Ecclesiastes 5:14

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.5.14", "source": "כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר יָצָא֙ מִבֶּ֣טֶן אִמּ֔וֹ עָר֛וֹם יָשׁ֥וּב לָלֶ֖כֶת כְּשֶׁבָּ֑א וּמְא֙וּמָה֙ לֹא־יִשָּׂ֣א בַעֲמָל֔וֹ שֶׁיֹּלֵ֖ךְ בְּיָדֽוֹ׃", "text": "As *yāṣāʾ* from *mibeṭen* *ʾimmô* *ʿārôm* *yāšûḇ* to *lāleḵeṯ* as *kəšebbāʾ*, and *məʾûmāh* not *yiśśāʾ* in *baʿămālô* that *šeyyōlēḵ* in *bəyāḏô*", "grammar": { "*yāṣāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he came out", "*mibeṭen*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from womb of", "*ʾimmô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mother", "*ʿārôm*": "adjective, masculine singular - naked", "*yāšûḇ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will return", "*lāleḵeṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to go", "*kəšebbāʾ*": "preposition + relative particle + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - as he came", "*məʾûmāh*": "noun, masculine singular - anything", "*yiśśāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will carry/take", "*baʿămālô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his labor/toil", "*šeyyōlēḵ*": "relative particle + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - that he will carry", "*bəyāḏô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his hand" }, "variants": { "*yāṣāʾ*": "came out/went forth/departed", "*beṭen*": "womb/belly/body", "*ʿārôm*": "naked/nude/bare", "*yāšûḇ*": "will return/go back/come back", "*yiśśāʾ*": "will carry/take/lift/bear", "*baʿămālô*": "in his labor/toil/trouble/work" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר יָצָא֙ מִבֶּ֣טֶן אִמּ֔וֹ עָר֛וֹם יָשׁ֥וּב לָלֶ֖כֶת כְּשֶׁבָּ֑א וּמְא֙וּמָה֙ לֹא־יִשָּׂ֣א בַעֲמָל֔וֹ שֶׁיֹּלֵ֖ךְ בְּיָדֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

As yāṣāʾ from mibeṭen ʾimmô ʿārôm yāšûḇ to lāleḵeṯ as kəšebbāʾ, and məʾûmāh not yiśśāʾ in baʿămālô that šeyyōlēḵ in bəyāḏô

Grammar Details

• *yāṣāʾ*: qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he came out
• *mibeṭen*: preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from womb of
• *ʾimmô*: noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mother
• *ʿārôm*: adjective, masculine singular - naked
• *yāšûḇ*: qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will return
• *lāleḵeṯ*: preposition + qal infinitive construct - to go
• *kəšebbāʾ*: preposition + relative particle + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - as he came
• *məʾûmāh*: noun, masculine singular - anything
• *yiśśāʾ*: qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will carry/take
• *baʿămālô*: preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his labor/toil
• *šeyyōlēḵ*: relative particle + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - that he will carry
• *bəyāḏô*: preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his hand

Word Meanings

• *yāṣāʾ*: came out/went forth/departed
• *beṭen*: womb/belly/body
• *ʿārôm*: naked/nude/bare
• *yāšûḇ*: will return/go back/come back
• *yiśśāʾ*: will carry/take/lift/bear
• *baʿămālô*: in his labor/toil/trouble/work

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  As everyone comes naked from their mother’s womb, so they depart naked as they came. They take nothing from their toil that they can carry in their hands.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But those riches perish by evil travail: and he begetteth a son, and there is nothing in his hand.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But those riches perish through misfortune, and he begets a son, and there is nothing in his hand.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But those riches perish by evil travail: and he begetteth a son, and there is nothing in his hand.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and those riches perish by evil adventure; and if he hath begotten a son, there is nothing in his hand.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But those riches perish by evil travail: and he begetteth a son, and there is nothing in his hand.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  For oft times they perishe with his greate misery and trouble: and yf he haue a childe, it getteth nothinge.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  (5:13) And these riches perish by euill trauel, and he begetteth a sonne, and in his hand is nothing.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  For oft tymes they perishe with his great miserie and trouble: and yf he haue a chylde, it getteth nothyng.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But those riches perish by evil travail: and he begetteth a son, and [there is] nothing in his hand.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Those riches perish by misfortune, and if he has fathered a son, there is nothing in his hand.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And that wealth hath been lost in an evil business, and he hath begotten a son and there is nothing in his hand!

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and those riches perish by evil adventure; and if he hath begotten a son, there is nothing in his hand.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and those riches perish by evil adventure; and if he hath begotten a son, there is nothing in his hand.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  As he came from his mother at birth, so does he go again; he gets from his work no reward which he may take away in his hand.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Those riches perish by misfortune, and if he has fathered a son, there is nothing in his hand.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Then that wealth was lost through bad luck; although he fathered a son, he has nothing left to give him.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 2:6-8 : 6 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.6", "source": "יְהוָ֖ה מֵמִ֣ית וּמְחַיֶּ֑ה מוֹרִ֥יד שְׁא֖וֹל וַיָּֽעַל׃", "text": "*YHWH* *mēmît* and *məḥayyeh*; *môrîd* *šəʾôl* and *wayyāʿal*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*mēmît*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - causes to die/kills", "*məḥayyeh*": "Piel participle masculine singular - gives life/revives", "*môrîd*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - brings down/causes to descend", "*šəʾôl*": "noun masculine/feminine singular - Sheol/underworld/grave", "*wayyāʿal*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular apocopated - and he brings up" }, "variants": { "*mēmît*": "causes to die/kills/puts to death", "*məḥayyeh*": "gives life/revives/makes alive", "*môrîd*": "brings down/causes to descend", "*šəʾôl*": "Sheol/underworld/grave/realm of the dead", "*wayyāʿal*": "and he brings up/raises up/lifts up" } } 7 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.7", "source": "יְהוָ֖ה מוֹרִ֣ישׁ וּמַעֲשִׁ֑יר מַשְׁפִּ֖יל אַף־מְרוֹמֵֽם׃", "text": "*YHWH* *môrîš* and *maʿăšîr*; *mašpîl* also-*mərômēm*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*môrîš*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - makes poor/impoverishes", "*maʿăšîr*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - makes rich/enriches", "*mašpîl*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - brings low/humbles", "*mərômēm*": "Polel participle masculine singular - exalts/lifts up" }, "variants": { "*môrîš*": "makes poor/impoverishes/brings to poverty", "*maʿăšîr*": "makes rich/enriches/brings to wealth", "*mašpîl*": "brings low/humbles/debases", "*mərômēm*": "exalts/lifts up/raises high" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.8", "source": "מֵקִ֨ים מֵעָפָ֜ר דָּ֗ל מֵֽאַשְׁפֹּת֙ יָרִ֣ים אֶבְי֔וֹן לְהוֹשִׁיב֙ עִם־נְדִיבִ֔ים וְכִסֵּ֥א כָב֖וֹד יַנְחִלֵ֑ם כִּ֤י לַֽיהוָה֙ מְצֻ֣קֵי אֶ֔רֶץ וַיָּ֥שֶׁת עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם תֵּבֵֽל׃", "text": "*mēqîm* from *ʿāfār* *dal*, from *ʾašpōt* *yārîm* *ʾebyôn*, *ləhôšîb* with-*nədîbîm*, and *kissēʾ* of *kābôd* *yanḥîlēm*; because to *YHWH* *məṣuqê* *ʾereṣ*, and *wayyāšet* upon them *tēbēl*.", "grammar": { "*mēqîm*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - raises up", "*ʿāfār*": "noun masculine singular - dust", "*dal*": "adjective masculine singular - poor/weak", "*ʾašpōt*": "noun masculine/feminine plural construct - ash heap/dunghill", "*yārîm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - lifts up", "*ʾebyôn*": "adjective masculine singular - needy/poor", "*ləhôšîb*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to sit/to set", "*nədîbîm*": "adjective masculine plural - nobles/princes", "*kissēʾ*": "noun masculine singular construct - throne of", "*kābôd*": "noun masculine singular - glory/honor", "*yanḥîlēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he causes them to inherit", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*məṣuqê*": "noun masculine plural construct - pillars/foundations of", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land", "*wayyāšet*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular apocopated - and he set/placed", "*tēbēl*": "noun feminine singular - world/inhabited earth" }, "variants": { "*dal*": "poor/weak/thin/lowly", "*ʾašpōt*": "ash heap/dunghill/refuse pile", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute", "*nədîbîm*": "nobles/princes/generous ones", "*kābôd*": "glory/honor/splendor", "*məṣuqê*": "pillars/foundations/supports", "*tēbēl*": "world/inhabited earth/habitable land" } }
• 1 Sam 2:36 : 36 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.36", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה כָּל־הַנּוֹתָר֙ בְּבֵ֣יתְךָ֔ יָבוֹא֙ לְהִשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֣ת ל֔וֹ לַאֲג֥וֹרַת כֶּ֖סֶף וְכִכַּר־לָ֑חֶם וְאָמַ֗ר סְפָחֵ֥נִי נָ֛א אֶל־אַחַ֥ת הַכְּהֻנּ֖וֹת לֶאֱכֹ֥ל פַּת־לָֽחֶם׃", "text": "And-it-shall-*hāyâ* all-the-*yātar* in-*bayit*-your *bôʾ* to-*šāḥâ* to-him for-*ʾăgôrâ* of-*kesep* and-*kikkar*-*leḥem*; and-he-will-*ʾāmar*, *sāpaḥ*-me *nāʾ* to-one-of the-*kəhunnâ* to-*ʾākal* *pat*-*leḥem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyâ*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*kol-ha-nôtār*": "construct + definite article + niphal participle, masculine singular - all the one remaining", "*bə-bêtekā*": "preposition + masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in your house", "*yābôʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will come", "*lə-hištaḥăwōt*": "preposition + hithpael infinitive construct - to bow down", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*la-ʾăgôrat*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - for a piece of", "*kesep*": "masculine singular - silver/money", "*wə-kikkar*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and a round loaf of", "*lāḥem*": "masculine singular - bread", "*wə-ʾāmar*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he will say", "*səpāḥēnî*": "qal imperative, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - attach me", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*ʾel-ʾaḥat*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - to one of", "*ha-kəhunnôt*": "definite article + feminine plural - the priesthoods/priestly offices", "*le-ʾĕkōl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to eat", "*pat-lāḥem*": "masculine singular construct + masculine singular - morsel of bread" }, "variants": { "*hāyâ*": "be/become/happen/occur", "*yātar*": "remain/be left over/survive", "*bayit*": "house/household/family", "*bôʾ*": "come/go/enter", "*šāḥâ*": "bow down/prostrate oneself/worship", "*ʾăgôrâ*": "piece/payment/coin", "*kesep*": "silver/money", "*kikkar*": "round loaf/talent/disk", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/grain", "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/think", "*sāpaḥ*": "attach/join/add/include", "*nāʾ*": "please/now/I pray", "*kəhunnâ*": "priesthood/priestly office/service", "*ʾākal*": "eat/consume/devour", "*pat*": "fragment/piece/morsel/bit" } }
• 1 Kgs 14:26 : 26 { "verseID": "1 Kings.14.26", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֞ח אֶת־אֹצְר֣וֹת בֵּית־יְהוָ֗ה וְאֶת־אֽוֹצְרוֹת֙ בֵּ֣ית הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאֶת־הַכֹּ֖ל לָקָ֑ח וַיִּקַּח֙ אֶת־כָּל־מָגִנֵּ֣י הַזָּהָ֔ב אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה שְׁלֹמֹֽה׃", "text": "And *yiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-*ʾôṣĕrôt* *bêt*-*YHWH* and-*ʾet*-*ʾôṣĕrôt* *bêt* the-*melek*, and-*ʾet*-the-all *lāqāḥ*; and *yiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-all-*māginnê* the-*zāhāb* which *ʿāśâ* *Šĕlōmōh*.", "grammar": { "*yiqqaḥ*": "Qal imperfect (with waw consecutive), 3rd masculine singular - he took", "*ʾôṣĕrôt*": "masculine plural construct - treasures of", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*melek*": "masculine singular - king", "*lāqāḥ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he took", "*māginnê*": "masculine plural construct - shields of", "*zāhāb*": "masculine singular - gold", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he made", "*Šĕlōmōh*": "proper noun - Solomon" }, "variants": { "*ʾôṣĕrôt*": "treasures/treasuries/storehouses", "*lāqāḥ*": "took/seized/captured", "*māginnê*": "shields/bucklers" } }
• Job 5:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Job.5.5", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֤ר קְצִיר֨וֹ ׀ רָ֘עֵ֤ב יֹאכֵ֗ל וְאֶֽל־מִצִנִּ֥ים יִקָּחֵ֑הוּ וְשָׁאַ֖ף צַמִּ֣ים חֵילָֽם׃", "text": "*ʾăšer* *qeṣîrō* *rāʿēb* *yōʾḵēl* *wə*-to-*miṣinnîm* *yiqqāḥēhû* *wə*-*šāʾaf* *ṣammîm* *ḥêlām*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whose/which", "*qeṣîrō*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his harvest", "*rāʿēb*": "adjective, masculine singular - hungry one", "*yōʾḵēl*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will eat", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*miṣinnîm*": "noun, masculine plural - thorns/thorn hedges", "*yiqqāḥēhû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he will take it", "*šāʾaf*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he swallowed up/panted after", "*ṣammîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - thirsty ones", "*ḥêlām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their wealth/substance" }, "variants": { "*qeṣîrō*": "his harvest/crop", "*rāʿēb*": "hungry one/hungry person", "*miṣinnîm*": "thorns/thorn hedges/snares", "*yiqqāḥēhû*": "takes it/will take it/seizes it", "*šāʾaf*": "swallows up/pants after/eagerly desires", "*ṣammîm*": "thirsty ones/those who thirst", "*ḥêlām*": "their wealth/substance/possessions" } }
• Job 20:15-29 : 15 { "verseID": "Job.20.15", "source": "חַ֣יִל בָּ֭לַע וַיְקִאֶ֑נּוּ מִ֝בִּטְנ֗וֹ יוֹרִשֶׁ֥נּוּ אֵֽל׃", "text": "*ḥayil* *bālaʿ* *wa-* *yĕqîʾennû* *mi-* *biṭnô* *yôrîšennû* *ʾēl*", "grammar": { "*ḥayil*": "noun, masculine singular - wealth/strength", "*bālaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he swallowed", "*wa-*": "conjunction - and", "*yĕqîʾennû*": "hifil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he vomits it", "*mi-*": "preposition - from", "*biṭnô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his belly/stomach", "*yôrîšennû*": "hifil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he drives it out", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God" }, "variants": { "*ḥayil*": "wealth/strength/riches/property", "*bālaʿ*": "swallowed/devoured/consumed", "*yĕqîʾennû*": "vomits it/spits it out/expels it", "*biṭnô*": "his belly/his stomach/his womb", "*yôrîšennû*": "drives it out/expels it/dispossesses it", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/the Mighty One" } } 16 { "verseID": "Job.20.16", "source": "רֹאשׁ־פְּתָנִ֥ים יִינָ֑ק תַּֽ֝הַרְגֵ֗הוּ לְשׁ֣וֹן אֶפְעֶֽה׃", "text": "*rōʾš-* *pĕtānîm* *yînāq* *tahargēhû* *lĕšôn* *ʾepʿeh*", "grammar": { "*rōʾš-*": "noun, masculine singular construct - venom/poison", "*pĕtānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - cobras/asps", "*yînāq*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he sucks", "*tahargēhû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - it kills him", "*lĕšôn*": "noun, feminine singular construct - tongue", "*ʾepʿeh*": "noun, masculine singular - viper" }, "variants": { "*rōʾš-*": "venom/poison/head", "*pĕtānîm*": "cobras/asps/vipers", "*yînāq*": "sucks/draws in/nurses", "*tahargēhû*": "kills him/slays him/murders him", "*lĕšôn*": "tongue/language", "*ʾepʿeh*": "viper/snake/adder" } } 17 { "verseID": "Job.20.17", "source": "אַל־יֵ֥רֶא בִפְלַגּ֑וֹת נַהֲרֵ֥י נַ֝חֲלֵ֗י דְּבַ֣שׁ וְחֶמְאָֽה׃", "text": "*ʾal-* *yēreʾ* *bi-* *pĕlaggôt* *nahărê* *naḥălê* *dĕbaš* *wĕ-* *ḥemʾāh*", "grammar": { "*ʾal-*": "negative particle - not", "*yēreʾ*": "qal jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let him see", "*bi-*": "preposition - in/with", "*pĕlaggôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - streams/channels", "*nahărê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - rivers", "*naḥălê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - torrents/brooks", "*dĕbaš*": "noun, masculine singular - honey", "*wĕ-*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥemʾāh*": "noun, feminine singular - curds/butter" }, "variants": { "*yēreʾ*": "let him see/let him look at/let him gaze upon", "*pĕlaggôt*": "streams/channels/divisions", "*nahărê*": "rivers/streams", "*naḥălê*": "torrents/brooks/wadis", "*dĕbaš*": "honey/sweetness", "*ḥemʾāh*": "curds/butter/cream" } } 18 { "verseID": "Job.20.18", "source": "מֵשִׁ֣יב יָ֭גָע וְלֹ֣א יִבְלָ֑ע כְּחֵ֥יל תְּ֝מוּרָת֗וֹ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲלֹֽס׃", "text": "*mēšîb* *yāgāʿ* *wĕ-* *lōʾ* *yiblāʿ* *kĕ-* *ḥêl* *tĕmûrātô* *wĕ-* *lōʾ* *yaʿălōs*", "grammar": { "*mēšîb*": "hifil participle, masculine singular - restoring/returning", "*yāgāʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he labored/toiled", "*wĕ-*": "conjunction - and", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yiblāʿ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he swallows", "*kĕ-*": "preposition - like/as", "*ḥêl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wealth/property", "*tĕmûrātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his exchange", "*wĕ-*": "conjunction - and", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yaʿălōs*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he rejoices" }, "variants": { "*mēšîb*": "restoring/returning/giving back", "*yāgāʿ*": "labored/toiled/what he worked for", "*yiblāʿ*": "swallows/consumes/enjoys", "*ḥêl*": "wealth/property/strength", "*tĕmûrātô*": "his exchange/his profit/his gain", "*yaʿălōs*": "rejoices/exults/delights" } } 19 { "verseID": "Job.20.19", "source": "כִּֽי־רִ֭צַּץ עָזַ֣ב דַּלִּ֑ים בַּ֥יִת גָּ֝זַ֗ל וְלֹ֣א יִבֶנֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "*kî-* *riṣṣaṣ* *ʿāzab* *dallîm* *bayit* *gāzal* *wĕ-* *lōʾ* *yibnēhû*", "grammar": { "*kî-*": "conjunction - for/because", "*riṣṣaṣ*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he crushed/oppressed", "*ʿāzab*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he forsook/abandoned", "*dallîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - poor ones", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular - house", "*gāzal*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he seized/robbed", "*wĕ-*": "conjunction - and", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yibnēhû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he will build it" }, "variants": { "*riṣṣaṣ*": "crushed/oppressed/shattered", "*ʿāzab*": "forsook/abandoned/left", "*dallîm*": "poor ones/needy ones/weak ones", "*bayit*": "house/home/dwelling", "*gāzal*": "seized/robbed/plundered", "*yibnēhû*": "will build it/will rebuild it/will establish it" } } 20 { "verseID": "Job.20.20", "source": "כִּ֤י ׀ לֹא־יָדַ֣ע שָׁלֵ֣ו בְּבִטְנ֑וֹ בַּ֝חֲמוּד֗וֹ לֹ֣א יְמַלֵּֽט׃", "text": "*kî* *lōʾ-* *yādaʿ* *šālēw* *bĕ-* *biṭnô* *ba-* *ḥămûdô* *lōʾ* *yĕmallēṭ*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ-*": "negative particle - not", "*yādaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he knew", "*šālēw*": "adjective, masculine singular - quietness/ease", "*bĕ-*": "preposition - in", "*biṭnô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his belly/stomach", "*ba-*": "preposition with definite article - in the", "*ḥămûdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his desirable thing", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yĕmallēṭ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he escapes/delivers" }, "variants": { "*yādaʿ*": "knew/experienced/perceived", "*šālēw*": "quietness/ease/contentment", "*biṭnô*": "his belly/his stomach/his appetite", "*ḥămûdô*": "his desirable thing/his precious thing/his treasure", "*yĕmallēṭ*": "escapes/delivers/saves/preserves" } } 21 { "verseID": "Job.20.21", "source": "אֵין־שָׂרִ֥יד לְאָכְל֑וֹ עַל־כֵּ֝֗ן לֹא־יָחִ֥יל טוּבֽוֹ׃", "text": "*ʾên-* *śārîd* *lĕ-* *ʾāklô* *ʿal-* *kēn* *lōʾ-* *yāḥîl* *ṭûbô*", "grammar": { "*ʾên-*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*śārîd*": "noun, masculine singular - survivor/remnant", "*lĕ-*": "preposition - to/for", "*ʾāklô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his food/eating", "*ʿal-*": "preposition - upon/therefore", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*lōʾ-*": "negative particle - not", "*yāḥîl*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it endures", "*ṭûbô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his prosperity" }, "variants": { "*śārîd*": "survivor/remnant/leftover", "*ʾāklô*": "his food/his eating/his devouring", "*ʿal-kēn*": "therefore/for that reason", "*yāḥîl*": "endures/lasts/abides", "*ṭûbô*": "his prosperity/his good/his wealth" } } 22 { "verseID": "Job.20.22", "source": "בִּמְלֹ֣אות שִׂ֭פְקוֹ יֵ֣צֶר ל֑וֹ כָּל־יַ֖ד עָמֵ֣ל תְּבוֹאֶֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*bi-* *mĕlōʾwt* *śipqô* *yēṣer* *lô* *kāl-* *yad* *ʿāmēl* *tĕbôʾennû*", "grammar": { "*bi-*": "preposition - in", "*mĕlōʾwt*": "infinitive construct - fullness", "*śipqô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sufficiency", "*yēṣer*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it is distressed/narrow", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*kāl-*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - all/every", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand", "*ʿāmēl*": "adjective, masculine singular - toiling/laboring", "*tĕbôʾennû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - it comes to him" }, "variants": { "*mĕlōʾwt*": "fullness/abundance/being full", "*śipqô*": "his sufficiency/his abundance/his satisfaction", "*yēṣer*": "is distressed/is in straits/is narrow", "*yad*": "hand/power", "*ʿāmēl*": "toiling/laboring/suffering/miserable", "*tĕbôʾennû*": "comes to him/arrives at him/befalls him" } } 23 { "verseID": "Job.20.23", "source": "יְהִ֤י ׀ לְמַלֵּ֬א בִטְנ֗וֹ יְֽשַׁלַּח־בּ֭וֹ חֲר֣וֹן אַפּ֑וֹ וְיַמְטֵ֥ר עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ בִּלְחוּמֽוֹ׃", "text": "*yĕhî* *lĕ-* *mallēʾ* *biṭnô* *yĕšallaḥ-* *bô* *ḥărôn* *ʾappô* *wĕ-* *yamṭēr* *ʿālêmô* *bi-* *lĕḥûmô*", "grammar": { "*yĕhî*": "qal jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let it be", "*lĕ-*": "preposition - to/for", "*mallēʾ*": "piel infinitive construct - filling", "*biṭnô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his belly", "*yĕšallaḥ-*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he sends", "*bô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in him", "*ḥărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - burning/fierce", "*ʾappô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger/nostril", "*wĕ-*": "conjunction - and", "*yamṭēr*": "hifil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he rains down", "*ʿālêmô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him", "*bi-*": "preposition - in", "*lĕḥûmô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his food" }, "variants": { "*yĕhî*": "let it be/it will be/it shall be", "*mallēʾ*": "filling/to fill", "*biṭnô*": "his belly/his stomach/his appetite", "*yĕšallaḥ-*": "sends/casts/hurls", "*ḥărôn*": "burning/fierce/heat", "*ʾappô*": "his anger/his nostril/his wrath", "*yamṭēr*": "rains down/causes to rain/hurls down", "*lĕḥûmô*": "his food/his meal/his consumption" } } 24 { "verseID": "Job.20.24", "source": "יִ֭בְרַח מִנֵּ֣שֶׁק בַּרְזֶ֑ל תַּ֝חְלְפֵ֗הוּ קֶ֣שֶׁת נְחוּשָֽׁה׃", "text": "*yibraḥ* *mi-* *nēšeq* *barzel* *taḥlĕpēhû* *qešet* *nĕḥûšāh*", "grammar": { "*yibraḥ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he flees", "*mi-*": "preposition - from", "*nēšeq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - weapon", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron", "*taḥlĕpēhû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - it pierces him", "*qešet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - bow", "*nĕḥûšāh*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze/copper" }, "variants": { "*yibraḥ*": "flees/runs away/escapes", "*nēšeq*": "weapon/armament/equipment", "*barzel*": "iron/metal", "*taḥlĕpēhû*": "pierces him/strikes him through/passes through him", "*qešet*": "bow/archer's weapon", "*nĕḥûšāh*": "bronze/copper/brass" } } 25 { "verseID": "Job.20.25", "source": "שָׁלַף֮ וַיֵּצֵ֢א מִגֵּ֫וָ֥ה וּ֭בָרָק מִֽמְּרֹרָת֥וֹ יַהֲלֹ֗ךְ עָלָ֥יו אֵמִֽים׃", "text": "*šālap* *wa-* *yēṣēʾ* *mi-* *gēwāh* *û-* *bārāq* *mi-* *mĕrōrātô* *yahălōk* *ʿālāyw* *ʾēmîm*", "grammar": { "*šālap*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he drew out", "*wa-*": "conjunction - and", "*yēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it comes out", "*mi-*": "preposition - from", "*gēwāh*": "noun, feminine singular - back/body", "*û-*": "conjunction - and", "*bārāq*": "noun, masculine singular - lightning/glittering", "*mi-*": "preposition - from", "*mĕrōrātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his gall/bitterness", "*yahălōk*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it goes/walks", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him", "*ʾēmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - terrors" }, "variants": { "*šālap*": "drew out/pulled out/extracted", "*yēṣēʾ*": "comes out/goes forth/exits", "*gēwāh*": "back/body", "*bārāq*": "lightning/glittering point/flash", "*mĕrōrātô*": "his gall/his bitterness/his bile", "*yahălōk*": "goes/walks/moves", "*ʾēmîm*": "terrors/fears/dreads" } } 26 { "verseID": "Job.20.26", "source": "כָּל־חֹשֶׁךְ֮ טָמ֢וּן לִצְפּ֫וּנָ֥יו תְּ֭אָכְלֵהוּ אֵ֣שׁ לֹֽא־נֻפָּ֑ח יֵ֖רַע שָׂרִ֣יד בְּאָהֳלֽוֹ׃", "text": "*kāl-* *ḥōšek* *ṭāmûn* *li-* *ṣĕpûnāyw* *tĕʾāklēhû* *ʾēš* *lōʾ-* *nuppāḥ* *yēraʿ* *śārîd* *bĕ-* *ʾāhŏlô*", "grammar": { "*kāl-*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - all/every", "*ḥōšek*": "noun, masculine singular - darkness", "*ṭāmûn*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - hidden", "*li-*": "preposition - for/to", "*ṣĕpûnāyw*": "qal passive participle, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his treasured things", "*tĕʾāklēhû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - it devours him", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*lōʾ-*": "negative particle - not", "*nuppāḥ*": "pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - kindled", "*yēraʿ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it goes ill", "*śārîd*": "noun, masculine singular - survivor/remnant", "*bĕ-*": "preposition - in", "*ʾāhŏlô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his tent" }, "variants": { "*ḥōšek*": "darkness/obscurity", "*ṭāmûn*": "hidden/concealed/stored up", "*ṣĕpûnāyw*": "his treasured things/his hidden treasures/his stored goods", "*tĕʾāklēhû*": "devours him/consumes him/eats him", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*nuppāḥ*": "kindled/blown upon/fanned", "*yēraʿ*": "goes ill/suffers harm/fares badly", "*śārîd*": "survivor/remnant/one left", "*ʾāhŏlô*": "his tent/his dwelling/his home" } } 27 { "verseID": "Job.20.27", "source": "יְגַלּ֣וּ שָׁמַ֣יִם עֲוֺנ֑וֹ וְ֝אֶ֗רֶץ מִתְקוֹמָ֘מָ֥ה לֽוֹ׃", "text": "*yĕgallû* *šāmayim* *ʿăwōnô* *wĕ-* *ʾereṣ* *mitqômāmāh* *lô*", "grammar": { "*yĕgallû*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they reveal", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural - heavens", "*ʿăwōnô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his iniquity", "*wĕ-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*mitqômāmāh*": "hitpolel participle, feminine singular - rising up", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - against him" }, "variants": { "*yĕgallû*": "reveal/uncover/expose", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*ʿăwōnô*": "his iniquity/his guilt/his sin", "*ʾereṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*mitqômāmāh*": "rising up/rebelling/standing against", "*lô*": "against him/to him" } } 28 { "verseID": "Job.20.28", "source": "יִ֭גֶל יְב֣וּל בֵּית֑וֹ נִ֝גָּר֗וֹת בְּי֣וֹם אַפּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*yigel* *yĕbûl* *bêtô* *niggārôt* *bĕ-* *yôm* *ʾappô*", "grammar": { "*yigel*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it departs/is removed", "*yĕbûl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - increase/produce", "*bêtô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*niggārôt*": "niphal participle, feminine plural - flowing away", "*bĕ-*": "preposition - in", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - day", "*ʾappô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger/wrath" }, "variants": { "*yigel*": "departs/is removed/is carried away", "*yĕbûl*": "increase/produce/wealth/possessions", "*bêtô*": "his house/his household/his family", "*niggārôt*": "flowing away/pouring out/washing away", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*ʾappô*": "his anger/his wrath/his nostril" } } 29 { "verseID": "Job.20.29", "source": "זֶ֤ה ׀ חֵֽלֶק־אָדָ֣ם רָ֭שָׁע מֵאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְנַחֲלַ֖ת אִמְר֣וֹ מֵאֵֽל׃", "text": "*zeh* *ḥēleq-* *ʾādām* *rāšāʿ* *mē-* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wĕ-* *naḥălat* *ʾimrô* *mē-* *ʾēl*", "grammar": { "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*ḥēleq-*": "noun, masculine singular construct - portion/share", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - wicked", "*mē-*": "preposition - from", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*wĕ-*": "conjunction - and", "*naḥălat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - inheritance/possession", "*ʾimrô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his word/decree", "*mē-*": "preposition - from", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God/deity" }, "variants": { "*ḥēleq-*": "portion/share/lot/part", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/person", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked/evil/criminal", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*naḥălat*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*ʾimrô*": "his word/his decree/his saying/his promise", "*ʾēl*": "God/divine being/deity" } }
• Job 27:16-17 : 16 { "verseID": "Job.27.16", "source": "אִם־יִצְבֹּ֣ר כֶּעָפָ֣ר כָּ֑סֶף וְ֝כַחֹ֗מֶר יָכִ֥ין מַלְבּֽוּשׁ׃", "text": "*ʾim-yiṣbōr* *keʿāp̄ār* *kāsep̄* *wə-ḵaḥōmer* *yāḵîn* *malbûš*", "grammar": { "*ʾim-yiṣbōr*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - if he heaps up", "*keʿāp̄ār*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - like dust", "*kāsep̄*": "noun masculine singular - silver", "*wə-ḵaḥōmer*": "conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular - and like clay", "*yāḵîn*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he prepares", "*malbûš*": "noun masculine singular - clothing/garment" }, "variants": { "*ṣāḇar*": "heap up/pile up", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "dust/dirt/earth", "*kesep̄*": "silver/money", "*ḥōmer*": "clay/mortar/cement", "*kûn*": "establish/prepare/provide", "*malbûš*": "clothing/garment/attire" } } 17 { "verseID": "Job.27.17", "source": "יָ֭כִין וְצַדִּ֣יק יִלְבָּ֑שׁ וְ֝כֶ֗סֶף נָקִ֥י יַחֲלֹֽק׃", "text": "*yāḵîn* *wə-ṣaddîq* *yilbāš* *wə-ḵesep̄* *nāqî* *yaḥălōq*", "grammar": { "*yāḵîn*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he prepares", "*wə-ṣaddîq*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular - but the righteous", "*yilbāš*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will wear/put on", "*wə-ḵesep̄*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and silver", "*nāqî*": "adjective masculine singular - innocent/pure", "*yaḥălōq*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will divide/inherit" }, "variants": { "*kûn*": "establish/prepare/provide", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/just/lawful", "*lāḇaš*": "put on/wear/clothe", "*kesep̄*": "silver/money", "*nāqî*": "innocent/pure/free", "*ḥālaq*": "divide/share/apportion/inherit" } }
• Ps 39:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.39.6", "source": "הִנֵּ֤ה טְפָח֨וֹת ׀ נָ֘תַ֤תָּה יָמַ֗י וְחֶלְדִּ֣י כְאַ֣יִן נֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ אַ֥ךְ כָּֽל־הֶ֥בֶל כָּל־אָ֝דָ֗ם נִצָּ֥ב סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*hinnēh* *ṭəfāḥôt* *nātattāh* *yāmay* and-*ḥeldî* like-*ʾayin* *negdekā* *ʾak* all-*hebel* all-*ʾādām* *niṣṣāb* *selāh*", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*ṭəfāḥôt*": "noun, feminine plural - handbreadths", "*nātattāh*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have made/set", "*yāmay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my days", "*ḥeldî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed conjunction 'wə' - and my lifetime", "*ʾayin*": "substantive with prefixed preposition 'kə' - like nothing", "*negdekā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you", "*ʾak*": "adverb - surely/only", "*hebel*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed 'kol' - all (is) vanity", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed 'kol' - every man", "*niṣṣāb*": "verb, niphal participle masculine singular - standing/established", "*selāh*": "musical notation - selah" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*ṭəfāḥôt*": "handbreadths/spans (measurement)", "*nātattāh*": "you have made/set/appointed", "*ḥeldî*": "my lifetime/duration/world", "*ʾayin*": "nothing/non-existence", "*ʾak*": "surely/only/indeed", "*hebel*": "vapor/breath/vanity/emptiness", "*niṣṣāb*": "standing/positioned/established" } }
• Ps 109:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.109.9", "source": "יִֽהְיוּ־בָנָ֥יו יְתוֹמִ֑ים וְ֝אִשְׁתּוֹ אַלְמָנָֽה׃", "text": "*Yihyû*-*bānāyw* *yətômîm* and-*ʾištô* *ʾalmānâ*.", "grammar": { "*Yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will be", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons/children", "*yətômîm*": "noun, masculine plural - orphans", "*ʾištô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wife", "*ʾalmānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - widow" }, "variants": { "*bānāyw*": "his sons/his children", "*yətômîm*": "orphans/fatherless" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.109.10", "source": "וְנ֤וֹעַ יָנ֣וּעוּ בָנָ֣יו וְשִׁאֵ֑לוּ וְ֝דָרְשׁ֗וּ מֵחָרְבוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*nôaʿ* *yānûʿû* *bānāyw* and-*šiʾēlû* and-*dārəšû* from-*ḥorbôtêhem*.", "grammar": { "*nôaʿ* *yānûʿû*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute followed by qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - wandering they will wander (emphatic)", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons/children", "*šiʾēlû*": "verb, piel perfect 3rd person plural - they will beg", "*dārəšû*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd person plural - they will seek", "*ḥorbôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their ruins/desolate places" }, "variants": { "*nôaʿ* *yānûʿû*": "continually wander/constantly move about/be vagabonds", "*šiʾēlû*": "beg/ask for alms/seek help", "*ḥorbôtêhem*": "their ruins/their desolate places/their devastated homes" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.109.11", "source": "יְנַקֵּ֣שׁ נ֭וֹשֶׁה לְכָל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֑וֹ וְיָבֹ֖זּוּ זָרִ֣ים יְגִיעֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Yənaqqēš* *nôšeh* to-all-that-to-him and-*yābōzzû* *zārîm* *yəgîʿô*.", "grammar": { "*Yənaqqēš*": "verb, piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will seize/trap", "*nôšeh*": "participle, qal masculine singular - creditor/one who lends", "*yābōzzû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will plunder", "*zārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - strangers/foreigners", "*yəgîʿô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his labor/product/gain" }, "variants": { "*Yənaqqēš*": "ensnare/trap/seize", "*nôšeh*": "creditor/moneylender/usurer", "*zārîm*": "strangers/foreigners/outsiders", "*yəgîʿô*": "his labor/his product/his earnings/fruit of his work" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.109.12", "source": "אַל־יְהִי־ל֭וֹ מֹשֵׁ֣ךְ חָ֑סֶד וְֽאַל־יְהִ֥י ח֝וֹנֵ֗ן לִיתוֹמָֽיו׃", "text": "Not *yəhî*-to-him *mōšēk* *ḥāsed* and-not *yəhî* *ḥônēn* to-*yətômāyw*.", "grammar": { "*yəhî*": "verb, qal jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let there be", "*mōšēk*": "participle, qal masculine singular - one who extends/continues", "*ḥāsed*": "noun, masculine singular - loyalty/kindness/mercy", "*ḥônēn*": "participle, qal masculine singular - one who shows favor/is gracious", "*yətômāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his orphans/fatherless children" }, "variants": { "*mōšēk* *ḥāsed*": "one who extends kindness/continues mercy/prolongs loyalty", "*ḥāsed*": "covenant loyalty/kindness/mercy/faithfulness", "*ḥônēn*": "showing favor/being gracious/having compassion" } }
• Prov 23:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Proverbs.23.5", "source": "*התעוף **הֲתָ֤עִיף עֵינֶ֥יךָ בּ֗וֹ וְֽאֵ֫ינֶ֥נּוּ כִּ֤י עָשֹׂ֣ה יַעֲשֶׂה־לּ֣וֹ כְנָפַ֑יִם כְּ֝נֶ֗שֶׁר *ועיף **יָע֥וּף הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃ פ", "text": "Will *hăṯāʿîp̄* your eyes on it but *ʾênennû*, for *ʿāśōh yaʿăśeh-lô* wings like *nešer* *yāʿûp̄* to the heavens.", "grammar": { "*hăṯāʿîp̄*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - cause to fly/glance/gaze", "*ʾênennû*": "particle of negation + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it is not/it is gone", "*ʿāśōh yaʿăśeh-lô*": "emphatic construction, qal infinitive absolute + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it surely makes for itself", "*nešer*": "noun, masculine singular - eagle/vulture", "*yāʿûp̄*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - flies" }, "variants": { "*hăṯāʿîp̄*": "cause to fly/glance/gaze/set your eyes on", "*ʾênennû*": "it is not/it is gone/it has vanished", "*ʿāśōh yaʿăśeh-lô*": "it surely makes for itself/it definitely produces for itself", "*nešer*": "eagle/vulture/large bird of prey", "*yāʿûp̄*": "flies/soars/takes flight" } }
• Eccl 2:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.2.26", "source": "כִּ֤י לְאָדָם֙ שֶׁטּ֣וֹב לְפָנָ֔יו נָתַ֛ן חָכְמָ֥ה וְדַ֖עַת וְשִׂמְחָ֑ה וְלַחוֹטֶא֩ נָתַ֨ן עִנְיָ֜ן לֶאֱס֣וֹף וְלִכְנ֗וֹס לָתֵת֙ לְטוֹב֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים גַּם־זֶ֥ה הֶ֖בֶל וּרְע֥וּת רֽוּחַ׃", "text": "Because to *ʾādām* *sheṭṭôb* to *pānāyw* *nātan* *ḥokmāh* and *daʿat* and *śimḥāh* and to the-*ḥôṭēʾ* *nātan* *ʿinyān* to *leʾĕsôp* and to *liknôs* to *lātēt* to *ṭôb* to *lipnê* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* also-this *hebel* and *rĕʿût* *rûaḥ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition - to a person", "*sheṭṭôb*": "relative particle + adjective, masculine singular - who is good/pleasing", "*pānāyw*": "plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix with prefixed preposition - before him", "*nātan*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he gave", "*ḥokmāh*": "feminine singular noun - wisdom", "*daʿat*": "feminine singular noun - knowledge", "*śimḥāh*": "feminine singular noun - joy", "*ḥôṭēʾ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article and prefixed preposition - to the sinner", "*nātan*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he gave", "*ʿinyān*": "masculine singular noun - task/business", "*leʾĕsôp*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to gather", "*liknôs*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to collect", "*lātēt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to give", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular with prefixed preposition - to good", "*lipnê*": "preposition + construct - before", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - God", "*hebel*": "masculine singular noun - vapor/vanity", "*rĕʿût*": "feminine singular construct - striving of", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular noun - wind/spirit" }, "variants": { "*ʾādām sheṭṭôb lĕpānāyw*": "to the person who pleases Him/who is good in His sight", "*ḥokmāh wĕdaʿat wĕśimḥāh*": "wisdom and knowledge and joy", "*ḥôṭēʾ*": "sinner/offender/one who misses the mark", "*ʿinyān*": "task/business/occupation/affair", "*leʾĕsôp wĕliknôs*": "to gather and collect/to gather and heap up", "*lātēt lĕṭôb lipnê hāʾĕlōhîm*": "to give to the one who pleases God/to the one good before God", "*hebel*": "vapor/breath/emptiness/vanity/futility/meaninglessness", "*rĕʿût rûaḥ*": "striving after wind/chasing wind/vexation of spirit" } }
• Hag 1:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Haggai.1.9", "source": "פָּנֹ֤ה אֶל־הַרְבֵּה֙ וְהִנֵּ֣ה לִמְעָ֔ט וַהֲבֵאתֶ֥ם הַבַּ֖יִת וְנָפַ֣חְתִּי ב֑וֹ יַ֣עַן מֶ֗ה נְאֻם֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת יַ֗עַן בֵּיתִי֙ אֲשֶׁר־ה֣וּא חָרֵ֔ב וְאַתֶּ֥ם רָצִ֖ים אִ֥ישׁ לְבֵיתֽוֹ", "text": "Looking to *harbēh* and behold *liməʿāṭ*, and you *wahăḇēʾtem* the *bayit* and I *wənāp̄aḥtî* in it. *yaʿan* *meh*? *nəʾum* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôt*. *yaʿan* my *bêtî* which-it is *ḥārēḇ*, and you *rāṣîm* each *ʾîš* to his *ləḇêtô*", "grammar": { "*pānōh*": "qal infinitive absolute - turning/looking", "*harbēh*": "adjective, masculine singular - much", "*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction with interjection - and behold", "*liməʿāṭ*": "preposition with adjective, masculine singular - to little", "*wahăḇēʾtem*": "verb, hiphil perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you brought", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the house", "*wənāp̄aḥtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular with conjunction - and I blew", "*bô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in it", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because", "*meh*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ṣəḇāʾôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - of hosts/armies", "*bêtî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my house", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - it", "*ḥārēḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - desolate/in ruins", "*wəʾattem*": "conjunction with personal pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural - and you", "*rāṣîm*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural - running", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man", "*ləḇêtô*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his house" }, "variants": { "*pānōh*": "turning/looking/expecting", "*wənāp̄aḥtî*": "and I blew upon it/and I emptied it/and I blew it away", "*yaʿan*": "because/on account of", "*nəʾum*": "declaration of/oracle of/says", "*ḥārēḇ*": "desolate/in ruins/waste", "*rāṣîm*": "running/hastening/hurrying" } }
• Hag 2:16-17 : 16 { "verseID": "Haggai.2.16", "source": "מִֽהְיוֹתָ֥ם בָּא֙ אֶל־עֲרֵמַ֣ת עֶשְׂרִ֔ים וְהָיְתָ֖ה עֲשָׂרָ֑ה בָּ֣א אֶל־הַיֶּ֗קֶב לַחְשֹׂף֙ חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים פּוּרָ֔ה וְהָיְתָ֖ה עֶשְׂרִֽים׃", "text": "From-*hĕyôtām* *bāʾ* to-*ʿărēmat* *ʿeśrîm* and-*hāyətāh* *ʿăśārāh* *bāʾ* to-*hayyeqeb* to-*laḥśōp* *ḥămiššîm* *pûrāh* and-*hāyətāh* *ʿeśrîm*", "grammar": { "*hĕyôtām*": "qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their being", "*bāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he came", "*ʿărēmat*": "construct noun, feminine singular - heap of", "*ʿeśrîm*": "cardinal number - twenty", "*hāyətāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it was", "*ʿăśārāh*": "cardinal number, feminine - ten", "*hayyeqeb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the wine vat", "*laḥśōp*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to draw", "*ḥămiššîm*": "cardinal number - fifty", "*pûrāh*": "noun, feminine singular - measure", "*ʿeśrîm*": "cardinal number - twenty" }, "variants": { "*bāʾ*": "one came/when one came", "*ʿărēmat*": "heap/pile", "*hayyeqeb*": "wine vat/wine press", "*laḥśōp*": "to draw out/to scoop out" } } 17 { "verseID": "Haggai.2.17", "source": "הִכֵּ֨יתִי אֶתְכֶ֜ם בַּשִּׁדָּפ֤וֹן וּבַיֵּֽרָקוֹן֙ וּבַבָּרָ֔ד אֵ֖ת כָּל־מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יְדֵיכֶ֑ם וְאֵין־אֶתְכֶ֥ם אֵלַ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*hikkêtî* *ʾetkem* with-*haššiddāpôn* and-with-*hayyērāqôn* and-with-*habbārād* *ʾēt* all-*maʿăśēh* *yədêkem* and-*ʾên*-*ʾetkem* to-me *nəʾum*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*hikkêtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I struck", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*haššiddāpôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the blight", "*hayyērāqôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the mildew", "*habbārād*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the hail", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*maʿăśēh*": "construct noun, masculine singular - work of", "*yədêkem*": "noun, feminine dual construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your hands", "*ʾên*": "adverb of negation - there is not", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*nəʾum*": "construct noun, masculine singular - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/the LORD" }, "variants": { "*hikkêtî*": "I struck/I smote", "*haššiddāpôn*": "blight/blast", "*hayyērāqôn*": "mildew/rust", "*ʾên-ʾetkem ʾēlay*": "you did not return to me/you were not [turning] to me" } }
• Matt 6:19-20 : 19 { "verseID": "Matthew.6.19", "source": "Μὴ θησαυρίζετε ὑμῖν θησαυροὺς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ὅπου σὴς καὶ βρῶσις ἀφανίζει, καὶ ὅπου κλέπται διορύσσουσιν καὶ κλέπτουσιν:", "text": "*Mē thēsaurizete* to you *thēsaurous* upon the *gēs*, where *sēs* and *brōsis aphanizei*, and where *kleptai dioryssousin* and *kleptousin*:", "grammar": { "*Mē thēsaurizete*": "negative particle + present active imperative, 2nd plural - do not store up", "*thēsaurous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - treasures", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*sēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - moth", "*brōsis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - rust/eating/corrosion", "*aphanizei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - destroys/consumes", "*kleptai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - thieves", "*dioryssousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd plural - break through/dig through", "*kleptousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd plural - steal" }, "variants": { "*thēsaurizete*": "store up/lay up/accumulate", "*thēsaurous*": "treasures/wealth/stored valuables", "*gēs*": "earth/land/ground/soil", "*sēs*": "moth/cloth-eating insect", "*brōsis*": "rust/eating/corrosion/consumption", "*aphanizei*": "destroys/consumes/ruins", "*kleptai*": "thieves/robbers", "*dioryssousin*": "break through/dig through/burgle", "*kleptousin*": "steal/take secretly/pilfer" } } 20 { "verseID": "Matthew.6.20", "source": "Θησαυρίζετε δὲ ὑμῖν θησαυροὺς ἐν οὐρανῷ, ὅπου οὔτε σὴς οὔτε βρῶσις ἀφανίζει, καὶ ὅπου κλέπται οὐ διορύσσουσιν οὐδὲ κλέπτουσιν:", "text": "*Thēsaurizete de* to you *thēsaurous* in *ouranō*, where *oute sēs oute brōsis aphanizei*, and where *kleptai ou dioryssousin oude kleptousin*:", "grammar": { "*Thēsaurizete de*": "present active imperative, 2nd plural + contrastive particle - but store up", "*thēsaurous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - treasures", "*ouranō*": "dative, masculine, singular - heaven", "*oute sēs oute*": "negative correlative conjunction + nominative, masculine, singular + negative correlative conjunction - neither moth nor", "*brōsis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - rust/eating/corrosion", "*aphanizei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - destroys/consumes", "*kleptai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - thieves", "*ou dioryssousin*": "negative particle + present active indicative, 3rd plural - do not break through", "*oude kleptousin*": "negative conjunction + present active indicative, 3rd plural - nor steal" }, "variants": { "*Thēsaurizete*": "store up/lay up/accumulate", "*thēsaurous*": "treasures/wealth/stored valuables", "*ouranō*": "heaven/sky/celestial realm", "*sēs*": "moth/cloth-eating insect", "*brōsis*": "rust/eating/corrosion/consumption", "*aphanizei*": "destroys/consumes/ruins", "*kleptai*": "thieves/robbers", "*dioryssousin*": "break through/dig through/burgle", "*kleptousin*": "steal/take secretly/pilfer" } }