2{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.2",
"source": "עֵ֥ת לָלֶ֖דֶת וְעֵ֣ת לָמ֑וּת עֵ֣ת לָטַ֔עַת וְעֵ֖ת לַעֲק֥וֹר נָטֽוּעַ׃",
"text": "*ʿēt* to-*lāleḏeṯ* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*lāmûṯ*, *ʿēt* to-*lāṭaʿaṯ* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*laʿăqôr* *nāṭûaʿ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of",
"*lā*": "preposition prefix - to/for",
"*leḏeṯ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to bear/give birth",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*mûṯ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to die",
"*lāṭaʿaṯ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to plant",
"*laʿăqôr*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to uproot/pluck up",
"*nāṭûaʿ*": "verb, qal passive participle - [what is] planted"
},
"variants": {
"*leḏeṯ*": "to bear/give birth/be born",
"*mûṯ*": "to die/death",
"*ṭaʿaṯ*": "to plant/set",
"*ʿăqôr*": "to uproot/pluck up/tear out",
"*nāṭûaʿ*": "planted thing/what is planted"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.3",
"source": "עֵ֤ת לַהֲרוֹג֙ וְעֵ֣ת לִרְפּ֔וֹא עֵ֥ת לִפְר֖וֹץ וְעֵ֥ת לִבְנֽוֹת׃",
"text": "*ʿēt* to-*lahărôḡ* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*lirpôʾ*, *ʿēt* to-*lip̄rôṣ* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*liḇnôṯ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of",
"*lַ*": "preposition prefix - to/for",
"*hărôḡ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to kill",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*lirpôʾ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to heal",
"*lip̄rôṣ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to break down/break through",
"*liḇnôṯ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to build"
},
"variants": {
"*hărôḡ*": "to kill/slay",
"*rpôʾ*": "to heal/cure/repair",
"*p̄rôṣ*": "to break down/break through/burst",
"*ḇnôṯ*": "to build/construct"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.4",
"source": "עֵ֤ת לִבְכּוֹת֙ וְעֵ֣ת לִשְׂח֔וֹק עֵ֥ת סְפ֖וֹד וְעֵ֥ת רְקֽוֹד׃",
"text": "*ʿēt* to-*liḇkôṯ* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*liśḥôq*, *ʿēt* *səp̄ôḏ* *wə*-*ʿēt* *rəqôḏ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of",
"*li*": "preposition prefix - to/for",
"*ḇkôṯ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to weep",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*liśḥôq*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to laugh",
"*səp̄ôḏ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to mourn/lament",
"*rəqôḏ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to dance"
},
"variants": {
"*ḇkôṯ*": "to weep/cry",
"*śḥôq*": "to laugh/rejoice",
"*səp̄ôḏ*": "to mourn/lament/wail",
"*rəqôḏ*": "to dance/skip about"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.5",
"source": "עֵ֚ת לְהַשְׁלִ֣יךְ אֲבָנִ֔ים וְעֵ֖ת כְּנ֣וֹס אֲבָנִ֑ים עֵ֣ת לַחֲב֔וֹק וְעֵ֖ת לִרְחֹ֥ק מֵחַבֵּֽק׃",
"text": "*ʿēt* to-*ləhašlîḵ* *ʾăḇānîm* *wə*-*ʿēt* *kənôs* *ʾăḇānîm*, *ʿēt* to-*laḥăḇôq* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*lirḥōq* from-*mēḥabbēq*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of",
"*lə*": "preposition prefix - to/for",
"*hašlîḵ*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to throw/cast",
"*ʾăḇānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - stones",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*kənôs*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to gather",
"*laḥăḇôq*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to embrace",
"*lirḥōq*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to refrain/keep far",
"*mē*": "preposition - from",
"*ḥabbēq*": "verb, piel infinitive construct - embracing"
},
"variants": {
"*hašlîḵ*": "to throw/cast away/fling",
"*kənôs*": "to gather/collect/assemble",
"*ʾăḇānîm*": "stones/rocks",
"*ḥăḇôq*": "to embrace/hug",
"*rḥōq*": "to refrain/keep far/be distant",
"*ḥabbēq*": "embracing/hugging"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.6",
"source": "עֵ֤ת לְבַקֵּשׁ֙ וְעֵ֣ת לְאַבֵּ֔ד עֵ֥ת לִשְׁמ֖וֹר וְעֵ֥ת לְהַשְׁלִֽיךְ׃",
"text": "*ʿēt* to-*ləḇaqqēš* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*ləʾabbēḏ*, *ʿēt* to-*lišmôr* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*ləhašlîḵ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of",
"*lə*": "preposition prefix - to/for",
"*ḇaqqēš*": "verb, piel infinitive construct - to seek",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾabbēḏ*": "verb, piel infinitive construct - to lose/destroy",
"*lišmôr*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to keep/guard",
"*ləhašlîḵ*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to throw away/cast away"
},
"variants": {
"*ḇaqqēš*": "to seek/search for/require",
"*ʾabbēḏ*": "to lose/destroy/give up as lost",
"*šmôr*": "to keep/guard/preserve/watch",
"*hašlîḵ*": "to throw away/cast away/discard"
}
}
7{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.7",
"source": "עֵ֤ת לִקְר֙וֹעַ֙ וְעֵ֣ת לִתְפּ֔וֹר עֵ֥ת לַחֲשׁ֖וֹת וְעֵ֥ת לְדַבֵּֽר׃",
"text": "*ʿēt* to-*liqrôaʿ* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*liṯpôr*, *ʿēt* to-*laḥăšôṯ* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*ləḏabbēr*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of",
"*li*": "preposition prefix - to/for",
"*qrôaʿ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to tear/rend",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*liṯpôr*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to sew",
"*laḥăšôṯ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to be silent",
"*ləḏabbēr*": "verb, piel infinitive construct - to speak"
},
"variants": {
"*qrôaʿ*": "to tear/rend/tear apart",
"*ṯpôr*": "to sew/mend",
"*ḥăšôṯ*": "to be silent/quiet/still",
"*ḏabbēr*": "to speak/talk/declare"
}
}
8{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.8",
"source": "עֵ֤ת לֶֽאֱהֹב֙ וְעֵ֣ת לִשְׂנֹ֔א עֵ֥ת מִלְחָמָ֖ה וְעֵ֥ת שָׁלֽוֹם׃ ס",
"text": "*ʿēt* to-*leʾĕhōḇ* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*liśnōʾ*, *ʿēt* *milḥāmâ* *wə*-*ʿēt* *šālôm*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of",
"*le*": "preposition prefix - to/for",
"*ʾĕhōḇ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to love",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*liśnōʾ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to hate",
"*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - war",
"*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾĕhōḇ*": "to love/like",
"*śnōʾ*": "to hate/detest",
"*milḥāmâ*": "war/battle/fighting",
"*šālôm*": "peace/completeness/welfare/friendship"
}
}
9{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.9",
"source": "מַה־יִּתְרוֹן֙ הָֽעוֹשֶׂ֔ה בַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר ה֥וּא עָמֵֽל׃",
"text": "What-*yiṯrôn* the-*ʿôśeh* in-*ʾăšer* he *ʿāmēl*",
"grammar": {
"*mah*": "interrogative pronoun - what",
"*yiṯrôn*": "noun, masculine singular - profit/advantage",
"*hā*": "definite article - the",
"*ʿôśeh*": "verb, qal active participle, masculine singular - doing/maker",
"*bə*": "preposition - in/with",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which/where",
"*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, masculine singular - he",
"*ʿāmēl*": "verb, qal active participle, masculine singular - laboring/toiling"
},
"variants": {
"*yiṯrôn*": "profit/advantage/gain",
"*ʿôśeh*": "doer/maker/worker",
"*ʾăšer*": "that/which/when/where",
"*ʿāmēl*": "laboring/toiling/working hard"
}
}
10{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.10",
"source": "רָאִ֣יתִי אֶת־הָֽעִנְיָ֗ן אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֧ן אֱלֹהִ֛ים לִבְנֵ֥י הָאָדָ֖ם לַעֲנ֥וֹת בּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*rāʾîṯî* *ʾeṯ*-the-*ʿinyān* *ʾăšer* *nāṯan* *ʾĕlōhîm* to-*ḇənê* the-*ʾāḏām* to-*laʿănôṯ* in-him",
"grammar": {
"*rāʾîṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I saw/have seen",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*hā*": "definite article - the",
"*ʿinyān*": "noun, masculine singular - task/business/occupation",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which",
"*nāṯan*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gave",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (with singular meaning) - God",
"*li*": "preposition prefix - to/for",
"*ḇənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*hā*": "definite article - the",
"*ʾāḏām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind/humanity",
"*lə*": "preposition prefix - to/for",
"*ʿănôṯ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to be occupied/busy",
"*bô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in it/him"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʾîṯî*": "I saw/observed/perceived",
"*ʿinyān*": "task/business/occupation/travail",
"*nāṯan*": "gave/placed/set/appointed",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings",
"*ḇənê*": "sons/children/descendants",
"*ʾāḏām*": "man/mankind/humanity",
"*ʿănôṯ*": "to be occupied/busy/afflicted with"
}
}
11{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.11",
"source": "אֶת־הַכֹּ֥ל עָשָׂ֖ה יָפֶ֣ה בְעִתּ֑וֹ גַּ֤ם אֶת־הָעֹלָם֙ נָתַ֣ן בְּלִבָּ֔ם מִבְּלִ֞י אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹא־יִמְצָ֣א הָאָדָ֗ם אֶת־הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֛ה אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֥ה הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים מֵרֹ֥אשׁ וְעַד־סֽוֹף׃",
"text": "*ʾeṯ*-the-*kōl* *ʿāśâ* *yāp̄eh* in-*ʿittô* also *ʾeṯ*-the-*ʿōlām* *nāṯan* in-*libbām* from-without *ʾăšer* not-*yimṣāʾ* the-*ʾāḏām* *ʾeṯ*-the-*maʿăśeh* *ʾăšer*-*ʿāśâ* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* from-*rōʾš* *wə*-until-*sôp̄*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ha-kōl*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the all/everything",
"*ʿāśâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he made",
"*yāp̄eh*": "adjective, masculine singular - beautiful/appropriate",
"*bə*": "preposition - in",
"*ʿittô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its time",
"*gam*": "adverb - also/even",
"*hā-ʿōlām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - eternity/the world",
"*nāṯan*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gave/placed",
"*bə*": "preposition - in",
"*libbām*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart",
"*mi-bəlî*": "preposition + adverb - from without/except",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yimṣāʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will find",
"*hā-ʾāḏām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man/mankind",
"*ha-maʿăśeh*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the work/deed",
"*ʿāśâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he made/did",
"*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - God",
"*mē-rōʾš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from beginning",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until",
"*sôp̄*": "noun, masculine singular - end"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿāśâ*": "made/did/produced",
"*yāp̄eh*": "beautiful/appropriate/fitting/right",
"*ʿittô*": "its time/its season",
"*ʿōlām*": "eternity/long duration/ancient time/world",
"*nāṯan*": "gave/placed/set",
"*libbām*": "their heart/mind/inner person",
"*yimṣāʾ*": "will find/discover/encounter",
"*maʿăśeh*": "work/deed/action/labor",
"*rōʾš*": "beginning/start/head",
"*sôp̄*": "end/conclusion"
}
}
12{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.12",
"source": "יָדַ֕עְתִּי כִּ֛י אֵ֥ין ט֖וֹב בָּ֑ם כִּ֣י אִם־לִשְׂמ֔וֹחַ וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת ט֖וֹב בְּחַיָּֽיו׃",
"text": "*yāḏaʿtî* that *ʾên* *ṭôḇ* in-them that if-to-*liśmôaḥ* *wə*-to-*laʿăśôṯ* *ṭôḇ* in-*ḥayyāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*yāḏaʿtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I know/knew",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that/because",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not",
"*ṭôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - good",
"*bām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them",
"*kî ʾim*": "conjunction phrase - but/except",
"*li*": "preposition prefix - to/for",
"*śmôaḥ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to rejoice",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*lă*": "preposition prefix - to/for",
"*ʿăśôṯ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to do",
"*ṭôḇ*": "adjective/noun, masculine singular - good",
"*bə*": "preposition - in",
"*ḥayyāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his life"
},
"variants": {
"*yāḏaʿtî*": "I know/knew/understand/perceive",
"*ʾên*": "there is not/there isn't",
"*ṭôḇ*": "good/pleasant/agreeable",
"*śmôaḥ*": "to rejoice/be glad/be joyful",
"*ʿăśôṯ*": "to do/make/produce",
"*ḥayyāyw*": "his life/his lifetime"
}
}
13{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.13",
"source": "וְגַ֤ם כָּל־הָאָדָם֙ שֶׁיֹּאכַ֣ל וְשָׁתָ֔ה וְרָאָ֥ה ט֖וֹב בְּכָל־עֲמָל֑וֹ מַתַּ֥ת אֱלֹהִ֖ים הִֽיא׃",
"text": "*wə*-also every-the-*ʾāḏām* that-*yōʾḵal* *wə*-*šāṯâ* *wə*-*rāʾâ* *ṭôḇ* in-all-*ʿămālô* *mattat* *ʾĕlōhîm* *hîʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*gam*": "adverb - also/moreover",
"*kol*": "adjective - every/all",
"*hā-ʾāḏām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man/mankind",
"*še*": "relative particle - that/who",
"*yōʾḵal*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will eat",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*šāṯâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he drank",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*rāʾâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he saw",
"*ṭôḇ*": "adjective/noun, masculine singular - good",
"*bə*": "preposition - in",
"*kol*": "adjective - every/all",
"*ʿămālô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his labor",
"*mattat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - gift of",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (with singular meaning) - God",
"*hîʾ*": "personal pronoun, feminine singular - she/it"
},
"variants": {
"*yōʾḵal*": "will eat/consume/devour",
"*šāṯâ*": "drank/imbibed",
"*rāʾâ*": "saw/observed/experienced",
"*ṭôḇ*": "good/pleasant/agreeable",
"*ʿămālô*": "his labor/toil/work",
"*mattat*": "gift/present/offering"
}
}
14{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.14",
"source": "יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּ֠י כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַעֲשֶׂ֤ה הָאֱלֹהִים֙ ה֚וּא יִהְיֶ֣ה לְעוֹלָ֔ם עָלָיו֙ אֵ֣ין לְהוֹסִ֔יף וּמִמֶּ֖נּוּ אֵ֣ין לִגְרֹ֑עַ וְהָאֱלֹהִ֣ים עָשָׂ֔ה שֶׁיִּֽרְא֖וּ מִלְּפָנָֽיו׃",
"text": "*yāḏaʿtî* that all-*ʾăšer* *yaʿăśeh* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* *hûʾ* *yihyeh* to-*ʿôlām*, upon-it *ʾên* to-*ləhôsîp̄* *û*-from-it *ʾên* to-*liḡrōaʿ*, *wə*-the-*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʿāśâ* that-*yîrəʾû* from-before-him",
"grammar": {
"*yāḏaʿtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I know/knew",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that/because",
"*kol*": "adjective - all/every",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will do",
"*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural (with singular meaning) - God",
"*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, masculine singular - he/it",
"*yihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be",
"*lə*": "preposition - to/for",
"*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - forever/eternity",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon it",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not",
"*lə*": "preposition - to/for",
"*hôsîp̄*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to add",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*mimmennû*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from it",
"*liḡrōaʿ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to diminish/subtract",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural (with singular meaning) - God",
"*ʿāśâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he made/did",
"*še*": "relative particle - that",
"*yîrəʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will fear",
"*mil-lə-p̄ānāyw*": "preposition compound + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from before him"
},
"variants": {
"*yāḏaʿtî*": "I know/knew/understand",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "will do/make/accomplish",
"*yihyeh*": "will be/exist/happen",
"*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/long duration",
"*hôsîp̄*": "to add/increase/do again",
"*liḡrōaʿ*": "to diminish/subtract/take away",
"*ʿāśâ*": "made/did/accomplished",
"*yîrəʾû*": "they will fear/be afraid/stand in awe"
}
}
15{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.15",
"source": "מַה־שֶּֽׁהָיָה֙ כְּבָ֣ר ה֔וּא וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר לִהְי֖וֹת כְּבָ֣ר הָיָ֑ה וְהָאֱלֹהִ֖ים יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ אֶת־נִרְדָּֽף׃",
"text": "What-that-*hāyâ* already *hûʾ*, *wa*-*ʾăšer* to-*lihyôṯ* already *hāyâ*, *wə*-the-*ʾĕlōhîm* *yəḇaqqēš* *ʾeṯ*-*nirdāp̄*",
"grammar": {
"*mah*": "interrogative pronoun - what",
"*še*": "relative particle - that/which",
"*hāyâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it was",
"*kəḇār*": "adverb - already/long ago",
"*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, masculine singular - he/it",
"*wa*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which",
"*li*": "preposition - to/for",
"*hyôṯ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to be",
"*kəḇār*": "adverb - already/long ago",
"*hāyâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it was",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural (with singular meaning) - God",
"*yəḇaqqēš*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he seeks",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*nirdāp̄*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - the pursued/persecuted"
},
"variants": {
"*hāyâ*": "was/existed/happened",
"*kəḇār*": "already/long ago/previously",
"*hyôṯ*": "to be/exist/happen",
"*yəḇaqqēš*": "seeks/requires/desires",
"*nirdāp̄*": "pursued/persecuted/driven away/what has been driven away"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.16",
"source": "וְע֥וֹד רָאִ֖יתִי תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ מְק֤וֹם הַמִּשְׁפָּט֙ שָׁ֣מָּה הָרֶ֔שַׁע וּמְק֥וֹם הַצֶּ֖דֶק שָׁ֥מָּה הָרָֽשַׁע׃",
"text": "*wə*-further *rāʾîṯî* *taḥat* the-*šāmeš* *məqôm* the-*mišpāṭ* there the-*rešaʿ* *û*-*məqôm* the-*ṣeḏeq* there the-*rāšaʿ*",
"grammar": {
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʿôḏ*": "adverb - further/still/again",
"*rāʾîṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I saw",
"*taḥat*": "preposition - under",
"*ha-šāmeš*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the sun",
"*məqôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - place of",
"*ha-mišpāṭ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the judgment",
"*šāmmâ*": "adverb - there",
"*hā-rešaʿ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the wickedness",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*məqôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - place of",
"*ha-ṣeḏeq*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the righteousness",
"*šāmmâ*": "adverb - there",
"*hā-rāšaʿ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the wickedness"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿôḏ*": "further/still/yet/again",
"*rāʾîṯî*": "I saw/observed/perceived",
"*taḥat*": "under/beneath/in place of",
"*šāmeš*": "sun",
"*məqôm*": "place/site/location",
"*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision",
"*rešaʿ*": "wickedness/injustice/evil",
"*ṣeḏeq*": "righteousness/justice/rightness",
"*rāšaʿ*": "wickedness/evil/injustice"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.17",
"source": "אָמַ֤רְתִּֽי אֲנִי֙ בְּלִבִּ֔י אֶת־הַצַּדִּיק֙ וְאֶת־הָ֣רָשָׁ֔ע יִשְׁפֹּ֖ט הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּי־עֵ֣ת לְכָל־חֵ֔פֶץ וְעַ֥ל כָּל־הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה שָֽׁם׃",
"text": "*ʾāmartî* *ʾănî* in-*libbî* *ʾeṯ*-the-*ṣaddîq* *wə*-*ʾeṯ*-the-*rāšāʿ* *yišpōṭ* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* for-*ʿēt* to-every-*ḥēp̄eṣ* *wə*-upon every-the-*maʿăśeh* there",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I said",
"*ʾănî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I",
"*bə*": "preposition - in",
"*libbî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my heart",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ha-ṣaddîq*": "definite article + adjective/noun, masculine singular - the righteous",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*hā-rāšāʿ*": "definite article + adjective/noun, masculine singular - the wicked",
"*yišpōṭ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will judge",
"*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural (with singular meaning) - God",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular - time",
"*lə*": "preposition - to/for",
"*kol*": "adjective - every/all",
"*ḥēp̄eṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - matter/purpose/desire",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/over/concerning",
"*kol*": "adjective - every/all",
"*ha-maʿăśeh*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the deed/work",
"*šām*": "adverb - there"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmartî*": "I said/told/declared",
"*libbî*": "my heart/mind/inner self",
"*ṣaddîq*": "righteous person/just one",
"*rāšāʿ*": "wicked person/evil one",
"*yišpōṭ*": "will judge/govern/vindicate",
"*ʿēt*": "time/season/proper time",
"*ḥēp̄eṣ*": "purpose/matter/desire/delight",
"*maʿăśeh*": "deed/work/action"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.18",
"source": "אָמַ֤רְתִּֽי אֲנִי֙ בְּלִבִּ֔י עַל־דִּבְרַת֙ בְּנֵ֣י הָאָדָ֔ם לְבָרָ֖ם הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְלִרְא֕וֹת שְׁהֶם־בְּהֵמָ֥ה הֵ֖מָּה לָהֶֽם׃",
"text": "*ʾāmartî* *ʾănî* in-*libbî* concerning-*diḇraṯ* *bənê* the-*ʾāḏām* to-*ləḇārām* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* *wə*-to-*lirʾôṯ* that-they-*bəhēmâ* *hēmmâ* to-them",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I said",
"*ʾănî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I",
"*bə*": "preposition - in",
"*libbî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my heart",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/about",
"*diḇraṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - matter of/case of",
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*hā-ʾāḏām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man/mankind",
"*lə*": "preposition - to/for",
"*ḇārām*": "verb, qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to test them/purify them",
"*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural (with singular meaning) - God",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*li*": "preposition - to/for",
"*rʾôṯ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to see",
"*še*": "relative particle - that",
"*hēm*": "personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural - they",
"*bəhēmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - beast/animal",
"*hēmmâ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural - they",
"*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmartî*": "I said/told/declared",
"*libbî*": "my heart/mind/inner self",
"*diḇraṯ*": "matter/case/cause/reason",
"*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants",
"*ḇārām*": "to test them/purify them/select them/clarify for them",
"*rʾôṯ*": "to see/perceive/observe",
"*bəhēmâ*": "beast/animal/cattle",
"*hēmmâ*": "they/themselves"
}
}
19{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.19",
"source": "כִּי֩ מִקְרֶ֨ה בְֽנֵי־הָאָדָ֜ם וּמִקְרֶ֣ה הַבְּהֵמָ֗ה וּמִקְרֶ֤ה אֶחָד֙ לָהֶ֔ם כְּמ֥וֹת זֶה֙ כֵּ֣ן מ֣וֹת זֶ֔ה וְר֥וּחַ אֶחָ֖ד לַכֹּ֑ל וּמוֹתַ֨ר הָאָדָ֤ם מִן־הַבְּהֵמָה֙ אָ֔יִן כִּ֥י הַכֹּ֖ל הָֽבֶל׃",
"text": "For *miqreh* *ḇənê*-the-*ʾāḏām* *û*-*miqreh* the-*bəhēmâ* *û*-*miqreh* *ʾeḥāḏ* to-them as-*môṯ* this so *môṯ* this *wə*-*rûaḥ* *ʾeḥāḏ* to-the-*kōl* *û*-*môṯar* the-*ʾāḏām* from-the-*bəhēmâ* *ʾāyin* for the-*kōl* *hāḇel*",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*miqreh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fate of",
"*ḇənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*hā-ʾāḏām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man/mankind",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*miqreh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fate of",
"*ha-bəhēmâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the beast",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*miqreh*": "noun, masculine singular - fate",
"*ʾeḥāḏ*": "adjective, masculine singular - one/same",
"*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*kə*": "preposition - as/like",
"*môṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - death of",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this",
"*kēn*": "adverb - so/thus",
"*môṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - death of",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular - breath/spirit",
"*ʾeḥāḏ*": "adjective, masculine singular - one/same",
"*la-kōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - to all",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*môṯar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - advantage of",
"*hā-ʾāḏām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*ha-bəhēmâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the beast",
"*ʾāyin*": "adverb of negation - there is not",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ha-kōl*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the all/everything",
"*hāḇel*": "noun, masculine singular - vapor/breath/vanity"
},
"variants": {
"*miqreh*": "fate/event/happening/chance",
"*ḇənê*": "sons/children/descendants",
"*bəhēmâ*": "beast/animal/cattle",
"*ʾeḥāḏ*": "one/same/single/united",
"*môṯ*": "death/dying",
"*rûaḥ*": "breath/spirit/wind",
"*môṯar*": "advantage/profit/excess",
"*ʾāyin*": "nothing/nothingness/non-existence",
"*hāḇel*": "vapor/breath/vanity/emptiness"
}
}
20{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.20",
"source": "הַכֹּ֥ל הוֹלֵ֖ךְ אֶל־מָק֣וֹם אֶחָ֑ד הַכֹּל֙ הָיָ֣ה מִן־הֶֽעָפָ֔ר וְהַכֹּ֖ל שָׁ֥ב אֶל־הֶעָפָֽר׃",
"text": "The-*kōl* *hôlēḵ* to-*māqôm* *ʾeḥāḏ*, the-*kōl* *hāyâ* from-the-*ʿāp̄ār* *wə*-the-*kōl* *šāḇ* to-the-*ʿāp̄ār*",
"grammar": {
"*ha-kōl*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the all/everything",
"*hôlēḵ*": "verb, qal active participle, masculine singular - going",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward",
"*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular - place",
"*ʾeḥāḏ*": "adjective, masculine singular - one",
"*ha-kōl*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the all/everything",
"*hāyâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it was",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*he-ʿāp̄ār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the dust",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ha-kōl*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the all/everything",
"*šāḇ*": "verb, qal active participle, masculine singular - returning",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward",
"*he-ʿāp̄ār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the dust"
},
"variants": {
"*hôlēḵ*": "going/walking/proceeding",
"*māqôm*": "place/location/site",
"*ʾeḥāḏ*": "one/single/same",
"*hāyâ*": "was/became/came from",
"*ʿāp̄ār*": "dust/soil/earth/ashes",
"*šāḇ*": "returning/turning back/reverting"
}
}