32 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.32",
"source": "מִבְּכִ֨י יַעְזֵ֤ר אֶבְכֶּה־לָּךְ֙ הַגֶּ֣פֶן שִׂבְמָ֔ה נְטִֽישֹׁתַ֙יִךְ֙ עָ֣בְרוּ יָ֔ם עַ֛ד יָ֥ם יַעְזֵ֖ר נָגָ֑עוּ עַל־קֵיצֵ֥ךְ וְעַל־בְּצִירֵ֖ךְ שֹׁדֵ֥ד נָפָֽל׃",
"text": "With *bekî* *yaʿzēr* *ʾebkeh-lāk* the *hagepen* *śibmâ* *neṭîšōtayik* *ʿābrû* *yām* unto *yām* *yaʿzēr* *nāgāʿû* upon *qêṣēk* and upon *beṣîrēk* *šōdēd* *nāpāl*",
"grammar": {
"*bekî*": "noun, masculine singular, construct - weeping of",
"*yaʿzēr*": "proper noun - Jazer (city)",
"*ʾebkeh-lāk*": "imperfect with suffix, 1st singular - I will weep for you",
"*hagepen*": "noun with definite article, feminine singular - the vine",
"*śibmâ*": "proper noun - Sibmah (city)",
"*neṭîšōtayik*": "noun with possessive suffix, feminine plural - your shoots/tendrils",
"*ʿābrû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they crossed over",
"*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea",
"*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea",
"*yaʿzēr*": "proper noun - Jazer (city)",
"*nāgāʿû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they reached/touched",
"*qêṣēk*": "noun with possessive suffix, masculine singular - your summer fruit",
"*beṣîrēk*": "noun with possessive suffix, masculine singular - your grape harvest",
"*šōdēd*": "participle, masculine singular - destroyer/spoiler",
"*nāpāl*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has fallen/come"
},
"variants": {
"*bekî*": "weeping/crying",
"*ʾebkeh*": "I will weep/cry/mourn",
"*gepen*": "vine/vineyard",
"*neṭîšōtayik*": "your shoots/tendrils/branches",
"*ʿābrû*": "crossed over/passed through/spread",
"*yām*": "sea/large body of water",
"*nāgāʿû*": "reached/touched/extended to",
"*qêṣēk*": "your summer fruit/harvest",
"*beṣîrēk*": "your grape harvest/vintage",
"*šōdēd*": "destroyer/spoiler/ravager",
"*nāpāl*": "has fallen/come/descended upon"
}
}
33 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.33",
"source": "וְנֶאֶסְפָ֨ה שִׂמְחָ֥ה וָגִ֛יל מִכַּרְמֶ֖ל וּמֵאֶ֣רֶץ מוֹאָ֑ב וְיַ֙יִן֙ מִיקָבִ֣ים הִשְׁבַּ֔תִּי לֹֽא־יִדְרֹ֣ךְ הֵידָ֔ד הֵידָ֖ד לֹ֥א הֵידָֽד׃",
"text": "And *neʾespâ* *śimḥâ* and *wāgîl* from *karmel* and from *ʾereṣ* *mōʾāb* and *yayin* from *mîqābîm* *hišbattî* not *yidrōk* *hêdād* *hêdād* not *hêdād*",
"grammar": {
"*neʾespâ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is gathered/taken away",
"*śimḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - joy/gladness",
"*wāgîl*": "noun with waw-consecutive, masculine singular - and rejoicing",
"*karmel*": "noun, masculine singular - fruitful field/plantation",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular, construct - land of",
"*mōʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*yayin*": "noun, masculine singular - wine",
"*mîqābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - from wine-presses",
"*hišbattî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I have caused to cease",
"*yidrōk*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he treads",
"*hêdād*": "interjection - shout of joy (during treading)"
},
"variants": {
"*neʾespâ*": "is gathered/taken away/removed",
"*śimḥâ*": "joy/gladness/mirth",
"*gîl*": "rejoicing/joy/gladness",
"*karmel*": "fruitful field/plantation/orchard",
"*ʾereṣ*": "land/country/territory",
"*yayin*": "wine/fermented drink",
"*mîqābîm*": "wine-presses/vats",
"*hišbattî*": "I have caused to cease/made to stop",
"*yidrōk*": "he treads/presses/tramples",
"*hêdād*": "shout of joy/vintage cry (during wine treading)"
}
}
34 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.34",
"source": "מִזַּעֲקַ֨ת חֶשְׁבּ֜וֹן עַד־אֶלְעָלֵ֗ה עַד־יַ֙הַץ֙ נָתְנ֣וּ קוֹלָ֔ם מִצֹּ֙עַר֙ עַד־חֹ֣רֹנַ֔יִם עֶגְלַ֖ת שְׁלִֽשִׁיָּ֑ה כִּ֚י גַּם־מֵ֣י נִמְרִ֔ים לִמְשַׁמּ֖וֹת יִהְיֽוּ׃",
"text": "From *zaʿaqat* *ḥešbôn* unto *ʾelʿālēh* unto *yahaṣ* *nātnû* *qôlām* from *ṣōʿar* unto *ḥōrōnayim* *ʿeglat* *šelišîyâ* because also *mê* *nimrîm* to *mešammôt* *yihyû*",
"grammar": {
"*zaʿaqat*": "noun, feminine singular, construct - cry of",
"*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon (city)",
"*ʾelʿālēh*": "proper noun - Elealeh (city)",
"*yahaṣ*": "proper noun - Jahaz (city)",
"*nātnû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they have given",
"*qôlām*": "noun with possessive suffix, masculine singular - their voice",
"*ṣōʿar*": "proper noun - Zoar (city)",
"*ḥōrōnayim*": "proper noun - Horonaim (city)",
"*ʿeglat*": "noun, feminine singular, construct - heifer of",
"*šelišîyâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - three year old",
"*mê*": "noun, masculine plural, construct - waters of",
"*nimrîm*": "proper noun - Nimrim",
"*mešammôt*": "noun, feminine plural - desolations",
"*yihyû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be"
},
"variants": {
"*zaʿaqat*": "cry/outcry/scream",
"*nātnû*": "they have given/uttered/raised",
"*qôlām*": "their voice/sound",
"*ʿeglat šelišîyâ*": "heifer of three years old/third heifer",
"*mê*": "waters/streams",
"*mešammôt*": "desolations/wastes/ruins",
"*yihyû*": "they will be/become/exist"
}
}
35 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.35",
"source": "וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֥י לְמוֹאָ֖ב נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה מַעֲלֶ֣ה בָמָ֔ה וּמַקְטִ֖יר לֵאלֹהָֽיו׃",
"text": "And *hišbattî* for *mōʾāb* *neʾum-YHWH* *maʿaleh* *bāmâ* and *maqṭîr* to *ʾelōhāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*hišbattî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will cause to cease",
"*mōʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*neʾum-YHWH*": "construct chain - declaration of YHWH",
"*maʿaleh*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - one who offers up",
"*bāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - high place/altar",
"*maqṭîr*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - one who burns incense",
"*ʾelōhāyw*": "noun with possessive suffix, masculine plural - his gods"
},
"variants": {
"*hišbattî*": "I will cause to cease/make to stop/put an end to",
"*neʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle",
"*maʿaleh*": "one who offers up/brings up/sacrifices at",
"*bāmâ*": "high place/altar/shrine",
"*maqṭîr*": "one who burns incense/offers sacrifice",
"*ʾelōhāyw*": "his gods/deities"
}
}
36 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.36",
"source": "עַל־כֵּ֞ן לִבִּ֤י לְמוֹאָב֙ כַּחֲלִלִ֣ים יֶהֱמֶ֔ה וְלִבִּי֙ אֶל־אַנְשֵׁ֣י קִֽיר־חֶ֔רֶשׂ כַּחֲלִילִ֖ים יֶהֱמֶ֑ה עַל־כֵּ֛ן יִתְרַ֥ת עָשָׂ֖ה אָבָֽדוּ׃",
"text": "Therefore *libbî* for *mōʾāb* like *ḥalilîm* *yehĕmeh* and *libbî* to *ʾanšê* *qîr-ḥereś* like *ḥalîlîm* *yehĕmeh* therefore *yitrat* *ʿāśâ* *ʾābādû*",
"grammar": {
"*libbî*": "noun with possessive suffix, masculine singular - my heart",
"*mōʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*ḥalilîm*": "noun, masculine plural - flutes/pipes",
"*yehĕmeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it moans/sounds",
"*libbî*": "noun with possessive suffix, masculine singular - my heart",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural, construct - men of",
"*qîr-ḥereś*": "compound proper noun - Kir-heres (city)",
"*ḥalîlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - flutes/pipes",
"*yehĕmeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it moans/sounds",
"*yitrat*": "noun, feminine singular, construct - abundance of",
"*ʿāśâ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he made/acquired",
"*ʾābādû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have perished"
},
"variants": {
"*libbî*": "my heart/inner self/mind",
"*ḥalilîm*": "flutes/pipes/wind instruments",
"*yehĕmeh*": "moans/sounds/groans/wails",
"*ʾanšê*": "men/people/inhabitants",
"*yitrat*": "abundance/excess/surplus",
"*ʿāśâ*": "he made/acquired/gained",
"*ʾābādû*": "they have perished/been destroyed/lost"
}
}
37 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.37",
"source": "כִּ֤י כָל־רֹאשׁ֙ קָרְחָ֔ה וְכָל־זָקָ֖ן גְּרֻעָ֑ה עַ֤ל כָּל־יָדַ֙יִם֙ גְּדֻדֹ֔ת וְעַל־מָתְנַ֖יִם שָֽׂק׃",
"text": "Because every *rōʾš* *qorḥâ* and every *zāqān* *geruʿâ* upon all *yādayim* *gedudōt* and upon *motnayim* *śāq*",
"grammar": {
"*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular - head",
"*qorḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - baldness",
"*zāqān*": "noun, masculine singular - beard",
"*geruʿâ*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular - cut off/clipped",
"*yādayim*": "noun, feminine dual - hands",
"*gedudōt*": "qal passive participle, feminine plural - cut/gashed",
"*motnayim*": "noun, masculine dual - loins/waist",
"*śāq*": "noun, masculine singular - sackcloth"
},
"variants": {
"*rōʾš*": "head/top/chief",
"*qorḥâ*": "baldness/bald spot",
"*zāqān*": "beard/chin",
"*geruʿâ*": "cut off/clipped/diminished",
"*yādayim*": "hands/arms",
"*gedudōt*": "cut/gashed/with incisions",
"*motnayim*": "loins/waist/hips",
"*śāq*": "sackcloth/mourning garment"
}
}
38 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.38",
"source": "עַ֣ל כָּל־גַּגּ֥וֹת מוֹאָ֛ב וּבִרְחֹבֹתֶ֖יהָ כֻּלֹּ֣ה מִסְפֵּ֑ד כִּֽי־שָׁבַ֣רְתִּי אֶת־מוֹאָ֗ב כִּכְלִ֛י אֵֽין־חֵ֥פֶץ בּ֖וֹ נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "Upon all *gaggôt* *mōʾāb* and in *birḥōbōteyhā* all of it *mispēd* because *šābartî* *ʾet-mōʾāb* like *kelî* *ʾên-ḥēpeṣ* in it *neʾum-YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*gaggôt*": "noun, masculine plural, construct - roofs of",
"*mōʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*birḥōbōteyhā*": "noun with possessive suffix and prefix, feminine plural - in its streets",
"*mispēd*": "noun, masculine singular - lamentation/wailing",
"*šābartî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I have broken",
"*ʾet-mōʾāb*": "direct object marker with proper noun - Moab",
"*kelî*": "noun, masculine singular - vessel/implement",
"*ʾên-ḥēpeṣ*": "construct chain - no delight/pleasure",
"*neʾum-YHWH*": "construct chain - declaration of YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*gaggôt*": "roofs/housetops",
"*birḥōbōteyhā*": "in its streets/squares/open places",
"*mispēd*": "lamentation/wailing/mourning",
"*šābartî*": "I have broken/shattered/smashed",
"*kelî*": "vessel/implement/utensil",
"*ʾên-ḥēpeṣ*": "no delight/no pleasure/not desired",
"*neʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle"
}
}
39 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.39",
"source": "אֵ֥יךְ חַ֙תָּה֙ הֵילִ֔ילוּ אֵ֛יךְ הִפְנָה־עֹ֥רֶף מוֹאָ֖ב בּ֑וֹשׁ וְהָיָ֥ה מוֹאָ֛ב לִשְׂחֹ֥ק וְלִמְחִתָּ֖ה לְכָל־סְבִיבָֽיו׃ ס",
"text": "How *ḥattāh* *hēylîlû*! How *hiphənāh-ʿōreph* *Môʾāb* *bôsh*! *wə-hāyāh* *Môʾāb* for *śəḥōq* and for *məḥittāh* to all *səbîbāyw*.",
"grammar": {
"*ḥattāh*": "3rd person feminine singular perfect - is broken/shattered/dismayed",
"*hēylîlû*": "imperative plural - wail/howl",
"*hiphənāh-ʿōreph*": "3rd person singular Hiphil perfect with noun - has turned (the) neck/back",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*bôsh*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect - is ashamed/put to shame",
"*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction with 3rd person masculine singular perfect - and has become",
"*śəḥōq*": "masculine singular noun - derision/laughter/mockery",
"*məḥittāh*": "feminine singular noun - terror/dismay/ruin",
"*səbîbāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its surroundings/neighbors"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥattāh*": "is broken/is shattered/is dismayed/is terrified",
"*hēylîlû*": "wail/howl/lament",
"*hiphənāh-ʿōreph*": "turned the back/fled/retreated",
"*bôsh*": "is ashamed/is disgraced/is humiliated",
"*məḥittāh*": "terror/dismay/ruin/object of horror"
}
}
40 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.40",
"source": "כִּי־כֹה֙ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנֵּ֥ה כַנֶּ֖שֶׁר יִדְאֶ֑ה וּפָרַ֥שׂ כְּנָפָ֖יו אֶל־מוֹאָֽב׃",
"text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH*, *hinnēh* like *hannesher* *yidʾeh* and *pāraś* *kənāphāyw* against *Môʾāb*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmar*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect - has said/spoken",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look",
"*hannesher*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the eagle/vulture",
"*yidʾeh*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal imperfect - he will swoop/fly",
"*pāraś*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal perfect with waw consecutive - and he will spread out",
"*kənāphāyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wings",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab"
},
"variants": {
"*hannesher*": "eagle/vulture/large bird of prey",
"*yidʾeh*": "will swoop down/will soar/will fly",
"*pāraś*": "spread out/stretch out/extend"
}
}
41 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.41",
"source": "נִלְכְּדָה֙ הַקְּרִיּ֔וֹת וְהַמְּצָד֖וֹת נִתְפָּ֑שָׂה וְֽ֠הָיָה לֵ֞ב גִּבּוֹרֵ֤י מוֹאָב֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא כְּלֵ֖ב אִשָּׁ֥ה מְצֵרָֽה׃",
"text": "*nilkədāh* *haqqəriyyôt* and *hamməṣādôt* *nitpāśāh* and *wəhāyāh* *lēb* *gibbôrêy* *Môʾāb* in *hayyôm* *hahûʾ* like *lēb* *ʾiššāh* *məṣērāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*nilkədāh*": "3rd person feminine singular Niphal perfect - is captured/seized",
"*haqqəriyyôt*": "definite article with feminine plural noun - the cities/towns",
"*hamməṣādôt*": "definite article with feminine plural noun - the strongholds/fortresses",
"*nitpāśāh*": "3rd person feminine singular Niphal perfect - is seized/captured",
"*wəhāyāh*": "conjunction with 3rd person masculine singular perfect - and has become",
"*lēb*": "masculine singular construct - heart of",
"*gibbôrêy*": "masculine plural construct - mighty men/warriors of",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the day",
"*hahûʾ*": "definite article with demonstrative pronoun - that",
"*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun - woman",
"*məṣērāh*": "feminine singular Piel participle - in labor/distress"
},
"variants": {
"*haqqəriyyôt*": "the cities/the towns/possibly specific place name Kerioth",
"*hamməṣādôt*": "the strongholds/the fortresses/the fortifications",
"*nitpāśāh*": "is seized/is captured/is taken",
"*gibbôrêy*": "mighty men/warriors/heroes",
"*məṣērāh*": "in labor/in childbirth pain/in distress"
}
}
42 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.42",
"source": "וְנִשְׁמַ֥ד מוֹאָ֖ב מֵעָ֑ם כִּ֥י עַל־יְהוָ֖ה הִגְדִּֽיל׃",
"text": "And *nishəmad* *Môʾāb* from *ʿām* because against *YHWH* *higədîl*.",
"grammar": {
"*nishəmad*": "3rd person masculine singular Niphal perfect - is destroyed/exterminated",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun - people/nation",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*higədîl*": "3rd person masculine singular Hiphil perfect - he magnified/boasted"
},
"variants": {
"*nishəmad*": "is destroyed/is annihilated/ceases to exist as",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation/populated place",
"*higədîl*": "magnified himself/boasted/exalted himself"
}
}