8{
"verseID": "Isaiah.16.8",
"source": "כִּ֣י שַׁדְמוֹת֩ חֶשְׁבּ֨וֹן אֻמְלָ֜ל גֶּ֣פֶן שִׂבְמָ֗ה בַּעֲלֵ֤י גוֹיִם֙ הָלְמ֣וּ שְׂרוּקֶּ֔יהָ עַד־יַעְזֵ֥ר נָגָ֖עוּ תָּ֣עוּ מִדְבָּ֑ר שְׁלֻ֣חוֹתֶ֔יהָ נִטְּשׁ֖וּ עָ֥בְרוּ יָֽם",
"text": "For *šadmôt* *ḥešbôn* *ʾumlāl* *gepen* *śibmāh* *baʿălê* *gôyim* *hālmû* *śərûqqeyhā* until-*yaʿzēr* *nāgāʿû* *tāʿû* *midbār* *šəluḥôteyhā* *niṭṭəšû* *ʿābrû* *yām*",
"grammar": {
"*šadmôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - fields of",
"*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon",
"*ʾumlāl*": "verb, pulal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - are withered/dried up",
"*gepen*": "noun, feminine singular construct - vine of",
"*śibmāh*": "proper noun - Sibmah",
"*baʿălê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - lords/masters of",
"*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations",
"*hālmû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - have struck down/beaten",
"*śərûqqeyhā*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its choice branches",
"*yaʿzēr*": "proper noun - Jazer",
"*nāgāʿû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they reached",
"*tāʿû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they wandered",
"*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert",
"*šəluḥôteyhā*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its shoots/tendrils",
"*niṭṭəšû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd plural - were spread out/extended",
"*ʿābrû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they crossed over",
"*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾumlāl*": "withered/dried up/languishing",
"*baʿălê gôyim*": "lords of nations/rulers of nations/masters of nations",
"*hālmû*": "struck down/beaten/broken",
"*śərûqqeyhā*": "its choice branches/its vine tendrils/its red shoots",
"*tāʿû midbār*": "wandered into the wilderness/strayed into the desert",
"*šəluḥôteyhā*": "its shoots/its tendrils/its extensions",
"*niṭṭəšû*": "were spread out/were extended/were abandoned"
}
}
9{
"verseID": "Isaiah.16.9",
"source": "עַל־כֵּ֡ן אֶבְכֶּ֞ה בִּבְכִ֤י יַעְזֵר֙ גֶּ֣פֶן שִׂבְמָ֔ה אֲרַיָּ֙וֶךְ֙ דִּמְעָתִ֔י חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן וְאֶלְעָלֵ֑ה כִּ֧י עַל־קֵיצֵ֛ךְ וְעַל־קְצִירֵ֖ךְ הֵידָ֥ד נָפָֽל",
"text": "Therefore *ʾebkeh* with-weeping-of *yaʿzēr* *gepen* *śibmāh* *ʾărayyāwek* *dimʿātî* *ḥešbôn* *wəʾelʿālēh* for upon-*qêṣēk* and-upon-*qəṣîrēk* *hêdād* *nāpāl*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾebkeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will weep",
"*yaʿzēr*": "proper noun - Jazer",
"*gepen*": "noun, feminine singular construct - vine of",
"*śibmāh*": "proper noun - Sibmah",
"*ʾărayyāwek*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will drench you",
"*dimʿātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my tears",
"*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon",
"*wəʾelʿālēh*": "conjunction ו + proper noun - and Elealeh",
"*qêṣēk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your summer fruit",
"*qəṣîrēk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your harvest",
"*hêdād*": "noun, masculine singular - shouting/battle cry",
"*nāpāl*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has fallen"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾărayyāwek*": "I will drench you/I will saturate you/I will water you",
"*qêṣēk*": "your summer fruit/your summer crops",
"*qəṣîrēk*": "your harvest/your reaping",
"*hêdād*": "shouting/joyful shouting/battle cry/harvest shout/enemy battle cry"
}
}
10{
"verseID": "Isaiah.16.10",
"source": "וְנֶאֱסַ֨ף שִׂמְחָ֤ה וָגִיל֙ מִן־הַכַּרְמֶ֔ל וּבַכְּרָמִ֥ים לֹֽא־יְרֻנָּ֖ן לֹ֣א יְרֹעָ֑ע יַ֗יִן בַּיְקָבִ֛ים לֹֽא־יִדְרֹ֥ךְ הַדֹּרֵ֖ךְ הֵידָ֥ד הִשְׁבַּֽתִּי",
"text": "*wəneʾĕsap* *śimḥāh* *wāgîl* from-the-*karmel* and-in-the-*kərāmîm* not-*yərunnān* not *yərōʿāʿ* *yayin* in-the-*yəqābîm* not-*yidrōk* the-*dōrēk* *hêdād* *hišbattî*",
"grammar": {
"*wəneʾĕsap*": "conjunction ו + verb, niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and is taken away",
"*śimḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - joy/gladness",
"*wāgîl*": "conjunction ו + noun, masculine singular - and rejoicing",
"*karmel*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the fruitful field",
"*kərāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article and preposition ב - in the vineyards",
"*yərunnān*": "verb, pual imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - is sung joyfully",
"*yərōʿāʿ*": "verb, polal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - is shouted",
"*yayin*": "noun, masculine singular - wine",
"*yəqābîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article and preposition ב - in the wine vats",
"*yidrōk*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - treads",
"*dōrēk*": "participle, qal masculine singular with definite article - the treader",
"*hêdād*": "noun, masculine singular - shouting/battle cry",
"*hišbattî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I have caused to cease"
},
"variants": {
"*karmel*": "fruitful field/cultivated land/orchard",
"*yərunnān*": "is sung joyfully/songs of joy are sung",
"*yərōʿāʿ*": "is shouted/shouts of joy are given",
"*dōrēk*": "treader/one who tramples (grapes)",
"*hêdād*": "shouting/joyful harvest cry",
"*hišbattî*": "I have caused to cease/I have made to cease/I have brought to an end"
}
}
11{
"verseID": "Isaiah.16.11",
"source": "עַל־כֵּן֙ מֵעַ֣י לְמוֹאָ֔ב כַּכִּנּ֖וֹר יֶֽהֱמ֑וּ וְקִרְבִּ֖י לְקִ֥יר חָֽרֶשׂ",
"text": "Therefore *mēʿay* for-*môʾāb* like-the-*kinnôr* *yehĕmû* *wəqirbî* for-*qîr* *ḥāreś*",
"grammar": {
"*mēʿay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st singular suffix - my bowels/inward parts",
"*môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*kinnôr*": "noun, masculine singular with prefix כ - like the lyre/harp",
"*yehĕmû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they moan/murmur",
"*wəqirbî*": "conjunction ו + noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - and my inward parts",
"*qîr*": "noun, masculine singular - wall/city of",
"*ḥāreś*": "proper noun - Heres (Kir Heres)"
},
"variants": {
"*mēʿay*": "my bowels/my inward parts/my heart (as seat of emotions)",
"*yehĕmû*": "they moan/they murmur/they sound (like instrument strings)",
"*qirbî*": "my inward parts/my heart/my inner being",
"*qîr ḥāreś*": "Kir Heres/Kir Hareseth (city name)"
}
}
12{
"verseID": "Isaiah.16.12",
"source": "וְהָיָ֧ה כִֽי־נִרְאָ֛ה כִּֽי־נִלְאָ֥ה מוֹאָ֖ב עַל־הַבָּמָ֑ה וּבָ֧א אֶל־מִקְדָּשׁ֛וֹ לְהִתְפַּלֵּ֖ל וְלֹ֥א יוּכָֽל",
"text": "*wəhāyāh* when-*nirʾāh* when-*nilʾāh* *môʾāb* upon-the-*bāmāh* *ûbā* to-*miqdāšô* *ləhitpallēl* *wəlōʾ* *yûkāl*",
"grammar": {
"*wəhāyāh*": "conjunction ו + verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it will happen",
"*nirʾāh*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is seen/appears",
"*nilʾāh*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is weary/exhausted",
"*môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*bāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the high place",
"*ûbā*": "conjunction ו + verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and comes",
"*miqdāšô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sanctuary",
"*ləhitpallēl*": "verb, hitpael infinitive construct with preposition ל - to pray",
"*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction ו + negative particle - and not",
"*yûkāl*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will be able"
},
"variants": {
"*nirʾāh*": "is seen/appears/presents himself",
"*nilʾāh*": "is weary/is exhausted/is tired",
"*bāmāh*": "high place/elevated shrine/place of worship",
"*miqdāšô*": "his sanctuary/his holy place/his temple"
}
}
13{
"verseID": "Isaiah.16.13",
"source": "זֶ֣ה הַדָּבָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֶל־מוֹאָ֖ב מֵאָֽז",
"text": "This the-*dābār* which *dibbēr* *Yhwh* unto-*môʾāb* from-*ʾāz*",
"grammar": {
"*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the word/matter",
"*dibbēr*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - spoke",
"*Yhwh*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*ʾāz*": "adverb - then/formerly/before"
},
"variants": {
"*dābār*": "word/matter/thing",
"*ʾāz*": "then/formerly/in the past/before"
}
}
14{
"verseID": "Isaiah.16.14",
"source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה דִּבֶּ֣ר יְהוָה֮ לֵאמֹר֒ בְּשָׁלֹ֤שׁ שָׁנִים֙ כִּשְׁנֵ֣י שָׂכִ֔יר וְנִקְלָה֙ כְּב֣וֹד מוֹאָ֔ב בְּכֹ֖ל הֶהָמ֣וֹן הָרָ֑ב וּשְׁאָ֥ר מְעַ֛ט מִזְעָ֖ר ל֥וֹא כַבִּֽיר",
"text": "*wəʿattāh* *dibbēr* *Yhwh* *lēʾmōr* in-*šālōš* *šānîm* as-years-of *śākîr* *wəniqlāh* *kəbôd* *môʾāb* with-all the-*hāmôn* the-great and-*šəʾār* *məʿaṭ* *mizʿār* not *kabbîr*",
"grammar": {
"*wəʿattāh*": "conjunction ו + adverb - and now",
"*dibbēr*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has spoken",
"*Yhwh*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD",
"*lēʾmōr*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*šālōš*": "number, feminine - three",
"*šānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - years",
"*śākîr*": "noun, masculine singular - hired worker",
"*wəniqlāh*": "conjunction ו + verb, niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will be dishonored",
"*kəbôd*": "noun, masculine singular construct - glory of",
"*môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*hāmôn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the multitude/abundance",
"*šəʾār*": "noun, masculine singular - remnant/remainder",
"*məʿaṭ*": "adjective, masculine singular - few/small",
"*mizʿār*": "adjective, masculine singular - very small/insignificant",
"*kabbîr*": "adjective, masculine singular - mighty/great"
},
"variants": {
"*šənê śākîr*": "years of a hired worker (precise/exact years)",
"*niqlāh*": "will be dishonored/will be brought into contempt/will be lightly esteemed",
"*kəbôd môʾāb*": "glory of Moab/splendor of Moab/wealth of Moab",
"*hāmôn*": "multitude/abundance/wealth/noise",
"*məʿaṭ mizʿār*": "very few/small and insignificant",
"*lōʾ kabbîr*": "not mighty/not many/not great/feeble"
}
}