38 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.38",
"source": "עַ֣ל כָּל־גַּגּ֥וֹת מוֹאָ֛ב וּבִרְחֹבֹתֶ֖יהָ כֻּלֹּ֣ה מִסְפֵּ֑ד כִּֽי־שָׁבַ֣רְתִּי אֶת־מוֹאָ֗ב כִּכְלִ֛י אֵֽין־חֵ֥פֶץ בּ֖וֹ נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "Upon all *gaggôt* *mōʾāb* and in *birḥōbōteyhā* all of it *mispēd* because *šābartî* *ʾet-mōʾāb* like *kelî* *ʾên-ḥēpeṣ* in it *neʾum-YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*gaggôt*": "noun, masculine plural, construct - roofs of",
"*mōʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*birḥōbōteyhā*": "noun with possessive suffix and prefix, feminine plural - in its streets",
"*mispēd*": "noun, masculine singular - lamentation/wailing",
"*šābartî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I have broken",
"*ʾet-mōʾāb*": "direct object marker with proper noun - Moab",
"*kelî*": "noun, masculine singular - vessel/implement",
"*ʾên-ḥēpeṣ*": "construct chain - no delight/pleasure",
"*neʾum-YHWH*": "construct chain - declaration of YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*gaggôt*": "roofs/housetops",
"*birḥōbōteyhā*": "in its streets/squares/open places",
"*mispēd*": "lamentation/wailing/mourning",
"*šābartî*": "I have broken/shattered/smashed",
"*kelî*": "vessel/implement/utensil",
"*ʾên-ḥēpeṣ*": "no delight/no pleasure/not desired",
"*neʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle"
}
}
39 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.39",
"source": "אֵ֥יךְ חַ֙תָּה֙ הֵילִ֔ילוּ אֵ֛יךְ הִפְנָה־עֹ֥רֶף מוֹאָ֖ב בּ֑וֹשׁ וְהָיָ֥ה מוֹאָ֛ב לִשְׂחֹ֥ק וְלִמְחִתָּ֖ה לְכָל־סְבִיבָֽיו׃ ס",
"text": "How *ḥattāh* *hēylîlû*! How *hiphənāh-ʿōreph* *Môʾāb* *bôsh*! *wə-hāyāh* *Môʾāb* for *śəḥōq* and for *məḥittāh* to all *səbîbāyw*.",
"grammar": {
"*ḥattāh*": "3rd person feminine singular perfect - is broken/shattered/dismayed",
"*hēylîlû*": "imperative plural - wail/howl",
"*hiphənāh-ʿōreph*": "3rd person singular Hiphil perfect with noun - has turned (the) neck/back",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*bôsh*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect - is ashamed/put to shame",
"*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction with 3rd person masculine singular perfect - and has become",
"*śəḥōq*": "masculine singular noun - derision/laughter/mockery",
"*məḥittāh*": "feminine singular noun - terror/dismay/ruin",
"*səbîbāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its surroundings/neighbors"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥattāh*": "is broken/is shattered/is dismayed/is terrified",
"*hēylîlû*": "wail/howl/lament",
"*hiphənāh-ʿōreph*": "turned the back/fled/retreated",
"*bôsh*": "is ashamed/is disgraced/is humiliated",
"*məḥittāh*": "terror/dismay/ruin/object of horror"
}
}
40 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.40",
"source": "כִּי־כֹה֙ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנֵּ֥ה כַנֶּ֖שֶׁר יִדְאֶ֑ה וּפָרַ֥שׂ כְּנָפָ֖יו אֶל־מוֹאָֽב׃",
"text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH*, *hinnēh* like *hannesher* *yidʾeh* and *pāraś* *kənāphāyw* against *Môʾāb*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmar*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect - has said/spoken",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look",
"*hannesher*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the eagle/vulture",
"*yidʾeh*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal imperfect - he will swoop/fly",
"*pāraś*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal perfect with waw consecutive - and he will spread out",
"*kənāphāyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wings",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab"
},
"variants": {
"*hannesher*": "eagle/vulture/large bird of prey",
"*yidʾeh*": "will swoop down/will soar/will fly",
"*pāraś*": "spread out/stretch out/extend"
}
}
41 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.41",
"source": "נִלְכְּדָה֙ הַקְּרִיּ֔וֹת וְהַמְּצָד֖וֹת נִתְפָּ֑שָׂה וְֽ֠הָיָה לֵ֞ב גִּבּוֹרֵ֤י מוֹאָב֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא כְּלֵ֖ב אִשָּׁ֥ה מְצֵרָֽה׃",
"text": "*nilkədāh* *haqqəriyyôt* and *hamməṣādôt* *nitpāśāh* and *wəhāyāh* *lēb* *gibbôrêy* *Môʾāb* in *hayyôm* *hahûʾ* like *lēb* *ʾiššāh* *məṣērāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*nilkədāh*": "3rd person feminine singular Niphal perfect - is captured/seized",
"*haqqəriyyôt*": "definite article with feminine plural noun - the cities/towns",
"*hamməṣādôt*": "definite article with feminine plural noun - the strongholds/fortresses",
"*nitpāśāh*": "3rd person feminine singular Niphal perfect - is seized/captured",
"*wəhāyāh*": "conjunction with 3rd person masculine singular perfect - and has become",
"*lēb*": "masculine singular construct - heart of",
"*gibbôrêy*": "masculine plural construct - mighty men/warriors of",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the day",
"*hahûʾ*": "definite article with demonstrative pronoun - that",
"*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun - woman",
"*məṣērāh*": "feminine singular Piel participle - in labor/distress"
},
"variants": {
"*haqqəriyyôt*": "the cities/the towns/possibly specific place name Kerioth",
"*hamməṣādôt*": "the strongholds/the fortresses/the fortifications",
"*nitpāśāh*": "is seized/is captured/is taken",
"*gibbôrêy*": "mighty men/warriors/heroes",
"*məṣērāh*": "in labor/in childbirth pain/in distress"
}
}
42 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.42",
"source": "וְנִשְׁמַ֥ד מוֹאָ֖ב מֵעָ֑ם כִּ֥י עַל־יְהוָ֖ה הִגְדִּֽיל׃",
"text": "And *nishəmad* *Môʾāb* from *ʿām* because against *YHWH* *higədîl*.",
"grammar": {
"*nishəmad*": "3rd person masculine singular Niphal perfect - is destroyed/exterminated",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun - people/nation",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*higədîl*": "3rd person masculine singular Hiphil perfect - he magnified/boasted"
},
"variants": {
"*nishəmad*": "is destroyed/is annihilated/ceases to exist as",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation/populated place",
"*higədîl*": "magnified himself/boasted/exalted himself"
}
}
43 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.43",
"source": "פַּ֥חַד וָפַ֖חַת וָפָ֑ח עָלֶ֛יךָ יוֹשֵׁ֥ב מוֹאָ֖ב נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "*paḥad* and *pāḥat* and *pāḥ* upon you *yôshēb* *Môʾāb* *nəʾum-YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*paḥad*": "masculine singular noun - terror/dread",
"*pāḥat*": "feminine singular noun - pit/trap",
"*pāḥ*": "masculine singular noun - snare/trap",
"*yôshēb*": "masculine singular Qal participle construct - inhabitant/dweller of",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*paḥad*": "terror/dread/panic",
"*pāḥat*": "pit/hole/trap",
"*pāḥ*": "snare/trap/bird net",
"*yôshēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident",
"*nəʾum-YHWH*": "declaration of YHWH/utterance of the LORD/oracle of YHWH"
}
}