, "variants": { "*ʾārûr*": "cursed/accursed", "*yullad̄tî*": "I was born/brought forth", "*yəlād̄atnî*": "she bore me/gave birth to me", "*yəhî bārûḵ*": "let it be blessed/may it be blessed" } } 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.20.15", "source": "אָר֣וּר הָאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר בִּשַּׂ֤ר אֶת־אָבִי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר יֻֽלַּד־לְךָ֖ בֵּ֣ן זָכָ֑ר שַׂמֵּ֖חַ שִׂמֳּחָֽהוּ׃", "text": "*ʾārûr* the *ʾîš* who *biśśar* *ʾet*-*ʾābî* *lēʾmōr*, *yullad̄*-to you *bēn* *zāḵār*, *śammēaḥ* *śimmŏḥāhû*.", "grammar": { "*ʾārûr*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - cursed", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*biśśar*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he brought news", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾābî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my father", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*yullad̄*": "pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was born", "*ləḵā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular - son", "*zāḵār*": "adjective, masculine singular - male", "*śammēaḥ*": "piel infinitive absolute - rejoicing", "*śimmŏḥāhû*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he made him rejoice" }, "variants": { "*ʾārûr*": "cursed/accursed", "*biśśar*": "brought news/announced/informed", "*yullad̄*": "was born/has been born", "*bēn zāḵār*": "male son/male child", "*śammēaḥ śimmŏḥāhû*": "making him rejoice/greatly delighting him/certainly he made him rejoice" } } 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.20.16", "source": "וְהָיָה֙ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא כֶּֽעָרִ֛ים אֲשֶׁר־הָפַ֥ךְ יְהוָ֖ה וְלֹ֣א נִחָ֑ם וְשָׁמַ֤ע זְעָקָה֙ בַּבֹּ֔קֶר וּתְרוּעָ֖ה בְּעֵ֥ת צָהֳרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And *wəhāyāh* the *ʾîš* the *hū* like *ʿārîm* which-*hāpaḵ* *YHWH* and not *niḥām*, and *wəšāmaʿ* *zəʿāqāh* in the *bōqer* and *tərûʿāh* in *ʿēt* *ṣŏhŏrāyim*.", "grammar": { "*wəhāyāh*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and let him be", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man", "*hū*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural with preposition - like cities", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*hāpaḵ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he overthrew", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*niḥām*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he repented/changed his mind", "*wəšāmaʿ*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and let him hear", "*zəʿāqāh*": "noun, feminine singular - outcry/cry", "*bōqer*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article and preposition - in the morning", "*tərûʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - alarm/shout", "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of", "*ṣŏhŏrāyim*": "noun, masculine dual - noon/midday" }, "variants": { "*ʿārîm*": "cities/towns", "*hāpaḵ*": "overthrew/overturned/destroyed", "*niḥām*": "repented/changed his mind/relented", "*zəʿāqāh*": "outcry/cry/wailing", "*tərûʿāh*": "alarm/shout/war cry", "*ṣŏhŏrāyim*": "noon/midday" } }
  • Ezek 31:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.15", "source": "כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה בְּי֨וֹם רִדְתּ֤וֹ שְׁא֙וֹלָה֙ הֶאֱבַ֜לְתִּי כִּסֵּ֤תִי עָלָיו֙ אֶת־תְּה֔וֹם וָֽאֶמְנַע֙ נַהֲרוֹתֶ֔יהָ וַיִּכָּלְא֖וּ מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֑ים וָאַקְדִּ֤ר עָלָיו֙ לְבָנ֔וֹן וְכָל־עֲצֵ֥י הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה עָלָ֥יו עֻלְפֶּֽה", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* in day *ridtô* *šəʾôlāh* *heʾĕḇaltî* I covered over him *ʾet-təhôm* and *wāʾemnaʿ* *nahărôtêhā* and *wayyikkāləʾû* *mayim* *rabbîm* and *wāʾaqdir* over him *ləḇānôn* and all *ʿăṣê* the *śādeh* over him *ʿulpeh*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st common singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ridtô*": "qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his going down", "*šəʾôlāh*": "noun, feminine singular with directional he - to Sheol", "*heʾĕḇaltî*": "hiphil perfect 1st common singular - I caused mourning", "*ʾet-təhôm*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular - the deep", "*wāʾemnaʿ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st common singular - and I restrained", "*nahărôtêhā*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her rivers", "*wayyikkāləʾû*": "conjunction + niphal imperfect 3rd common plural - and they were restrained", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many/abundant", "*wāʾaqdir*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 1st common singular - and I caused darkness", "*ləḇānôn*": "proper noun - Lebanon", "*ʿăṣê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - trees of", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field", "*ʿulpeh*": "pual perfect 3rd masculine singular - was fainted/mourned" }, "variants": { "*ridtô šəʾôlāh*": "his going down to Sheol/his descent to the grave/his going to the underworld", "*heʾĕḇaltî*": "I caused mourning/I made to mourn/I had mourned", "*wāʾemnaʿ*": "and I restrained/and I withheld/and I held back", "*wāʾaqdir*": "and I darkened/and I clothed in darkness/and I caused mourning for", "*ʿulpeh*": "were faint/languished/wilted/mourned" } }
  • Joel 1:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Joel.1.9", "source": "הָכְרַ֥ת מִנְחָ֛ה וָנֶ֖סֶךְ מִבֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֑ה אָֽבְלוּ֙ הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים מְשָׁרְתֵ֖י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*Hāḵraṯ* *minḥāh* *wā*-*neseḵ* *mibbêṯ* *YHWH* *ʾāḇlû* *hakkōhănîm* *məšārəṯê* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*Hāḵraṯ*": "Hophal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is cut off", "*minḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - grain offering, meal offering", "*wā*": "conjunction - and", "*neseḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - drink offering", "*mibbêṯ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from house of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾāḇlû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they mourn", "*hakkōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests", "*məšārəṯê*": "Piel participle, masculine plural construct - ministers of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name" }, "variants": { "*Hāḵraṯ*": "is cut off/removed/withheld", "*minḥāh*": "grain offering/meal offering/tribute", "*neseḵ*": "drink offering/libation", "*ʾāḇlû*": "they mourn/grieve/lament", "*məšārəṯê*": "ministers of/servants of/attendants of" } }
  • Joel 2:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Joel.2.14", "source": "מִ֥י יוֹדֵ֖עַ יָשׁ֣וּב וְנִחָ֑ם וְהִשְׁאִ֤יר אַֽחֲרָיו֙ בְּרָכָ֔ה מִנְחָ֣ה וָנֶ֔סֶךְ לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ פ", "text": "Who *yôdēaʿ* *yāshûb* and-*niḥām* and-*hishʾîr* *ʾaḥărāyw* *berākhâ* *minḥâ* and-*nesekh* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkhem*.", "grammar": { "*yôdēaʿ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - knowing", "*yāshûb*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will return/turn", "*niḥām*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will relent/repent", "*hishʾîr*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will leave", "*ʾaḥărāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - behind him/after him", "*berākhâ*": "feminine singular noun - blessing", "*minḥâ*": "feminine singular noun - grain offering", "*nesekh*": "masculine singular noun - drink offering", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkhem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*yôdēaʿ*": "knowing/who knows", "*yāshûb*": "he will return/turn/repent", "*niḥām*": "he will relent/repent/have compassion", "*hishʾîr*": "he will leave/leave behind/leave over", "*berākhâ*": "blessing/gift", "*minḥâ*": "grain offering/tribute/gift", "*nesekh*": "drink offering/libation" } }
  • 1 Chr 10:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.10.1", "source": "וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים נִלְחֲמ֣וּ בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיָּ֤נָס אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיִּפְּל֥וּ חֲלָלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר גִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃", "text": "And *pəlištîm* *nilḥămû* in-*yiśrāʾēl*, *wayyānās* *ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* from-*pənê* *pəlištîm*, *wayyippəlû* *ḥălālîm* in-*har* *gilbōaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*nilḥămû*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they fought", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyānās*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he fled", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of/men of (collective usage)", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of/presence of", "*wayyippəlû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they fell", "*ḥălālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - slain ones/fatally wounded", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*gilbōaʿ*": "proper noun - Gilboa" }, "variants": { "*pəlištîm*": "Philistines", "*nilḥămû*": "fought/battled/waged war", "*wayyānās*": "and fled/ran away/retreated", "*ʾîš-yiśrāʾēl*": "men of Israel/Israelite forces/Israelites (collective)", "*pənê*": "face of/before/from the presence of", "*wayyippəlû*": "and they fell/were struck down", "*ḥălālîm*": "slain ones/wounded/dead bodies", "*har gilbōaʿ*": "Mount Gilboa" } }
  • 1 Chr 10:8 : 8 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.10.8", "source": "וַיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְפַשֵּׁ֖ט אֶת־הֽ͏ַחֲלָלִ֑ים וַֽיִּמְצְא֤וּ אֶת־שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶת־בָּנָ֔יו נֹפְלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר גִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* on-*mimmāḥŏrāt* and *wayyābōʾû* *pəlištîm* to-*ləpaššēṭ* *ʾet*-*haḥălālîm*, and *wayyimṣəʾû* *ʾet*-*šāʾûl* and *ʾet*-*bānāyw* *nōpəlîm* on-*har* *gilbōaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it happened", "*mimmāḥŏrāt*": "noun, feminine singular with preposition - on the next day", "*wayyābōʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they came", "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*ləpaššēṭ*": "verb, Piel infinitive construct with preposition - to strip", "*haḥălālîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the slain", "*wayyimṣəʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they found", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*nōpəlîm*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine plural - fallen", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*gilbōaʿ*": "proper noun - Gilboa" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it happened/came to pass", "*mimmāḥŏrāt*": "on the next day/the following day", "*ləpaššēṭ*": "to strip/plunder/loot", "*haḥălālîm*": "the slain/the dead bodies/the fallen", "*nōpəlîm*": "fallen/lying dead", "*har gilbōaʿ*": "Mount Gilboa" } }
  • Job 3:3-9 : 3 { "verseID": "Job.3.3", "source": "יֹ֣אבַד י֭וֹם אִוָּ֣לֶד בּ֑וֹ וְהַלַּ֥יְלָה אָ֝מַ֗ר הֹ֣רָה גָֽבֶר׃", "text": "*yōʾbad yôm ʾiwwāled bô wə-hallaylâ ʾāmar hōrâ gāber*", "grammar": { "*yōʾbad*": "verb, Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let perish", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*ʾiwwāled*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 1st common singular - I was born", "*bô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in it", "*wə-hallaylâ*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and the night", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*hōrâ*": "verb, Pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was conceived", "*gāber*": "noun, masculine singular - man/male" }, "variants": { "*yōʾbad*": "let perish/be destroyed/be lost", "*ʾiwwāled*": "I was born/was brought forth", "*hōrâ*": "was conceived/brought into existence", "*gāber*": "man/male/strong one" } } 4 { "verseID": "Job.3.4", "source": "הַיּ֥וֹם הַה֗וּא יְֽהִ֫י חֹ֥שֶׁךְ אַֽל־יִדְרְשֵׁ֣הוּ אֱל֣וֹהַּ מִמָּ֑עַל וְאַל־תּוֹפַ֖ע עָלָ֣יו נְהָרָֽה׃", "text": "*hayyôm hahûʾ yəhî ḥōšek ʾal-yidrəšēhû ʾĕlôah mimmāʿal wə-ʾal-tôpaʿ ʿālāyw nəhārâ*", "grammar": { "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*hahûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*yəhî*": "verb, Qal jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let it be", "*ḥōšek*": "noun, masculine singular - darkness", "*ʾal-yidrəšēhû*": "negative particle + verb, Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - let not seek it", "*ʾĕlôah*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*mimmāʿal*": "preposition + noun - from above", "*wə-ʾal-tôpaʿ*": "conjunction + negative particle + verb, Hiphil jussive, 3rd feminine singular - and let not shine", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon it", "*nəhārâ*": "noun, feminine singular - light" }, "variants": { "*yidrəšēhû*": "seek it/care for it/inquire after it", "*ʾĕlôah*": "God/deity", "*mimmāʿal*": "from above/from on high", "*tôpaʿ*": "shine/beam/appear", "*nəhārâ*": "light/daylight/brightness" } } 5 { "verseID": "Job.3.5", "source": "יִגְאָלֻ֡הוּ חֹ֣שֶׁךְ וְ֭צַלְמָוֶת תִּשְׁכָּן־עָלָ֣יו עֲנָנָ֑ה יְ֝בַעֲתֻ֗הוּ כִּֽמְרִ֥ירֵי יֽוֹם׃", "text": "*yigʾālûhû ḥōšek wə-ṣalmāwet tiškān-ʿālāyw ʿănānâ yəbaʿătûhû kimrîrê yôm*", "grammar": { "*yigʾālûhû*": "verb, Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - let them claim it", "*ḥōšek*": "noun, masculine singular - darkness", "*wə-ṣalmāwet*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and deep darkness/shadow of death", "*tiškān*": "verb, Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd feminine singular - let dwell", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon it", "*ʿănānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - cloud", "*yəbaʿătûhû*": "verb, Piel imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - let them terrify it", "*kimrîrê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - like the blacknesses of", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day" }, "variants": { "*yigʾālûhû*": "claim it/redeem it/defile it", "*ṣalmāwet*": "deep darkness/shadow of death", "*tiškān*": "dwell/rest/settle", "*ʿănānâ*": "cloud/dark cloud", "*yəbaʿătûhû*": "terrify it/frighten it", "*kimrîrê*": "blacknesses/darknesses/eclipses" } } 6 { "verseID": "Job.3.6", "source": "הַלַּ֥יְלָה הַהוּא֮ יִקָּחֵ֢ה֫וּ אֹ֥פֶל אַל־יִ֭חַדְּ בִּימֵ֣י שָׁנָ֑ה בְּמִסְפַּ֥ר יְ֝רָחִ֗ים אַל־יָבֹֽא׃", "text": "*hallaylâ hahûʾ yiqqāḥēhû ʾōpel ʾal-yiḥadd bîmê šānâ bəmispar yərāḥîm ʾal-yābōʾ*", "grammar": { "*hallaylâ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the night", "*hahûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*yiqqāḥēhû*": "verb, Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - let it take it", "*ʾōpel*": "noun, masculine singular - deep darkness", "*ʾal-yiḥadd*": "negative particle + verb, Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let it not rejoice", "*bîmê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in the days of", "*šānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - year", "*bəmispar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the number of", "*yərāḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - months", "*ʾal-yābōʾ*": "negative particle + verb, Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let it not come" }, "variants": { "*yiqqāḥēhû*": "take it/seize it/carry it away", "*ʾōpel*": "deep darkness/gloom", "*yiḥadd*": "rejoice/be united with/be joined to", "*yərāḥîm*": "months/moons", "*yābōʾ*": "come/enter/arrive" } } 7 { "verseID": "Job.3.7", "source": "הִנֵּ֤ה הַלַּ֣יְלָה הַ֭הוּא יְהִ֣י גַלְמ֑וּד אַל־תָּבֹ֖א רְנָנָ֣ה בֽוֹ׃", "text": "*hinnēh hallaylâ hahûʾ yəhî galmûd ʾal-tābōʾ rənānâ bô*", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold", "*hallaylâ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the night", "*hahûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*yəhî*": "verb, Qal jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let it be", "*galmûd*": "adjective, masculine singular - barren/desolate", "*ʾal-tābōʾ*": "negative particle + verb, Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd feminine singular - let not enter", "*rənānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - joyful cry", "*bô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in it" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*yəhî*": "let it be/may it become", "*galmûd*": "barren/desolate/sterile/solitary", "*tābōʾ*": "enter/come/arrive", "*rənānâ*": "joyful cry/shout of joy/singing" } } 8 { "verseID": "Job.3.8", "source": "יִקְּבֻ֥הוּ אֹרְרֵי־י֑וֹם הָ֝עֲתִידִ֗ים עֹרֵ֥ר לִוְיָתָֽן׃", "text": "*yiqqəbûhû ʾōrərê-yôm hāʿătîdîm ʿōrēr liwyātān*", "grammar": { "*yiqqəbûhû*": "verb, Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - let them curse it", "*ʾōrərê-yôm*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine plural construct + noun, masculine singular - cursers of day", "*hāʿătîdîm*": "definite article + verb, Piel participle, masculine plural - the ones skilled", "*ʿōrēr*": "verb, Polel infinitive construct - to rouse", "*liwyātān*": "noun, masculine singular - Leviathan" }, "variants": { "*yiqqəbûhû*": "curse it/abhor it/denounce it", "*ʾōrərê*": "cursers/those who execrate", "*hāʿătîdîm*": "those who are skilled/ready/prepared", "*ʿōrēr*": "to rouse/to awaken/to stir up", "*liwyātān*": "Leviathan/sea monster/dragon" } } 9 { "verseID": "Job.3.9", "source": "יֶחְשְׁכוּ֮ כּוֹכְבֵ֢י נִ֫שְׁפּ֥וֹ יְקַו־לְא֥וֹר וָאַ֑יִן וְאַל־יִ֝רְאֶ֗ה בְּעַפְעַפֵּי־שָֽׁחַר׃", "text": "*yeḥšəkû kôkəbê nišpô yəqaw-ləʾôr wāʾāyin wəʾal-yirʾeh bəʿapʿappê-šāḥar*", "grammar": { "*yeḥšəkû*": "verb, Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine plural - let them grow dark", "*kôkəbê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - stars of", "*nišpô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its twilight", "*yəqaw-ləʾôr*": "verb, Piel imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular + preposition + noun - let it wait for light", "*wāʾāyin*": "conjunction + particle of negation - but there is none", "*wəʾal-yirʾeh*": "conjunction + negative particle + verb, Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - and let it not see", "*bəʿapʿappê-šāḥar*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct + noun - in the eyelids of dawn" }, "variants": { "*yeḥšəkû*": "grow dark/be darkened/become black", "*kôkəbê*": "stars of/constellations of", "*nišpô*": "its twilight/its dusk", "*yəqaw*": "wait for/hope for/look for", "*wāʾāyin*": "but there is none/but it is not", "*yirʾeh*": "see/look upon/perceive", "*ʿapʿappê-šāḥar*": "eyelids of dawn/rays of morning" } } 10 { "verseID": "Job.3.10", "source": "כִּ֤י לֹ֣א סָ֭גַר דַּלְתֵ֣י בִטְנִ֑י וַיַּסְתֵּ֥ר עָ֝מָ֗ל מֵעֵינָֽי׃", "text": "*kî lōʾ sāgar daltê biṭnî wayyastēr ʿāmāl mēʿênāy*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*sāgar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it shut up", "*daltê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - doors of", "*biṭnî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my womb", "*wayyastēr*": "conjunction + verb, Hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and hide", "*ʿāmāl*": "noun, masculine singular - trouble", "*mēʿênāy*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual with 1st common singular suffix - from my eyes" }, "variants": { "*sāgar*": "shut up/closed/bolted", "*daltê*": "doors/gates", "*biṭnî*": "my womb/my belly/my body", "*wayyastēr*": "and hide/and conceal", "*ʿāmāl*": "trouble/misery/toil/sorrow" } }
  • Isa 5:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.6", "source": "וַאֲשִׁיתֵ֣הוּ בָתָ֗ה לֹ֤א יִזָּמֵר֙ וְלֹ֣א יֵעָדֵ֔ר וְעָלָ֥ה שָׁמִ֖יר וָשָׁ֑יִת וְעַ֤ל הֶעָבִים֙ אֲצַוֶּ֔ה מֵהַמְטִ֥יר עָלָ֖יו מָטָֽר׃", "text": "And I will *waʾăšîtēhû* *bātâ*, it shall not *yizzāmēr* and shall not *yēʿādēr*, and *wəʿālâ* *šāmîr* and *wāšāyit*; and upon the *heʿābîm* I will *ʾăṣawweh* from *mēhamṭîr* upon it *māṭār*.", "grammar": { "*waʾăšîtēhû*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with vav consecutive and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I will make it", "*bātâ*": "feminine singular noun - waste/desolation", "*yizzāmēr*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be pruned", "*yēʿādēr*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be hoed/tilled", "*wəʿālâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and will come up", "*šāmîr*": "masculine singular noun - thorns/briars", "*wāšāyit*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun - and thistles/weeds", "*heʿābîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the clouds", "*ʾăṣawweh*": "piel imperfect 1st person singular - I will command", "*mēhamṭîr*": "hiphil infinitive construct with preposition - from raining", "*māṭār*": "masculine singular noun - rain" }, "variants": { "*bātâ*": "waste/desolation/ruin", "*šāmîr*": "thorns/briars/brambles", "*šāyit*": "thistles/weeds/thorny plants" } }

Similar Verses (AI)

These verses are found using AI-powered semantic similarity based on meaning and context. Results may occasionally include unexpected connections.

  • 80%

    22{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.22", "source": "מִדַּ֣ם חֲלָלִ֗ים מֵחֵ֙לֶב֙ גִּבּוֹרִ֔ים קֶ֚שֶׁת יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן לֹ֥א נָשׂ֖וֹג אָח֑וֹר וְחֶ֣רֶב שָׁא֔וּל לֹ֥א תָשׁ֖וּב רֵיקָֽם׃", "text": "From *dam* *ḥălālîm*, from *ḥēleb* *gibbôrîm*, *qešet* *yəhônātān* not *nāśôg* *ʾāḥôr*, and *ḥereb* *šāʾûl* not *tāšûb* *rêqām*.", "grammar": { "*dam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - blood of", "*ḥălālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - slain", "*ḥēleb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fat of", "*gibbôrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mighty ones/warriors", "*qešet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - bow of", "*yəhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*nāśôg*": "niphal infinitive absolute - turning back", "*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - backward", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular construct - sword of", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*tāšûb*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it returns", "*rêqām*": "adverb - empty" }, "variants": { "*middam ḥălālîm*": "from the blood of the slain/from blood of fatally wounded", "*mēḥēleb gibbôrîm*": "from the fat of warriors/from the fat of mighty men", "*qešet yəhônātān lōʾ nāśôg ʾāḥôr*": "the bow of Jonathan did not turn back/Jonathan's bow never retreated", "*ḥereb šāʾûl lōʾ tāšûb rêqām*": "the sword of Saul did not return empty/Saul's sword never returned without effect" } }

    23{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.23", "source": "שָׁא֣וּל וִיהוֹנָתָ֗ן הַנֶּאֱהָבִ֤ים וְהַנְּעִימִם֙ בְּחַיֵּיהֶ֔ם וּבְמוֹתָ֖ם לֹ֣א נִפְרָ֑דוּ מִנְּשָׁרִ֣ים קַ֔לּוּ מֵאֲרָי֖וֹת גָּבֵֽרוּ׃", "text": "*šāʾûl* and *yəhônātān* the *neʾĕhābîm* and the *nəʿîmim* in *ḥayyêhem* and in *môtām* not *niprādû*. From *nəšārîm* *qallû*, from *ʾărāyôt* *gābērû*.", "grammar": { "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*yəhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*neʾĕhābîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the beloved", "*nəʿîmim*": "niphal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the pleasant/lovely", "*ḥayyêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their lives", "*môtām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their death", "*niprādû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they were separated", "*nəšārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - eagles", "*qallû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they were swift", "*ʾărāyôt*": "noun, masculine plural - lions", "*gābērû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they were strong" }, "variants": { "*hanneʾĕhābîm wəhannəʿîmim*": "the beloved and the pleasant/lovely and gracious", "*bəḥayyêhem ûbəmôtām lōʾ niprādû*": "in their life and in their death they were not divided/they were not separated in life or death", "*minnəšārîm qallû*": "swifter than eagles/they were faster than eagles", "*mēʾărāyôt gābērû*": "stronger than lions/they were mightier than lions" } }

    24{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.24", "source": "בְּנוֹת֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶל־שָׁא֖וּל בְּכֶ֑ינָה הַמַּלְבִּֽשְׁכֶ֤ם שָׁנִי֙ עִם־עֲדָנִ֔ים הַֽמַּעֲלֶה֙ עֲדִ֣י זָהָ֔ב עַ֖ל לְבוּשְׁכֶֽן׃", "text": "*bənôt* *yiśrāʾēl*, for *šāʾûl* *bəkênâ*, the *malbîškem* *šānî* with *ʿădānîm*, the *maʿăleh* *ʿădî* *zāhāb* on *ləbûšken*.", "grammar": { "*bənôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - daughters of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bəkênâ*": "imperative, feminine plural - weep", "*malbîškem*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular with 2nd masculine plural suffix - the one clothing you", "*šānî*": "noun, masculine singular - scarlet", "*ʿădānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - luxuries/delights", "*maʿăleh*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one putting", "*ʿădî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ornament of", "*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine singular - gold", "*ləbûšken*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine plural suffix - your clothing" }, "variants": { "*bənôt yiśrāʾēl ʾel-šāʾûl bəkênâ*": "daughters of Israel, weep for Saul", "*hammalbîškem šānî ʿim-ʿădānîm*": "who clothed you in scarlet with luxuries/who dressed you in crimson with fine things", "*hammaʿăleh ʿădî zāhāb ʿal ləbûšken*": "who put ornaments of gold on your apparel/who decorated your garments with gold" } }

    25{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.25", "source": "אֵ֚יךְ נָפְל֣וּ גִבֹּרִ֔ים בְּת֖וֹךְ הַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן עַל־בָּמוֹתֶ֖יךָ חָלָֽל׃", "text": "*ʾêk* *nāplû* *gibbōrîm* in *tôk* the *milḥāmâ*! *yəhônātān* on your *bāmôtêkā* *ḥālāl*!", "grammar": { "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*nāplû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they fell", "*gibbōrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mighty warriors", "*tôk*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the battle", "*yəhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*bāmôtêkā*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heights", "*ḥālāl*": "noun, masculine singular - slain" }, "variants": { "*ʾêk nāplû gibbōrîm*": "how the mighty have fallen!", "*bətôk hammilḥāmâ*": "in the midst of battle/in the thick of battle", "*ʿal-bāmôtêkā ḥālāl*": "slain on your heights/fallen on your high places" } }

  • 76%

    19{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.19", "source": "הַצְּבִי֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַל־בָּמוֹתֶ֖יךָ חָלָ֑ל אֵ֖יךְ נָפְל֥וּ גִבּוֹרִֽים׃", "text": "The *ṣəbî* *yiśrāʾēl* on your *bāmôtêkā* *ḥālāl*. *ʾêk* *nāplû* *gibbôrîm*.", "grammar": { "*ṣəbî*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the glory/gazelle/beauty", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*bāmôtêkā*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heights", "*ḥālāl*": "noun, masculine singular - slain", "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*nāplû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they fell", "*gibbôrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mighty men/warriors" }, "variants": { "*haṣṣəbî yiśrāʾēl*": "the glory of Israel/the beauty of Israel/O gazelle of Israel", "*bāmôtêkā*": "your high places/your heights/your mountains", "*ḥālāl*": "slain/killed/fallen", "*ʾêk nāplû gibbôrîm*": "how the mighty have fallen!" } }

    20{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.20", "source": "אַל־תַּגִּ֣ידוּ בְגַ֔ת אַֽל־תְּבַשְּׂר֖וּ בְּחוּצֹ֣ת אַשְׁקְל֑וֹן פֶּן־תִּשְׂמַ֙חְנָה֙ בְּנ֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פֶּֽן־תַּעֲלֹ֖זְנָה בְּנ֥וֹת הָעֲרֵלִֽים׃", "text": "Not *taggîdû* in *gat*, not *təbaśśərû* in *ḥûṣôt* *ʾašqəlôn*, lest *tiśmaḥnâ* *bənôt* *pəlištîm*, lest *taʿălōznâ* *bənôt* the *ʿărēlîm*.", "grammar": { "*taggîdû*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you tell", "*gat*": "proper noun - Gath", "*təbaśśərû*": "piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you proclaim/tell news", "*ḥûṣôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - streets of", "*ʾašqəlôn*": "proper noun - Ashkelon", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest/otherwise", "*tiśmaḥnâ*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they rejoice", "*bənôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - daughters of", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*taʿălōznâ*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they exult", "*ʿărēlîm*": "adjective, masculine plural with definite article - the uncircumcised" }, "variants": { "*ʾal-taggîdû*": "tell it not/don't tell", "*ʾal-təbaśśərû*": "proclaim it not/don't announce", "*ḥûṣôt*": "streets/markets/public spaces", "*pen-tiśmaḥnâ*": "lest they rejoice/so they won't rejoice", "*bənôt pəlištîm*": "daughters of the Philistines/Philistine women", "*pen-taʿălōznâ*": "lest they exult/so they won't triumph", "*bənôt hāʿărēlîm*": "daughters of the uncircumcised/women of the uncircumcised" } }

  • 1 Sam 31:1-2
    2 verses
    75%

    1{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.31.1", "source": "וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים נִלְחָמִ֣ים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיָּנֻ֜סוּ אַנְשֵׁ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיִּפְּל֥וּ חֲלָלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר הַגִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃", "text": "And *pəlištîm* were *nilḥāmîm* against *yiśrāʾēl*, and *wayyānusu* the men of *yiśrāʾēl* from before *pəlištîm*, and *wayyippəlû* *ḥălālîm* in *har haggilbōaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*nilḥāmîm*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine plural - fighting/warring", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyānusu*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they fled", "*wayyippəlû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they fell", "*ḥălālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - slain/fallen/pierced", "*har haggilbōaʿ*": "proper noun phrase - Mount Gilboa" }, "variants": { "*nilḥāmîm*": "fighting/battling/waging war", "*ḥălālîm*": "slain ones/pierced ones/fallen ones" } }

    2{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.31.2", "source": "וַיַּדְבְּק֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אֶת־שָׁא֖וּל וְאֶת־בָּנָ֑יו וַיַּכּ֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים אֶת־יְהוֹנָתָ֧ן וְאֶת־אֲבִינָדָ֛ב וְאֶת־מַלְכִּי־שׁ֖וּעַ בְּנֵ֥י שָׁאֽוּל׃", "text": "And *wayyadbəqû* *pəlištîm* *ʾet-šāʾûl* and *ʾet* his sons; and *wayyakkû* *pəlištîm* *ʾet-yəhônātān* and *ʾet-ʾăbînādāb* and *ʾet-malkî-šûaʿ*, sons of *šāʾûl*.", "grammar": { "*wayyadbəqû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they overtook/pursued", "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*wayyakkû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they struck/killed", "*yəhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*ʾăbînādāb*": "proper noun - Abinadab", "*malkî-šûaʿ*": "proper noun - Malki-Shua" }, "variants": { "*wayyadbəqû*": "overtook/pursued closely/caught up with", "*wayyakkû*": "struck/killed/slew" } }

  • 1 Chr 10:7-9
    3 verses
    75%

    7{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.10.7", "source": "וַ֠יִּרְאוּ כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל אֲשֶׁר־בָּעֵ֙מֶק֙ כִּ֣י נָ֔סוּ וְכִי־מֵ֖תוּ שָׁא֣וּל וּבָנָ֑יו וַיַּעַזְב֤וּ עָרֵיהֶם֙ וַיָּנֻ֔סוּ וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיֵּשְׁב֖וּ בָּהֶֽם׃ ס", "text": "And *wayyirʾû* all-*ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl* who-in-*bāʿēmeq* that *nāsû* and that-*mētû* *šāʾûl* and *bānāyw*, and *wayyaʿazbû* *ʿārêhem* and *wayyānusû*, and *wayyābōʾû* *pəlištîm* and *wayyēšbû* in-them.", "grammar": { "*wayyirʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they saw", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of (collective)", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*bāʿēmeq*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article and preposition - in the valley", "*nāsû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they fled", "*mētû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they died", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*wayyaʿazbû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they abandoned", "*ʿārêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their cities", "*wayyānusû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they fled", "*wayyābōʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they came", "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*wayyēšbû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they dwelt" }, "variants": { "*kāl-ʾîš yiśrāʾēl*": "all the men of Israel/all Israelites", "*bāʿēmeq*": "in the valley/in the plain", "*nāsû*": "had fled/escaped", "*mētû*": "had died/were dead", "*wayyaʿazbû*": "and they abandoned/forsook/left", "*ʿārêhem*": "their cities/towns", "*wayyānusû*": "and they fled/ran away", "*wayyābōʾû*": "and they came/entered", "*wayyēšbû*": "and they dwelt/settled/lived" } }

    8{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.10.8", "source": "וַיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְפַשֵּׁ֖ט אֶת־הֽ͏ַחֲלָלִ֑ים וַֽיִּמְצְא֤וּ אֶת־שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶת־בָּנָ֔יו נֹפְלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר גִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* on-*mimmāḥŏrāt* and *wayyābōʾû* *pəlištîm* to-*ləpaššēṭ* *ʾet*-*haḥălālîm*, and *wayyimṣəʾû* *ʾet*-*šāʾûl* and *ʾet*-*bānāyw* *nōpəlîm* on-*har* *gilbōaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it happened", "*mimmāḥŏrāt*": "noun, feminine singular with preposition - on the next day", "*wayyābōʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they came", "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*ləpaššēṭ*": "verb, Piel infinitive construct with preposition - to strip", "*haḥălālîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the slain", "*wayyimṣəʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they found", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*nōpəlîm*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine plural - fallen", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*gilbōaʿ*": "proper noun - Gilboa" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it happened/came to pass", "*mimmāḥŏrāt*": "on the next day/the following day", "*ləpaššēṭ*": "to strip/plunder/loot", "*haḥălālîm*": "the slain/the dead bodies/the fallen", "*nōpəlîm*": "fallen/lying dead", "*har gilbōaʿ*": "Mount Gilboa" } }

    9{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.10.9", "source": "וַיַּ֨פְשִׁיטֻ֔הוּ וַיִּשְׂא֥וּ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֖וֹ וְאֶת־כֵּלָ֑יו וַיְשַׁלְּח֨וּ בְאֶֽרֶץ־פְלִשְׁתִּ֜ים סָבִ֗יב לְבַשֵּׂ֛ר אֶת־עֲצַבֵּיהֶ֖ם וְאֶת־הָעָֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyapšîṭuhû* and *wayyiśʾû* *ʾet*-*rōʾšô* and *ʾet*-*kēlāyw*, and *wayəšalləḥû* in-*ʾereṣ*-*pəlištîm* *sābîb* to-*ləbaśśēr* *ʾet*-*ʿăṣabbêhem* and *ʾet*-*hāʿām*.", "grammar": { "*wayyapšîṭuhû*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they stripped him", "*wayyiśʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they took/carried", "*rōʾšô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his head", "*kēlāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his weapons/armor", "*wayəšalləḥû*": "verb, Piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they sent", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around", "*ləbaśśēr*": "verb, Piel infinitive construct with preposition - to bring news", "*ʿăṣabbêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their idols", "*hāʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people" }, "variants": { "*wayyapšîṭuhû*": "and they stripped him/removed his armor", "*wayyiśʾû*": "and they took/carried/lifted", "*kēlāyw*": "his weapons/armor/equipment", "*wayəšalləḥû*": "and they sent/dispatched messengers", "*ʾereṣ-pəlištîm*": "land of the Philistines/Philistia", "*sābîb*": "around/all around/in every direction", "*ləbaśśēr*": "to bring good news/to proclaim/to announce", "*ʿăṣabbêhem*": "their idols/false gods", "*hāʿām*": "the people/common people/populace" } }

  • 1{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.10.1", "source": "וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים נִלְחֲמ֣וּ בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיָּ֤נָס אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיִּפְּל֥וּ חֲלָלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר גִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃", "text": "And *pəlištîm* *nilḥămû* in-*yiśrāʾēl*, *wayyānās* *ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* from-*pənê* *pəlištîm*, *wayyippəlû* *ḥălālîm* in-*har* *gilbōaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*nilḥămû*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they fought", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyānās*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he fled", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of/men of (collective usage)", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of/presence of", "*wayyippəlû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they fell", "*ḥălālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - slain ones/fatally wounded", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*gilbōaʿ*": "proper noun - Gilboa" }, "variants": { "*pəlištîm*": "Philistines", "*nilḥămû*": "fought/battled/waged war", "*wayyānās*": "and fled/ran away/retreated", "*ʾîš-yiśrāʾēl*": "men of Israel/Israelite forces/Israelites (collective)", "*pənê*": "face of/before/from the presence of", "*wayyippəlû*": "and they fell/were struck down", "*ḥălālîm*": "slain ones/wounded/dead bodies", "*har gilbōaʿ*": "Mount Gilboa" } }

  • 1 Sam 31:7-9
    3 verses
    74%

    7{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.31.7", "source": "וַיִּרְא֣וּ אַנְשֵֽׁי־יִ֠שְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר־בְּעֵ֨בֶר הָעֵ֜מֶק וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן כִּֽי־נָ֙סוּ֙ אַנְשֵׁ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְכִי־מֵ֖תוּ שָׁא֣וּל וּבָנָ֑יו וַיַּעַזְב֤וּ אֶת־הֶֽעָרִים֙ וַיָּנֻ֔סוּ וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיֵּֽשְׁב֖וּ בָּהֶֽן׃", "text": "And *wayyirʾû* *ʾanšê-yiśrāʾēl* who were *ʾăšer-bəʿēber hāʿēmeq* and who were *ʾăšer bəʿēber hayyardēn* that *kî-nāsû* *ʾanšê yiśrāʾēl* and that *wəḵî-mētû* *šāʾûl* and his sons, and *wayyaʿazbû* *ʾet-heʿārîm* and *wayyānusû*, and *wayyābōʾû* *pəlištîm* and *wayyēšəbû* in them.", "grammar": { "*wayyirʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they saw", "*ʾanšê-yiśrāʾēl*": "noun, masculine plural construct + proper noun - men of Israel", "*ʾăšer-bəʿēber hāʿēmeq*": "relative pronoun + preposition + noun with definite article - who were across the valley", "*ʾăšer bəʿēber hayyardēn*": "relative pronoun + preposition + proper noun with definite article - who were across the Jordan", "*kî-nāsû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - that they fled", "*wəḵî-mētû*": "conjunction + conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and that they died", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*wayyaʿazbû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they abandoned", "*ʾet-heʿārîm*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural with definite article - the cities", "*wayyānusû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they fled", "*wayyābōʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they came", "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*wayyēšəbû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they settled/dwelt" }, "variants": { "*ʾanšê-yiśrāʾēl*": "men of Israel/Israelites/Israelite men", "*bəʿēber*": "across/on the other side of/beyond", "*hāʿēmeq*": "the valley/the plain", "*hayyardēn*": "the Jordan [River]", "*wayyaʿazbû*": "abandoned/forsook/left", "*wayyēšəbû*": "dwelt/settled/lived" } }

    8{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.31.8", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְפַשֵּׁ֖ט אֶת־הַחֲלָלִ֑ים וֽ͏ַיִּמְצְא֤וּ אֶת־שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶת־שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת בָּנָ֔יו נֹפְלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר הַגִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* *mimmāḥŏrāt*, and *wayyābōʾû* *pəlištîm* to *ləpaššēṭ* *ʾet-haḥălālîm*, and *wayyimṣəʾû* *ʾet-šāʾûl* and *ʾet* his three *bānāyw* *nōp̄əlîm* on *har haggilbōaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it happened", "*mimmāḥŏrāt*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - on the next day", "*wayyābōʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they came", "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*ləpaššēṭ*": "preposition + verb, piel infinitive construct - to strip", "*ʾet-haḥălālîm*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural with definite article - the slain", "*wayyimṣəʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they found", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*nōp̄əlîm*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural - fallen", "*har haggilbōaʿ*": "proper noun phrase - Mount Gilboa" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it was/and it came to pass/and it happened", "*mimmāḥŏrāt*": "on the next day/the day after", "*ləpaššēṭ*": "to strip/to plunder/to despoil", "*haḥălālîm*": "the slain/the fallen/the dead bodies", "*nōp̄əlîm*": "fallen/lying dead" } }

    9{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.31.9", "source": "וַֽיִּכְרְתוּ֙ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ וַיַּפְשִׁ֖יטוּ אֶת־כֵּלָ֑יו וַיְשַׁלְּח֨וּ בְאֶֽרֶץ־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים סָבִ֗יב לְבַשֵּׂ֛ר בֵּ֥ית עֲצַבֵּיהֶ֖ם וְאֶת־הָעָֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyiḵrətû* *ʾet-rōʾšô* and *wayyap̄šîṭû* *ʾet-kēlāyw*, and *wayəšalləḥû* in *ʾereṣ-pəlištîm* *sābîb* to *ləbaśśēr* *bêt ʿăṣabbêhem* and *ʾet-hāʿām*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiḵrətû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they cut off", "*ʾet-rōʾšô*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his head", "*wayyap̄šîṭû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they stripped", "*ʾet-kēlāyw*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his weapons/armor", "*wayəšalləḥû*": "verb, piel imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they sent", "*ʾereṣ-pəlištîm*": "noun, feminine singular construct + proper noun - land of Philistines", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around", "*ləbaśśēr*": "preposition + verb, piel infinitive construct - to proclaim/announce good news", "*bêt ʿăṣabbêhem*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - house of their idols", "*ʾet-hāʿām*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people" }, "variants": { "*wayyiḵrətû*": "cut off/severed/beheaded", "*kēlāyw*": "his weapons/his armor/his equipment", "*wayəšalləḥû*": "sent/dispatched/had messengers go", "*sābîb*": "around/all around/in every direction", "*ləbaśśēr*": "to announce/to proclaim/to bring news", "*ʿăṣabbêhem*": "their idols/their images/their gods" } }

  • 72%

    16{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ דָּוִ֔ד *דמיך **דָּמְךָ֖ עַל־רֹאשֶׁ֑ךָ כִּ֣י פִ֗יךָ עָנָ֤ה בְךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אָנֹכִ֥י מֹתַ֖תִּי אֶת־מְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָֽה׃ ס", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to him *dāwid*, '*dāmkā* on *rōʾšekā*, for *pîkā* *ʿānâ* against you saying, *ʾānōkî* *mōtattî ʾet-məšîaḥ* *YHWH*.'", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*dāmkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your blood", "*rōʾšekā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your head", "*pîkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your mouth", "*ʿānâ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it testified/answered", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*mōtattî*": "polel perfect, 1st person singular - I killed", "*məšîaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - anointed of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*dāmkā ʿal-rōʾšekā*": "your blood [be] on your head/your blood-guilt [is] on your own head", "*pîkā ʿānâ bəkā*": "your mouth has testified against you/your own words condemn you", "*mōtattî*": "I killed/I put to death", "*məšîaḥ YHWH*": "the LORD's anointed/YHWH's anointed one" } }

    17{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.17", "source": "וַיְקֹנֵ֣ן דָּוִ֔ד אֶת־הַקִּינָ֖ה הַזֹּ֑את עַל־שָׁא֖וּל וְעַל־יְהוֹנָתָ֥ן בְּנֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayəqōnēn* *dāwid* *ʾet*-the *qînâ* the this for *šāʾûl* and for *yəhônātān* his son.", "grammar": { "*wayəqōnēn*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular polel - and he lamented", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*qînâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the dirge/lament", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*yəhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan" }, "variants": { "*wayəqōnēn*": "he chanted a dirge/he lamented/he sang a funeral song", "*qînâ*": "dirge/lament/funeral song", "*haqqînâ hazzōʾt*": "this lament/this dirge" } }

  • 27{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.27", "source": "אֵ֚יךְ נָפְל֣וּ גִבּוֹרִ֔ים וַיֹּאבְד֖וּ כְּלֵ֥י מִלְחָמָֽה׃ פ", "text": "*ʾêk* *nāplû* *gibbôrîm* and *wayyōʾbdû* *kəlê* *milḥāmâ*!", "grammar": { "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*nāplû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they fell", "*gibbôrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mighty warriors", "*wayyōʾbdû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd common plural - and they perished", "*kəlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - weapons of", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle" }, "variants": { "*ʾêk nāplû gibbôrîm*": "how the mighty have fallen!", "*wayyōʾbdû kəlê milḥāmâ*": "and the weapons of war perished/and the instruments of battle are destroyed", "*kəlê milḥāmâ*": "weapons of war/instruments of battle" } }

  • 20{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.26.20", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה אַל־יִפֹּ֤ל דָּֽמִי֙ אַ֔רְצָה מִנֶּ֖גֶד פְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כִּֽי־יָצָ֞א מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לְבַקֵּשׁ֙ אֶת־פַּרְעֹ֣שׁ אֶחָ֔ד כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר יִרְדֹּ֥ף הַקֹּרֵ֖א בֶּהָרִֽים׃", "text": "And now, *ʾal*-*yippōl* my *dāmî* *ʾarṣâ* from *minnegeḏ* *pәnê* *YHWH*, for *yāṣāʾ* *meleḵ* *yiśrāʾēl* to *lәḇaqqēš* *ʾeṯ*-*parʿōš* *ʾeḥāḏ*, as *yirdōp̄* the *qōrēʾ* in the *hehārîm*.", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "Negative particle for jussive - do not let", "*yippōl*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let fall", "*dāmî*": "Noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my blood", "*ʾarṣâ*": "Noun, feminine singular with directional he - to the ground", "*minnegeḏ*": "Preposition - from before", "*pәnê*": "Noun construct, masculine plural - face of", "*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*yāṣāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - has come out", "*meleḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Israel", "*lәḇaqqēš*": "Piel infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - to seek", "*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker", "*parʿōš*": "Noun, masculine singular - flea", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "Numeral, masculine singular - one", "*yirdōp̄*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - pursues", "*qōrēʾ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one hunting/partridge", "*hehārîm*": "Noun, masculine plural with definite article - the mountains" }, "variants": { "*ʾal*": "do not let/may not", "*yippōl*": "let fall/be spilled", "*dāmî*": "my blood/my lifeblood", "*ʾarṣâ*": "to the ground/to the earth", "*minnegeḏ*": "from before/away from", "*pәnê*": "face of/presence of", "*yāṣāʾ*": "has come out/has gone out/has marched out", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler", "*lәḇaqqēš*": "to seek/to search for/to hunt", "*parʿōš*": "flea/insignificant creature", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "one/single", "*yirdōp̄*": "pursues/chases/hunts", "*qōrēʾ*": "partridge/hunter/one hunting", "*hehārîm*": "the mountains/the hills" } }

  • 22{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.13.22", "source": "וְהָיָה֙ בְּי֣וֹם מִלְחֶ֔מֶת וְלֹ֨א נִמְצָ֜א חֶ֤רֶב וַחֲנִית֙ בְּיַ֣ד כָּל־הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֶת־שָׁא֖וּל וְאֶת־יוֹנָתָ֑ן וַתִּמָּצֵ֣א לְשָׁא֔וּל וּלְיוֹנָתָ֖ן בְּנֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*hāyâ* in-day-of *milḥemet* and-not *nimṣāʾ* *ḥereḇ* and-*ḥănît* in-hand-of all-*hāʿām* who with-*šāʾûl* and-with-*yônātān* *wattimmāṣēʾ* to-*šāʾûl* and-to-*yônātān* son-his", "grammar": { "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect, 3ms - it was/came to pass", "*milḥemet*": "feminine singular construct - battle of", "*nimṣāʾ*": "niphal perfect, 3ms - was found", "*ḥereḇ*": "feminine singular - sword", "*ḥănît*": "feminine singular - spear", "*wattimmāṣēʾ*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect, 3fs - and it was found" }, "variants": { "*hāyâ*": "it was/it came to pass/it happened" } }

  • 4{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.4", "source": "וַיִּקָּבְצ֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ וַיַּחֲנ֣וּ בְשׁוּנֵ֑ם וַיִּקְבֹּ֤ץ שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בַּגִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃", "text": "And *wayyiqqāḇṣû* *pəlištîm* and *wayyāḇōʾû* and *wayyaḥănû* in *šûnêm*; and *wayyiqbōṣ* *šāʾûl* *ʾet*-all-*yiśrāʾêl* and *wayyaḥănû* in the *gilbōaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqāḇṣû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural, niphal - and they gathered themselves", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*wayyāḇōʾû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they came", "*wayyaḥănû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they camped/encamped", "*šûnêm*": "proper noun - Shunem", "*wayyiqbōṣ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he gathered", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*gilbōaʿ*": "proper noun with definite article - Gilboa" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqqāḇṣû*": "and they gathered themselves/assembled/mustered", "*wayyaḥănû*": "and they encamped/pitched camp/stationed themselves" } }

  • 11{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.26.11", "source": "חָלִ֤ילָה לִּי֙ מֵֽיהוָ֔ה מִשְּׁלֹ֥חַ יָדִ֖י בִּמְשִׁ֣יחַ יְהוָ֑ה וְ֠עַתָּה קַח־נָ֨א אֶֽת־הַחֲנִ֜ית אֲשֶׁ֧ר מְרַאֲשֹׁתָ֛יו וְאֶת־צַפַּ֥חַת הַמַּ֖יִם וְנֵ֥לֲכָה לָּֽנוּ׃", "text": "*ḥālîlâ* to me from *YHWH* from *miššәlōaḥ* *yāḏî* against *mәšîaḥ* *YHWH*. And now, *qaḥ*-*nāʾ* *ʾeṯ*-the *ḥănîṯ* *ʾăšer* *mәraʾăšōṯāyw* and *ʾeṯ*-*ṣappaḥaṯ* the *mayim*, and *nēlăḵâ* to us.", "grammar": { "*ḥālîlâ*": "Substantive/interjection - far be it", "*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name with prefixed preposition - from Yahweh/the LORD", "*miššәlōaḥ*": "Qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - from stretching out", "*yāḏî*": "Noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*mәšîaḥ*": "Noun, masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition - against the anointed of", "*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*qaḥ*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - take", "*nāʾ*": "Particle of entreaty - please/now", "*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker", "*ḥănîṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular with definite article - the spear", "*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - which", "*mәraʾăšōṯāyw*": "Noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - at his head", "*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker", "*ṣappaḥaṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular construct - jar/flask of", "*mayim*": "Noun, masculine plural with definite article - the water", "*nēlăḵâ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person plural with cohortative he - let us go" }, "variants": { "*ḥālîlâ*": "far be it/God forbid/by no means", "*miššәlōaḥ*": "from stretching out/from sending/from extending", "*yāḏî*": "my hand/my power", "*mәšîaḥ*": "anointed one/consecrated one", "*qaḥ*": "take/get", "*nāʾ*": "please/now/I pray", "*ḥănîṯ*": "spear/lance", "*mәraʾăšōṯāyw*": "at his head/at his head-place", "*ṣappaḥaṯ*": "jar/flask/jug", "*mayim*": "water", "*nēlăḵâ*": "let us go/let us depart" } }

  • 12{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.13.12", "source": "וָאֹמַ֗ר עַ֠תָּה יֵרְד֨וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים אֵלַי֙ הַגִּלְגָּ֔ל וּפְנֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לֹ֣א חִלִּ֑יתִי וָֽאֶתְאַפַּ֔ק וָאַעֲלֶ֖ה הָעֹלָֽה׃ ס", "text": "*wāʾōmar* now *yērdû* *pĕlištîm* to-me *haggilgāl* and-face-of *YHWH* not *ḥillîtî* *wāʾetʾappaq* *wāʾaʿălê* *hāʿōlâ*", "grammar": { "*wāʾōmar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1cs - and I said", "*yērdû*": "qal imperfect, 3mp - they will come down", "*ḥillîtî*": "piel perfect, 1cs - I have entreated/appeased", "*wāʾetʾappaq*": "waw consecutive + hithpael imperfect, 1cs - and I forced myself", "*wāʾaʿălê*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 1cs - and I offered up" }, "variants": { "*ḥillîtî*": "entreated/appeased/sought favor of", "*wāʾetʾappaq*": "forced myself/restrained myself/compelled myself" } }

  • 6{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֜אמֶר הַנַּ֣עַר ׀ הַמַּגִּ֣יד ל֗וֹ נִקְרֹ֤א נִקְרֵ֙יתִי֙ בְּהַ֣ר הַגִּלְבֹּ֔עַ וְהִנֵּ֥ה שָׁא֖וּל נִשְׁעָ֣ן עַל־חֲנִית֑וֹ וְהִנֵּ֥ה הָרֶ֛כֶב וּבַעֲלֵ֥י הַפָּרָשִׁ֖ים הִדְבִּקֻֽהוּ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* the *naʿar* the *maggid* to him, '*niqrōʾ niqrêtî* in *har haggilbōaʿ* and *hinnēh* *šāʾûl* *nišʿān* on *ḥănîtô* and *hinnēh* the *rekeb* and *baʿălê happārāšîm* *hidbiqūhû*.'", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*naʿar*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the young man/lad", "*maggid*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one telling/reporting", "*niqrōʾ niqrêtî*": "niphal infinitive absolute + niphal perfect, 1st singular - I happened to be/chanced to be (emphatic)", "*har haggilbōaʿ*": "noun construct with proper noun and definite article - Mount Gilboa", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*nišʿān*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - leaning/supporting himself", "*ḥănîtô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his spear", "*rekeb*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the chariots", "*baʿălê happārāšîm*": "noun construct plural with noun with definite article - masters/riders of the horses/horsemen", "*hidbiqūhû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - they overtook/pursued him" }, "variants": { "*niqrōʾ niqrêtî*": "I happened by chance/I just happened to be/I was by coincidence", "*nišʿān*": "leaning/supporting himself/propping himself up", "*rekeb*": "chariots/chariotry/vehicles", "*baʿălê happārāšîm*": "horsemen/cavalry/chariot warriors", "*hidbiqūhû*": "overtook him/were pursuing him closely/were catching up to him" } }

  • 11{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.31.11", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמְע֣וּ אֵלָ֔יו יֹשְׁבֵ֖י יָבֵ֣ישׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֥וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים לְשָׁאֽוּל׃", "text": "And *wayyišməʿû* to him *yōšəbê yābêš gilʿād* *ʾêt ʾăšer-ʿāśû* *pəlištîm* to *šāʾûl*.", "grammar": { "*wayyišməʿû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they heard", "*yōšəbê yābêš gilʿād*": "noun, masculine plural construct + proper noun + proper noun - inhabitants of Jabesh-Gilead", "*ʾêt ʾăšer-ʿāśû*": "direct object marker + relative pronoun + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - what they had done", "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul" }, "variants": { "*wayyišməʿû*": "heard/heard about/received news", "*yōšəbê*": "inhabitants/dwellers/citizens", "*ʿāśû*": "done/did/performed" } }

  • 16{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.26.16", "source": "לֹא־ט֞וֹב הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּה֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂיתָ֒ חַי־יְהוָ֗ה כִּ֤י בְנֵי־מָ֙וֶת֙ אַתֶּ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹֽא־שְׁמַרְתֶּ֛ם עַל־אֲדֹנֵיכֶ֖ם עַל־מְשִׁ֣יחַ יְהוָ֑ה וְעַתָּ֣ה ׀ רְאֵ֗ה אֵֽי־חֲנִ֥ית הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ וְאֶת־צַפַּ֥חַת הַמַּ֖יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר מְרַאֲשֹׁתָֽיו׃", "text": "Not *ṭôḇ* this *dāḇār* *ʾăšer* *ʿāśîṯā*. *ḥay*-*YHWH* for *bәnê*-*māweṯ* you, *ʾăšer* not *šәmartem* over your *ʾăḏōnêḵem*, over *mәšîaḥ* *YHWH*. And now, *rәʾēh* where *ḥănîṯ* the *meleḵ* and *ʾeṯ*-*ṣappaḥaṯ* the *mayim* *ʾăšer* *mәraʾăšōṯāyw*.", "grammar": { "*ṭôḇ*": "Adjective, masculine singular - good", "*dāḇār*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the thing/matter", "*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you did", "*ḥay*": "Adjective, masculine singular construct - alive/living", "*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*bәnê*": "Noun construct, masculine plural - sons of", "*māweṯ*": "Noun, masculine singular - death", "*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - who", "*šәmartem*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you guarded", "*ʾăḏōnêḵem*": "Noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your lord", "*mәšîaḥ*": "Noun, masculine singular construct - anointed of", "*YHWH*": "Proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*rәʾēh*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - see/look", "*ḥănîṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular construct - spear of", "*meleḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king", "*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker", "*ṣappaḥaṯ*": "Noun, feminine singular construct - jar/flask of", "*mayim*": "Noun, masculine plural with definite article - the water", "*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - which", "*mәraʾăšōṯāyw*": "Noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - at his head" }, "variants": { "*ṭôḇ*": "good/right/proper", "*dāḇār*": "thing/matter/deed", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "you did/you have done", "*ḥay*": "alive/as surely as...lives/by the life of", "*bәnê*": "sons of/worthy of", "*māweṯ*": "death", "*šәmartem*": "you guarded/you protected/you watched over", "*ʾăḏōnêḵem*": "your lord/your master", "*mәšîaḥ*": "anointed one/consecrated one", "*rәʾēh*": "see/look/behold", "*ḥănîṯ*": "spear/lance", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler", "*ṣappaḥaṯ*": "jar/flask/jug", "*mayim*": "water", "*mәraʾăšōṯāyw*": "at his head/at his head-place" } }

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    11{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.10.11", "source": "וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֔וּ כֹּ֖ל יָבֵ֣ישׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֥וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים לְשָׁאֽוּל׃", "text": "And *wayyišməʿû* all *yābēš* *gilʿād* *ʾēt* all-that-*ʿāśû* *pəlištîm* to-*šāʾûl*.", "grammar": { "*wayyišməʿû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they heard", "*yābēš*": "proper noun - Jabesh", "*gilʿād*": "proper noun - Gilead", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʿāśû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they did/had done", "*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul" }, "variants": { "*kōl yābēš gilʿād*": "all [the people of] Jabesh-Gilead", "*kāl-ʾăšer-ʿāśû*": "all that had done/everything that had done", "*ləšāʾûl*": "to Saul/against Saul" } }

    12{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.10.12", "source": "וַיָּקוּמוּ֮ כָּל־אִ֣ישׁ חַיִל֒ וַיִּשְׂא֞וּ אֶת־גּוּפַ֣ת שָׁא֗וּל וְאֵת֙ גּוּפֹ֣ת בָּנָ֔יו וַיְבִיא֖וּם יָבֵ֑ישָׁה וַיִּקְבְּר֨וּ אֶת־עַצְמוֹתֵיהֶ֜ם תַּ֤חַת הָאֵלָה֙ בְּיָבֵ֔שׁ וַיָּצ֖וּמוּ שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים׃", "text": "And *wayyāqûmû* all-*ʾîš* *ḥayil*, and *wayyiśʾû* *ʾet*-*gûpat* *šāʾûl* and *ʾēt* *gûpōt* *bānāyw*, and *wayəbîʾûm* *yābēšāh*, and *wayyiqbərû* *ʾet*-*ʿaṣmôtêhem* under *hāʾēlāh* in-*yābēš*, and *wayyāṣûmû* *šibʿat* *yāmîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāqûmû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they arose", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of", "*ḥayil*": "noun, masculine singular - valor", "*wayyiśʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they carried", "*gûpat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - body of", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*gûpōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - bodies of", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*wayəbîʾûm*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and they brought them", "*yābēšāh*": "proper noun with directional he - to Jabesh", "*wayyiqbərû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they buried", "*ʿaṣmôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bones", "*hāʾēlāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the terebinth/oak", "*yābēš*": "proper noun - Jabesh", "*wayyāṣûmû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they fasted", "*šibʿat*": "numeral, feminine singular construct - seven of", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days" }, "variants": { "*kāl-ʾîš ḥayil*": "all valiant men/all men of valor/all brave warriors", "*gûpat*": "body/corpse", "*gûpōt*": "bodies/corpses", "*wayəbîʾûm*": "and they brought them/carried them", "*yābēšāh*": "to Jabesh", "*ʿaṣmôtêhem*": "their bones/remains", "*hāʾēlāh*": "the terebinth/the oak tree", "*wayyāṣûmû*": "and they fasted/abstained from food", "*šibʿat yāmîm*": "seven days" } }

  • 12{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.12", "source": "וַֽיִּסְפְּדוּ֙ וַיִּבְכּ֔וּ וַיָּצֻ֖מוּ עַד־הָעָ֑רֶב עַל־שָׁא֞וּל וְעַל־יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנ֗וֹ וְעַל־עַ֤ם יְהוָה֙ וְעַל־בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּ֥י נָפְל֖וּ בֶּחָֽרֶב׃ ס", "text": "And *wayyispədû* and *wayyibkû* and *wayyāṣūmû* until the *ʿāreb* for *šāʾûl* and for *yəhônātān* his son and for *ʿam* *YHWH* and for *bêt* *yiśrāʾēl* because *nāplû* by the *ḥāreb*.", "grammar": { "*wayyispədû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they mourned/lamented", "*wayyibkû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they wept", "*wayyāṣūmû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they fasted", "*ʿāreb*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the evening", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*yəhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*nāplû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they fell", "*ḥāreb*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sword" }, "variants": { "*wayyispədû*": "they mourned/they lamented/they wailed", "*wayyibkû*": "they wept/they cried", "*wayyāṣūmû*": "they fasted/they abstained from food", "*ʿam YHWH*": "people of YHWH/the LORD's people", "*bêt yiśrāʾēl*": "house of Israel/the Israelite nation", "*nāplû beḥāreb*": "they fell by the sword/they were killed in battle" } }

  • 12{ "verseID": "2Samuel.21.12", "source": "וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֗ד וַיִּקַּ֞ח אֶת־עַצְמ֤וֹת שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶת־עַצְמוֹת֙ יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנ֔וֹ מֵאֵ֕ת בַּעֲלֵ֖י יָבֵ֣ישׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד אֲשֶׁר֩ גָּנְב֨וּ אֹתָ֜ם מֵרְחֹ֣ב בֵּֽית־שַׁ֗ן אֲשֶׁ֨ר *תלום **תְּלָא֥וּם *שם *הפלשתים **שָׁ֙מָּה֙ **פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים בְּי֨וֹם הַכּ֧וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים אֶת־שָׁא֖וּל בַּגִּלְבֹּֽעַ", "text": "And *wayyēlek* *Dāwid* and *wayyiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-*ʿaṣmôt* *Šāʾûl* and-*ʾet*-*ʿaṣmôt* *Yĕhônātān* *bĕnô* from-*ʾēt* *baʿălê* *Yābēš* *Gilʿād*, *ʾăšer* *gānbû* them from-*rĕḥōb* *Bêt*-*Šan*, *ʾăšer* *tĕlāʾûm* *šāmmâ* *Pĕlištîm* in-*yôm* the-*hakkôt* *Pĕlištîm* *ʾet*-*Šāʾûl* in-the-*Gilbōaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyēlek*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he went", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he took", "*ʿaṣmôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - bones of", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*Yĕhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*bĕnô*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3ms suffix - his son", "*ʾēt*": "preposition - from", "*baʿălê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - lords/men of", "*Yābēš*": "proper noun - Jabesh", "*Gilʿād*": "proper noun - Gilead", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*gānbû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they had stolen", "*rĕḥōb*": "noun, feminine singular construct - open place/street of", "*Bêt*-*Šan*": "proper noun - Beth-shan", "*tĕlāʾûm*": "qal perfect 3cp + 3mp suffix - they had hanged them", "*šāmmâ*": "adverb - there", "*Pĕlištîm*": "proper noun, plural - Philistines", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - day of", "*hakkôt*": "hiphil infinitive construct - striking of", "*Gilbōaʿ*": "proper noun - Gilboa" }, "variants": { "*tĕlāʾûm*": "hanged them/suspended them", "*hakkôt*": "striking/defeating/killing", "*baʿălê*": "men of/lords of/citizens of" } }

  • 31{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.20.31", "source": "כִּ֣י כָל־הַיָּמִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר בֶּן־יִשַׁי֙ חַ֣י עַל־הָאֲדָמָ֔ה לֹ֥א תִכּ֖וֹן אַתָּ֣ה וּמַלְכוּתֶ֑ךָ וְעַתָּ֗ה שְׁלַ֨ח וְקַ֤ח אֹתוֹ֙ אֵלַ֔י כִּ֥י בֶן־מָ֖וֶת הֽוּא׃", "text": "For all-the *yāmîm* that *ben*-*Yišay* *ḥay* on-the *ʾădāmāh*, not *tikkôn* you and your *malkûtekā*; and now, *šəlaḥ* and *qaḥ* him to me, for *ben*-*māwet* he.", "grammar": { "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse", "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular - living/alive", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the ground/earth/land", "*tikkôn*": "niphal imperfect 2ms - you will be established/secure", "*malkûtekā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2ms suffix - your kingdom", "*šəlaḥ*": "qal imperative ms - send", "*qaḥ*": "qal imperative ms - take/get", "*ben*-*māwet*": "son of death - idiom for 'doomed to die'" }, "variants": { "*tikkôn*": "be established/be secure/be stable", "*ben*-*māwet*": "son of death/deserving death/doomed to die" } }

  • 4{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.31.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁאוּל֩ לְנֹשֵׂ֨א כֵלָ֜יו שְׁלֹ֥ף חַרְבְּךָ֣ ׀ וְדָקְרֵ֣נִי בָ֗הּ פֶּן־יָ֠בוֹאוּ הָעֲרֵלִ֨ים הָאֵ֤לֶּה וּדְקָרֻ֙נִי֙ וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ־בִ֔י וְלֹ֤א אָבָה֙ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֔יו כִּ֥י יָרֵ֖א מְאֹ֑ד וַיִּקַּ֤ח שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־הַחֶ֔רֶב וַיִּפֹּ֖ל עָלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *šāʾûl* to *nōśēʾ kēlāyw* '*šəlōp̄* your *ḥarbəḵā* and *wədāqrēnî* with it, lest *pen-yābôʾû* *hāʿărēlîm* *hāʾēlleh* and *ûdəqārūnî* and *wəhitʿalləlû-bî*.' But not *ʾābāh* *nōśēʾ kēlāyw*, for he *yārēʾ* exceedingly; and *wayyiqqaḥ* *šāʾûl* *ʾet-haḥereb* and *wayyippōl* upon it.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*nōśēʾ kēlāyw*": "participle construct + noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - bearer of his weapons/armor-bearer", "*šəlōp̄*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - draw out", "*ḥarbəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sword", "*wədāqrēnî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperative, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and pierce me", "*pen-yābôʾû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - lest they come", "*hāʿărēlîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the uncircumcised", "*hāʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural - these", "*ûdəqārūnî*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - and they pierce me", "*wəhitʿalləlû-bî*": "conjunction + verb, hithpael perfect, 3rd person masculine plural + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - and they abuse me", "*ʾābāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was willing", "*yārēʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - feared", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he took", "*ʾet-haḥereb*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sword", "*wayyippōl*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he fell" }, "variants": { "*nōśēʾ kēlāyw*": "armor-bearer/weapons-bearer", "*šəlōp̄*": "draw/unsheathe/pull out", "*wədāqrēnî*": "pierce me/thrust me through/stab me", "*hāʿărēlîm*": "uncircumcised ones/Gentiles/foreigners", "*wəhitʿalləlû-bî*": "abuse me/mock me/make sport of me", "*ʾābāh*": "was willing/consented/agreed" } }

  • 37{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.37", "source": "וַיִּשְׁאַ֤ל שָׁאוּל֙ בֵּֽאלֹהִ֔ים הַֽאֵרֵד֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים הֲתִתְּנֵ֖ם בְּיַ֣ד יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹ֥א עָנָ֖הוּ בַּיּ֥וֹם הַהֽוּא׃", "text": "*wayyišʾal* *šāʾûl* in-*ʾĕlōhîm* ?-*ʾērēd* after *pəlištîm* ?-*tittenēm* in-*yad* *yiśrāʾēl* and-not *ʿānāhû* in-the-*yôm* the-*hû*", "grammar": { "*wayyišʾal*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he inquired", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*ʾērēd*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st singular with interrogative prefix - shall I go down", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*tittenēm*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix and interrogative prefix - will you give them", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿānāhû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he answered him", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - day", "*hû*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that" }, "variants": { "*wayyišʾal*": "and he inquired, and he asked", "*tittenēm*": "will you give them, will you deliver them" } }

  • 4{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֥יו דָּוִ֛ד מֶה־הָיָ֥ה הַדָּבָ֖ר הַגֶּד־נָ֣א לִ֑י וַ֠יֹּאמֶר אֲשֶׁר־נָ֨ס הָעָ֜ם מִן־הַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה וְגַם־הַרְבֵּ֞ה נָפַ֤ל מִן־הָעָם֙ וַיָּמֻ֔תוּ וְגַ֗ם שָׁא֛וּל וִיהוֹנָתָ֥ן בְּנ֖וֹ מֵֽתוּ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to him *dāwid*, 'What *hāyâ* the *dābār*? *hagged-nāʾ* to me.' And *wayyōʾmer*, 'That *nās* the *ʿām* from the *milḥāmâ* and also many *nāpal* from the *ʿām* and *wayyāmutû*, and also *šāʾûl* and *yəhônātān* his son *mētû*.'", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*hāyâ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - happened/was", "*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the thing/matter/event", "*hagged-nāʾ*": "imperative, 2nd masculine singular with particle of entreaty - tell please", "*nās*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - fled", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the battle", "*nāpal*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - fell", "*wayyāmutû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they died", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*yəhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*mētû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they died/are dead" }, "variants": { "*meh-hāyâ haddābār*": "what was the matter?/what happened?", "*hagged-nāʾ*": "please tell/do tell", "*nās*": "fled/has fled/escaped", "*milḥāmâ*": "battle/war/combat", "*nāpal*": "fell/have fallen", "*wayyāmutû*": "and they died/and they were killed", "*mētû*": "are dead/have died" } }

  • 4{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.10.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁאוּל֩ אֶל־נֹשֵׂ֨א כֵלָ֜יו שְׁלֹ֥ף חַרְבְּךָ֣ ׀ וְדָקְרֵ֣נִי בָ֗הּ פֶּן־יָבֹ֜אוּ הָעֲרֵלִ֤ים הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ־בִ֔י וְלֹ֤א אָבָה֙ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֔יו כִּ֥י יָרֵ֖א מְאֹ֑ד ס וַיִּקַּ֤ח שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־הַחֶ֔רֶב וַיִּפֹּ֖ל עָלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *šāʾûl* to-*nōśēʾ* *kēlāyw*, '*šəlōp* *ḥarbəkā* and *dāqrēnî* with-*bāh*, lest-*yābōʾû* *hāʿărēlîm* *hāʾēlleh* and *wəhitʿalləlû*-in-me.' And *lōʾ* *ʾābāh* *nōśēʾ* *kēlāyw*, for *yārēʾ* greatly. And *wayyiqqaḥ* *šāʾûl* *ʾet*-*haḥereb* and *wayyippōl* upon-*ʿāleyhā*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*nōśēʾ*": "noun, masculine singular participle construct - bearer of", "*kēlāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his weapons/armor", "*šəlōp*": "verb, Qal imperative, masculine singular - draw", "*ḥarbəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sword", "*dāqrēnî*": "verb, Qal imperative, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - thrust me", "*bāh*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - with it", "*yābōʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will come", "*hāʿărēlîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the uncircumcised", "*hāʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural with definite article - these", "*wəhitʿalləlû*": "verb, Hithpael perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they will abuse", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾābāh*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he was willing", "*yārēʾ*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he feared", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he took", "*haḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sword", "*wayyippōl*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he fell", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - upon it" }, "variants": { "*nōśēʾ kēlāyw*": "armor-bearer/weapon-bearer", "*šəlōp*": "draw/unsheathe/pull out", "*dāqrēnî*": "thrust me/pierce me/run me through", "*hāʿărēlîm*": "the uncircumcised ones/the Philistines (pejorative term)", "*wəhitʿalləlû*": "and abuse/make sport of/mock", "*ʾābāh*": "was willing/consented/agreed", "*yārēʾ*": "feared/was afraid/was terrified", "*wayyippōl ʿāleyhā*": "and he fell upon it/fell on his sword" } }

  • 14{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.14", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֵלָ֖יו דָּוִ֑ד אֵ֚יךְ לֹ֣א יָרֵ֔אתָ לִשְׁלֹ֙חַ֙ יָֽדְךָ֔ לְשַׁחֵ֖ת אֶת־מְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to him *dāwid*, '*ʾêk* not *yārēʾtā* to *šəlōaḥ* your *yādkā* to *šaḥēt ʾet-məšîaḥ* *YHWH*?'", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*yārēʾtā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you feared", "*šəlōaḥ*": "infinitive construct - to stretch out/send", "*yādkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*šaḥēt*": "piel infinitive construct - to destroy/ruin", "*məšîaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - anointed of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*ʾêk lōʾ yārēʾtā*": "how were you not afraid?/how did you not fear?", "*lišlōaḥ yādkā*": "to stretch out your hand/to put forth your hand", "*ləšaḥēt*": "to destroy/to harm/to kill", "*məšîaḥ YHWH*": "the LORD's anointed/YHWH's anointed one" } }

  • 4{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.13.4", "source": "וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֞ל שָׁמְע֣וּ לֵאמֹ֗ר הִכָּ֤ה שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־נְצִ֣יב פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וְגַם־נִבְאַשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיִּצָּעֲק֥וּ הָעָ֛ם אַחֲרֵ֥י שָׁא֖וּל הַגִּלְגָּֽל׃", "text": "And-all-*yiśrāʾēl* *šāmĕʿû* *lēmōr* *hikkâ* *šāʾûl* *ʾet*-*nĕṣîḇ* *pĕlištîm* and-also-*niḇʾaš* *yiśrāʾēl* in-*pĕlištîm* *wayyiṣṣāʿăqû* *hāʿām* after *šāʾûl* *haggilgāl*", "grammar": { "*šāmĕʿû*": "qal perfect, 3cp - they heard", "*lēmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hikkâ*": "hiphil perfect, 3ms - he struck/attacked", "*niḇʾaš*": "niphal perfect, 3ms - became odious/was abhorred", "*wayyiṣṣāʿăqû*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect, 3mp - and they were called together/gathered" }, "variants": { "*niḇʾaš*": "became odious/was abhorred/had become hated/stank in the nostrils of", "*wayyiṣṣāʿăqû*": "were called together/were summoned/gathered themselves" } }

  • 10{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.24.10", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ לְשָׁא֔וּל לָ֧מָּה תִשְׁמַ֛ע אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י אָדָ֖ם לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֣ה דָוִ֔ד מְבַקֵּ֖שׁ רָעָתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And *wayyōmer* *Dāwid* to *Šāʾûl* why *tišmaʿ* *ʾet*-*dibrê* *ʾādām* *lēmōr* *hinnêh* *Dāwid* *mebaqqēš* *rāʿātekā*", "grammar": { "*wayyōmer*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and he said", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul", "*tišmaʿ*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you listen/hear", "*dibrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*lēmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - saying", "*hinnêh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*mebaqqēš*": "participle, masculine singular, Piel stem - seeking", "*rāʿātekā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your harm/evil" }, "variants": { "*tišmaʿ*": "listen to/hear/heed/obey", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/reports", "*mebaqqēš*": "seeking/pursuing/intending", "*rāʿātekā*": "your harm/evil/injury/misfortune" } }

  • 13{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.26.13", "source": "וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר דָּוִד֙ הָעֵ֔בֶר וַיַּעֲמֹ֥ד עַל־רֹאשׁ־הָהָ֖ר מֵֽרָחֹ֑ק רַ֥ב הַמָּק֖וֹם בֵּינֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿăḇōr* *dāwiḏ* the *ʿēḇer* and *wayyaʿămōḏ* on *rōʾš*-the *hār* from *mērāḥōq*. *raḇ* the *māqôm* between them.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he crossed over", "*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʿēḇer*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the other side", "*wayyaʿămōḏ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he stood", "*rōʾš*": "Noun, masculine singular construct - top of", "*hār*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the mountain/hill", "*mērāḥōq*": "Noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition - from afar", "*raḇ*": "Adjective, masculine singular - great", "*māqôm*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the distance/space", "*bēynêhem*": "Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - between them" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "crossed over/passed over/went across", "*ʿēḇer*": "other side/opposite side", "*wayyaʿămōḏ*": "stood/positioned himself", "*rōʾš*": "top/head/summit", "*hār*": "mountain/hill", "*mērāḥōq*": "from afar/from a distance", "*raḇ*": "great/large/wide", "*māqôm*": "distance/space/place" } }

  • 6{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.24.6", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֔ן וַיַּ֥ךְ לֵב־דָּוִ֖ד אֹת֑וֹ עַ֚ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּרַ֔ת אֶת־כָּנָ֖ף אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְשָׁאֽוּל׃ ס", "text": "And *wayehî* after this and *wayyak* *lēb*-*Dāwid* *ʾōtô* because that *kārat* *ʾet*-*kānāp* which to *Šāʾûl*", "grammar": { "*wayehî*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *hāyâ* - and it happened/came to pass", "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *nākâ* - and it struck", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*kārat*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he cut off", "*kānāp*": "noun, masculine singular - edge/corner", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul" }, "variants": { "*wayehî*": "and it happened/came to pass/was", "*wayyak*": "struck/smote/beat (metaphorically: troubled/bothered)", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/conscience", "*kārat*": "cut off/cut/severed" } }

  • 3{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.3", "source": "וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֞ים עֹמְדִ֤ים אֶל־הָהָר֙ מִזֶּ֔ה וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹמְדִ֥ים אֶל־הָהָ֖ר מִזֶּ֑ה וְהַגַּ֖יְא בֵּינֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *Pəlištîm* *ʿāmad* toward-the-*hār* from this [side], and *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʿāmad* toward-the-*hār* from that [side]; and the-*gayʾ* [was] between them.", "grammar": { "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*ʿāmad*": "Qal participle masculine plural - standing", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the mountain/hill", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*gayʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the valley/ravine" }, "variants": { "*ʿāmad*": "standing/positioned/taking their stand", "*hār*": "mountain/hill", "*gayʾ*": "valley/ravine/gorge" } }

  • 5{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.19.5", "source": "וַיָּשֶׂם֩ אֶת־נַפְשׁ֨וֹ בְכַפּ֜וֹ וַיַּ֣ךְ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י וַיַּ֨עַשׂ יְהוָ֜ה תְּשׁוּעָ֤ה גְדוֹלָה֙ לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל רָאִ֖יתָ וַתִּשְׂמָ֑ח וְלָ֤מָּה תֶֽחֱטָא֙ בְּדָ֣ם נָקִ֔י לְהָמִ֥ית אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד חִנָּֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyāśem* *ʾeṯ*-his *nap̄šô* in his *ḇeḵappô* and *wayyak* *ʾeṯ*-the *happelištî*, and *wayyaʿaś* *YHWH* *tešûʿāh* *ḡeḏôlāh* for all-*Yiśrāʾēl*; you *rāʾîṯā* and *wattiśmāḥ*; and *welāmmāh* *ṯeḥĕṭāʾ* with *beḏām* *nāqî*, to *lehāmîṯ* *ʾeṯ*-*Dāwid* without cause?", "grammar": { "*wayyāśem*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he put'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*nap̄šô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his life/soul'", "*ḇeḵappô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'in his palm/hand'", "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he struck'", "*happelištî*": "definite article + proper noun, masculine singular - 'the Philistine'", "*wayyaʿaś*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he made'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - 'LORD'", "*tešûʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - 'salvation/victory/deliverance'", "*ḡeḏôlāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - 'great'", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*rāʾîṯā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - 'you saw'", "*wattiśmāḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - 'and you rejoiced'", "*welāmmāh*": "waw-conjunction + interrogative - 'and why'", "*ṯeḥĕṭāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - 'you will sin'", "*beḏām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - 'with blood of'", "*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'innocent'", "*lehāmîṯ*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to kill'", "*ḥinnām*": "adverb - 'without cause/freely/for nothing'" }, "variants": { "*wayyāśem*": "put/placed/risked", "*nap̄šô*": "his life/his soul/himself", "*ḇeḵappô*": "in his palm/in his hand/at risk", "*wayyak*": "struck/defeated/killed", "*tešûʿāh*": "salvation/victory/deliverance", "*ṯeḥĕṭāʾ*": "sin/do wrong/be guilty", "*beḏām*": "with blood/by killing", "*nāqî*": "innocent/blameless/free from guilt", "*ḥinnām*": "without cause/without reason/for nothing" } }

  • 14{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.10.14", "source": "וְלֹֽא־דָרַ֥שׁ בַּֽיהוָ֖ה וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּ וַיַּסֵּב֙ אֶת־הַמְּלוּכָ֔ה לְדָוִ֖יד בֶּן־יִשָֽׁי׃ פ", "text": "And *wəlōʾ*-*dāraš* in-*bayhwh*, and *wayəmîtēhû*, and *wayyassēb* *ʾet*-*hamməlûkāh* to-*dāwîd* *ben*-*yišāy*.", "grammar": { "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*dāraš*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he sought", "*bayhwh*": "proper noun with preposition - of YHWH", "*wayəmîtēhû*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he killed him", "*wayyassēb*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he turned", "*hamməlûkāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the kingdom", "*dāwîd*": "proper noun - David", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*yišāy*": "proper noun - Jesse" }, "variants": { "*wəlōʾ-dāraš*": "and he did not seek/inquire/consult", "*bayhwh*": "of YHWH/from YHWH", "*wayəmîtēhû*": "and he killed him/put him to death", "*wayyassēb*": "and he turned/transferred/gave", "*hamməlûkāh*": "the kingdom/kingship/royal power", "*dāwîd ben-yišāy*": "David son of Jesse" } }

  • 16{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.13.16", "source": "וְשָׁא֞וּל וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנ֗וֹ וְהָעָם֙ הַנִּמְצָ֣א עִמָּ֔ם יֹשְׁבִ֖ים בְּגֶ֣בַע בִּנְיָמִ֑ן וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים חָנ֥וּ בְמִכְמָֽשׂ׃", "text": "And-*šāʾûl* and-*yônātān* son-his and-*hāʿām* *hannimṣāʾ* with-them *yōšḇîm* in-*geḇaʿ* *binyāmîn* and-*pĕlištîm* *ḥānû* in-*mikmās*", "grammar": { "*hannimṣāʾ*": "definite article + niphal participle, masculine singular - the one being found", "*yōšḇîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - dwelling/staying", "*ḥānû*": "qal perfect, 3cp - they encamped/were encamping" }, "variants": { "*yōšḇîm*": "dwelling/staying/remained", "*ḥānû*": "encamped/camped/were encamped" } }

  • 25{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.18.25", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל כֹּֽה־תֹאמְר֣וּ לְדָוִ֗ד אֵֽין־חֵ֤פֶץ לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ בְּמֹ֔הַר כִּ֗י בְּמֵאָה֙ עָרְל֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְהִנָּקֵ֖ם בְּאֹיְבֵ֣י הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְשָׁא֣וּל חָשַׁ֔ב לְהַפִּ֥יל אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד בְּיַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃", "text": "And *wa-yōʾmer* *Šāʾûl*, thus-*tōʾmərû* to *Dāwid*, there is no-*ḥēpeṣ* to the *melek* in *mōhar*, but in *mēʾâ* *ʿorlôt* *pəlištîm*, to *hinnāqēm* in *ʾōyəbê* the *melek*. And *Šāʾûl* *ḥāšab* to *happîl* *ʾet*-*Dāwid* by *yad*-*pəlištîm*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3ms - and he said", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*kōh-tōʾmərû*": "adverb + qal imperfect, 2mp - thus you shall say", "*lə-Dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to David", "*ʾên-ḥēpeṣ*": "negative particle + masculine singular noun - there is no pleasure/desire", "*la-melek*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the king", "*bə-mōhar*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in bride price", "*kî*": "conjunction - but/except", "*bə-mēʾâ*": "preposition + feminine singular numeral - in a hundred", "*ʿorlôt*": "feminine plural construct - foreskins of", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun - Philistines", "*lə-hinnāqēm*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to be avenged", "*bə-ʾōyəbê*": "preposition + qal participle, masculine plural construct - on the enemies of", "*ha-melek*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the king", "*wə-Šāʾûl*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Saul", "*ḥāšab*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he thought/planned", "*lə-happîl*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to fall", "*ʾet-Dāwid*": "direct object marker + proper noun - David", "*bə-yad-pəlištîm*": "preposition + feminine singular construct + proper noun - by the hand of the Philistines" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/tell", "*ḥēpeṣ*": "delight/pleasure/desire", "*melek*": "king/ruler", "*mōhar*": "bride price/dowry", "*ʿorlâ*": "foreskin", "*nāqam*": "avenge/take vengeance", "*ʾōyēb*": "enemy/foe/adversary", "*ḥāšab*": "think/plan/devise", "*nāpal*": "fall/be killed/die", "*yād*": "hand/power" } }

  • 4{ "verseID": "2Samuel.21.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֧אמְרוּ ל֣וֹ הַגִּבְעֹנִ֗ים אֵֽין־*לי **לָ֜נוּ כֶּ֤סֶף וְזָהָב֙ עִם־שָׁא֣וּל וְעִם־בֵּית֔וֹ וְאֵֽין־לָ֥נוּ אִ֖ישׁ לְהָמִ֣ית בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֛אמֶר מָֽה־אַתֶּ֥ם אֹמְרִ֖ים אֶעֱשֶׂ֥ה לָכֶֽם", "text": "And *wayyōʾmĕrû* to-him the-*Gibʿōnîm*, \"*ʾên*-to-us *kesep* and-*zāhāb* with-*Šāʾûl* and-with-*bêtô*, and-*ʾên*-to-us *ʾîš* to-*hāmît* in-*Yiśrāʾēl*.\" And *wayyōʾmer*, \"*mâ*-you *ʾōmĕrîm* *ʾeʿĕśeh* to-you?\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmĕrû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they said", "*Gibʿōnîm*": "proper noun, plural - Gibeonites", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*kesep*": "noun, masculine singular - silver", "*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine singular - gold", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bêtô*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3ms suffix - his house", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*hāmît*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to kill", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*mâ*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*ʾōmĕrîm*": "qal participle mp - saying", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "qal imperfect 1cs - I shall do" }, "variants": { "*kesep* and *zāhāb*": "silver and gold/money/payment", "*hāmît*": "to kill/execute/put to death" } }

  • 12{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.15.12", "source": "וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֧ם שְׁמוּאֵ֛ל לִקְרַ֥את שָׁא֖וּל בַּבֹּ֑קֶר וַיֻּגַּ֨ד לִשְׁמוּאֵ֜ל לֵאמֹ֗ר בָּֽא־שָׁא֤וּל הַכַּרְמֶ֙לָה֙ וְהִנֵּ֨ה מַצִּ֥יב לוֹ֙ יָ֔ד וַיִּסֹּב֙ וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֔ר וַיֵּ֖רֶד הַגִּלְגָּֽל׃", "text": "And *wayyaškēm* *šəmûʾēl* to meet *liqraʾṯ* *šāʾûl* in the morning *babbōqer*; and it was told *wayyuggaḏ* to *lišmûʾēl* saying *lēʾmōr*, has come *bāʾ*-*šāʾûl* to Carmel *hakkarmelâ* and behold *wəhinnê* setting up *maṣṣîḇ* for himself *lô* monument *yāḏ*, and he turned *wayyissōḇ* and passed over *wayyaʿăḇōr* and went down *wayyēreḏ* to Gilgal *haggilgāl*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaškēm*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he rose early", "*šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel", "*liqraʾṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to meet", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul", "*babbōqer*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the morning", "*wayyuggaḏ*": "waw consecutive + Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it was told/reported", "*lišmûʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun, masculine singular - to Samuel", "*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*bāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has come/arrived", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul", "*hakkarmelâ*": "definite article + proper noun + directional hei - to Carmel", "*wəhinnê*": "conjunction + interjection - and behold", "*maṣṣîḇ*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - setting up/erecting", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - for himself", "*yāḏ*": "noun, feminine singular - hand/monument", "*wayyissōḇ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he turned", "*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he passed over", "*wayyēreḏ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went down", "*haggilgāl*": "definite article + proper noun - the Gilgal" }, "variants": { "*wayyaškēm*": "and he rose early/got up early", "*wayyuggaḏ*": "and it was told/reported/informed", "*maṣṣîḇ*": "setting up/erecting/establishing", "*yāḏ*": "hand/monument/memorial/victory marker", "*wayyissōḇ*": "and he turned/turned around/went around", "*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "and he passed over/crossed/went through" } }

  • 9{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.21.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ לַאֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְאִ֛ין יֶשׁ־פֹּ֥ה תַֽחַת־יָדְךָ֖ חֲנִ֣ית אוֹ־חָ֑רֶב כִּ֣י גַם־חַרְבִּ֤י וְגַם־כֵּלַי֙ לֹֽא־לָקַ֣חְתִּי בְיָדִ֔י כִּֽי־הָיָ֥ה דְבַר־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ נָחֽוּץ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *Dāwid* to *laʾĂḥîmelek* and is there not *yeš*-here under-your *yādekā* *ḥănît* or-*ḥāreb* for also-my *ḥarbî* and also-my *kēlay* not-*lāqaḥtî* in my *beyādî* for-*hāyâ* *debar*-the *hammelek* *nāḥûṣ*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*laʾĂḥîmelek*": "preposition + proper noun, masculine singular - to Ahimelech", "*yeš*": "particle of existence - there is/are", "*yādekā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*ḥănît*": "noun, feminine singular, absolute - spear", "*ḥāreb*": "noun, feminine singular, absolute - sword", "*ḥarbî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my sword", "*kēlay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my weapons/vessels", "*lāqaḥtî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I took", "*beyādî*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - in my hand", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/it was", "*debar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - matter/business of", "*hammelek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular, absolute - the king", "*nāḥûṣ*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - urgent/pressing" }, "variants": { "*ḥănît*": "spear/lance", "*ḥāreb*": "sword/dagger/knife", "*kēlay*": "weapons/equipment/vessels/utensils", "*debar-hammelek nāḥûṣ*": "king's matter was urgent/king's business was pressing/king's command was hasty" } }

  • 39{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.39", "source": "כִּ֣י חַי־יְהוָ֗ה הַמּוֹשִׁ֙יעַ֙ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּ֧י אִם־יֶשְׁנ֛וֹ בְּיוֹנָתָ֥ן בְּנִ֖י כִּ֣י מ֣וֹת יָמ֑וּת וְאֵ֥ין עֹנֵ֖הוּ מִכָּל־הָעָֽם׃", "text": "For *ḥay*-*YHWH* the-*môšîa'* *ʾet*-*yiśrāʾēl* that if-*yešnô* in-*yônātān* *bənî* that *môt* *yāmût* and-*ʾên* *ʿōnēhû* from-all-the-*ʿām*", "grammar": { "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - living", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*môšîa'*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular with definite article - who saves", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yešnô*": "particle of existence with 3rd masculine singular suffix - it is", "*yônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*bənî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my son", "*môt*": "verb, infinitive absolute - surely die", "*yāmût*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will die", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʿōnēhû*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - answering him", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - people" }, "variants": { "*ḥay*-*YHWH*": "as the LORD lives, by the life of the LORD", "*môt* *yāmût*": "he shall surely die, dying he shall die" } }

  • 3{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.26.3", "source": "וַיִּ֨חַן שָׁא֜וּל בְּגִבְעַ֣ת הַחֲכִילָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֛ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הַיְשִׁימֹ֖ן עַל־הַדָּ֑רֶךְ וְדָוִד֙ יֹשֵׁ֣ב בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וַיַּ֕רְא כִּ֣י בָ֥א שָׁא֛וּל אַחֲרָ֖יו הַמִּדְבָּֽרָה׃", "text": "And *wayyiḥan* *šāʾûl* in *giḇʿaṯ* the *ḥăḵîlâ* *ʾăšer* on *pәnê* the *yәšîmōn* on the *dāreḵ*. And *dāwiḏ* *yōšēḇ* in the *midḇār*, and *wayyarʾ* that *ḇā* *šāʾûl* after him to the *midḇārâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiḥan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he encamped", "*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul", "*giḇʿaṯ*": "Noun construct, feminine singular - hill of", "*ḥăḵîlâ*": "Proper noun, feminine singular with definite article - the Hachilah", "*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - which", "*pәnê*": "Noun construct, masculine plural - face of", "*yәšîmōn*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the desert/wilderness", "*dāreḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the road/way", "*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*yōšēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - dwelling/staying", "*midḇār*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness", "*wayyarʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he saw", "*ḇā*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had come", "*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul", "*midḇārâ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article and directional he - to the wilderness" }, "variants": { "*wayyiḥan*": "encamped/pitched camp", "*ʾăšer*": "which/that", "*pәnê*": "face of/in front of/overlooking", "*yәšîmōn*": "desert/wilderness/wasteland", "*dāreḵ*": "road/way/path", "*yōšēḇ*": "dwelling/staying/sitting", "*midḇār*": "wilderness/desert", "*wayyarʾ*": "saw/perceived", "*ḇā*": "had come/was coming" } }