17 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.18.17",
"source": "וַיִּקְח֣וּ אֶת־אַבְשָׁל֗וֹם וַיַּשְׁלִ֨יכוּ אֹת֤וֹ בַיַּ֙עַר֙ אֶל־הַפַּ֣חַת הַגָּד֔וֹל וַיַּצִּ֧בוּ עָלָ֛יו גַּל־אֲבָנִ֖ים גָּד֣וֹל מְאֹ֑ד וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל נָ֖סוּ אִ֥ישׁ לְאֹהָלָֽיו׃",
"text": "And-*yiqqěḥû* *ʾeṯ*-*ʾAḇšālôm* and-*yaššlîḵû* *ʾōṯô* in-the-*yaʿar* to-the-*paḥaṯ* the-*gāḏôl* and-*yaṣṣîḇû* upon-him *gal*-*ʾăḇānîm* *gāḏôl* *měʾōḏ* and-all-*Yiśrāʾēl* *nāsû* *ʾîš* to-*ʾōhālāyw*.",
"grammar": {
"*yiqqěḥû*": "third person masculine plural qal imperfect consecutive - and they took",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾAḇšālôm*": "proper noun - Absalom",
"*yaššlîḵû*": "third person masculine plural hiphil imperfect consecutive - and they threw/cast",
"*ʾōṯô*": "direct object marker with third person masculine singular suffix - him",
"*yaʿar*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the forest/woods/thicket",
"*paḥaṯ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the pit/hole",
"*gāḏôl*": "masculine singular adjective - great/large",
"*yaṣṣîḇû*": "third person masculine plural hiphil imperfect consecutive - and they erected/set up",
"*gal*": "masculine singular construct - heap of",
"*ʾăḇānîm*": "feminine plural noun - stones",
"*gāḏôl*": "masculine singular adjective - great/large",
"*měʾōḏ*": "adverb - very/exceedingly",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*nāsû*": "third person masculine plural qal perfect - they fled",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man/everyone",
"*ʾōhālāyw*": "masculine plural noun with third person masculine singular suffix - to his tents"
},
"variants": {
"*yiqqěḥû*": "took/carried",
"*yaššlîḵû*": "threw/cast/flung",
"*yaʿar*": "forest/woods/thicket",
"*paḥaṯ*": "pit/hole/deep place",
"*yaṣṣîḇû*": "erected/set up/raised",
"*gal*": "heap/pile/mound",
"*ʾăḇānîm*": "stones/rocks",
"*nāsû*": "fled/escaped/scattered",
"*ʾōhālāyw*": "to his tents/to his home (possibly plural form with singular meaning)"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.18.18",
"source": "וְאַבְשָׁלֹ֣ם לָקַ֗ח וַיַּצֶּב־ל֤וֹ בְחַיָּיו֙ אֶת־מַצֶּ֙בֶת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּעֵֽמֶק־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כִּ֤י אָמַר֙ אֵֽין־לִ֣י בֵ֔ן בַּעֲב֖וּר הַזְכִּ֣יר שְׁמִ֑י וַיִּקְרָ֤א לַמַּצֶּ֙בֶת֙ עַל־שְׁמ֔וֹ וַיִּקָּ֤רֵא לָהּ֙ יַ֣ד אַבְשָׁלֹ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃",
"text": "And-*ʾAḇšālōm* *lāqaḥ* and-*yaṣṣeḇ*-to-him in-*ḥayyāyw* *ʾeṯ*-*maṣṣeḇeṯ* which in-*ʿēmeq*-the-*meleḵ* because *ʾāmar* not-to-me *bēn* for-the-sake-of *hazkîr* *šěmî* and-*yiqqrāʾ* to-the-*maṣṣeḇeṯ* upon-*šěmô* and-*yiqqārēʾ* to-her *yaḏ* *ʾAḇšālōm* until the-*yôm* the-*zeh*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾAḇšālōm*": "proper noun - Absalom",
"*lāqaḥ*": "third person masculine singular qal perfect - he took/had taken",
"*yaṣṣeḇ*": "third person masculine singular hiphil imperfect consecutive - and he erected/set up",
"*ḥayyāyw*": "masculine plural noun with third person masculine singular suffix - his life/lifetime",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*maṣṣeḇeṯ*": "feminine singular noun - pillar/monument",
"*ʿēmeq*": "masculine singular construct - valley of",
"*meleḵ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king",
"*ʾāmar*": "third person masculine singular qal perfect - he said",
"*bēn*": "masculine singular noun - son",
"*hazkîr*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to remember/to keep in remembrance",
"*šěmî*": "masculine singular noun with first person singular suffix - my name",
"*yiqqrāʾ*": "third person masculine singular qal imperfect consecutive - and he called",
"*maṣṣeḇeṯ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the pillar/monument",
"*šěmô*": "masculine singular noun with third person masculine singular suffix - his name",
"*yiqqārēʾ*": "third person masculine singular niphal imperfect consecutive - and it is called",
"*yaḏ*": "feminine singular construct - hand/monument of",
"*ʾAḇšālōm*": "proper noun - Absalom",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day",
"*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this"
},
"variants": {
"*lāqaḥ*": "took/had taken",
"*yaṣṣeḇ*": "erected/set up/established",
"*ḥayyāyw*": "his lifetime/during his life/while he was alive",
"*maṣṣeḇeṯ*": "pillar/monument/standing stone",
"*ʿēmeq*": "valley/plain",
"*hazkîr*": "to cause to remember/to keep in remembrance/to memorialize",
"*yiqqrāʾ*": "called/named",
"*yiqqārēʾ*": "it is called/it is named",
"*yaḏ*": "monument/memorial/hand (as a monument)"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.18.19",
"source": "וַאֲחִימַ֤עַץ בֶּן־צָדוֹק֙ אָמַ֔ר אָר֣וּצָה נָּ֔א וַאֲבַשְּׂרָ֖ה אֶת־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כִּי־שְׁפָט֥וֹ יְהוָ֖ה מִיַּ֥ד אֹיְבָֽיו׃",
"text": "And-*ʾĂḥîmaʿaṣ* *ben*-*Ṣāḏôq* *ʾāmar* *ʾārûṣâ* *nāʾ* and-*ʾăḇaśśěrâ* *ʾeṯ*-the-*meleḵ* that-*šěp̄āṭô* *YHWH* from-*yaḏ* *ʾōyěḇāyw*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾĂḥîmaʿaṣ*": "proper noun - Ahimaaz",
"*ben*": "masculine singular construct - son of",
"*Ṣāḏôq*": "proper noun - Zadok",
"*ʾāmar*": "third person masculine singular qal perfect - he said",
"*ʾārûṣâ*": "first person singular qal imperfect cohortative - let me run",
"*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now",
"*ʾăḇaśśěrâ*": "first person singular piel imperfect cohortative - let me bring good news",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*meleḵ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king",
"*šěp̄āṭô*": "third person masculine singular qal perfect with third person masculine singular suffix - he has judged him",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh",
"*yaḏ*": "feminine singular construct - hand of",
"*ʾōyěḇāyw*": "masculine plural noun with third person masculine singular suffix - his enemies"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾārûṣâ*": "let me run/I will run",
"*nāʾ*": "please/I pray/now",
"*ʾăḇaśśěrâ*": "let me bring good news/let me carry news/let me inform",
"*šěp̄āṭô*": "judged him/vindicated him/delivered him",
"*yaḏ*": "hand/power/control"
}
}